@article{WolfUlrichBraun2023, author = {Wolf, Dominik Werner and Ulrich, Markus and Braun, Alexander}, title = {Novel developments of refractive power measurement techniques in the automotive world}, series = {Metrologia}, volume = {60}, journal = {Metrologia}, number = {064001}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, issn = {1681-7575}, doi = {10.1088/1681-7575/acf1a4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-41484}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Refractive power measurements serve as the primary quality standard in the automotive glazing industry. In the light of autonomous driving new optical metrics are becoming more and more popular for specifying optical quality requirements for the windshield. Nevertheless, the link between those quantities and the refractive power needs to be established in order to ensure a holistic requirement profile for the windshield. As a consequence, traceable high-resolution refractive power measurements are still required for the glass quality assessment. Standard measurement systems using Moir{\´e} patterns for refractive power monitoring in the automotive industry are highly resolution limited, wherefore they are insufficient for evaluating the camera window area. Consequently, there is a need for more sophisticated refractive power measurement systems that provide a higher spatial resolution. In addition, a calibration procedure has to be developed in order to guarantee for comparability of the measurement results. For increasing the resolution, a measurement setup based on an auto-correlation algorithm is tested in this paper. Furthermore, a calibration procedure is established by using a single reference lens with a nominal refractive power of 100 km-1. For the calibration of the entire measurement range of the system, the lens is tilted by an inclination angle orthogonal to the optical axis. The effective refractive power is then given by the Kerkhof model. By adopting the measurement and calibration procedure presented in this paper, glass suppliers in the automotive industry will be able to detect relevant manufacturing defects within the camera window area more accurately paving the way for a holistic quality assurance of the windshield for future advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) functionalities. Concurrently, the traceability of the measurement results is ensured by establishing a calibration chain based on a single reference lens, which is traced back to international standards.}, language = {en} } @article{VersuemerSteffensWeinzierl2023, author = {Vers{\"u}mer, Siegbert and Steffens, Jochen and Weinzierl, Stefan}, title = {Day-to-day loudness assessments of indoor soundscapes: Exploring the impact of loudness indicators, person, and situation}, series = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, volume = {153}, journal = {The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America}, number = {5}, publisher = {Acoustical Society of America (ASA)}, issn = {0001-4966}, doi = {10.1121/10.0019413}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46127}, pages = {2956 -- 2972}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This study investigates loudness perception in real-world contexts using predictors related to the sound, situation, or person. In the study, 105 participants recorded 6594 sound environments in their homes, which were then evaluated based on the Experience Sampling Method. Hierarchical linear regressions using a loudness level based on ISO 532-1 allowed for obtaining the best model fits for predicting perceived loudness and explaining the highest variance. LAeq and LAF5 provided comparable results and may require less computational effort. However, the analysis shows that only one-third of the variance explained by fixed effects was attributable to the loudness level. Sixteen percent stemmed from perceived properties of the soundscape; 1\% were attributable to relatively temporally stable, person-related predictors like participants' age; non-auditory situational predictors made no additional contribution. The results thus did not confirm previous findings on loudness perception under laboratory conditions, emphasizing the importance of the situational context. Along with the current paper, a comprehensive dataset, including the assessed person-related, situational, and sound-related measures as well as LAeq time-series and third-octave spectrograms, is provided to enable further research on sound perception, indoor soundscapes, and emotion.}, subject = {Lautwahrnehmung}, language = {en} } @article{VanRiessenThissenKnopp2023, author = {Van Rießen, Anne and Thissen, Julia and Knopp, Reinhold}, title = {A note on the D{\"u}sseldorfer Model for counting homeless people in a German city}, series = {International Journal of Population Studies}, volume = {9}, journal = {International Journal of Population Studies}, number = {1}, publisher = {AccScience}, issn = {2424-8606}, doi = {10.36922/ijps.397}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46647}, pages = {58 -- 68}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This article describes the D{\"u}sseldorfer Model which was developed for the city's homeless census in 2021. It allows focusing on the number as well as living situations of homeless people with the objective of analyzing their needs to derive concrete recommendations for action. A complete quantitative count of homeless people in the city on a key date was performed according to principles developed together with the actors of the homeless support system in D{\"u}sseldorf. Beyond that, qualitative interviews afforded insights into the living situation of homeless people from the user's perspective. Along with the research methodology, major results are briefly presented in the article, followed by an outlook with recommendations for action.