TY - JOUR A1 - Wolf, Dominik Werner A1 - Ulrich, Markus A1 - Braun, Alexander T1 - Novel developments of refractive power measurement techniques in the automotive world JF - Metrologia N2 - Refractive power measurements serve as the primary quality standard in the automotive glazing industry. In the light of autonomous driving new optical metrics are becoming more and more popular for specifying optical quality requirements for the windshield. Nevertheless, the link between those quantities and the refractive power needs to be established in order to ensure a holistic requirement profile for the windshield. As a consequence, traceable high-resolution refractive power measurements are still required for the glass quality assessment. Standard measurement systems using Moiré patterns for refractive power monitoring in the automotive industry are highly resolution limited, wherefore they are insufficient for evaluating the camera window area. Consequently, there is a need for more sophisticated refractive power measurement systems that provide a higher spatial resolution. In addition, a calibration procedure has to be developed in order to guarantee for comparability of the measurement results. For increasing the resolution, a measurement setup based on an auto-correlation algorithm is tested in this paper. Furthermore, a calibration procedure is established by using a single reference lens with a nominal refractive power of 100 km-1. For the calibration of the entire measurement range of the system, the lens is tilted by an inclination angle orthogonal to the optical axis. The effective refractive power is then given by the Kerkhof model. By adopting the measurement and calibration procedure presented in this paper, glass suppliers in the automotive industry will be able to detect relevant manufacturing defects within the camera window area more accurately paving the way for a holistic quality assurance of the windshield for future advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) functionalities. Concurrently, the traceability of the measurement results is ensured by establishing a calibration chain based on a single reference lens, which is traced back to international standards. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-41484 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1681-7575/acf1a4 SN - 1681-7575 VL - 60 IS - 064001 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - CHAP A1 - von Berg, Markus A1 - Schwörer, Paul A1 - Prinz, Lukas A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - Analysis of physical and perceptual properties of room impulse responses: development of an online tool T2 - Forum Acusticuum 2023: 10th Convention of European Acoustics Association, Turin, Italy, 11th-15th September 2023 N2 - Over the past decades, research in room acoustics has established several derivative measures of an impulse response, some of which are incorporated in the ISO 3382 standards. These parameters intend to represent perceptual qualities, but were developed without a consistent modeling of room acoustical perception. More recent research proposed comprehensive inventories of room acoustic perception that are purely based on evaluations by human subjects, such as the Room Acoustical Quality Index (RAQI). In this work RA-QI scores acquired for 70 room impulse responses were predicted from room acoustical parameters. Except for Reverberance, the prediction of RAQI factors performed rather poor. In most cases, the sound source had a greater impact on RAQI scores. All analyses are published in an online tool, where users can upload omnidirectional and binaural impulse responses, and instantly obtain and visualize several physical descriptors, as well as predicted RAQI scores for three different sound sources. So far, acceptable prediction accuracy is achieved for Reverberance, Strength, Irregular Decay, Clarity and Intimacy. Larger data sets of evaluated impulse responses are required to improve the model performance and enable reliable predictions of room acoustical quality. Therefore, the administration of RAQI evaluations within the website is currently being developed. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-41955 PB - EAA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Von Berg, Markus A1 - Schwörer, Paul A1 - Prinz, Lukas A1 - Steffens, Jochen ED - Astolfi, Arianna ED - Asdrubali, Francesco ED - Shtrepi, Louena T1 - Analysis of physical and perceptual properties of room impulse responses: development of an online tool T2 - Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023, September 11 - 15, 2023,Torino, Italy N2 - Over the past decades, research in room acoustics has established several derivative measures of an impulse response, some of which are incorporated in the ISO 3382 standards. These parameters intend to represent perceptual qualities, but were developed without a consistent modeling of room acoustical perception. More recent research proposed comprehensive inventories of room acoustic perception that are purely based on evaluations by human subjects, such as the Room Acoustical Quality Index (RAQI). In this work RAQI scores acquired for 