TY - CHAP A1 - von Münchhausen, Susanne A1 - Trieschmann, M A1 - Treis, T ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Eine Resilienzstrategie für die hessische Landwirtschaft T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 KW - Resilienzstrategie; Leguminosenanbau; Ackerbau; Biogasproduktion Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7075 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 616 EP - 619 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Michaelis, Thorsten A1 - König, Bettina A1 - Hobelsberger, Christine A1 - Göttert, Thomas A1 - Nölting, Benjamin ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Transformationshemmnisse für nachhaltigere Ernährungssysteme - neue oder alte Bekannte des Ökolandbaus? T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 KW - Transformation; Nachhaltigkeit; Ökolandbau; Hemmnisse; Transfer Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7086 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 622 EP - 623 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bauer, C A1 - Röpert, C A1 - Keller, M A1 - Risius, H A1 - Kramer, Eckart ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Analyse der Einkaufsentscheidungen von Kantinen in Brandenburg im Hinblick auf Regionalität T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 KW - Einkaufsentscheidungen; Gemeinschaftsverpflegung; Regionalität Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7092 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 664 EP - 667 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lauterbach, Josephine A1 - Haack, Michaela A1 - Häring, Anna Maria ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Artgerecht, regional und biodiversitätsfördernd - Welche Mehrwerte sind Rindfleischkäufer*innen besonders wichtig? T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 KW - Rindfleisch; Weidehaltung; Cluster Analyse; Faktoranalyse; Konsumenten Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7104 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 668 EP - 671 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hofstätter, J A1 - Häring, Anna Maria A1 - Scholz, S ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Blühstreifen für Brandenburg - Neue Richtlinie, neue Perspektiven T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 KW - Blühstreifen; Förderpolitik; Ackerbau; Brandenburg Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7113 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 682 EP - 685 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Keller, M A1 - Recklies, R A1 - Risius, H A1 - Röpert, C A1 - Menacho, Z A1 - Kramer, Eckart ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Rahmenkonzept für die Berücksichtigung der menschlichen Arbeitskraft bei der Ermittlung des Product Cabon Footprint (PCF) in landwirtschaftlichen Wertschöpfungsketten T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 KW - Product carbon footprint; human workforce; GHG emissions Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7122 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 686 EP - 687 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Risius, H A1 - Röpert, C A1 - Recklies, R A1 - Herfurth, P A1 - Kramer, Eckart ED - Bibic, Vanessa ED - Schmidtke, Knut T1 - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer Foodshed-Analyse zur Abschätzung des Selbstversorgungsgrads in der Region Berlin-Brandenburg T2 - One Step Ahead - einen Schritt voraus! : Beiträge zur 16. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau : Frick, 7. bis 10. März 2023 Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7132 SN - 978-3-96831-055-8 SP - 688 EP - 689 PB - Verlag Dr. Köster ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Miguel-Díez, Felipe A1 - Purfürst, Thomas A1 - Acuna, Mauricio A1 - Tolosana-Esteban, Eduardo A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Estimation of conversion factors for wood stacks in landings and their influencing parameters: a comprehensive literature review for America and Europe JF - Silva Fennica N2 - In commercial transaction of stacked roundwood, the estimation of the stack net volume plays a key role. One generalized method to determine the net volume is using conversion factors that relate the gross and net volumes. In this literature review the developed methods to estimate the conversion factors as well as their influencing parameters were analyzed based on 153 references from America and Europe. According to the results, 48 different methods (including their variants) for estimating the conversion factors were developed. The newest methods enabled their accurate determination inexpensively, e.g., photo-optical methods or 3D simulation models. The analyzed references revealed that 30 parameters influence the conversion factors. Based on this comprehensive review, each stakeholder involved in the roundwood supply chain can know which method is used for estimating the conversion factors in the analyzed territories and which influencing parameters should be considered when purchasing roundwood in order to accurately assess the solid wood content in the stacks. KW - log properties; roundwood measurement; roundwood purchase; stack properties; wood supply chain Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6459 SN - 2242-4075 VL - 57 IS - 1 PB - The Finnish Society of Forest Science ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gillich, Benjamin A1 - Michler, Frank-Uwe A1 - Stolter, Caroline A1 - Lorenz, Antje A1 - Metze, Katrin A1 - Tischew, Sabine A1 - Rieger, Siegfried T1 - Space–time interactions between free-ranging red deer (Cervus elaphus) and grazing livestock on a fenced pasture JF - European Journal of Wildlife Research N2 - Livestock farming, which produces milk and meat, is practised by nearly all cultures. But in addition to this, grazing livestock fulfils other fundamentally important roles, one of which is the maintenance of open landscapes, which in turn provides habitat for many rare plant and animal species. Whether wild large herbivores, such as red deer (Cervus elaphus), benefit from the management of the open landscapes is unknown, and there are conflicting views on the nature of the interaction between livestock and wildlife. To investigate this question, we studied interactions in space and time between red deer and livestock in an 787 ha fenced pasture in eastern Germany. First, we used faecal pellet counts to determine whether red deer were using the fenced pasture and whether livestock were using the entire available pasture. Second, we fitted ten red deer, as well as eight Konik horses (Equus ferus caballus) and eight Heck cattle (Bos taurus) with GPS-collars. These data allowed us to perform analyses of space–time interactions. The faecal pellet data showed that red deer did indeed use the fenced pasture and that livestock used the entire extent of the pasture. Further, we verified a neutral space–time interaction between red deer and livestock within the pasture. Thus, there was no indication of a negative effect of the presence of livestock on red deer inside the pasture. For these reasons, we recommend that low-intensity grazing by cattle and horses can maintain open landscapes without detrimental effects on the use of the area by red deer. KW - Bos taurus; Cervus elaphus; Equus ferus caballus; Fenced pastures; Grazing animals; Interaction behaviour Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6467 VL - 69 IS - 3 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fieldsend, Andrew A1 - Varga, Eszter A1 - Biró, Szabolcs A1 - von Münchhausen, Susanne A1 - Häring, Anna Maria T1 - Multi-actor co-innovation partnerships in agriculture, forestry and related sectors in Europe: Contrasting approaches to implementation JF - Agricultural Systems N2 - CONTEXT Innovation is an important driver of increased productivity, sustainability and resilience in agriculture, forestry and related sectors. An analysis of how different types of multi-actor co-innovation partnerships function can help to identify the reasons why some are more successful than others in ‘speeding up’ innovation. OBJECTIVE To provide a framework for the analysis of the co-innovation process, we developed a multidimensional conceptual typology of co-innovation activities based on a review of 200 such partnerships involving farmers and foresters from across Europe. This framework is based on innovation systems theory and the prevailing policy context of the ‘multi-actor approach’. METHODS The overarching concept or dependent variable measured by the typology is ‘effectiveness of co-innovation by a multi-actor partnership’ and the two dimensions of the overarching concept are the ‘structural components of the Organisational Innovation System’, with four categories, and ‘attitude towards interaction’, with two categories. The result is a matrix of eight ‘ideal types’ of co-innovation activity. These eight types are characterised according to first-order constructs derived from our research data. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The results show that the co-innovation process can successfully take contrasting forms according to the ‘contextual contingencies’ encountered by the partnership. In other words, no one ideal type is intrinsically ‘superior’ to another but may be more ‘appropriate’ in given circumstances. Factors influencing approaches to implementation include actor capacities, aspirations and networks, the co-innovation topic and its influence on the partnership size and the workplan structure, the type of co-innovation activity outputs and the need to engage with the ‘larger periphery’ of stakeholders, and the nature of the enabling environment. SIGNIFICANCE The typology is not a classification since the ideal types represent organisational forms that might exist rather than real partnerships. However, the analytical framework it provides will help policy makers and programme managers to develop targeted interventions, according to actor needs and local circumstances, for ‘speeding up’ innovation. KW - Co-innovation effectiveness; Organisational Innovation System; Attitude towards interaction; Ideal type Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6475 SN - 1873-2267 SN - 0308-521X VL - 202 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Barth, Matthias A1 - Jiménez-Aceituno, Amanda A1 - PM Lam, David A1 - Bürgener, Lina A1 - J Lang, Daniel T1 - Transdisciplinary learning as a key leverage for sustainability transformations JF - Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability N2 - Learning and transdisciplinary research are widely acknowledged as key components for achieving sustainability; however, the links between these concepts remain vague in the sustainability literature. Recently, emphasis has been given to transdisciplinary learning, highlighting its potential as an approach that contributes to solving real-world problems. To better understand and foster transdisciplinary learning for sustainability transformations, it is relevant to pay attention to two dimensions that define transdisciplinary learning: social interaction (individual learning in a social setting, as a group, or beyond the group), and learning forms (single-, double-, or triple-loop learning). This article introduces a conceptual framework built upon these two dimensions to understand three specific forms of transdisciplinary learning as a) individual competence development, b) experience-based collaboration, and c) societal interaction. This framework helps to clarify the design of learning processes as well as their interactions in transdisciplinary processes to support transformative change. