TY - CHAP A1 - Rattay, Oliver A1 - Geiger, Christian A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Goebbels, Gernot A1 - Nikitin, Igor ED - Gausemeier, Jürgen ED - Grafe, Michael T1 - Zweihändige Interaktion in VR-Umgebungen T2 - Augmented & Virtual Reality in der Produktentstehung N2 - Einfach benutzbare VR-Anwendungen erfordern andere Interaktionstechniken als konventionelle Desktop-Anwendungen mit Maus, Tastatur und Desktop-Metapher zur Verfügung stellen. Da solche Ansätze in Konzeption und Realisierung deutlicher komplexer sind, müssen diese mit Sorgfalt ausgewählt werden. Folgt man der Argumentation, dass VR eine natürliche Interaktion mit virtuellen Objekten ermöglicht, so führt dies fast zwangsläufig zu zweihändigen Interaktionstechniken für virtuelle Umgebungen, da Benutzer in realen Umgebungen gewohnt sind, fast ausschlieï‚lich zweihändig zu agieren. In diesem Beitrag geben wir eine Übersicht über den Stand der Technik im Bereich zweihändiger Interaktion, leiten Anforderungen an eine Entwicklung zweihändiger Interaktionstechniken in VR ab und beschreiben einen eigenen Ansatz. Dabei geht es um die zweihändige Interaktion bei der Simulation flexibler biegeschlaffer Bauteile (z. B. Schlauchverbindungen). KW - 3D Interaktion KW - Zweihändige Eingabe KW - Simulation biegeschlaffer Objekte KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3-939350-28-6 VL - 209 SP - 315 EP - 332 PB - Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn CY - Paderborn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ayten, Hüseyin A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Vonolfen, Wolfgang T1 - Visual Acceptance Evaluation of Soft Shadow Algorithms for Virtual TV Studios T2 - HC '10 Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Humans and Computers N2 - Shadows in computer graphics are an important rendering aspect for spatial objects. For realtime computer applications such as games, it is essential to represent shadows as accurate as possible. Also, various tv stations work with virtual studio systems instead of real studio sets. Especially for those systems, a realistic impression of the rendered and mixed scene is important. One challenge, hence, is the creation of a natural shadow impression. This paper presents the results of an empirical study to compare the performance and quality of different shadow mapping methods. For this test, a prototype studio renderer was developed. A percentage closer filter (pcf) with a number of specific resolutions is used to minimize the aliasing issue. More advanced algorithms which generate smooth shadows like the percentage closer soft shadow (pcss) method as well as the variance shadow maps (vsm) method are analysed. Different open source apis are used to develop the virtual studio renderer, giving the benefit of permanent enhancement. The Ogre 3D graphic engine is used to implement the rendering system, benefiting from various functions and plugins. The transmission of the tracking data is accomplished with the vrpn server/client and the Intersense api. The different shadow algorithms are compared in a virtual studio environment which also casts real shadows and thus gives a chance for a direct comparison throughout the empirical user study. The performance is measured in frames per secon KW - Virtual (TV) Studio KW - soft shadow KW - realtime rendering KW - augmented reality KW - algorithmus KW - FHD KW - experimentation KW - verification KW - VSVR Y1 - 2010 UR - https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1994505 SP - 66 EP - 71 PB - University of Aizu Press CY - Aizu-Wakamatsu ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klapdohr, Monika A1 - Wöldecke, Björn A1 - Marinos, Dionysios A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Geiger, Christian A1 - Vonolfen, Wolfgang T1 - Vibrotactile Pitfalls: Arm Guidance for Moderators in Virtual TV Studios T2 - HC '10 Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Humans and Computers N2 - For this study, an experimental vibrotactile feedback system was developed to help actors with the task of moving their arm to a certain place in a virtual tv studio under live conditions. Our intention is to improve interaction with virtual objects in a virtual set, which are usually not directly visible to the actor, but only on distant displays. Vibrotactile feedback might improve the appearance on tv because an actor is able to look in any desired direction (camera or virtual object) or to read text on a teleprompter while interacting with a virtual object. Visual feedback in a virtual studio lacks spatial relation to the actor, which impedes the adjustment of the desired interaction. The five tactors of the implemented system which are mounted on the tracked arm give additional information like collision, navigation and activation. The user study for the developed system shows that the duration for reaching a certain target is much longer in case no visual feedback is given, but the accuracy is similar. In this study, subjects reported that an activation signal indicating the arrival at the target