70 room impulse responses were predicted from room acoustical parameters. Except for Reverberance, the prediction of RAQI factors performed rather poor. In most cases, the sound source had a greater impact on RAQI scores. All analyses are published in an online tool, where users can upload omnidirectional and binaural impulse responses, and instantly obtain and visualize several physical descriptors, as well as predicted RAQI scores for three different sound sources. So far, acceptable prediction accuracy is achieved for Reverberance, Strength, Irregular Decay, Clarity and Intimacy. Larger data sets of evaluated impulse responses are required to improve the model performance and enable reliable predictions of room acoustical quality. Therefore, the administration of RAQI evaluations within the website is currently being developed. KW - Raumakustik KW - Konzertsaal KW - Webanwendung Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-47929 SN - 978-88-88942-67-4 SN - 2221-3767 SP - 1647 EP - 1654 PB - European Acoustics Association CY - Turin, Italy ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Versümer, Siegbert A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - Weinzierl, Stefan T1 - Day-to-day loudness assessments of indoor soundscapes: Exploring the impact of loudness indicators, person, and situation JF - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America N2 - This study investigates loudness perception in real-world contexts using predictors related to the sound, situation, or person. In the study, 105 participants recorded 6594 sound environments in their homes, which were then evaluated based on the Experience Sampling Method. Hierarchical linear regressions using a loudness level based on ISO 532-1 allowed for obtaining the best model fits for predicting perceived loudness and explaining the highest variance. LAeq and LAF5 provided comparable results and may require less computational effort. However, the analysis shows that only one-third of the variance explained by fixed effects was attributable to the loudness level. Sixteen percent stemmed from perceived properties of the soundscape; 1% were attributable to relatively temporally stable, person-related predictors like participants' age; non-auditory situational predictors made no additional contribution. The results thus did not confirm previous findings on loudness perception under laboratory conditions, emphasizing the importance of the situational context. Along with the current paper, a comprehensive dataset, including the assessed person-related, situational, and sound-related measures as well as LAeq time-series and third-octave spectrograms, is provided to enable further research on sound perception, indoor soundscapes, and emotion. KW - Lautwahrnehmung KW - Akustische Eigenschaft KW - Hörschädigung KW - Lautstärke KW - Audiometrie KW - Sonogramm KW - Regressionsanalyse KW - Gauß-Prozess KW - Auditory perception KW - Acoustical properties KW - Hearing impairment KW - Loudness perception KW - Audiometry KW - Acoustic noise control KW - Spectrograms KW - Acoustic ecology KW - Regression analysis KW - Gaussian processes Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46127 SN - 0001-4966 VL - 153 IS - 5 SP - 2956 EP - 2972 PB - Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Van Rießen, Anne A1 - Thissen, Julia A1 - Knopp, Reinhold T1 - A note on the Düsseldorfer Model for counting homeless people in a German city JF - International Journal of Population Studies N2 - This article describes the Düsseldorfer Model which was developed for the city’s homeless census in 2021. It allows focusing on the number as well as living situations of homeless people with the objective of analyzing their needs to derive concrete recommendations for action. A complete quantitative count of homeless people in the city on a key date was performed according to principles developed together with the actors of the homeless support system in Düsseldorf. Beyond that, qualitative interviews afforded insights into the living situation of homeless people from the user’s perspective. Along with the research methodology, major results are briefly presented in the article, followed by an outlook with recommendations for action. KW - Obdachlosigkeit KW - Düsseldorf KW - Obdachlosenhilfe Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46647 SN - 2424-8606 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 58 EP - 68 PB - AccScience ER - TY - THES A1 - Thielen, Sven T1 - Investigating JackTrip's Software Architecture: A Case Study On Prominent Reasons For Architectural Erosion In Open Source Software Originating From Academia N2 - Sustainable software architecture is crucial for the success of an evolving system that is affected by its context and environment. However, deviations between software design and implementation are often uncontrolled and induce architectural erosion. The literature describes several symptoms and observes this phenomenon in open source software. Prominent reasons for the occurrence of architectural erosion include a rushed evolution, recurring changes, a lack of developers' awareness, time pressures, and the