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6483 SN - 1877-3435 VL - 64 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Fabio A1 - von Wehrden, Henrik A1 - Linde, Andreas T1 - Random year intercepts in mixed models help to assess uncertainties in insect population trends JF - Insect Conservation and Diversity N2 - 1. An increasing number of studies is investigating insect population trends based on time series data. However, the available data is often subject to temporal pseudoreplication. Inter-annual variability of environmental conditions and strong fluctuations in insect abundances can impede reliable trend estimation. Temporal random effect structures in regression models have been proposed as solution for this issue, but remain controversial. 2. We investigated trends in ground beetle abundance across 24 years using generalised linear mixed models. We fitted four models: A base model, a model featuring a random year intercept, a model featuring basic weather parameters, and a model featuring both random year intercept and weather parameters. We then performed a simple sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of the four models with respect to influential years, also testing for possible spurious baseline and snapshot effects. 3. The model structure had a significant impact on the overall magnitude of the estimated trends. However, we found almost no difference among the models in how the removal of single years (sensitivity analysis) relatively affected trend coefficients. The two models with a random year intercept yielded significantly larger confidence intervals and their p-values were more sensitive during sensitivity analysis. Significant differences of the model with random year intercept and weather parameters to all other models suggest that the random year effects and specific weather effects are rather additive than interchangeable. 4. We conclude that random year intercepts help to produce more reliable and cautious uncertainty measures for insect population trends. Moreover, they might help to identify influential years in sensitivity analyses more easily. We recommend random year intercepts in addition to any variables representing temporally variable environmental conditions, such as weather variables. KW - arthropod decline KW - false baseline effect KW - insect decline KW - mixed models KW - robustness KW - sensitivity analysis KW - snapshot effect KW - temporal pseudoreplication KW - time series KW - uncertainty KW - year effects Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6496 SN - 1752-4598 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 531 EP - 537 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gössling, Stefan A1 - Balas, Martin A1 - Mayer, Marius A1 - Sun, Ya-Yen T1 - A review of tourism and climate change mitigation: The scales, scopes, stakeholders and strategies of carbon management JF - Tourism Management N2 - Tourism needs to reduce emissions in line with other economic sectors, if the international community's objective of staying global warming at 1.5°-2.0 °C is to be achieved. This will require the industry to half emissions to 2030, and to reach net-zero by mid-century. Mitigation requires consideration of four dimensions, the Scales, Scopes, Stakeholders and Strategies of carbon management. The paper provides a systematic review of these dimensions and their interrelationships, with a focus on emission inventory comprehensiveness; allocation principles at different scales; clearly defined responsibilities for decarbonization; and the identification of significant mitigation strategies. The paper concludes that without mitigation efforts, tourism will deplete 40% of the world's remaining carbon budget to 1.5 °C. Yet, the most powerful decarbonization measures face major corporate, political and technical barriers. Without worldwide policy efforts at the national scale to manage the sector's emissions, tourism will turn into one of the major drivers of climate change. KW - Climate change; Decarbonization; Destination management; Net-zero emissions; I/O analysis; Science-based targets Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6510 SN - 1879-3193 VL - 95 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Zbaraszewski, Wojciech A1 - Balas, Martin A1 - Dmytrów, Krzysztof A1 - Majewska, Agnieszka A1 - Mayer, Marius A1 - Steingrube, Wilhelm T1 - Socio-economic research in protected areas of the Euroregion Pomerania: Visitor satisfaction, economic impacts and park–people relationships Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6541 SN - 978-83-7986-420-1 PB - Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe CY - Poznań ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dabard, Caroline Hélène A1 - Mann, Carsten T1 - Sustainability innovations: a proposal for an analytical framework and its empirical application in the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve JF - Sustainability Science N2 - Sustainability innovations influence societal transformations through the development of new products, processes, organizations, behaviors or values. Although various research approaches have tackled technological innovations in the last few decades, the specificities and enabling conditions of individual sustainability innovations remain rather unknown. We therefore propose an analytical framework, built on learning from the social–ecological systems and transitions literature. The sustainability innovation framework features four dimensions: context, actors, process and outcomes, which are detailed in 31 variables. We use the sustainability innovation framework to analyze two case studies selected in the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve, Germany. The first refers to technological and organizational innovation in mobility, while the second relates to social and organizational innovation in agriculture. As a result, we highlight commonalities and differences in enabling conditions and variables between the two cases, which underpin the influence of trust, commitment, resource availability, experimenting, learning, advocating, and cooperating for innovation development. The cases further demonstrate that sustainability innovations develop as bundles of interdependent, entangled novelties, due to their disruptive character. Their specificity thereby resides in positive outcomes in terms of social–ecological integrity and equity. This study therefore contributes to transitions studies via a detailed characterization of sustainability innovations and of their outcomes, as well as through a generic synthesis of variables into an analytical framework that is applicable to a large and diverse range of individual sustainability innovations. Further empirical studies should test these findings in other contexts, to pinpoint generic innovation development patterns and to develop a typology of sustainability innovation archetypes. KW - Innovation; Sustainability transitions; Innovation systems; Social–ecological systems; Rural innovation; Biosphere reserve Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6558 SN - 1862-4057 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 1085 EP - 1098 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hu, Bin A1 - Mithöfer, Axel A1 - Reichelt, Michael A1 - Eggert, Kai A1 - Peters, Franziska S. A1 - Ma, Ming A1 - Schumacher, Jörg A1 - Kreuzwieser, Jürgen A1 - von Wirén, Nicolaus A1 - Rennenberg, Heinz T1 - Systemic reprogramming of phytohormone profiles and metabolic traits by virulent Diplodia infection in its pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) host JF - Plant, Cell & Environment N2 - The widespread ascomycetous fungus Diplodia pinea is a latent, necrotrophic pathogen in Pinus species causing severe damages and world-wide economic losses. However, the interactions between pine hosts and virulent D. pinea are largely not understood. In the present study, systemic defence responses were investigated in non-inoculated, asymptomatic needles and roots of D. pinea infected saplings of two P. sylvestris provenances under controlled greenhouse conditions. Here, we show that D. pinea infection induced a multitude of systemic responses of the phytohormone profiles and metabolic traits. Shared systemic responses of both pine provenances in needles and roots included increased abscisic acid and jasmonic acid levels. Exclusively in the roots of both provenances, enhanced salicylic acid and reduced indole-3-acetic acid levels, structural biomass, and elevated activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were observed. Despite these similarities, the two pine provenances investigated different significantly in the systemic responses of both, phytohormone profiles and metabolic traits in needles and roots. However, the different systemic responses did not prevent subsequent destruction of non-inoculated needles, but rather prevented damage to the roots. Our results provide a detailed view on systemic defence mechanisms of pine hosts that are of particular significance for the selection of provenances with improved defence capacity. KW - anti-oxidative metabolism KW - Diplodia pinea inoculation KW - phytohormone profile KW - ROS accumulation KW - systemic-induced responses Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6571 SN - 0140-7791 VL - 44 IS - 8 SP - 2744 EP - 2764 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Luthardt, Vera A1 - Brauner, Oliver A1 - Hammerich, Jenny A1 - Probst, Robert A1 - Schulz, Corinna A1 - Wachtel, Silke Finn T1 - Resilienz naturnaher Moore im Klimawandel - Fallbeispiele aus dem Biosphärenreservat Schorfheide-Chorin JF - Natur und Landschaft N2 - Der Klimawandel wirkt auf die wenigen noch wachsenden Moore ein, so dass die Frage besteht, inwieweit die Resilienz dieser autochthonen Ökosysteme in all ihrer Vielfalt gestützt werden kann. Zur Beantwortung werden Dauerbeobachtungsreihen von weitgehend ungestörten Mooren aus dem Biosphärenreservat Schorfheide-Chorin (Brandenburg) ausgewertet. Diese werden mit den Ergebnissen einer Erfolgskontrolle wiedervernässter Waldmoore in Kontext gesetzt. Zur Einschätzung der Moorzustände wird ein neu entwickeltes Indikatorensystem zur Bewertung moorspezifischer Biodiversität angewendet. Es wird zudem eine Abschätzung der Treibhausgasemissionen nach der Treibhaus-Gas-Emissions-Standort-­Typen(GEST)-Methodik vorgenommen und die potenzielle Torfneubildung betrachtet. Die Analysen zeigen, dass das Puffervermögen wachsender Moore im Untersuchungsraum noch intakt ist und Störungen ohne Systemwechsel überwunden werden. Die Vernässungsmaßnahmen waren durchweg erfolgreich und haben zu einer messbaren Revitalisierung geführt. Es wird auf die dringende Notwendigkeit hingewiesen, heute alle noch weitestgehend