TY - JOUR A1 - Aschenbrand, Erik A1 - Michler, Thomas T1 - Why Do UNESCO Biosphere Reserves Get Less Recognition than National Parks? A Landscape Research Perspective on Protected Area Narratives in Germany JF - Sustainability N2 - This paper explores how landscape research can contribute to our understanding of why integrated protected area concepts like biosphere reserves get less recognition than national parks. In this regard, we analysed policy documents and online communication of biosphere reserves and national parks, conducted qualitative interviews with conservation professionals and volunteers as well as participant observation in order to identify and compare narratives that guide the communication and perception of both protected area categories. The results show how national parks offer a clear interpretation of space by building on landscape stereotypes and creating landscape legibility and experience-ability through touristification. National Parks also experience conflicts about proper management and combine a variety of goals, often including regional development. Nevertheless, their narrative is unambiguous and powerful. Biosphere reserves, on the other hand, have an image problem that is essentially due to the difficulty of communicating their objectives. They confront the difficult task of creating a vision that combines development and conservation while integrating contrarious landscape stereotypes. We argue for a fundamental engagement with protected area narratives, as this improves understanding of protected areas’ transformative potential. KW - protected areas KW - biosphere reserves KW - national parks KW - narrative KW - landscape Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2166 SN - 2071-1050 PB - MDPI ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Hammerich, Jenny A1 - Luthardt, Vera A1 - Zeitz, Jutta ED - Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde, T1 - Moorschutz in den Wäldern Brandenburgs BT - Waldmoorschutzprogramm, Erfolge, Renaturierungsmaßnahmen N2 - Der Landesbetrieb Forst Brandenburg renaturiert seit 2004 im Zuge des Waldmoorschutzprogrammes Brandenburg in Kooperation mit vielfältigen AkteurInnen aus Naturschutz, Wasser- und Bodenverbänden, Behörden und Wissenschaft Moore im Wald. Die umgesetzten Maßnahmen sind sehr vielfältig, es werden sowohl wald- und wasserbauliche Maßnahmen im Moor und Mooreinzugsgebiet als auch Pflegemaßnahmen umgesetzt. Die Renaturierungsmaßnahmen führten zu einem breiten Wirkungsspektrum bezüglich der Wasserstände im Moor, der moorspezifischen Biodiversität, des erneuten Torfwachstums und der resultierenden Treibhausgasemissionen. Es konnten positive Entwicklungen bei allen Schutzgütern festgestellt werden. Am effektivsten erwiesen sich wasserbauliche Maßnahmen. Waldbauliches Management wirkte in dem hier untersuchten Zeitrahmen vor allem zustandserhaltend. KW - Erfolgskontrolle, Monitoring, Moor, Wiedervernässung Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3660 ER - TY - THES A1 - Rudenko, Tetiana T1 - Representations of Biosphere Reserve landscapes in tourism. An analysis from a social constructivist perspective N2 - This study analyses how the meaning of landscape in tourism is conceptualised and represented using the example of three UNESCO Biosphere Reserves of the German federal state of Brandenburg, utilising a qualitative social constructivist perspective. Although the term 'landscape' was originally conceived as a geographical concept, it is now a holistic concept that is considered across disciplines, including sociology, psychology, ethnology, landscape ecology and philosophy of nature (Palang et al., 2007). According to social constructivist landscape studies, the construct of 'landscape' is the result of socially generated patterns of interpretation and evaluation, based on which an internal synthesis of observed material objects and their relation to symbolic meanings takes place (Kühne, 2019). The thesis answers the following research question: how do the three UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in Brandenburg construct and represent their landscapes through communication with tourists? Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3811 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mann, Deepika A1 - Gohr, Charlotte A1 - Blumröder, Jeanette Silvin A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Does fragmentation contribute to the forest crisis in Germany? JF - Frontiers in Forests and Global Change N2 - Intact forests contribute to the ecosystem functionality of landscapes by storing and sequestering carbon, buffering and cooling the microclimate, and providing a range of related ecosystem functions. Forest fragmentation not only poses a threat to many organisms but also reduces the resistance and resilience of the ecosystem, which is especially relevant to the ongoing climate crisis. The effects of