of a drag & drop task was helpful. In this paper, we discuss the problems we encountered while developing such a vibrotactile display. Keeping these pitfalls in mind could lead to better feedback systems for actors in virtual studio environments. KW - vibrotactile feedback KW - Virtual (TV) Studio KW - augmented reality KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2010 UR - https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1994506 SP - 72 EP - 80 PB - University of Aizu Press CY - Aizu-Wakamatsu ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Wörzberger, Ralf A1 - Juttner, Carsten A1 - Twelker, Uwe ED - Gausemeier, Jürgen ED - Grafe, Michael T1 - Verwendung von Grafikkarten-Prozessoren (GPUs) für eine interaktive Produktvisualisierung in Echtzeit unter Verwendung von Shadern und Videotexturen T2 - Augmented and Virtual Reality in der Produktentstehung N2 - Die Visualisierung von Produkten in Echtzeit ist in vielen Bereichen ein hilfreicher Schritt, um potentiellen Kunden eine Vorstellung vom Einsatzgebiet und einen Überblick über die finale Anwendung zu erlauben. In den letzten Jahren haben neue Technologien in der Grafikkartenindustrie dazu geführt, dass früher nur auf teuren Grafikworkstations verfügbare Möglichkeiten nun auch mit relativ kostengünstigen Karten, welche für den Einsatz in Standard-PCs konzipiert wurden, realisierbar sind. Es wird an einem Modellentwurf des Innenraums des People Cargo Movers gezeigt, wie die Beleuchtung innerhalb einer Echtzeitvisualisierung durch Shader realisiert werden kann. Als Lichtquelle wird dabei eine Landschaftsaufnahme herangezogen, welche als eine von mehreren Videotexturen eingebunden wurde. Außerdem werden real im virtuellen Studio gefilmte Personen im Innenraum gleichermaï‚en über Videotexturen dargestellt und ebenfalls durch die Landschaft beleuchtet. KW - 3D-Echtzeitrendering KW - GPU KW - shader KW - Video Texturen KW - virtual prototyping KW - Echtzeitanwendung KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2005 VL - 167 SP - 23 EP - 36 PB - Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn CY - Paderborn ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Wörzberger, Ralf A1 - Twelker, Uwe A1 - Albertz, Stefan T1 - Use of Virtual Environments in the Promotion and Evaluation of Architectural Designs JF - Journal of the 3D-Forum Society N2 - Virtual environments can create a realistic impression of an architectural space during the architectural design process, providing a powerful tool for evaluation and promotion during a project’s early stages. In comparison to pre-rendered animations, such as walkthroughs based on CAD models, virtual environments can offer intuitive interaction and a more life like experience. Advanced virtual environments allow users to change realtime rendering features with a few manipulations, switching between different versions while still maintaining sensory immersion. This paper reports on an experimental project in which architectural models are being integrated into interactive virtual environments, and includes demonstrations of both the possibilities and limitations of such applications in evaluating, presenting and promoting architectural designs. KW - virtual environments KW - architectural design KW - interactive walkthrough KW - design review KW - VSVR Y1 - 2002 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 117 EP - 122 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Brosda, Constantin A1 - Daemen, Jeff A1 - Djuderija, Sascha A1 - Joeres, Stephan A1 - Langer, Oleg A1 - Schweitzer, Andre A1 - Wilhelm, Andreas A1 - Herder, Jens T1 - TouchPlanVS Lite - A Tablet-based Tangible Multitouch Planning System for Virtual TV Studio Productions T2 - Proceedings of the 2012 Joint International Conference on Human-Centered Computer Environments N2 - This paper presents a mobile approach of integrating tangible user feedback in today’s virtual TV studio productions. We describe a tangible multitouch planning system, enabling a single user to prepare and customize scene flow and settings. Users can view and interact with virtual objects by using a tangible user interface on a capacitive multitouch surface. In a 2D setting created TV scenes are simultaneously rendered as separate view using a production/target renderer in 3D. Thereby the user experiences a closer reproduction of a final production and set assets can be reused. Subsequently, a user can arrange scenes on a timeline while maintaining different versions/sequences. The system consists of a tablet and a workstation, which does all application processing and rendering. The tablet is just an interface connected via wireless LAN. KW - virtual studio KW - planning tools KW - tangibles KW - capacitive touch screens KW - application streaming KW - VSVR KW - Virtual (TV) Studio Y1 - 2012 UR - https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=2160749.2160764 SN - 978-1-4503-1191-5 SP - 64 EP - 67 PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Brosda, Constantin A1 - Djuderija, Sascha A1 - Drochtert, Daniel A1 - Genc, Ömer A1 - Joeres, Stephan