naturnahen Moore in ihrem Wasserhaushalt bestmöglich zu stabilisieren, um sie als wichtige Glieder der autochthonen Biodiversität mit allen ihren positiven Landschaftsfunktionen zu erhalten. KW - Klimawandelanpassung; Klimawandelwirkung; Libellen; Monitoring; moorspezifische Biodiversität; moorspezifische Vegetation; Moorzustand Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6597 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 98 IS - 3 SP - 124 EP - 131 PB - W. Kohlhammer ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Madaki, Mustapha Yakubu A1 - Lehberger, Mira A1 - Bavorova, Miroslava A1 - Igbasan, Boluwatife Teniola A1 - Kächele, Harald T1 - Effectiveness of pesticide stakeholders’ information on pesticide handling knowledge and behaviour of smallholder farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria JF - Environment, Development and Sustainability N2 - Although pesticides ensure the quality and quantity of agricultural produce, they have adverse effects on farmers, their families, and consumers. Therefore, in order to reduce the unpleasant effects of pesticide use, stakeholders would be well advised to extend guidance and precautions to end users. The objective of this study was to determine the pesticide handling behaviour and the effectiveness of pesticide information on pesticide handling knowledge and personal protective equipment (PPE) use among farmers in southwest Nigeria. One hundred and fifty-six farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire in December 2019 and January 2020. The results revealed that a one-third of the farmers dispose their pesticide residues on the field, only 3% of the farmers dispose the hazardous pesticide waste at a collection point, and 65% of them dispose the empty containers indiscriminately. The majority of farmers never use respirators (79%), hats (60%), and boots (57%) when applying pesticides. Knowledge of pesticide application and waste management is low (58% of respondents scored less than 10 on a knowledge scale of 0–14). The result of the regression model shows that information from pesticide labels and farmer-to-farmer exchanges significantly increase farmers’ knowledge of pesticide handling and PPE use. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of current information provision to smallholder farmers on the correct use of pesticides is not sufficient. Therefore, we highlight the need for pesticide companies, distributors, and government agencies to intensify and further develop their efforts to empower smallholder farmers to improve their knowledge and use of pesticides. KW - Pesticide handling; Personal protective equipment; Pesticide information sources; Pesticide labels Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8213 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kandel, Giri Prasad A1 - Bavorova, Miroslava A1 - Ullah, Ayat A1 - Kächele, Harald A1 - Pradhan, Prajal T1 - Building resilience to climate change: Examining the impact of agro-ecological zones and social groups on sustainable development JF - Sustainable Development N2 - Nepal is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change, which is negatively affecting agricultural production and food security. However, the role of agro-ecological zones and social groups in climate change adaptation (CCA) and its impact on smallholder farmers in Nepal remains unexplored. To fill this gap, this study aimed to identify the effect of agro-ecological zones and social groups on smallholder farmers' adaptation to climate change using the multivariate probit model. Multistage sampling was used to collect data from 400 households in three agro-ecological zones of Nepal. These zones were highland (mountainous region), midland (hilly region) and lowland (terai/plain region). The results of our study showed that farmers in the Mountain region are more likely to adopt off-farm activities and temporary migration as a CCA strategy than those in the Terai/plain agro-ecological zone. In the Terai/Plain, farmers mainly adopt small-scale irrigation and agroforestry. In terms of social groups, the Brahmin group was more likely to adopt new crop varieties and small-scale irrigation than the Sudra group. The Sudra farmers preferred temporary migration and off-farm activities more than the Brahmins. Our study shows that policies to promote the adoption of CCA strategies need to take into account location and social group differences in order to improve the adaptive capacity of the most vulnerable farmers. Mountain and Sudra farmers need support to adapt to climate change and sustain agriculture. KW - agro-ecological zones KW - climate change KW - multivariate probit model KW - social groups KW - sustainable development Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8226 SN - 0968-0802 VL - 31 IS - 5 SP - 3796 EP - 3810 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gan, Lu A1 - Halik, Ümüt A1 - Shi, Lei A1 - Welp, Martin T1 - Multi-scenario dynamic prediction of ecological risk assessment in an arid area of northwest China JF - Ecological Indicators N2 - Ecological security is essential for the development of environmental health and human society. However, the driving mechanisms and spatial non-stationarity of ecological risks are still unknown, particularly in arid areas. Thus, this study constructed an ecological risk index (ERI) research framework in arid areas based on land use and socio-economic data from 1980 to 2020 to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution trend, driving mechanisms, and spatial non-stationarity of ecological risk and predict the ecological risk under business-as-usual, economic development, and ecological protection scenarios using a patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model. The results show that: (1) cropland and build-up land were expanding, whereas forestland and grassland water bodies were shrinking. Compared with the two development stages from 1980 to 2000 and from 2000 to 2020, cropland increased by 4.73% and 51.52%, respectively, whereas build-up land increased by 12.64% and 106.52%, respectively, indicating rapid development and drastic changes in the past 20 years. (2) With the change in landscape diversity, the regional ecological risks showed an increasing trend, whereas the future ecological risks showed an increasing trend because of the cumulative effect of landscape pattern changes caused by human activities. (3) Moreover, dramatic changes in ecological risk, particularly in areas of intense human activity in build-up land, agricultural land, artificial oases, and mountainous areas. Corresponding to the analysis of driving mechanisms, population, GDP, distance to government, water, and primary roads; have a significant effect on ecological risk, whereas DEM has direct and indirect effect paths. Ultimately, the proposed analysis framework can present the spatiotemporal changes of ecological risks and their influencing mechanisms, which can help develop sustainable development policies. KW - Ecological risk assessment; Driving factors; Scenario simulations; Arid areas Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8274 VL - 154 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Weinberger, Rebecca A1 - König, Bettina A1 - Nölting, Benjamin A1 - Gutsohn, Andrea T1 - Veränderungen von Konsumpraktiken in der Corona-Pandemie: Ergebnisse aus dem "Logbuch der Veränderungen" N2 - Die Corona-Pandemie und die Maßnahmen zu ihrer Eindämmung hatten vielfache wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen und führten dabei zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen in den Alltagsroutinen vieler Menschen. Davon blieben auch die Alltagsbereiche Konsum und Versorgung nicht verschont. In diesem Diskussionspapier wird untersucht, inwieweit sich Alltagspraktiken im Hinblick auf das Einkaufs- und Versorgungsverhalten durch die Corona-bedingten Beschränkungen verändert haben und welche Auswirkungen diese Verhaltensänderungen auf eine nachhaltige Entwicklung haben können. Grundlage dafür ist die Tagebuchstudie „Logbuch der Veränderung“ des Forschungszentrums [Nachhaltigkeit – Transformation – Transfer]. Im untersuchten Handlungsfeld „Einkauf und Versorgung“ wurden insgesamt 757 Logbucheinträge, welche von 545 Logbuchschreiber*innen verfasst wurden, ausgewertet. Das Datenmaterial umfasst die Einträge der ersten drei Erhebungsphasen (von März bis September 2020) des Logbuchprojektes. Den theoretischen Rahmen für das untersuchte Handlungsfeld bildet die Praxistheorie und wird methodisch durch eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse strukturiert. Nach Auswertung des qualitativen Datenmaterials konnten fünf Praktiken identifizierten werden: (1) Kauf von Verbrauchsgütern, (2) Verwendung der Lebensmittel, (3) Planung des Einkaufs, (4) Fortbewegung zum Einkaufen und (5) Kauf von Gebrauchsgütern. Die Analyse der Praktiken mit Fokus auf die drei praxistheoretischen Elemente (Kompetenz, Sinn, Materialität) zeigte folgende Ergebnisse: Verhaltensänderungen treten in allen fünf Praktiken auf, wobei sich die größten Veränderungen in den zwei Praktiken (1) Kauf von Verbrauchsgütern und (2) Verwendung von Lebensmitteln zeigen. Die Logbuchschreiber*innen verwenden in der ersten Phase der Pandemie mehr Zeit für die Einkaufsplanung und bereiten deutlich häufiger als früher Mahlzeiten selbst Zuhause zu. Die Häufigkeit der Einkaufsgänge hat abgenommen, während die Menge der pro Einkauf gekauften Verbrauchsgüter zugenommen hat. Das Bedürfnis Gebrauchsgüter zu konsumieren ist entweder zurückgegangen oder es wurde auf Onlineangebote zurückgegriffen. Viele der Verhaltensänderungen lassen sich nachhaltigen Konsummerkmalen zuordnen. T3 - Diskussionspapier-Reihe Nachhaltigkeitstransformation & Nachhaltigkeitstransfer - 12 KW - Nachhaltigkeitsforschung; Praxis-Theorie; Alltagspraktiken; Transformation; Corona-Pandemie; Konsum; Ernährung Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8306 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Strauss, Veronika A1 - Paul, Carsten A1 - Dönmez, Cenk A1 - Löbmann, Michael A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Sustainable soil management measures: a synthesis of stakeholder recommendations JF - Agronomy for Sustainable Development N2 - Soil degradation threatens agricultural production and soil multifunctionality. Efforts for private and public governance are increasingly emerging to leverage sustainable soil management. They require consensus across science, policy, and practice about what sustainable soil management entails. Such agreement does not yet exist to a sufficient extent in agronomic terms; what is lacking is a concise list of soil management measures that enjoy broad support among all stakeholders, and evidence on the question what hampers their implementation by farmers. We therefore screened stakeholder documents from public governance institutions, nongovernmental organizations, the agricultural industry, and conventional and organic farmer associations for recommendations related to agricultural soil management in Germany. Out of 46 recommended measures in total, we compiled a shortlist of the seven most consensual ones: (1) structural landscape elements, (2) organic