recent extreme heat years on forests in Germany have not been studied in detail for the influence of fragmentation. We investigate the relation of forest fragmentation with temperature and vitality in Germany per ecoregion at the canopy level using satellite imagery at 1-km and 30-m resolution. We compiled and correlated forest maps for connectivity based on Thiessen polygons, canopy temperatures on the hottest days based on land surface temperature, and forest vitality based on the maximum normalized difference vegetation index per growing season. We differentiated between ecoregions and main forest types. In 2022, larger intact tree-covered areas that are less fragmented have relatively low temperatures on hot days and higher overall vitality. Nearly 98% of the almost 1.95 million forest fragments at 30-m resolution in Germany are smaller than 1 km2, which cover nearly 30% of the total forest area. To counteract the forest crisis, forest and landscape management should aim to reduce fragmentation and maintain tree biomass and forest cover in the landscape. Increasing the size of continuous forest fragments contributes to ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change. KW - land surface temperature (LST) KW - normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) KW - Thiessen connectivity KW - forest fragmentation KW - forest cover Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3909 SN - 2624-893X VL - 6 PB - Frontiers Media S.A. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franzke, Christian L E A1 - Ciullo, Alessio A1 - Gilmore, Elisabeth A A1 - Matias, Denise Margaret A1 - Nagabhatla, Nidhi A1 - Orlov, Anton A1 - Paterson, Shona K A1 - Scheffran, Jürgen A1 - Sillmann, Jana T1 - Perspectives on tipping points in integrated models of the natural and human Earth system: cascading effects and telecoupling T2 - Environmental Research Letters N2 - The Earth system and the human system are intrinsically linked. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have led to the climate crisis, which is causing unprecedented extreme events and could trigger Earth system tipping elements. Physical and social forces can lead to tipping points and cascading effects via feedbacks and telecoupling, but the current generation of climate-economy models do not generally take account of these interactions and feedbacks. Here, we show the importance of the interplay between human societies and Earth systems in creating tipping points and cascading effects and the way they in turn affect sustainability and security. The lack of modeling of these links can lead to an underestimation of climate and societal risks as well as how societal tipping points can be harnessed to moderate physical impacts. This calls for the systematic development of models for a better integration and understanding of Earth and human systems at different spatial and temporal scales, specifically those that enable decision-making to reduce the likelihood of crossing local or global tipping points. KW - tipping points KW - cascading effects KW - coupling of natural and human Earth systems KW - telecoupling KW - extreme events Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3476 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 17 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publishing Ltd ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mann, Carsten A1 - Loft, Lasse A1 - Hernández-Morcillo, Mónica A1 - Primmer, Eeva A1 - Bussola, Francesca A1 - Falco, Enzo A1 - Geneletti, Davide A1 - Dobrowolska, Ewelina A1 - Grossmann, Carol M. A1 - Bottaro, Giorgia A1 - Schleyer, Christian A1 - Kluvankova, Tatiana A1 - Garcia, Gino A1 - Lovrić, Marko A1 - Torralba, Mario A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Winkel, Georg T1 - Governance Innovations for forest ecosystem service provision – Insights from an EU-wide survey JF - Environmental Science & Policy N2 - This paper analyses the occurrence of governance innovations for forest ecosystem service (FES) provision in the forestry sector in Europe and the factors that influence innovation development. Based on a European-wide online survey, public and private forest owners and managers representing different property sizes indicate what type of governance innovation activities they engage in, and why. To investigate forestry innovations as systems, the analysis focuses on biophysical, social and technical factors influencing innovation development. The results of our exploratory quantitative analysis show that most innovation activities identified are largely oriented towards biomass production. Accordingly, most forest owners implement efficiency-driven optimisation strategies for forest management and technological improvement for provisioning service supply, to generate income. In contrast, the provision of regulating and cultural services is not yet a prominent part of forestry innovation