accumulation of design decisions. Architectural erosion is also prevalent in academic projects, but it still needs to be researched in-depth in a real-life setting. In this work, a single case study investigates the symptoms and reasons for architectural erosion in open source software originating from academia by employing a mixed-methods approach. Architectural metrics from a static code analysis using ARCADE Core are contrasted with developers' perspectives sourced from semistructured interviews. The investigated project is JackTrip, a cross-platform application for realtime networked music performances and Internet reverberation research. The first research question aims at assessing the trend of structural symptoms for architectural erosion in JackTrip. The results show a significant increase in link overload smells in the course of the evolution, which reached 11 as of version 1.6.2. This supports the developers' perception of a rushed evolution corresponding to the second research question, which asks to what extent prominent causes for architectural erosion apply. Additionally, the interview data evince time constraints related to tight research funding and the commercialization of the project. Research question 3 investigates how the academic environment and the problem domain relate to the symptoms and reasons for architecture erosion. It has been found that these influences shape the development approach and impact contributor selection. In relation to a certain inexperience and lack of commitment of open source developers as a reason for architectural erosion, the results suggest further studies and opt for ending the discussion regarding skills. Currently, the role of an architect or dedicated architectural work does not seem to be present in the JackTrip project. However, structural issues described in this work should not be considered as categorical statements about its software architecture as they would need to be confirmed on a code level. KW - Software Architecture KW - Architecture Erosion KW - Software Evolution KW - Academic Software KW - Open Source Software Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-44153 PB - Hochschule Düsseldorf CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Struwe, Julian A1 - Wrede, Holger A1 - Vennegeerts, Hendrik T1 - Validation Aspects for Grid-Forming Converters Based on System Characteristics and Inertia Impact JF - Energies N2 - Grid-forming converters are considered a key technology for electrical grids with a high share of renewable energy. However, there is a lack of a general, robust and verifiable definition of what constitutes this behaviour. Therefore, this paper presents three simple scenarios that enable such a definition. They are based on simple black-box simulations that allow manufacturers to protect their development work. It can be shown that grid forming can be clearly distinguished from grid-following controls by their grid behaviour in the proposed scenarios. Extensive results illustrate this and also provide suggestions to deepen the understanding of grid-forming grid behaviour and its impact on system inertia. These findings should inspire the development of a clear definition and ultimately new requirements for converter systems. KW - Stromrichter KW - Elektrizitätsversorgungsnetz KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Netzregelung Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-48751 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 16 IS - 21 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stein, Nora A1 - Kursawe, Janet A1 - Köhler, Denis T1 - Contesting State-Led Patriarchy—The Drivers, Demands and Dynamics of Women’s Participation in the Gezi Uprisings in Turkey 2013 JF - Societies N2 - The Gezi Park protests in Istanbul (Türkiye) gained worldwide attention in 2013. Both men and women took part in the protests, which were heavily cracked down on by the government. The present study examined 273 Turkish women’s attitudes and motivations for taking part in the protests. The results show that the following variables had a significant impact on protest participation: lifestyle threats posed by religious values/norms and by the government; feelings of marginalization as a woman; political dissatisfaction; gender discrimination; and affiliations with feminism. Regarding the impact of attitudes on women’s political participation and discrimination, this study provides insights into the state of research on gender discrimination and feministic identity. KW - Gezi Park protest KW - gender discrimination KW - feministic identity KW - female participation KW - Gezi-Proteste KW - FBSK_Webseite Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46020 SN - 2075-4698 VL - 13 IS - 12 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Steffens, Jochen A1 - Weinzierl, Stefan ED - Astolfi, Arianna ED - Asdrubali, Francesco ED - Shtrepi, Louena T1 - Noise for dinner - Towards a comprehensive statistical model of the acoustical and overall quality of restaurants T2 - Proceedings of the 10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association Forum Acusticum 2023, September 11 - 15, 2023,Torino, Italy