fertilization, (3) diversified crop rotation, (4) permanent soil cover, (5) conservation tillage, (6) reduced soil loads, and (7) optimized timing of wheeling. Together, these measures support all agricultural soil functions, and address all major soil threats except soil contamination. Implementation barriers were identified with the aid of an online survey among farmers (n = 78). Results showed that a vast majority of farmers (> 80%) approved of all measures. Barriers were mostly considered to be economic and in some cases technological, while missing knowledge or other factors were less relevant. Barriers were stronger for those measures that cannot be implemented in isolation, but require a systemic diversification of the production system. This is especially the case for measures that are simultaneously beneficial to many soil functions (measures 2, 3, and 4). Results confirm the need for a diversification of the agricultural system in order to meet challenges of food security and climate change. The shortlist presents the first integrative compilation of sustainable soil management measures supporting the design of effective public or private governance. KW - Agriculture in transition; Diversification in agriculture; Soil functions; Soil health; Sustainable soil management; Stakeholder recommendations Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8129 VL - 43 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reckling, Moritz A1 - Watson, Christine A. A1 - Whitbread, Anthony A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Diversification for sustainable and resilient agricultural landscape systems JF - Agronomy for Sustainable Development N2 - This virtual issue comprises papers that address diversification for providing sustainable solutions at different scales from cropping and grassland to food systems. The authors investigated processes in case studies at the landscape scale where synergies and trade-offs between social and environmental objectives become the most tangible. Contributions from all continents highlighted regional specificities related to diversification and include research from natural and social sciences, with inter- and transdisciplinary approaches including synthesis of knowledge (reviews), empirical studies with experiments as well as assessments with interviews in case studies: Model-based design of crop diversification, the role of digitalization for achieving sustainability in the European context, ecological engineering for rice pest suppression in China, the role of cereal species mixtures in Ethiopian smallholder farmers, diversified planting in arid irrigation areas in northwestern China, integration of legumes in European and Canadian cropping systems, screening of native forage legumes for northern Swedish grassland systems, cropping system diversification of smallholder farmers in south-central Bangladesh, identification of how farmers imagine diversified landscapes in southern Idaho in the US, farm diversification affecting impacts from COVID-19 across Europe, the role of diversified farming in Mato Grosso Brazil, diversification and soil management measures in Germany, value chain formation for the scaling of crop diversification, and the design process with farmers and scientists for the transition toward legume-supported farming in Europe. A key finding from these examples is that agricultural intensification has led to the simplification of cropping systems and landscapes in terms of species diversity and ecosystem function. To instead move towards sustainable transformation, all system levels (i.e. from the plot, farm, landscape, governance and overall food systems) need to interact and reinforce each other for diversification to deliver the desired outcomes. KW - Co-design; Crop-livestock systems; Food system; Legumes; Transformation Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8135 SN - 1773-0155 VL - 43 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Paul, Carsten A1 - Bartkowski, Bartosz A1 - Dönmez, Cenk A1 - Don, Axel A1 - Mayer, Stefanie A1 - Steffens, Markus A1 - Weigl, Sebastian A1 - Wiesmeier, Martin A1 - Wolf, André A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Carbon farming: Are soil carbon certificates a suitable tool for climate change mitigation? JF - Journal of Environmental Management N2 - Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in agricultural soils removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and contributes towards achieving carbon neutrality. For farmers, higher SOC levels have multiple benefits, including increased soil fertility and resilience against drought-related yield losses. However, increasing SOC levels requires agricultural management changes that are associated with costs. Private soil carbon certificates could compensate for these costs. In these schemes, farmers register their fields with commercial certificate providers who certify SOC increases. Certificates are then sold as voluntary emission offsets on the carbon market. In this paper, we assess the suitability of these certificates as an instrument for climate change mitigation. From a soils' perspective, we address processes of SOC enrichment, their potentials and limits, and options for cost-effective measurement and monitoring. From a farmers’ perspective, we assess management options likely to increase SOC, and discuss their synergies and trade-offs with economic, environmental and social targets. From a governance perspective, we address requirements to guarantee additionality and permanence while preventing leakage effects. Furthermore, we address questions of legitimacy and accountability. While increasing SOC is a cornerstone for more sustainable cropping systems, private carbon certificates fall short of expectations for climate change mitigation as permanence of SOC sequestration cannot be guaranteed. Governance challenges include lack of long-term monitoring, problems to ensure additionality, problems to safeguard against leakage effects, and lack of long-term accountability if stored SOC is re-emitted. We conclude that soil-based private carbon certificates are unlikely to deliver the emission offset attributed to them and that their benefit for climate change mitigation is uncertain. Additional research is needed to develop standards for SOC change metrics and monitoring, and to better understand the impact of short term, non-permanent carbon removals on peaks in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations and on the probability of exceeding climatic tipping points. KW - Carbon sequestration KW - Emission offset KW - CDR KW - Permanence KW - Agriculture KW - Private governance Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8140 SN - 0301-4797 IS - 330 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Donmez, Cenk A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Cilek, Ahmet A1 - Grosse, Meike A1 - Paul, Carsten A1 - Hierold, Wilfried A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Climate change impacts on long-term field experiments in Germany JF - Agricultural Systems N2 - CONTEXT Long-Term Field Experiments (LTEs) were implemented to study the long-term effects of different management practices, including tillage, fertilization and crop rotation under otherwise constant conditions. Climate change is expected to change these conditions, challenging interpretation of LTE data with regard to the distinction between climate change and management effects. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to quantify the expected, spatially differentiated changes of agroclimatic conditions for the German LTE sites as a precondition for modelling and LTE data interpretation. METHODS We developed a framework combining spatially distributed climate data and LTE metadata to identify the possible climatic changes at 247 LTE sites with experiments running for 20 years or more. The LTEs were classified using the following categories: fertilization, tillage, crop rotation, field crops or grassland, conventional or organic. We utilized climate variables (temperature, precipitation) and agroclimatic indicators (aridity, growing degree days, etc.) to compare a baseline (1971–2000) with future periods (2021−2100) under the IPCC's Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP). A comprehensive LTE risk assessment was conducted, based on changes in climate variables and agroclimatic indicators between baseline and future scenarios. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Under the most extreme scenario (SSP585), 150 LTEs are expected to shift from humid and dry sub-humid to semi-arid conditions. Frost days in LTE areas are expected to decline by 81%, and the growing season to lengthen by up to 92%. The spatial differentiation of expected climate change also facilitates the identification of suitable sites for future agricultural practices and may inform the design of new LTEs. SIGNIFICANCE Our results may guide the interpretation of LTE data regarding the effect of climate change, facilitating future soil crop modelling studies with LTE data and providing information for planning new LTE sites to support future agricultural research and/or adapting management on existing LTE sites. The framework we developed can easily be transferred to LTE sites in agricultural regions worldwide to support LTE research on climate change impacts and adaptation. KW - Long-term field experiments; Climate change; Agriculture; Soil quality; Agroclimatic indicators; Crop modelling Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8150 IS - 205 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tietze, Nikola A1 - Gerhold, Lars A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Policy narratives in forest fire management T2 - Environmental Research Letters N2 - As the risk of forest fires increases around the globe, the issues of how to control, suppress, and prevent them are the subjects of growing public and political attention. This study focuses on the political debate in Germany regarding forest fires and provides insights into the conceptualization of forest fires and forest fire management at the federal and state policymaking levels. By examining forest fire narratives through the policy lens, this case study takes an exemplary extreme weather event exacerbated by climate change as an opportunity to examine the policy response to this problem. In this way, we examine the role of policy narratives in civil and environmental protection and disaster management. The findings reveal that all politicians examined in this study agree that forest fire management is an urgent matter that needs to be supported. In the prevailing human-centered narrative, policymakers see active forest management and use as tools to improve forest resilience to fire and other calamities. Those who advocate a nature-based narrative assert that it is natural processes in protected forest areas that most effectively enhance resilience. The policy solutions derived from these views include financial support, recognition of the work of foresters, forest fire managers, and civil protection agencies as well as, depending on the type of narrative argument favored, either increased forest management or improved