TY - JOUR A1 - Balas, Martin A1 - Abson, David J. T1 - Characterising and identifying gaps in sustainability assessments of tourism - a review JF - Tourism Management Perspectives N2 - This paper highlights the main stages in developing a process of sustainability assessments in tourism (SAT) and applies a systematic literature review of empirical research based on pre-developed assessment categories. The aim is to characterise general approaches to measuring sustainability in tourism and to identify patterns and research gaps within these approaches. Four major assessment methodologies were identified through a hierarchical cluster analysis. Whereas new frameworks and indices explore new conceptual approaches to sustainability assessments, case studies and systems approaches rely on existing indicator work and create new assessment contexts. The literature review confirms the heterogeneity of these assessments, albeit without an overall sector-specific consensus. The results show that stakeholder involvement is not widely implemented in the indicator-selection process, and indicators are not linked to sustainability targets. The findings demonstrate that more effort is needed in relation to contextualising frameworks and assessment approaches, to foster target-oriented decision-making. KW - Sustainable tourism assessments; Impacts; Indicators; Monitoring; Sustainable development Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5515 SN - 2211-9736 SN - 2211-9744 IS - 43 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Birch, Joseph D. A1 - Simard, Suzanne W. A1 - Beiler, Kevin J. A1 - Karst, Justine T1 - Beyond seedlings: Ectomycorrhizal fungal networks and growth of mature Pseudotsuga menziesii JF - Journal of Ecology N2 - 1. Mycorrhizal networks are conduits for the transfer of resources between hosts. While ectomycorrhizal networks (EMN) are known to influence seedlings, their effect on adult tree growth remains unknown and may have important implications for forest responses to future climates. 2. We used annual basal area increment of trees and previously described Rhizopogon vesiculosus and Rhizopogon vinicolor EMNs to examine an association between the number of connections between trees through an EMN and the growth of adult interior Douglas-fir. We compared this relationship for the year the networks were mapped, in 2008, with 8 years previous and 8 years afterward. We also compared the variation in standardized growth (2000–2016) to examine the association between growth variability and EMN variables. 3. Greater growth was positively associated with (a) the number of connections to other trees via a R. vinicolor EMN and (b) the number of genets of Rhizopogon vesiculosis by which a tree was colonized. Variation of growth (2000–2016) was negatively associated with increasing number of connections to other trees via R. vinicolor. 4. Synthesis. These findings, for the first time, indicate that EMNs may positively influence the growth of adult trees. The difference in tree growth response between the sister fungal species highlights a novel avenue to identify interspecific and intraspecific differences between fungi occurring at different depths in the soil. Our study has important implications when considering the role of EMNs in influencing forest health and mitigating stress from environmental conditions. KW - dendroecology; fungal genets; interior Douglas-fir; multi-model inference; Rhizopogon vesiculosus; Rhizopogon vinicolor Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5527 SN - 0022-0477 SN - 1365-2745 VL - 109 IS - 2 SP - 806 EP - 818 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zeller, Ulrich A1 - Göttert, Thomas T1 - Humans, megafauna and landscape structure – Rock engravings from Namibia encourage a comparative approach to central Europe and southern Africa JF - Vertebrate Zoology N2 - This paper deals with reflections that arose after observing prehistoric rock engravings at different locations in Namibia. These observations stimulated comparative considerations with focus on southern Africa and central Europe. Similar to the Aurignacian rock art of European origin, the most common motifs in the Namibian rock engravings are large animals. While in Europe, the species that served as a blueprint for the illustration of Aurignacian rock art have mostly disappeared, the megafauna illustrated on the rock engravings in Namibia can still be found in the immediate vicinity of the rock art. Against this background, we discuss and further develop a comparative regional approach. We reconstruct and evaluate the suitability of African savannas and still-existing megafauna communities as an appropriate reference-frame for natural European grassland systems and extinct associated warm-adapted megafauna (Eemian Interglacial megafauna). Special attention is laid on the unique situation in Africa in the light of a global extinction wave of megafauna following increasing human activity in the Late Quaternary. This leads us to discuss the use of domesticated ungulates as surrogate taxa to fulfill ecosystem functions in Europe as part of concepts termed “rewilding” or “naturalistic grazing”. After critically examining these concepts, we conclude that using domesticated forms as representatives of extinct or locally disappeared species in Europe has its justification to some extent. If, however, the naturally occurring megaherbivore community still exists (Africa), these naturally occurring species should be given priority due to their organismic abilities and limitations adapted to the harsh conditions in their specific environment. Finally, we discuss the application of (transboundary) protected areas as effective instruments to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts. A holistic approach, including nature conservation and preservation of cultural achievements (domesticated forms, grazing systems), appears promising for the effective protection of the natural African savanna ecosystems with their unique fauna elements, as illustrated in rock engravings that inspired us to write this paper. KW - domesticated forms; megaherbivores; prehistoric rock art; surrogate taxa; transboundary protected areas Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5538 SN - 1864-5755 SN - 2625-8498 VL - 71 SP - 631 EP - 643 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Markow, Jekaterina T1 - Compulsive Growth and the Dynamics of “Perverted Progress” JF - Yearbook for Eastern and Western Philosophy N2 - This text offers a critique of a certain development in political discourses on progress, namely the “decoupling” of notions of moral from notions of technological progress. This decoupling yields fatal social, economic and ecologic consequences in practice that ultimately amount to a virtual perversion of progress. The second part of the paper reflects upon the psychosocial drivers of this dynamic. I venture that the only motive that may explain why we reproduce this dynamic even as we increasingly suffer from its consequences is a compulsive avoidance of limitation, i.e. non-satisfaction of needs. Finally, I offer some tentative suggestions as to what a mature approach towards limitation would entail. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5609 SN - 2196-5897 IS - 4 SP - 329 EP - 346 PB - de Gruyter ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alff, Henryk T1 - Book review to: Beyond the Steppe Frontier. A History of the Sino–Russian Border. - Sören Urbansky, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020, xiii + 367pp. JF - Europe-Asia Studies Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6067 SN - 9780691181684 SN - 0966-8136 SN - 1465-3427 VL - 74 IS - 3 SP - 508 EP - 510 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wenig, Charlett A1 - Reppe, Friedrich A1 - Horbelt, Nils A1 - Spener, Jaromir A1 - Berendt, Ferréol A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Frey, Marion A1 - Burgert, Ingo A1 - Eder, Michaela T1 - Adhesives free bark panels: An alternative application for a waste material JF - PloS one N2 - The proportion of bark in tree trunks is in the range of ~ 10–20%. This large amount of material is currently mainly considered as a by- or even waste-product by the timber processing industry. Recently, efforts towards the use of bark have been made, e.g. as a raw material to harvest different chemical compounds or as an additive for wood particle boards. Our motivation for this work was to keep the bark in an almost natural state and explore alternative processes and applications for use. The traditional method of de-barking tree trunks by peeling was used to harvest large bark pieces. Two pieces of peeled bark were placed crosswise, with the rhytidom side (outer bark) facing each other. After different conditioning steps, bark pieces were hot pressed to panels without adding adhesives. These experiments on bark samples of different Central European tree species suggest that production of panels with species dependent properties is possible and feasible. This is a step towards producing sustainable panels by using a natural waste material, while retaining its beneficial structure and its natural chemical composition. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6104 VL - 18 IS - 1 PB - Public Library of Science (PLoS) ER -