N2 - Studies on noise in restaurants have shown a multitude of potential negative effects, for example related to mood, overall satisfaction, intended revisit, the ability to communicate and the actual behaviour in the room. In this paper, we investigated the complex interplay between room acoustics, soundscape evaluation, non-acoustical aspects of a restaurant visit and overall restaurant quality. Based on acoustical measurements and reports from 142 persons visiting 12 restaurants in Berlin, we propose a structural equation model including both acoustical and non- acoustical factors and yielding a good overall fit. The model, for instance, suggests that the A-weighted sound level negatively impacts the assessment of overall restaurant quality, while the effect of soundscape pleasantness on overall restaurant quality is mediated by the restaurant’s perceived atmosphere. Moreover, the reverberation time was found to be effective predominantly through its effect on sound strength, which leads patrons to increasingly raise their speech level to ensure intelligibility. These results thus emphasize the need to design actively the restaurant’s acoustical atmosphere beyond pure loudness reduction which involves a specific trade-off between comfort and liveliness, depending on the desired character of the place. KW - European Acoustics Association KW - Raumakustik KW - Restaurant Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-47908 SN - 978-88-88942-67-4 SN - 2221-3767 SP - 3325 EP - 3327 PB - European Acoustics Association CY - Turin, Italy ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schultz, Laura T1 - Methods of Political Influence of Weak Interests Using the Example of the Reform Process of the Bundesteilhabegesetz (Federal Participation Act) JF - Journal of Policy Practice and Research KW - Reform process KW - Participation KW - Weak interests KW - Germany KW - Power resources KW - Lobbying Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-40488 SN - 2662-1517 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schröder, Joachim ED - Borggräfe, Henning ED - Jah, Akim T1 - Forced Accommodation for Jews in the Context of the Deportations at the Düsseldorf Abattoir (1939–1944) T2 - Deportations in the Nazi Era. Sources and Research N2 - During the period 1941 to 1944, the former Düsseldorf abattoir served as an assembly camp for almost 6,000 Jewish men, women and children from the administrative district of Düsseldorf prior to their deportation. Their deportation was the end of a long process of disenfranchisement and social isolation, the penultimate stage of which was eviction from their own or rented housing and confinement in forced accommodation: a ‘Judenhaus’ (‘Jews house’, a tenement building where Jews were housed), communal accommodation or a camp. This paper investigates for the first time the background to and the process of ‘residential segregation’ in this region. It names the various actors of local municipal authorities and the NSDAP involved and uses examples to describe the situation faced by those who were persecuted. KW - Segregation (Soziologie) KW - Deportation KW - Nationalsozialismus KW - Regierungsbezirk Düsseldorf KW - Judenverfolgung Y1 - 2023 SN - 9783110746464 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110746464-014 VL - 2 SP - 229 EP - 248 PB - De Gruyter ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saffell, John A1 - Nehr, Sascha T1 - Improving Indoor Air Quality through Standardization JF - Standards N2 - Human beings experience a large fraction of their exposure to air pollutants in indoor environments. Air pollution is a large environmental health risk, and exposure to ambient air pollution and indoor air pollution contribute equally to the total number of fatalities worldwide. Although legislative authorities have established limit values for ambient outdoor air and stack emissions, there are inconsistent and variable national and regional limit values for gaseous substances and airborne particulate matter in the built environment (schools, homes, healthcare facilities, offices, and other public spaces). This lack of regulation is unsurprising, because indoor spaces are characterized by complex air chemistry, and their construction materials and types of activities vary significantly. The current understanding of indoor pollutants, including short-lived oxidants, degradation of VOCs, particle formation, and particle composition, is incomplete. It is necessary to identify and assess emerging pollutants and their toxicity, and to consider new consumer products and green construction materials and their impact on indoor air quality (IAQ). Learning from IAQ surveys and audit protocols, research methodologies should be regularized for cross-research comparisons. Some indoor air quality guidance and standards have been written, and several more are in development, with the international ISO 16000 series of indoor standards leading the way for improving indoor air data quality. The WHO has established some ambient air limit values which can mostly be translated into indoor limit values. The built environment needs to harmonize energy