protection of forest ecologies. This suggests that narrative analysis may illuminate the rationales underlying previous policy decisions and the framework for future ones. This contribution throws light on how narratives shape policymaking and, by extension, disaster management. Future studies should therefore take into account the influence of prevailing narratives when it comes to evaluating the potential that policymaking can offer for disaster management in the future. KW - policymaking; forest fire management; narratives; decision-making; forest fire Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8193 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 18 PB - IOP Publishing Ltd ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mouratiadou, Ioanna A1 - Lemke, Nahleen A1 - Chen, Cheng A1 - Wartenberg, Ariani A1 - Bloch, Ralf A1 - Donat, Marco A1 - Gaiser, Thomas A1 - Hanike Basavegowda, Deepak A1 - Helming, Katharina A1 - Ali Hosseini Yekani, Seyed A1 - Krull, Marcos A1 - Lingemann, Kai A1 - Macpherson, Joseph A1 - Melzer, Marvin A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Piorr, Annette A1 - Shaaban, Mostafa A1 - Zander, Peter A1 - Weltzien, Cornelia A1 - Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko Dorothea T1 - The Digital Agricultural Knowledge and Information System (DAKIS): Employing digitalisation to encourage diversified and multifunctional agricultural systems JF - Environmental Science and Ecotechnology N2 - Multifunctional and diversified agriculture can address diverging pressures and demands by simultaneously enhancing productivity, biodiversity, and the provision of ecosystem services. The use of digital technologies can support this by designing and managing resource-efficient and context-specific agricultural systems. We present the Digital Agricultural Knowledge and Information System (DAKIS) to demonstrate an approach that employs digital technologies to enable decision-making towards diversified and sustainable agriculture. To develop the DAKIS, we specified, together with stakeholders, requirements for a knowledge-based decision-support tool and reviewed the literature to identify limitations in the current generation of tools. The results of the review point towards recurring challenges regarding the consideration of ecosystem services and biodiversity, the capacity to foster communication and cooperation between farmers and other actors, and the ability to link multiple spatiotemporal scales and sustainability levels. To overcome these challenges, the DAKIS provides a digital platform to support farmers' decision-making on land use and management via an integrative spatiotemporally explicit approach that analyses a wide range of data from various sources. The approach integrates remote and in situ sensors, artificial intelligence, modelling, stakeholder-stated demand for biodiversity and ecosystem services, and participatory sustainability impact assessment to address the diverse drivers affecting agricultural land use and management design, including natural and agronomic factors, economic and policy considerations, and socio-cultural preferences and settings. Ultimately, the DAKIS embeds the consideration of ecosystem services, biodiversity, and sustainability into farmers' decision-making and enables learning and progress towards site-adapted small-scale multifunctional and diversified agriculture while simultaneously supporting farmers' objectives and societal demands. KW - Digital agriculture KW - Ecosystem services KW - Decision support system KW - Farming practices KW - Biodiversity KW - Modelling KW - Small-scale management Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8012 SN - 2666-4984 VL - 16 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Arrekhi, Armin A1 - Niknahad Gharmakher, Hamid A1 - Bachinger, Johann A1 - Bloch, Ralf T1 - Investigation of Feasibility and Effect of Alternative Farming System on the Grain Yield of Barley and Forage Production in Western Semi-arid Region of Golestan Province, Iran JF - Journal of Rangeland Science N2 - One of the major challenges in semi-arid regions of Iran is to supply the adequate forage for livestock and meanwhile prevent the destruction of rangelands due to overgrazing. Therefore, this study aimed to compare three cropping systems of barley using Salsola turcomanica (ST), and Chrysopogon zizanioides (CZ) in three treatments of barley+ST, barley+ST+CZ and mono-culture of barley. Two-year field trials data were collected from November 2018 to October 2020 in two experimental sites using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The results of analysis of variance over two years indicated that the effects of year, location, and year by location interaction were significant (p<0.01) for all of barley’s yield components. Mixed cropping of barley with other species had no negative effect on barley traits such as grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. In addition, the mixed cropping of barley+ST and barley+ST+CZ in the first year produced 2.5 t/ha more forage yield than that mono-culture of barley. This was due to high production of Salsola (ST), in mixed cropping. In both years, yield of Salsola production was about 25% of whole produced biomass. Drastic reduction in rainfall in the second year reduced the obtained yield; so, there was no significant difference among three cropping systems in the second year. However, cropping systems of barley+ST and barley+ST+CZ produced about 1 t/ha more forage than that for the mono-culture of barley. Mixed cropping of barley +ST+CZ did not affect yield components of barley. Mixed cropping of barley with Salsola turcomanica could guarantee soil cover throughout the year and is recommended for forage production in rangeland in Iran. KW - Barley; Salsola turcomanica; Chrysopogon zizanioides; Mixed cropping Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8022 SN - 2008-9996 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 155 EP - 167 PB - IA University, Borujerd Branch ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Greischel, Eva A1 - Nagy, Emilia A1 - Conrad, Alexander A1 - Schäfer, Martina T1 - Social logistics: Rethinking public transport as a regional distributor of goods in rural areas. Chances for the long-term establishment of a sustainable regional logistics approach JF - Raumforschung und Raumordnung N2 - This paper presents initial findings on the establishment of a social logistics project in a peripheral rural region in Germany. As part of a real-life laboratory, two services were developed and tested with the aim of improving rural supply: the delivery of regional goods and the return of online orders in cooperation with a regional public transport provider, regional retailers and parcel services. An evaluation team provided support to the project in identifying, monitoring, and documenting the societal impact of the services and promoted impact-oriented project management. The concept of providing services of general interest through social logistics and testing them in a real-world laboratory was based on preliminary work in the region. The results indicate that this approach can promote this type of social logistics in the long term. A social logistics approach does not focus solely on economic aspects but emphasises social and environmental benefits for the region. A real-world laboratory approach enables an environment that promotes open exchange, involvement of different stakeholders and joint problem solving in a reflective, iterative process. This methodological approach enabled the continuation and out-scaling of the service’s core offerings immediately after ending the test phase and is seen as an important prerequisite for establishing a long-term perspective. KW - Social Logistics; Rural Areas; Regional Economics; Social Innovations; Real-World Laboratory Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8032 SN - 0034-0111 PB - oekom Verlag ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Purfürst, Thomas A1 - de Miguel-Díez, Felipe A1 - Berendt, Ferréol A1 - Engler, Benjamin A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Comparison of wood stack volume determination between manual, photo-optical, iPad-LiDAR and handheld-LiDAR based measurement methods JF - iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry N2 - The measurement of roadside wood stacks in the forest still plays an important role in many forestry operations. Traditional manual measuring methods can be laborious, inaccurate and error-prone. Therefore, the issue is whether 2.5D or 3D optical remote sensing measuring methods provide more precise or detailed results and advantages in further data processing. This study examined and partly developed nine different manual, photo-optical, iPad®-LiDAR and handheld laser scanner-LiDAR-based wood stack measurement methods. Forty-seven wood stacks, ranging from 8.9 to 209.3 m3 (totalling approximately 2700 m3), were measured and compared using these nine methods. All the methods give volume estimations, and none can be seen to give the real or true wood stack gross volume. Surprisingly, the results varied significantly within and between the individual methods, with up to a 9% mean relative deviation. The relative deviation is strongly dependent on the size of the wood stack. The 3D measurement methods using iPad® RGB and LiDAR recorded lower timber volumes than the other methods, in contrast to the method based on samples taken with handheld laser scanner-LiDAR, which overestimated the volume. Generally, optical- and laser-based surveying techniques could be more widely applied in measuring wood stacks in the future. However, such automatic wood stack gross volume determination approaches still face some challenges, regarding accuracy in the case of the 2.5D methods and the lack of automatisation in the case of 3D methods. Consequently, further research is required in the near future. KW - iPad LiDAR; Wood Stack Volume; 3D Volume; Photo-optical Measurement; Personal Laser Scanner; SLAM; RVR Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8062 SN - 1971-7458 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 243 EP - 252 PB - Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Voglhuber-Slavinsky, Ariane A1 - Lemke, Nahleen A1 - MacPherson, Joseph A1 - Dönitz, Ewa A1 - Olbrisch, Mathias A1 - Schöbel, Philipp A1 - Moller, Björn A1 - Bahrs, Enno A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Valorization for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in the Agri-Food Value Chain JF - Environmental Management N2 - This article defines the term valorization of biodiversity and ecosystem services (BES) measures, as distinguished from their valuation, and underpins it with an assessment of private valorization examples along the agri-food value chain. Valorization incentivizes measures for promoting BES, while valuation refers to its quantification. Valuation can be a step of valorization but is not indispensable. In scientific literature, the terms valorization and valuation are often used interchangeably. In addition, there is a lack of research on private options versus conventional, public policy options. Therefore, we searched for private