A1 - Kellerberg, Patrick A1 - Looschen, Simon A1 - Geiger, Christian A1 - Wöldecke, Björn T1 - TouchPlanVS - A Tangible Multitouch Planning System for Virtual TV Studio Productions T2 - 2011 IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces (3DUI) N2 - This article presents a new approach of integrating tangible user feedback in todays virtual TV studio productions. We describe a tangible multitouch planning system, enabling multiple users to prepare and customize scene flow and settings. Users can collaboratively view and interact with virtual objects by using a tangible user interface on a shared multitouch surface. The in a 2D setting created TV scenes are simultaneously rendered on an external monitor, using a production/target renderer in 3D. Thereby the user experiences a closer reproduction of a final production. Subsequently, users are able to join together the scenes into one complex plot. Within the developing process, a video prototype of the system shows the user interaction and enables early reviews and evaluations. The requirement analysis is based on expert interviews. KW - augmented KW - virtual realities KW - multimedia information systems KW - FHD KW - VSVR KW - Virtual (TV) Studio Y1 - 2011 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5759226 SN - 978-1-4577-0064-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/3DUI.2011.5759226 SP - 103 EP - 104 PB - IEEE CY - Singapore ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Cohen, Michael T1 - The Helical Keyboard: Perspectives for Spatial Auditory Displays and Visual Music JF - Journal of New Music Research N2 - Auditory displays with the ability to dynamically spatialize virtual sound sources under real-time conditions enable advanced applications for art and music. A listener can be deeply immersed while interacting and participating in the experience. We review some of those applications while focusing on the Helical Keyboard project and discussing the required technology. Inspired by the cyclical nature of octaves and helical structure of a scale, a model of a piano-style keyboard was prepared, which was then geometrically warped into a helicoidal configuration, one octave/revolution, pitch mapped to height and chroma. It can be driven by MIDI events, real-time or sequenced, which stream is both synthesized and spatialized by a spatial sound display. The sound of the respective notes is spatialized with respect to sinks, avatars of the human user, by default in the tube of the helix. Alternative coloring schemes can be applied, including a color map compatible with chromastereoptic eyewear. The graphical display animates polygons, interpolating between the notes of a chord across the tube of the helix. Recognition of simple chords allows directionalization of all the notes of a major triad from the position of its musical root. The system is designed to allow, for instance, separate audition of harmony and melody, commonly played by the left and right hands, respectively, on a normal keyboard. Perhaps the most exotic feature of the interface is the ability to fork oneís presence, replicating subject instead of object by installing multiple sinks at arbitrary places around a virtual scene so that, for example, harmony and melody can be separately spatialized, using two heads to normalize the octave; such a technique effectively doubles the helix from the perspective of a single listener. Rather than a symmetric arrangement of the individual helices, they are perceptually superimposed in-phase, co-extensively, so that corresponding notes in different registers are at the same azimuth. KW - 3D audio KW - virtual reality KW - computer music KW - spatialization KW - spatial media KW - visual music KW - VSVR Y1 - 2002 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 269 EP - 281 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Jaensch, Kai A1 - Horst, Bruno A1 - Novotny, Thomas ED - Gausemeier, Jürgen ED - Grafe, Michael T1 - Testmärkte in einer Virtuellen Umgebung - Die Bestimmung von Preisabsatzfunktionen zur Unterstützung des Innovationsmanagements T2 - Augmented and Virtual Reality in der Produktentstehung N2 - Multimediale Technologien werden in der Marktforschung immer stärker eingesetzt, um flexible und kostengünstige Studien durchzuführen. Im Innovationsprozess kann dabei auf die langjährigen Erfahrungen zurückgegriffen werden, die durch den Einsatz der Computersimulation in der technischen Produktentwicklung zustande gekommen sind. In sehr frühen Phasen des Innovationsprozesses können durch Einsatz der neuen Technologien die Markteinführungskonzepte für neue Produkte getestet werden. Die Applikationen der virtuellen Realität bieten ein einzigartiges Potential, neue Produkte einschlieï‚lich des Marketingkonzeptes zu testen, ohne dass dieses Produkt bereits physisch vorhanden sein muss. Am Beispiel eines Elementes des Marketingkonzeptes, der Preispolitik, zeigt die vorliegende Studie auf, welches Potential die virtuelle Kaufsituation von Produkten bietet. Der Fokus des Projektes liegt auf der interaktiven Produktpräsentation