activities.Reasons are rooted in a market-oriented economic rationale focusing on timber production, a lack of financial resources to compensate for other FES provisions or institutions to provide backup and security to forest owners and managers for engaging in innovation development. Given that the provision of a wide range of FES is a politically well-established objective for forest management in Europe, a strategy is needed that helps to align actors and sectors for supporting and co-financing related forest management approaches and business models. The current revision of the forest related policy framework on EU level under the EU Green deal poses a window of opportunity for better fostering novel governance approaches for more sustainable FES provision. KW - Forest ecosystem services; Forest governance; Governance innovation; Enabling factors; European forests; Forest ownership Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4758 SN - 1462-9011 IS - 132 SP - 282 EP - 295 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Fabio A1 - Michler, Frank Uwe A1 - Gillich, Benjamin A1 - Tillmann, Jörg A1 - Ciuti, Simone A1 - Heurich, Marco A1 - Rieger, Siegfried T1 - Displacement Effects of Conservation Grazing on Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Spatial Behaviour JF - Environmental Management N2 - Conservation grazing uses semi-feral or domesticated herbivores to limit encroachment in open areas and to promote biodiversity. However, we are still unaware of its effects on wild herbivores. This study investigates the influence of herded sheep and goats on red deer (Cervus elaphus) spatial behavior by testing three a-priori hypotheses: (i) red deer are expected to avoid areas used by livestock, as well as adjacent areas, when livestock are present, albeit (ii) red deer increase the use of these areas when sheep and goats are temporarily absent and (iii) there is a time-lagged disruption in red deer spatial behavior when conservation grazing practice ends. Using GPS-telemetry data on red deer from a German heathland area, we modelled their use of areas grazed by sheep and goats, using mixed-effect logistic regression. Additionally, we developed seasonal resource selection functions (use-availability design) to depict habitat selection by red deer before, during, and after conservation grazing. Red deer used areas less during conservation grazing throughout all times of the day and there was no compensatory use during nighttime. This effect mostly persisted within 21 days after conservation grazing. Effects on habitat selection of red deer were detectable up to 3000 meters away from the conservation grazing sites, with no signs of either habituation or adaption. For the first time, we demonstrate that conservation grazing can affect the spatio-temporal behavior of wild herbivores. Our findings are relevant for optimizing landscape and wildlife management when conservation grazing is used in areas where wild herbivores are present. KW - Targeted grazing; Heathland conservation; Dry grassland; Wildlife; Habitat selection; Resource selection functions Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4609 SN - 0364-152X VL - 70 SP - 763 EP - 779 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gohr, Charlotte A1 - Blumröder, Jeanette Silvin A1 - Sheil, Douglas A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Quantifying the mitigation of temperature extremes by forests and wetlands in a temperate landscape JF - Ecological Informatics N2 - As a result of ongoing climate change and more frequent heat events, the regulating services of land cover in terms of moderating and mitigating local temperatures are increasingly important. While the reduced temperatures found in forests and wetlands are recognized, their wider contribution to regional landscape cooling remains largely uncharacterized and unquantified. Herein, we propose and test a new method that estimates the temperature response and inertia of landscapes in high temperatures, based on land cover share. In order to achieve this goal, we combined the MODIS daytime land surface temperature (henceforth LST) time series and CORINE land cover data. We classified the time series in two ways, i.e. by stepwise temperature range (−10/−5 °C to +35/+40 °C) and by the occurrence of hot days (days with a mean LST ≥ 30 °C). As an explanatory variable, we developed and used a greenest pixel composite of the MODIS normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series. In our study area, covering parts of northeastern Germany and western Poland, the fragmented landscape has heterogeneous temperature patterns, including urban heat islands, warm agricultural areas, cool forests and cold wetlands. We found that at high temperature ranges only forests and wetlands remained comparably cool, with LSTs up to 20.8 °C lower than the maximum LST in the study area. The analysis of land cover shares and LSTs revealed the substantial cooling effect of forests and wetlands in line with increasing land cover share in higher temperature ranges, as well as on hot days. The relation between LST and the NDVI indicated vegetation cover as the cause. We propose the corresponding metrics to quantify landscape-level temperature regulation. Equally, we advocate for management to identify these ecosystem services and their current and potential contributions, along with implications for sustaining and increasing, both tree cover and wetlands and thereby adapting landscapes to climate change. Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4376 SN - 1574-9541 IS - 66 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Linde, Andreas A1 - Weiss, Fabio T1 - Eberswalde Carabid Abundances 1999-2022 N2 - Ground beetles were caught from 1999 to 2022, between the beginning of May and the end of July each year, on 13 forest plots within one forest site (with the extension of approximately 1x1km) close to Eberswalde, Germany (52.820000, 13.790000). Not all plots were sampled each year and the researchers only included data from plots, which were sampled in three years or more. They used pitfall traps consisting of a 400ml glass jars positioned in a piece of PVC pipe, formaldehyde as trapping fluid and metal roofs. There were four pitfall traps at each plot, organised as either square or transect with approximately 20 meters between the traps. The layout of traps (square or transect) remained consistent for each plot throughout all sampled years. During the sampling period the traps were emptied three times, usually after four weeks (28 days), however, the exact sampling length occasionally varied. Prior to data analysis, the researchers excluded all data from traps that had been disturbed by factors such as rain, wild animals or vandalism. Abundances represent the sum of all individuals of species belonging to the Carabidae family that were caught in one pitfall trap during one sampling interval. This is an updated version of the dataset Eberswalde Carabid Abundances 1999-2021 (DOI: 10.48548/pubdata-11). It includes additional data sampled in 2022. Sampling abundances are no longer pooled for all traps per plot but listed for each trap individually. KW - Laufkäfer; Käfer; Insekten; Vorkommen; Wald; Insektenmonitoring; Biodiversität; Insektenrückgang; Zeitreihe KW - Carabids; Ground Beetles; Insects; Abundance; Forest; Insect Monitoring; Biodiversity; Insect Decline; Time Series Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4386 N1 - Erhebungszeitraum der Daten: 1999-05 - 2022-07 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Fabio A1 - Linde, Andreas T1 - How to estimate carabid biomass?—an evaluation of size-weight models for ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and perspectives for further improvement JF - Journal of Insect Conservation N2 - Biomass is an important metric for monitoring carabid populations and serves as an ecological indicator. Models that predict carabid weight based on body size represent a simple and straightforward method to estimate biomass and are therefore commonly used. However, such models are rarely evaluated against independent validation data. In this study, we evaluated the two widely used size-weight models by Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994) drawing on previously published independent data. Additionally, we developed and tested four new models to also evaluate the potential effect of taxonomic parameters; and compared model predictions with actual measurements of biomass using relative deviation graphs and observed versus predicted from regression. We show that the two models by Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994) contain systematic bias towards larger and smaller carabids, respectively, suggesting restricted applicability of such models. Additional taxonomic parameters improved weight predictions, indicating one possible solution to the issue of restricted applicability. We discuss further relevant limitations of size-weight models and their application and recommend a combined use of the models of Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994) for carabids ≥ 11.8 mm and < 11.8 mm, respectively. Implications for insect conservation: Size-weight models are a suitable and simple method to estimate the biomass of carabids and have great potential to be used in monitoring schemes, the investigation of long-term trends and ecological studies. It is, however, essential that researchers pay special attention to potential restrictions in their applicability and methodological limitations. KW - Insect monitoring; Size weight equation; Insect biomass; Insect decline; Ecological modelling; Model validation Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4983 SN - 1366-638X SN - 1572-9753 VL - 26 SP - 537 EP - 548 PB - Springer Nature ER -