}, subject = {Obdachlosigkeit}, language = {en} } @article{StruweWredeVennegeerts2023, author = {Struwe, Julian and Wrede, Holger and Vennegeerts, Hendrik}, title = {Validation Aspects for Grid-Forming Converters Based on System Characteristics and Inertia Impact}, series = {Energies}, volume = {16}, journal = {Energies}, number = {21}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {10.3390/en16217357}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-48751}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Grid-forming converters are considered a key technology for electrical grids with a high share of renewable energy. However, there is a lack of a general, robust and verifiable definition of what constitutes this behaviour. Therefore, this paper presents three simple scenarios that enable such a definition. They are based on simple black-box simulations that allow manufacturers to protect their development work. It can be shown that grid forming can be clearly distinguished from grid-following controls by their grid behaviour in the proposed scenarios. Extensive results illustrate this and also provide suggestions to deepen the understanding of grid-forming grid behaviour and its impact on system inertia. These findings should inspire the development of a clear definition and ultimately new requirements for converter systems.}, subject = {Stromrichter}, language = {en} } @article{SteinKursaweKoehler2023, author = {Stein, Nora and Kursawe, Janet and K{\"o}hler, Denis}, title = {Contesting State-Led Patriarchy—The Drivers, Demands and Dynamics of Women's Participation in the Gezi Uprisings in Turkey 2013}, series = {Societies}, volume = {13}, journal = {Societies}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2075-4698}, doi = {10.3390/soc13120258}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-46020}, year = {2023}, abstract = {The Gezi Park protests in Istanbul (T{\"u}rkiye) gained worldwide attention in 2013. Both men and women took part in the protests, which were heavily cracked down on by the government. The present study examined 273 Turkish women's attitudes and motivations for taking part in the protests. The results show that the following variables had a significant impact on protest participation: lifestyle threats posed by religious values/norms and by the government; feelings of marginalization as a woman; political dissatisfaction; gender discrimination; and affiliations with feminism. Regarding the impact of attitudes on women's political participation and discrimination, this study provides insights into the state of research on gender discrimination and feministic identity.}, subject = {Gezi-Proteste}, language = {en} } @article{SkalskaGormanns2023, author = {Skalska, Agata and Gormanns, Yvonne}, title = {Die Perspektiven der Kinder in der „Kleinen Rundschau": Korczaks Zeitung f{\"u}r Kinder und Jugendliche von 1926-1939}, series = {Fr{\"u}he Bildung}, volume = {12}, journal = {Fr{\"u}he Bildung}, number = {3}, publisher = {Hogrefe}, issn = {2191-9186}, doi = {10.1026/2191-9186/a000625}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-44884}, pages = {128 -- 136}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Die von Janusz Korczak (eigentlich Henryk Goldszmit) in den Jahren 1926-1939 in Polen herausgebrachte Zeitung Kleine Rundschau von und f{\"u}r Kinder und Jugendliche (poln. Mały Przegląd) war ein w{\"o}chentlich erscheinendes Medium, das nicht nur in der damaligen Zeit dazu beitrug, den Stimmen von Kindern Geh{\"o}r zu verschaffen, ihnen eine M{\"o}glichkeit zu geben sich auszudr{\"u}cken und sich gegenseitig zu verbinden, sondern ist auch heute noch eine bedeutende Ressource, in der die Perspektiven von Kindern der damaligen Zeit sichtbar werden. Die Kinder positionieren sich als kompetente Wissende und als Expertinnen und Experten ihrer Lebenswelt. Themen{\"u}bergreifend explizieren sie ein Wissen {\"u}ber sozial-konstruierte Ordnungen und eine Differenz entlang sozial-zeitlicher Lebensphasen in Verbindung mit unterschiedlichen Rechten und Pflichten.}, language = {de} } @article{Schultz2023, author = {Schultz, Laura}, title = {Methods of Political Influence of Weak Interests Using the Example of the Reform Process of the Bundesteilhabegesetz (Federal Participation Act)}, series = {Journal of Policy Practice and Research}, journal = {Journal of Policy Practice and Research}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {2662-1517}, doi = {10.1007/s42972-022-00073-2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:due62-opus-40488}, pages = {1 -- 14}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{SaffellNehr2023, author = {Saffell, John and Nehr, Sascha}, title = {Improving Indoor Air Quality through Standardization}, series = {Standards}, volume = {3}, journal = {Standards}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2305-6703}, doi = {10.3390/standards3030019}, pages = {240 -- 267}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Human beings experience a large fraction of their exposure to air pollutants in indoor environments. Air pollution is a large environmental health risk, and exposure to ambient air pollution and indoor air pollution contribute equally to the total number of fatalities worldwide. Although legislative authorities have established limit values for ambient outdoor air and stack emissions, there are inconsistent and variable national and regional limit values for gaseous substances and airborne particulate matter in the built environment (schools, homes, healthcare facilities, offices, and other public spaces). This lack of regulation is unsurprising, because indoor spaces are characterized by complex air chemistry, and their construction materials and types of activities vary significantly. The current understanding of indoor pollutants, including short-lived oxidants, degradation of VOCs, particle formation, and particle composition, is incomplete. It is necessary to identify and assess emerging pollutants and their toxicity, and to consider new consumer products and green construction materials and their impact on indoor air quality (IAQ). Learning from IAQ surveys and audit protocols, research methodologies should be regularized for cross-research comparisons. Some indoor air quality guidance and standards have been written, and several more are in development, with the international ISO 16000 series of indoor standards leading the way for improving indoor air data quality. The WHO has established some ambient air limit values which can mostly be translated into indoor limit values. The built environment needs to harmonize energy efficiency, thermal comfort and air quality standards and guidance. In this review, we discuss the next steps for improving international, regional and national standards and guidance, leading to better and more complete indoor air quality regulations.}, language = {en} } @article{NehrJaeckel2023, author = {Nehr, Sascha and J{\"a}ckel, Simon}, title = {Successful Innovation Transfer through Pre-Standardization: A Case Study}, series = {Standards}, volume = {3}, journal = {Standards}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2305-6703}, doi = {10.3390/standards3010004}, pages = {31 -- 42}, year = {2023}, abstract = {This study presents an approach to structure, analyze and evaluate corporate standardization processes using the example of pre-standardization for the reduction of environmental impacts in product design and development. For this purpose, we give a detailed description of the evolution of the European Standard EN 16524 entitled "Mechanical products—Methodology for reduction of environmental impacts in product design and development". The standardization strategy behind the evolution of EN 16524 is analyzed using the approach of a Business Model Canvas combined with an evaluation using pre-defined success factors. Moreover, we derive general recommendations for corporate standardization professionals in checklists for each field of the underlying Business Model Canvas. With regard to the case study depicted here, we come to the conclusion that pre-standards are especially suited for innovation transfer in the field of emerging and rapidly evolving scientific and technical results.}, language = {en} } @article{NehrDuarteAlmeidaetal.2023, author = {Nehr, Sascha and Duarte, Regina M. B. O. and Almeida, Antoine S. and Baus, Lukas and Bergmann, Karl-Christian}, title = {Assessing the relevance of allergenic pollen in indoor environments—current knowledge base and research needs}, series = {Allergo Journal International}, volume = {32}, journal = {Allergo Journal International}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {2197-0378}, doi = {10.1007/s40629-023-00251-y}, pages = {167 -- 175}, year = {2023}, abstract = {SummaryAirborne pollen allergens—a relevant component of bioaerosols and, therefore, of airborne particulate matter—are considered an important metric in air quality assessments. Although the measurement of airborne pollen allergen concentrations in outdoor environments (namely, in urban areas) has been recognized as a key environmental health indicator, no such obligation exists for indoor environments (dwellings or occupational settings). However, people spend most of their daily time (80-90\%) indoors, where the majority of their exposure to air pollution, including pollen allergens, occurs. Nonetheless, the relative importance of airborne pollen allergen exposure indoors differs from outdoors because of differences in pollen loads, sources, dispersion, and degree of penetration from the outdoor surroundings, as well as the differences in the allergenic pollen profiles. In this brief review, we mined the literature over the last 10 years to summarize what existing measurements reveal about the relevance of airborne allergenic pollen in indoor environments. The research priorities on this topic are presented, highlighting the challenges and the motivations for obtaining pollen data in built environments which are key to understand the extent and mechanisms of human exposure to airborne pollen allergens. Thus, we provide a comprehensive assessment of the relevance of airborne allergenic pollen in indoor environments, highlighting knowledge gaps and research needs related to their health effects.}, language = {en} }