in einer virtuellen Umgebung, die in eine Online-Befragung mit zusätzlichen Werbefilmen eingebettet ist. Visuell hochwertige 3D-Produktpräsentationen versetzen den Probanden in eine virtuelle Einkaufsumgebung, die einem realen Szenario entspricht. Die virtuellen Produkte werden in mehreren Kaufentscheidungsrunden zu unterschiedlichen Preisen angeboten. Der Preisuntersuchung geht eine Präsentation ausgewählter Werbespots sowie eine produktbezogene Befragung voraus. Im Anschluss an die virtuellen Preisentscheidungen werden die Eindrücke sowie einige Kontrollgröen abgefragt. In weitergehenden Studien dieser Art können die Wirkungen mehrerer Marketing-Instrumente zu einem Zeitpunkt untersucht werden, in dem sich die Produkte noch im Entwicklungsprozess befinden. Auf diesem Weg lassen sich auch Wettbewerbsvorteile bestehender Produkte effizienter erkennen und nutzen. Mit den hoch entwickelten Computer- und Visualisierungstechnologien ist ein mächtiges Werkzeug entstanden, das bereits für kommerzielle Präsentationen und Produktstudien eingesetzt wird. Zukünftig kann es auch in Kombination mit Internetanwendungen und klassischen Methoden der Marktforschung zu einem sehr frühen Zeitpunkt umfassende Erkenntnisse über ein Produkt liefern. KW - Virtuelle Umgebungen KW - 3D-Rendering KW - Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation KW - Innovationsmanagement KW - Preisabsatzfunktion KW - Testmarkt KW - Produkttest KW - Markteinführungskonzept KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2004 SN - 3-935433-58-1 VL - 149 SP - 97 EP - 110 PB - Heinz Nixdorf Institut, Universität Paderborn CY - Paderborn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wöldecke, Björn A1 - Vierjahn, Tom A1 - Flasko, Matthias A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Geiger, Christian T1 - Steering actors through a virtual set employing vibro-tactile feedback T2 - TEI '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Tangible and Embedded Interaction N2 - Actors in virtual studio productions are faced with the challenge that they have to interact with invisible virtual objects because these elements are rendered separately and combined with the real image later in the production process. Virtual sets typically use static virtual elements or animated objects with predefined behavior so that actors can practice their performance and errors can be corrected in the post production. With the demand for inexpensive live recording and interactive TV productions, virtual objects will be dynamically rendered at arbitrary positions that cannot be predicted by the actor. Perceptive aids have to be employed to support a natural interaction with these objects. In our work we study the effect of haptic feedback for a simple form of interaction. Actors are equipped with a custom built haptic belt and get vibrotactile feedback during a small navigational task (path following). We present a prototype of a wireless vibrotactile feedback device and a small framework for evaluating haptic feedback in a virtual set environment. Results from an initial pilot study indicate that vibrotactile feedback is a suitable non-visual aid for interaction that is at least comparable to audio-visual alternatives used in virtual set productions. KW - tactile feedback KW - interaction in virtual sets KW - navigation aids KW - FHD KW - VSVR KW - Virtual (TV) Studio Y1 - 2009 UR - https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1517703 SN - 978-1-60558-493-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/1517664.1517703 SP - 169 EP - 174 PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Simsch, Jonathan A1 - Herder, Jens ED - Chisik, Yoram T1 - SpiderFeedback - Visual Feedback for Orientation in Virtual TV Studios T2 - ACE'14, 11th Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology Conference, ACM, Funchal, Portugal N2 - A visual and spatial feedback system for orientation in virtual sets of virtual TV studios was developed and evaluated. It is based on a green proxy object, which moves around in the acting space by way of four transparent wires. A separate unit controls four winches and is connected to an engine, which renders the virtual set. A new developed plugin registers a virtual object’s position with the proxy object which imitates the virtual object’s movement on stage. This will allow actors to establish important eye contact with a virtual object and feel more comfortable in a virtual set. Furthermore, interaction with the virtual object and its proxy can be realised through a markerless actor tracking system. Several possible scenarios for user application were recorded and presented to experts in the broadcast industry, who evaluated the potential of SpiderFeedback in interviews and by questionnaires. KW - Mixed reality KW - visual feedback KW - stage flight system KW - presentation assistance KW - VSVR KW - Virtual (TV) Studio Y1 - 2014 UR - https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=2663806.2663830 SN - 978-1-4503-2945-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2663806.2663830 N1 - Sie