valorization options primarily in public sources (gray literature and websites). This led to the identification of four clusters (markets for voluntary services, labeling, and certification, environmental management/CSR, and tradable permits and quotas). Based on these clusters the options were assessed from a legal and systems dynamics perspective. In addition, the viability of selected valorization options in different future scenarios was examined. The analysis revealed a wide range of private valorization options, which in contrast to public policy options that focus almost entirely on the production stage, are spread across the agri-food value chain. Their suitability differs under different future scenarios, legal and systems conditions. KW - Biodiversity; Ecosystem services; Valorization; Value chain; Foresight; Private valorization options Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-8104 VL - 72 IS - 6 SP - 1163 EP - 1188 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thevs, Niels A1 - Gombert, Alina Joana A1 - Strenge, Eva A1 - Lleshi, Roland A1 - Aliev, Kumar A1 - Emileva, Begaiym T1 - Tree Wind Breaks in Central Asia and Their Effects on Agricultural Water Consumption JF - Land N2 - Across Central Asia, agriculture largely depends on irrigation due to arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. Water is abstracted from rivers, which are largely fed by glacier melt. In the course of climate change, glaciers melt down so that a reduced glacier volume and reduced water runoffs are expected to be available for irrigation. Tree wind breaks are one option to reduce water consumption in irrigated agriculture and build resilience against climate change. This paper therefore assesses the water consumption of major crops in Kyrgyzstan and adjacent areas, i.e., cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in combination with tree wind breaks. Crop water consumption was assessed through the Penman Monteith approach. Tree wind break types investigated were single rows from poplars (Populus spec.) and multiple rows with understory vegetation by elm (Ulmus minor L.) and poplar, respectively. Tree water consumption was determined through sapflow measurements. The seasonal reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for field crops was 876–995 mm without wind breaks and dropped to less than half through multiple row wind breaks with understory vegetation (50 m spacing). Tree water consumption was 1125–1558 mm for poplar and 435 mm for elm. Among the wind break crop systems, elm wind breaks resulted in the highest reductions of water consumption, followed by single row poplars, at spacing of 50 and 100 m, respectively. However, elm grows much slower than poplar, so poplars might be more attractive for farmers. Furthermore, single row wind breaks might by much easier to be integrated into the agrarian landscape as they consume less space. KW - agroforestry KW - Populus KW - Ulmus KW - cotton KW - corn KW - microclimate KW - evapotranspiration KW - irrigation Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3306 SN - 2073-445X VL - 8 IS - 11 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hamidov, Ahmad A1 - Daedlow, Katrin A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Hussein, Hussam A1 - Abdurahmanov, Ilhom A1 - Dolidudko, Aleksandr A1 - Seerat, Ali Yawar A1 - Solieva, Umida A1 - Woldeyohanes, Tesfaye A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Operationalizing water-energy-food nexus research for sustainable development in social-ecological systems: an interdisciplinary learning case in Central Asia JF - Ecology & Society N2 - In social-ecological systems, natural resource management can be characterized by trade-offs across sectors and sustainability targets. The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus concept makes explicit various trade-offs in order to maximize synergies of interventions. However, there are few successful examples of its operationalization in research settings. Here, we explore in a learning setting if sustainability impact assessment (SIA) protocols can be a useful process to be used to adopt a systemic, interdisciplinary perspective to operationalize WEF nexus in research for sustainable development. The process and method adopted of SIA protocol, evaluated for five exemplary WEF nexus cases in Central Asia during a week-long international workshop, adequately addressed the complexity of WEF interrelationships and associated sustainability issues, and facilitated a comparative case study analysis across scales. Results within this process highlight that water governance was critical for large-scale transboundary WEF nexus management, while land and soil management were decisive for minimizing trade-offs at local levels. Issues of interdisciplinarity, complexity, uncertainty, and reflection on impacts were adequately addressed, but challenges remain in the consideration of ethics and the design of transparent, multi-actor cooperation. Most importantly, this exercise showed that employment of the process of SIA protocol supported disciplinary experts to work across disciplines and take a systemic approach for analyzing WEF nexus. KW - fghanistan; Central Asia; impact assessment; interdisciplinarity; socially responsible research; systemic approach Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6890 SN - 1708-3087 VL - 27 IS - 1 PB - Resilience Alliance ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartkowski, Bartosz A1 - Bartke, Stephan A1 - Helming, Katharina A1 - Paul, Carsten A1 - Techen, Anja-Kristina A1 - Hansjürgens, Bernd T1 - Potential of the economic valuation of soil-based ecosystem services to inform sustainable soil management and policy JF - PeerJ N2 - The concept of ecosystem services, especially in combination with economic valuation, can illuminate trade-offs involved in soil management, policy and governance, and thus support decision making. In this paper, we investigate and highlight the potential and limitations of the economic valuation of soil-based ecosystem services to inform sustainable soil management and policy. We formulate a definition of soil-based ecosystem services as basis for conducting a review of existing soil valuation studies with a focus on the inclusion of ecosystem services and the choice of valuation methods. We find that, so far, the economic valuation of soil-based ecosystem services has covered only a small number of such services and most studies have employed cost-based methods rather than state-of-the-art preference-based valuation methods, even though the latter would better acknowledge the public good character of soil related services. Therefore, the relevance of existing valuation studies for political processes is low. Broadening the spectrum of analyzed ecosystem services as well as using preference-based methods would likely increase the informational quality and policy relevance of valuation results. We point out options for improvement based on recent advances in economic valuation theory and practice. We conclude by investigating the specific roles economic valuation results can play in different phases of the policy-making process, and the specific requirements for its usefulness in this context. KW - Agri-environmental policy; Ecosystem services; Economic valuation; Literature review; Multifunctionality; Policy cycle; Soil management Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6319 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alff, Henryk A1 - Konysbayev, Talgarbay A1 - Salmyrzauly, Ruslan T1 - Old stereotypes and new openness: discourses and practices of trans-border re- and disconnection in south-eastern Kazakhstan’s agricultural sector JF - Eurasian Geography and Economics N2 - Since the Soviet breakup, rural communities in the Kazakhstan–China borderlands have faced cataclysmic social, economic, and ecological transformations. Collective and state farms have been replaced by precarious smallholder agriculture suffering from a decline in financial inputs and the deterioration of infrastructure. At the same time, dynamic transformations of border permeability (and trans-border reconnections) between Kazakhstan and China have challenged the until relatively recent widespread Soviet rhetoric on Western China (or rather Xinjiang) as an underdeveloped space across the border. This article is based on several months of fieldwork between 2019 and 2021 in Panfilov District, located at major cross-border road and railway intersections and hosting important infrastructural objects, such as a dry port, a major railway transhipment hub, and a trans-border special economic zone. The article explores how the border situation (and the border’s changing permeability for people, commodities, and ideas since the early 1990s) as well as the implementation of new trans-border infrastructures eventually shaped local discourses and practices in the socio-economic development of south-east Kazakhstan’s agricultural sector. It is scrutinized herein how various forms of trans-border socio-economic interactions (although heavily regulated) and China’s (agri-) economic policy in Xinjiang started to affect farmers’ ambitions and practices across the border. KW - Agriculture; infrastructures; China; Central Asia Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6340 SN - 1538-7216 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Markow, Jekaterina A1 - Fieldsend, Andrew A1 - von Münchhausen, Susanne A1 - Häring, Anna Maria T1 - Building agricultural innovation capacity from the bottom up: Using spillover effects from projects to strengthen agricultural innovation systems JF - Agricultural Systems N2 - CONTEXT Current research emphasises that agricultural innovation projects are influenced in multiple ways by the Agricultural Innovation Systems (AIS) in which they operate. Yet little attention has been paid to the reverse direction of this relationship, i.e. how agricultural innovation projects affect AIS in the course of their innovative activities. Accordingly, there are currently no tools to measure such AIS spillovers from agricultural innovation projects. OBJECTIVE This paper shows that even where agricultural innovation projects have not been designed with the explicit aim of influencing AIS they can have spillovers on the AIS in which they operate. Based on this finding, it argues that designing agricultural innovation projects in a way that maximises such positive and reduces negative AIS spillovers would be a useful tool for strengthening agricultural innovation capacities in a particular territory or sector. METHODS Based on the concept of agricultural innovation projects as Organisational Innovation Systems (OIS) that are embedded in AIS, the paper develops an analytical framework for assessing spillovers of such projects on AIS and applies it to a case study of an Operational Group in the German Federal State of Hessen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The case study shows that agricultural innovation projects may yield diverse spillovers on the AIS in which they operate. In addition to considering how agricultural innovation projects are shaped – constrained and/or enabled – by AIS, the research