efficiency, thermal comfort and air quality standards and guidance. In this review, we discuss the next steps for improving international, regional and national standards and guidance, leading to better and more complete indoor air quality regulations. KW - indoor air quality KW - IAQ KW - air quality standards KW - air quality regulations KW - air quality guidance KW - indoor pollutants KW - IAQ survey KW - indoor air data quality KW - limit value KW - Luftreinhaltung Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/standards3030019 SN - 2305-6703 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 240 EP - 267 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rakow, Thomas C. A1 - Kless, André A1 - Hasler, Charlotte A1 - Knolle, Harm A1 - Faeskorn-Woyke, Heide A1 - Saatz, Inga Marina A1 - Lambert, Jens A1 - Focken, Mareike ED - König-Ries, Birgitta ED - Scherzinger, Stefanie ED - Lehner, Wolfgang ED - Vossen, Gottfried T1 - Developing OERs for Teaching Database Systems: A Two-Year Effort of Four Universities of Applied Sciences T2 - GI Edition Proceedings Band 331 "BTW 2023" : 6. - 10. März 2023 in Dreden KW - database systems KW - open educational resources KW - OER KW - higher education Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-40611 SN - 9783885797258 PB - Köllen CY - Bonn ER - TY - INPR A1 - Ptasczynski, Lena Esther A1 - Blättermann, Patrick A1 - Greb, Fabian A1 - Sterzer, Philipp A1 - Steffens, Jochen T1 - The vibe of musical and social reward: Listening to beat-based music acts as a surrogate for socioemotional support during the Covid-19 pandemic T2 - Research Square N2 - Music listening is subjectively efficient in surrogating socioemotional needs during the Covid-19 pandemic, although underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We here challenge the generalizability of music-based coping by testing whether the insufficient satisfaction of distinct needs during the first lockdown entails enhanced listening to beat-based music with medium complexity (BBMMC) stimulating the cortico-striatal reward circuit and triggering oxytocinergic propagation. A Quasi-Bayesian mediation analysis on open-source data revealed that, across 11 European countries, more severe social distancing measures evoke a decline in experienced social provision (SP), in turn provoking BBMMC preferences. The latter was best predicted by the SP dimensions of social reward and attachment, suggesting that the partial overlap in neurophysiological processing at dopaminergic and oxytocinergic sites enables BBMMC to specifically alleviate these socioemotional needs, which has important implications for the development of mental health interventions. Finally, a stress-alleviating effect of BBMMC was found pointing towards HPA-activity modulation through music listening. KW - Psychoakustik KW - COVID-19-Pandemie KW - Bewältigung KW - Soziales Bedürfnis KW - Emotionales Bedürfnis KW - Musikpsychologie KW - Psychische Gesundheit Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2529116/v1 PB - Research Square ET - v1 ER - TY - THES A1 - Obry, Yannick T1 - Music Streaming Adaption – Drivers of Behavioral Intention N2 - Music consumption and distribution has changed drastically in the last twenty years due to digitalization. Instead of buying music products, like CDs or even downloaded digital music files, today music is predominantly distributed via online music streaming. Therefore, it is mandatory for the music industry as well as researchers to determine which factors are affecting consumers intention to use music streaming services. This study aims to investigate drivers of Behavioral Intention (BI) to use a music streaming service. Particularly, aspects of social preferences in the context of music streaming will be explored. Therefore, a research model is created, based on the Value-based Adoption Model (VAM) (Kim et al., 2007) with an extension to take social factors into account. An online questionnaire with 102 participants was conducted to test the research model and the corresponding hypotheses. In order to evaluate reliable indications, some adjustments needed to be made resulting in a corrected research model. The final independent variables of the corrected model are Perceived Value (PV) (which is composed of Perceived Usefulness (PU) and Perceived Enjoyment (PE)), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Perceived Price Value (PPV), Facilitating Conditions (FC), Perceived Fairness (PF), Social Connectivity (SC), and Peer-Effects (PFX). The empirical results show that Perceived Value (PV), Perceived Price Value (PPV), and Perceived Fairness (PF) are determinants of consumers Behavioral Intention (BI) to use a music streaming service. KW - Bachelor KW - SoSe23 Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-41326 CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nehr, Sascha A1 - Jäckel, Simon T1 - Successful Innovation Transfer through Pre-Standardization: A Case Study JF - Standards N2 - This study presents an approach to structure, analyze and evaluate corporate standardization processes using the example of pre-standardization for the reduction of environmental impacts in