haben Zugriff auf den Volltext innerhalb des HSD Campus. PB - ACM CY - New York ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Novotny, Thomas T1 - Spatial Sound Design and Interaction for Virtual Environments in the Promotion of Architectural Designs T2 - Third International Workshop on Spatial Media N2 - Virtual environment walkthrough applications are generally enhanced by a user’s interactions within a simulated architectural space, but the enhancement that stems from changes in spatial sound that are coupled with a user’s behavior are particularly important, especially within regard to creating a sense of place. When accompanied by stereoscopic image synthesis, spatial sound can immerse the user in a high-realism virtual copy of the real world. An advanced virtual environment that allow users to change realtime rendering features with a few manipulations has been shown to enable switching between different versions of a modeled space while maintaining sensory immersion. This paper reports on an experimental project in which an architectural model is being integrated into such an interactive virtual environment. The focus is on the spatial sound design for supporting interaction, including demonstrations of both the possibilities and limitations of such applications in presenting and promoting architectural designs, as well as in three-dimensional sketching. KW - spatial sound design KW - sketching KW - interaction KW - virtual environments KW - architectural design KW - interactive walkthrough KW - design review KW - VSVR Y1 - 2003 SP - 7 EP - 11 CY - Aizu-Wakamatsu ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Garbe, Katharina A1 - Herbst, Iris A1 - Herder, Jens T1 - Spatial Audio for Augmented Reality T2 - 10th International Conference on Human and Computer N2 - Using spatial audio successfully for augmented reality (AR) applications is a challenge, but is awarded with an improved user experience. Thus, we have extended the AR/VR framework \sc Morgan with spatial audio to improve users orientation in an AR application. In this paper, we investigate the users’ capability to localize and memorize spatial sounds (registered with virtual or real objects). We discuss two scenarios. In the first scenario, the user localizes only sound sources and in the second scenario the user memorizes the location of audio-visual objects. Our results reflect spatial audio performance within the application domain and show which technology pitfalls still exist. Finally, we provide design recommendations for spatial audio AR environments. KW - spatial audio KW - augmented reality KW - sound interaction KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2007 SP - 53 EP - 58 CY - Düsseldorf, Aizu-Wakamatsu ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Struchholz, Holger A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Leckschat, Dieter T1 - Sound radiation simulation of musical instruments based on interpolation and filtering of multi-channel recordings JF - Journal of the 3D-Forum Society N2 - With the virtual environment developed here, the characteristic sound radiation patterns of musical instruments can be experienced in real-time. The user may freely move around a musical instrument, thereby receiving acoustic and visual feedback in real-time. The perception of auditory and visual effects is intensified by the combination of acoustic and visual elements, as well as the option of user interaction. The simulation of characteristic sound radiation patterns is based on interpolating the intensities of a multichannel recording and offers a near-natural mapping of the sound radiation patterns. Additionally, a simple filter has been developed, enabling the qualitative simulation of an instrument’s characteristic sound radiation patterns to be easily implemented within real-time 3D applications. Both methods of simulating sound radiation patterns have been evaluated for a saxophone with respect to their functionality and validity by means of spectral analysis and an auditory experiment. KW - sound radiation pattern KW - audio interpolation KW - audio filtering KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2006 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 41 EP - 47 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Wilke, Michael A1 - Heimbach, Julia A1 - Göbel, Sebastian A1 - Marinos, Dionysios T1 - Simple Actor Tracking for Virtual TV Studios Using a Photonic Mixing Device T2 - 12th International Conference on Human and Computer N2 - Virtual TV studios use actor tracking systems for resolving the occlusion of computer graphics and studio camera image. The actor tracking delivers the distance between actor and studio camera. We deploy a photonic mixing device, which captures a depth map and a luminance image at low resolution. The renderer engines gets one depth value per actor using the OSC protocol. We describe the actor recognition algorithm based on the luminance image and the depth value calculation. We discuss technical issues like noise and calibration. KW - actor tracking KW - photonic mixing