community on agricultural innovation should pay more attention to this side of the interrelation of AIS and agricultural innovation projects. Designing agricultural innovation projects responsibly so that spillovers on AIS are monitored can help to improve national or sectoral AIS. SIGNIFICANCE This paper points to an underexplored issue in research on agricultural innovation and, related to this, a thus far unused potential policy tool for improving national and sectoral AIS. It further develops the concept of innovation projects as OIS into an approach for assessing the effects of projects on AIS; an area of project assessment that until now has not been adequately covered. KW - Agricultural innovation system KW - Agricultural innovation project KW - Organisational innovation system KW - Spillover effect KW - Project assessment Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6853 SN - 0308-521X IS - 209 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Creamer, Rachel E. A1 - Hagens, Mathilde A1 - Baartman, Jantiene A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Editorial for special issue on “understanding soil functions – from ped to planet” JF - European Journal of Soil Science Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6870 SN - 1365-2389 VL - 72 IS - 4 SP - 1493 EP - 1496 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - MacPherson, Joseph A1 - Voglhuber-Slavinsky, Ariane A1 - Olbrisch, Mathias A1 - Schöbel, Philipp A1 - Dönitz, Ewa A1 - Mouratiadou, Ioanna A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Future agricultural systems and the role of digitalization for achieving sustainability goals. A review JF - Agronomy for Sustainable Development N2 - By leveraging a wide range of novel, data-driven technologies for agricultural production and agri-food value chains, digital agriculture presents potential enhancements to sustainability across food systems. Accordingly, digital agriculture has received considerable attention in policy in recent years, with emphasis mostly placed on the potential of digital agriculture to improve efficiency, productivity and food security, and less attention given to how digitalization may impact other principles of sustainable development, such as biodiversity conservation, soil protection, and human health, for example. Here, we review high-level policy and law in the German and European context to highlight a number of important institutional, societal, and legal preconditions for leveraging digital agriculture to achieve diverse sustainability targets. Additionally, we combine foresight analysis with our review to reflect on how future frame conditions influencing agricultural digitalization and sustainability could conceivably arise. The major points are the following: (1) some polices consider the benefits of digital agriculture, although only to a limited extent and mostly in terms of resource use efficiency; (2) law as it applies to digital agriculture is emerging but is highly fragmented; and (3) the adoption of digital agriculture and if it is used to enhance sustainability will be dependent on future data ownership regimes. KW - Digital agriculture; Sustainability; Policy; Foresight; Agri-digital law Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6886 SN - 1773-0155 IS - 42 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolf, Nicole A1 - Nölting, Benjamin A1 - Hamm, Andrea A1 - Rehak, Rainer A1 - Hobelsberger, Christine A1 - Beer, Felix T1 - Kommunale Plattformen nachhaltig gestalten : Kriterienkatalog für Plattformen im Dienst einer nachhaltig-digitalen Daseinsvorsorge T2 - Kurzstudie der Forschungslinie „Zukunftsfähige Daseinsvorsorge“ N2 - Digitale Plattformen avancieren zu einem wichtigen Teil der kommunalen Daseinsvorsorge. Richtig eingesetzt, können plattformbasierte Leistungen ein wirksames Steuerungsinstrument für eine nachhaltige Kommunalentwicklung darstellen. Für diese kommunale Gestaltungsaufgabe wird in der Kurzstudie ein Kriterienkatalog erarbeitet, anhand dessen die Nachhaltigkeitspotenziale und -risiken unterschiedlicher Plattformmodelle beschrieben und untersucht werden können. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6641 UR - https://codina-transformation.de/wp-content/uploads/CODINA_Kurzstudie_Kommunale_Plattformen.pdf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Basavegowda, Deepak Hanike A1 - Mosebach, Paul A1 - Schleip, Inga A1 - Weltzien, Cornelia T1 - Indicator plant species detection in grassland using EfficientDet object detector T2 - 42. GIL-Jahrestagung, Künstliche Intelligenz in der Agrar- und Ernährungswirtschaft N2 - Extensively used grasslands (meadows and pastures) are ecologically valuable areas in the agricultural landscape and part of the multifunctional agriculture. In Germany, the quality of these grasslands is assessed based on the occurrence of certain plant species known as indicator or character species, with indicators being defined at regional level. Therefore, the recognition of these indicators on a spatial level is a prerequisite for monitoring grassland biodiversity. The identification of indicator species for the status quo of grassland using traditional methods was found to be challenging and tedious. Deep learning-algorithms applied to high-resolution UAV imagery could be the key solution, where UAV with remote sensors can map a large area of grassland in comparison to manual or ground mapping methods and deep learning-algorithms can automate the detection process. In this research work, we use an EfficientDet based algorithm to train an object detection model capable of recognizing indicators on RGB data. The experimental results show that this approach is very promising in contrast to the difficult and time-consuming manual recognition methods. The model was trained with the momentum-SGD optimizer with a momentum value of 0.9 and a learning rate of 0.0001. The model was trained and tested on 1200 images and achieves 45.7 AP (and 85.7 AP50) on test data set. The dataset includes images of four distinct indicator plant species: Armeria maritima, Campanula patula, Cirsium oleraceum, and Daucus carota KW - digital agriculture; biodiversity in grassland; HNV farming; deep learning; object detection Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6656 SN - 978-3-88579-711-1 SN - 1617-5468 SP - 57 EP - 62 PB - Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. CY - Bonn ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göttert, Thomas T1 - Cross-Landscape Approaches to Human Wildlife Conflicts—Naïve or Necessary? T2 - Diversity Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6677 SN - 1424-2818 VL - 15 IS - 5 PB - MDPI ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stöckmann, Antje A1 - Holzgreve, Matthias T1 - Digitale Wissenschaftskommunikation: Die Lebenswelt des Fischotters als interaktives Storyboard - Virtuelle Geländeübung in der Online-Lehre T2 - 36. Jahrestagung 2021 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Limnologie e.V. N2 - Digitale Wissenschaftskommunikation - Die Lebenswelt des Fischotters als interaktives Storyboard: Im dritten Online-Semester sind infolge der Corona-bedingten Einschränkungen Geländeübungen und Exkursionen an den Hochschulen kaum noch möglich. Nachdem im Sommersemester 2020 im Rahmen der Online-Lehre ein erster Ersatz mittels Virtueller Exkursionen im seminaristischem Unterricht durchgeführt wurde, wird im Sommersemester 2021 an der Hochschule für Nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde eine Virtuelle Geländeübung als digitales Lehr- und Lernmodul entwickelt. Gemäß der Prozeßmethode des Forschenden Lernens erarbeiten die Teilnehmer des Moduls Fließgewässer- und Feuchtgebietsmanagement (Masterstudiengang Regionalentwicklung und Naturschutz*) eine digitale Darstellung komplexer ökologischer Zusammenhänge anhand der Interaktion des Fischotters mit seinem Habitat. Dazu wird ein interaktives Storyboard u. a. unter Einsatz von 360° Technik und Augmented-Reality-Elementen erstellt. Ziel ist der Einsatz des neuen Formates in der Hochschullehre, aber auch in der allgemeinen Wissenschaftskommunikation. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6685 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stöckmann, Antje A1 - Ermisch, Till A1 - Holzgreve, Matthias T1 - Feldsölle – Eine interaktive Virtual-Reality-Tour (VR-Tour) über die Biodiversitätshotspots in einer gleichförmigen Agrarlandschaft T2 - 37. Jahrestagung 2022 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Limnologie e.V. N2 - Aufgrund von Corona-bedingten Einschränkungen fand die Methode der VR-Tour als Ersatz für Exkursionen in den vergangenen Semestern an der Hochschule für Nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE) Anklang, sodass diese Methode nun auch weiterhin genutzt wird. Studierende des Moduls „Feuchtgebietsmanagement“ (Masterstudiengang Nachhaltige Regionalentwicklung - Management - Naturschutz) erarbeiten im Sommersemester 2022 nach der Methode „Forschendes Lernen“ eine VR-Tour als digitales Format für die Hochschullehre sowie die Wissenschaftskommunikation. Die Tour widmet sich den Feldsöllen: Die Kleingewässer mit einer Größe von < 1 ha sind und können ein wichtiger Lebensraum für seltene Arten in einer gleichförmigen Agrarlandschaft sein. Ihr Zustand wirkt sich maßgeblich auf Flora und Fauna in und um Feldsölle aus. Dieser hängt von neben natürlichen auch von anthropogenen Faktoren wie umliegender und direkter Nutzung ab. Um eine erhöhte Sensibilisierung für Feldsölle als naturschutzfachlich relevante Lebensräume zu erreichen, spielt die Wissenschaftskommunikation eine wichtige Rolle, die mit der VR-Tour mit Einsatz von u.a. 360-GradAufnahmen als Darstellungsmöglichkeit umgesetzt werden soll. Nutzer des Formates können eine Art virtuellen Spaziergang unternehmen, in dem sie selbstständig Feldsölle als Biotope und Trittsteine im Biotopverbund in der Agrarlandschaft erkunden können. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6698 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lautner, Silke T1 - Gemeinschaftlich gestellte Klausur T2 - Kompetent Prüfungen gestalten Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6711 SN - 9783825258597 SP - 164 EP - 167 PB - UTB ET - 2. überarb. u. erw. Aufl. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Berendt, Ferréol A1 - Bajalan, Iman A1 - Wenig, Charlett A1 - Hinds, Charlotte A1 - Blaško, Ľubomír A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Estimation of Scots pine bark biomass delivered to the wood industry in Northern Germany JF - Central European Forestry Journal N2 - Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most widely distributed pine species in the world. In Germany, as in many other European countries, it is a very important species both culturally and economically. Few studies have focused on bark volumes being delivered to the wood industry together with the roundwood, being potentially a valuable resource for material or energetic utilization. Therefore, logs from six different forest sites were collected and bark variables including double bark thickness (DBT) in three different categories, diameter, and bark damage (as a degree of miss-DBT) in three different categories, diameter, and bark damage (as a degree of miss-ing bark) were measured and analyzed in order to model bark volume (Vbark) and bark mass (Mbark). The correlation analysis using Pearson’s method showed that the highest correlation coefficients were observed from the correla-tion between DBT and Vbark, as well as between DBT and Mbark. Also, results demonstrated that with DBT greater than 20 mm, the percentage of Vbark exceeded 20%. Finally, different linear regression models were recommended to predict Vbark and Mbark based on the other variables. The results of this study can be used in different wood industries in order to predict bark volume and bark mass of e.g. truckloads or roundwood stacks. KW - bark thickness; bark volume; bark mass; Pinus sylvestris; correlation Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6126 SN - 2454-0358 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 89 EP - 97 PB - Sciendo ER - TY - GEN A1 - Selva, Nuria A1 - Chylarecki, Przemysław A1 - Jonsson, Bengt-Gunnar A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Misguided forest action in EU Biodiversity Strategy T2 - Science Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6130 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 368 IS - 6498 SP - 1438 EP - 1439 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Amponsem, Bright A1 - Bensah, Edem Cudjoe A1 - Ahiekpor, Julius Cudjoe A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Herold, Nadine A1 - Antwi, Edward A1 - Mensah, Isaac A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana A1 - Boahen, Benjamin T1 - Cleaner energy potential analysis for composite biomass residues from decentralized sawmills in Ghana- A case study for Oforikrom Municipality JF - Cleaner Engineering and Technology N2 - The variation of wood species processed in sawmills in developing countries generates composite waste which presents treatment challenges due to a lack of understanding of their physicochemical characteristics for proper planning for clean energy generation. Most of the waste is discarded or burnt openly which releases harmful gases into the environment. This study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of mixed sawdust generated from five wood species generated at a Ghanaian sawmill in Oforikrom Municipality for improving waste treatment. The particle size distribution (PSD), bulk density, proximate and ultimate values, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and structural analysis were used to characterize the composite sawdust for briquetting and gasification purposes. It was found that the net heating value (17.46 MJ/kg), some proximate and ultimate values meet briquette standard but high percentages of ash (2.95%), moisture (41.48%) and the possibility of nitrogen oxides emissions were notable challenges. PSD resulted in different high fine fractions which are unsuitable for densification. The increase of sieving amplitudes at 30, 50 and 80 rpm generated an average increase in sieve efficiency of fines by 4.22%. Mixing of fines (42.38–46.6%) and optimum particle size (53.40–57.62%) fractions was suggested as the best approach to enhance briquette density and durability. The FTIR spectra showed a range of peaks such as 1734.46 cm−1, 1620.48 cm−1, 1506.50 cm−1, 1462.02 cm−1, 1420.32 cm−1 etc. for functional groups identification. Composite sawdust spectra showed high absorbance with no shift of wavenumbers compared with temperate woods, however, it deviated massively when compared with industrial cellulose and organosolv lignin. TGA indicated that exact mixed wood pyrolysis temperatures, volatile and biochar fractions will always depend on sample compositions. The increase in heating rates yielded little significance to volatiles and char increments. Collection of clean sawdust and rooftop drying were recommended as a way of enhancing sawdust properties. Composite sawdust has a promising potential to support Ghana's activities for meeting the renewable energy generation targets. The understanding of these potential assessments is significant to boost the local municipality energy supply. KW - Composite sawdust; Heating value; Structural compositions; Particle size distribution; Thermogravimetric analysis; Bioenergy Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6154 SN - 2666-7908 IS - 11 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alff, Henryk ED - von Löwis, Sabine ED - Eschment, Beate T1 - Post-Soviet Decline or China-Induced Prosperity? Agricultural and Socio-Economic Change in the Kazakhstan-China Borderlands T2 - Post-Soviet Borders : A Kaleidoscope of Shifting Lives and Lands Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6176 SN - 9781003169376 PB - Routledge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zuberi, Mehwish T1 - Between Disconnects and Flows: Reflections on Doing Fieldwork in Rural South Punjab during the Covid-19 Pandemic JF - Südasien-Chronik - South Asia Chronicle KW - Qualitative Fieldwork; Rural; Covid-19; Insider-Outsider; Positionality; Geography; Pakistan Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6186 SN - 978-3-86004-348-6 VL - 11 SP - 521 EP - 540 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ortiz, Andrea Monica D. A1 - Jamero, Ma. Laurice A1 - Crespin, Silvio Javier A1 - Smith Ramirez, Cecilia A1 - Matias, Denise Margaret A1 - Reyes, Jameela Joy A1 - Pauchard, Aníbal A1 - La Viña, Antonia G. M. T1 - The land and sea routes to 2030: a call for greater attention on all small islands in global environmental policy JF - npj Biodiversity N2 - Islands have unique vulnerabilities to biodiversity loss and climate change. Current Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement are insufficient to avoid the irreversible loss of critical island ecosystems. Existing research, policies, and finance also do not sufficiently address small islands’ social-environmental challenges. For instance, the new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) mentions islands in the invasive species management target. This focus is important, as islands are at high risk to biological invasions; however, this is the only GBF target that mentions islands. There are threats of equal or greater urgency to small islands, including coastal hazards and overexploitation. Ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves are crucial for biodiversity, coastal protection, and human livelihoods, yet are unaddressed in the GBF. While research and global policy, including targeted financial flows, have a strong focus on Small Island Developing States (SIDS), the situation of other small islands has been largely overlooked. Here, through a review of policy developments and examples from islands in the Philippines and Chile, we urge that conservation and climate change policies place greater emphasis on acknowledging the diversity of small islands and their unique governance challenges, extending the focus beyond SIDS. Moving forward, global policy and research should include the recognition of small islands as metacommunities linked by interacting species and social-ecological systems to emphasize their connectivity rather than their isolation. Coalition-building and knowledge-sharing, particularly with local, Indigenous and traditional knowledge-holders from small islands, is needed to meet global goals on biodiversity and sustainable development by 2030. KW - Biodiversity; Climate change; Climate-change ecology; Conservation biology; Ecology; Ecosystem services; Invasive species; Policy Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6780 SN - 2731-4243 IS - 2 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lauterbach, Josephine A1 - Haack, Michaela A1 - Häring, Anna Maria T1 - Co-production of Business Models for Pasture-Based Beef in North-East Germany – Integrating Consumers Preferences JF - Proceedings in system dynamics and innovation in food networks 2022 N2 - Pasture-based cattle rearing systems provide numerous ecosystem services and meet current consumer demands for animal welfare. However, the development of regional value chains from pasture-based beef are inhibited in economically less developed regions, such as North East Germany, as they lack regional slaughtering and processing capacities and show weak cooperation between stakeholders. The real world lab "WertWeideVerbund" aims to co-produce new beef value chains and business models, addressing consumer demands and value chain actors’ interests at the same time. Target group specific and regionally adapted communication approaches are part of these business models and aimed at unlocking market potentials. We conducted an online survey to define consumer groups for pasture-based beef, evaluate their preferences for communication approaches and define their willingness to pay for those products. The questionnaire was partly based on previously collected qualitative data from focus groups and on an extended literature review of existing quality standards for pasture-based beef. The survey revealed different consumer segments based on demographics, frequency of beef purchase, general shopping behaviour and willingness to pay for pasture-raised beef. Respondents preferred communication approaches with a focus on animal welfare and were not particularly interested in regional origin and ranked it equal to other aspects such as information on producers, quality and taste, and biodiversity and climate protection, indicating that there is a demand for further explanation on the advantages of regional production. KW - pasture-raised beef; communication; marketing; animal welfare; regional origin Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6839 SN - 2194-511X SP - 167 EP - 177 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Balas, Martin A1 - Abson, David J. T1 - Characterising and identifying gaps in sustainability assessments of tourism - a review JF - Tourism Management Perspectives N2 - This paper highlights the main stages in developing a process of sustainability assessments in tourism (SAT) and applies a systematic literature review of empirical research based on pre-developed assessment categories. The aim is to characterise general approaches to measuring sustainability in tourism and to identify patterns and research gaps within these approaches. Four major assessment methodologies were identified through a hierarchical cluster analysis. Whereas new frameworks and indices explore new conceptual approaches to sustainability assessments, case studies and systems approaches rely on existing indicator work and create new assessment contexts. The literature review confirms the heterogeneity of these assessments, albeit without an overall sector-specific consensus. The results show that stakeholder involvement is not widely implemented in the indicator-selection process, and indicators are not linked to sustainability targets. The findings demonstrate that more effort is needed in relation to contextualising frameworks and assessment approaches, to foster target-oriented decision-making. KW - Sustainable tourism assessments; Impacts; Indicators; Monitoring; Sustainable development Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5515 SN - 2211-9736 SN - 2211-9744 IS - 43 PB - Elsevier ER -