product design and development. For this purpose, we give a detailed description of the evolution of the European Standard EN 16524 entitled “Mechanical products—Methodology for reduction of environmental impacts in product design and development”. The standardization strategy behind the evolution of EN 16524 is analyzed using the approach of a Business Model Canvas combined with an evaluation using pre-defined success factors. Moreover, we derive general recommendations for corporate standardization professionals in checklists for each field of the underlying Business Model Canvas. With regard to the case study depicted here, we come to the conclusion that pre-standards are especially suited for innovation transfer in the field of emerging and rapidly evolving scientific and technical results. KW - standardization strategies KW - pre-standards KW - success factors KW - Business Model Canvas KW - environmental impact KW - Luftreinhaltung Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/standards3010004 SN - 2305-6703 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 42 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nehr, Sascha A1 - Duarte, Regina M. B. O. A1 - Almeida, Antoine S. A1 - Baus, Lukas A1 - Bergmann, Karl-Christian T1 - Assessing the relevance of allergenic pollen in indoor environments—current knowledge base and research needs JF - Allergo Journal International N2 - SummaryAirborne pollen allergens—a relevant component of bioaerosols and, therefore, of airborne particulate matter—are considered an important metric in air quality assessments. Although the measurement of airborne pollen allergen concentrations in outdoor environments (namely, in urban areas) has been recognized as a key environmental health indicator, no such obligation exists for indoor environments (dwellings or occupational settings). However, people spend most of their daily time (80–90%) indoors, where the majority of their exposure to air pollution, including pollen allergens, occurs. Nonetheless, the relative importance of airborne pollen allergen exposure indoors differs from outdoors because of differences in pollen loads, sources, dispersion, and degree of penetration from the outdoor surroundings, as well as the differences in the allergenic pollen profiles. In this brief review, we mined the literature over the last 10 years to summarize what existing measurements reveal about the relevance of airborne allergenic pollen in indoor environments. The research priorities on this topic are presented, highlighting the challenges and the motivations for obtaining pollen data in built environments which are key to understand the extent and mechanisms of human exposure to airborne pollen allergens. Thus, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the relevance of airborne allergenic pollen in indoor environments, highlighting knowledge gaps and research needs related to their health effects. KW - standardization strategies KW - pre-standards KW - success factors KW - Business Model Canvas KW - environmental impact KW - Luftreinhaltung Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40629-023-00251-y SN - 2197-0378 VL - 32 IS - 6 SP - 167 EP - 175 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Munnich, Patrick A1 - Dederichs, Stefanie A1 - Klein, Paula A1 - Bruno Figura, Carl T1 - Speech Intelligibility: Lateral Lisp Detection for Real-Time Monitoring JF - Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering N2 - Correcting lisps in speech can prove to be of great difficulty to many, as they may be unaware of whether they are lisping. To help those affected, we have developed a simple algorithm for the real-time identification of the sigmatismus lateralis in ”S” sounds within speech via analysis in the frequency domain. The algorithm identifies peaks within the lisp’s frequency band after calibration. A frequency band of 3000-4000 Hz has been identified to be generally accurate for lisp and 2500-3000 Hz for the correct pronunciation for a single male test subject. The algorithm splits given speech recordings into smaller segments and compares the number of lisps and non-lisps detected in these segments to categorize. From tests, it was concluded that a segment length of 0.5 s produces the best results. The algorithm does not detect every lisp section, however it does not raise false positives. Our implementation in Julia with multi-threaded per-file analysis is able to analyze 20 files of lengths between 5 s and 10 s within 0.21 s on a Qualcomm Snapdragon 860 smartphone chipset, meaning analysis is far faster than real-time. The proposed algorithm is a simple prototype algorithm capable of realtime analysis of audio in the frequency domain to identify whether lateral lisps are the dominant sibilant pronunciation in a given window. The method was only tested for a single test subject. However, a calibration algorithm capable of adjusting parameters to new individuals is proposed. The algorithm itself should be easily expandable to identify other speech impediments. KW - Lispeln KW - Signalverarbeitung Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-49407 SN - 2364-5504 