device KW - virtual studio KW - video processing KW - FHD KW - VSVR Y1 - 2009 CY - Hamamatsu / Aizu-Wakamatsu / Düsseldorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wöldecke, Björn A1 - Marinos, Dionysios A1 - Pogscheba, Patrick A1 - Geiger, Christian A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Schwirten, Tobias T1 - radarTHEREMIN - Creating Musical Expressions in a Virtual Studio Environment T2 - 2011 IEEE International Symposium on VR Innovation N2 - In this paper we describe a prototypical system for live musical performance in a virtual studio environment. The performer stands in front of the studio camera and interacts with an infrared-laser-based multi-touch device. The final TV image shows the performer interacting with a virtual screen which is augmented in front of herself. To overcome the problem of the performer not seeing this virtual screen in reality, we use a special hexagonal grid to facilitate the performer's awareness of this novel Theremin-like virtual musical instrument. KW - multi-point interfaces KW - musical expression KW - virtual studio KW - VSVR KW - Virtual (TV) Studio Y1 - 2011 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5759671 SN - 978-1-4577-0055-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ISVRI.2011.5759671 SP - 345 EP - 346 PB - IEEE CY - Singapore ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Cohen, Michael A1 - Herder, Jens A1 - Martens, William T1 - Panel: Eartop computing and cyberspatial audio technology T2 - IEEE-VR2001: IEEE Virtual Reality KW - VSVR Y1 - 2001 SN - 0-7695-0948-7 SP - 322 EP - 323 PB - IEEE CY - Yokohama ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jens Herder, T1 - Optimization of Sound Spatialization Resource Management through Clustering JF - Journal of the 3D-Forum Society N2 - Level-of-detail is a concept well-known in computer graphics to reduce the number of rendered polygons. Depending on the distance to the subject (viewer), the objects’ representation is changed. A similar concept is the clustering of sound sources for sound spatialization. Clusters can be used to hierarchically organize mixelsand to optimize the use of resources, by grouping multiple sources together into a single representative source. Such a clustering process should minimize the error of position allocation of elements, perceived as angle and distance, and also differences between velocity relative to the sink (i.e., Doppler shift). Objects with similar direction of motion and speed (relative to sink) in the same acoustic resolution cone and with similar distance to a sink can be grouped together. KW - audio rendering KW - clustering, and human perception KW - Resource Management KW - Sound Spatialization KW - VSVR Y1 - 1999 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 59 EP - 65 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fiedler, Jannik A1 - Rilling, Stefan A1 - Bogen, Manfred A1 - Herder, Jens ED - Braz, José T1 - Multimodal interaction techniques in scientific data visualization: An analytical survey T2 - In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Computer Graphics Theory and Applications (GRAPP-2015) N2 - The interpretation process of complex data sets makes the integration of effective interaction techniques crucial. Recent work in the field of human-computer interaction has shown that there is strong evidence that multimodal user interaction, i.e. the integration of various input modalities and interaction techniques into one comprehensive user interface, can improve human performance when interacting with complex data sets. However, it is still unclear which factors make these user interfaces superior to unimodal user interfaces. The contribution of this work is an analytical comparison of a multimodal and a unimodal user interface for a scientific visualization application. We show that multimodal user interaction with simultaneously integrated speech and gesture input improves user performance regarding efficiency and ease of use. KW - Interaction KW - Mulitmodal KW - Interaction Techniques KW - 3-D Interaction KW - Immersive Environments KW - VSVR Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-989-758-087-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0005296404310437 SP - 431 EP - 437 PB - SCITEPRESS CY - s. l. ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Herder, Jens T1 - Matching Light for Virtual Studio TV Productions T2 - 9th International Conference on Human and Computer N2 - High dynamic range environments maps based on still images or video streams are used for computer animation or interactive systems. The task of realistic light setup of scenes using captured environment maps might be eased as well as the visual quality improves. In this article, we discuss the light setting problem for virtual studio (tv) layout and system become more complex to handle this new feature of studio light capturing. The analysis of system requirements identifies the technical challenges. KW - VSVR KW - Animation KW - Virtual (TV) Studio Y1 - 2006 SP - 158 EP - 162 CY - Aizu-Wakamatsu ER -