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 283 EP - 286 PB - De Gruyter ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Magin, Melanie A1 - Stark, Birgit A1 - Jandura, Olaf A1 - Udris, Linards A1 - Riedl, Andreas A1 - Klein, Miriam A1 - Eisenegger, Mark A1 - Kösters, Raphael A1 - Hofstetter Furrer, Brigitte T1 - Seeing the Whole Picture. Towards a Multi-perspective Approach to News Content Diversity based on Liberal and Deliberative Models of Democracy JF - Journalism Studies N2 - By providing diverse news content, news media are key for a well- functioning public sphere. However, agreement on how to measure news content diversity is lacking. Research often refers to democratic theory as normative reference point, but different models of democracy understand news content diversity differently. Our study makes a unique, innovative contribution to this field: (1) We develop a methodological framework for measuring news content diversity, that is a set of comprehensive measuring instruments that derive different operationalizations of topic and actor diversity each from liberal and deliberative democratic theories. (2) Considering that a good public discourse requires more than diversity, we analyze news content diversity in the context of four other journalistic standards: neutrality, rationality, discursivity, and civility. (3) We prove the applicability of our measuring instruments by means of a standardized content analysis of six German news media as a case study. The different quality profiles of these outlets our analysis reveals are explained by their different functions in the media system. Our study shows how important a multi-perspectival normative approach to news content diversity is, both empirically and theoretically. Future studies on news content diversity should make their normative foundations transparent and derive their indicators purposefully therefrom. KW - Demokratie KW - Massenmedien KW - Inhaltsanalyse KW - Journalismus KW - news content diversity KW - democratic theory KW - standardized content analysis KW - journalistic standards KW - media performance KW - journalistic quality Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2023.2178248 SN - 1461-670X VL - 24 IS - 5 SP - 669 EP - 696 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Jandura, Olaf A1 - Weinmann, Carina ED - Ziegele, Marc ED - Kümpel, Anna Sophie ED - Dienlin, Tobias T1 - Greater Confusion in the Voter Market in Germany: Differences Between Subjective and Value-Based Categorization on the Left-Right Axis T2 - Jahrestagung der DGPuK-Fachgruppe Rezeptions- und Wirkungsforschung 2022: Tagungsband N2 - In den letzten Jahren war häufig von einem Rechtsruck in der Gesellschaft die Rede (O. Decker et al., 2016). Bevölkerungsrepräsentative Umfragedaten belegen diese These jedoch nicht. Weder die Allgemeine Bevölkerungsumfrage der Sozialwissenschaften (ALLBUS) noch der European Social Survey zeigen für die letzten Jahrzehnte signifikante Veränderungen in der Selbstpositionierung der Befragten auf der Links-Rechts-Skala. Dies wirft die Frage auf, ob es sich bei dem behaupteten gesellschaftlichen Rechtsruck um ein soziologisches Wahrnehmungsphänomen handelt, das durch die intensive öffentliche Debatte verstärkt wird, oder ob Zweifel an der Validität der politischen Selbstpositionierung auf der Links-Rechts-Skala angebracht sind. Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich mit der letzteren Frage. Unsere Analysen ergaben, dass bei 31 % der Befragten in unserer Stichprobe eine Divergenz zwischen der subjektiven Positionierung auf der Links-Rechts-Skala und einer wertbezogenen Positionierung besteht. Wir erörtern, welche Variablen diese Divergenz erklären können und welche Konsequenzen daraus für die kommunikationswissenschaftliche Forschung gezogen werden können. N2 - In recent years, there has been frequent talk of a shift to the right in society (O. Decker et al., 2016). However, population-representative survey data do not substantiate this thesis, with neither the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) nor the European Social Survey showing any significant changes in respondents’ self-positioning on the left-right axis over the past decades. This raises the question of whether the purported societal shift to the right is a sociological perceptual phenomenon that is magnified due to intense public debate, or whether doubts about the validity of the question on political self-positioning on the left-right scale are warranted. The present article addresses the latter issue. Our analyses revealed a divergence between subjective positioning on the left-right axis and value-based positioning for 31% of respondents in our sample. We further discuss which variables may explain this divergence and what consequences can be drawn for research in communication science. KW - left-right scale KW - subjective positioning KW - value-based positioning KW - political values KW - Links-Rechts-Skala KW - subjektive Positionierung KW - wertbasierte Positionierung KW - politische Werte KW - Politische Einstellung Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-56419 SP - 75 EP - 92 PB - SSOAR CY - Düsseldorf ER -