TY - JOUR A1 - Lorenz, Tommy A1 - Gerster, Lea A1 - Wodzinowski, Dustin Elias A1 - Wartenberg, Ariani A1 - Martetschläger, Lea A1 - Molitor, Heike A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Bloch, Ralf T1 - Innovative Teaching and Learning Formats for the Implementation of Agroforestry Systems—An Impact Analysis after Five Years of Experience with the Real-World Laboratory “Ackerbaum” JF - Forests N2 - Since 2017, the Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNEE) offers transformative learning modules in their curricula, which are called ITL—Innovative Teaching and Learning formats. Student tutors change into the role of teachers and organize lectures, excursions, and assignments at the Real-World Laboratory “Ackerbaum”—an agroforestry system in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. Students can learn about agroforestry systems, participate in research, and take practical action. The examination of the module is a scientific report linked to the experimental area. In this study, an attempt was made to verify the quality and impact of teaching formats in the ITL via the analysis of 53 reports created by 170 students as well as surveys among participants. For this purpose, indicators were formulated that capture the quality of scientific methods and the contribution to higher education for sustainable development. Students and tutors appreciate the open working atmosphere and the possibility to actively participate in the course; many leave the module motivated. Some even move toward transformation in agriculture professionally as, e.g., consultants in the field of agroforestry. As a transformative institution, HNEE offers with ITL a rare opportunity for practical application, scientific methods, and transdisciplinary collaboration with different stakeholders to work on future models to change today’s agriculture. KW - agroecology KW - education for sustainable development KW - interdisciplinarity KW - transdisciplinarity KW - transformative science KW - forestry Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3092 SN - 1999-4907 VL - 13 IS - 7 PB - MDPI ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Miguel-Díez, Felipe A1 - Guigue, Phillippe A1 - Pettenkofer, Tim A1 - Tolosana-Esteban, Eduardo A1 - Purfürst, Thomas A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Development and evaluation of a novel 3D simulation software for modelling wood stacks JF - PLoS ONE N2 - Assessing the solid wood content is crucial when acquiring stacked roundwood. A frequently used method for this is to multiply determined conversion factors by the measured gross volume. However, the conversion factors are influenced by several log and stack parameters. Although these parameters have been identified and studied, their individual influence has not yet been analyzed using a broad statistical basis. This is due to the considerable financial resources that the data collection entails. To overcome this shortcoming, a 3D-simulation model was developed. It generates virtual wood stacks of randomized composition based on one individual data set of logs, which may be real or defined by the user. In this study, the development and evaluation of the simulation model are presented. The model was evaluated by conducting a sensitivity and a quantitative analysis of the simulation outcomes based on real measurements of 405 logs of Norway spruce and 20 stacks constituted with these. The results of the simulation outcomes revealed a small overestimation of the net volume of real stacks: by 1.2% for net volume over bark and by 3.2% for net volume under bark. Furthermore, according to the calculated mean bias error (MBE), the model underestimates the gross volume by 0.02%. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis confirmed the capability of the model to adequately consider variations in the input parameters and to provide reliable outcomes. KW - Bark; Simulation and modeling; Wood; Computer software; Computerized simulations; Trees; Measurement; Friction Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4472 SN - 1932-6203 N1 - The software as well as the database used for the evaluation can be downloaded both at https://www.ag-rohholz.de/themen/projekt-hobeopt and at https://hnee.de/hobeopt. The source code can be accessed at: https://github.com/timpettenkofer/hoposim. IS - 17(3) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Miguel-Díez, Felipe A1 - Pettenkofer, Tim A1 - Wallor, Evelyn A1 - Tolosana-Esteban, Eduardo A1 - Purfürst, Thomas A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Influence of log and stack parameters on the conversion factors for Norway Spruce wood stacks using a 3D simulation model JF - International Journal of Forest Engineering N2 - One method for estimating the solid wood content in a stack involves using conversion factors and multiplying these by the measured gross volume. The conversion factors can vary depending on several log and stack parameters. The aim of this study was to analyze eleven parameters using a 3D simulation model based on 541 measured logs of Norway spruce. To this end, 50 data sets were created from measured logs, where the parameters of interest in this study (e.g., length, crookedness, taper …) were classified according to different ranges. After that, 64 runs of simulations were carried out. In each simulation run, 150 stacks were modeled. The simulation results were compared with previous studies and with the measurement guidelines of several countries. This analysis revealed that the parameters midpoint diameter, length, crookedness, delimbing quality and the proportion of moderately and highly crooked logs in a stack have a considerable influence on the conversion factors. Taper, proportion of butt logs in a stack and stack height have a modest effect as do the proportion of tapered and crooked logs for low and high taper and low crookedness. In contrast, ovality and the proportion of logs stacked in opposite directions have a marginal influence on the conversion factors. Based on findings from these analyses, the current measurement guidelines of different countries can now be adapted to achieve a higher degree of accuracy. KW - Roundwood measurement; conversion factors; solid wood content; software development Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4482 SN - 1494-2119 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 119 EP - 128 PB - Taylor & Francis ER - TY - JOUR A1 - de Miguel-Díez, Felipe A1 - Reder, Stefan A1 - Wallor, Evelyn A1 - Bahr, Henrik A1 - Blasko, Lubomir A1 - Mund, Jan-Peter A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Further application of using a personal laser scanner and simultaneous localization and mapping technology to estimate the log’s volume and its comparison with traditional methods JF - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation N2 - The aim of this study was the development of a methodical processing line for estimating the log’s volume from scanning logs using a long-range high-speed personal laser scanner (PLS) GeoSLAM ZEB HORIZON and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology in an open-source software framework of Cloud Compare. Additionally, the accuracy and precision of using PLS and the suggested method when measuring roundwood volume was examined compared to measurements made using a xylometer and estimations obtained from applying the formulae of Huber, Smalian and Newton. For this purpose, several parameters were measured in 50 logs of Norway spruce with an average length of 2.53 m and a mean diameter of 19.97 cm. Afterwards, the volume of these 50 logs was measured with a xylometer. The results of these measurements served as reference values. The same 50 logs were subsequently scanned with the PLS. The scans were converted into point clouds and were analyzed in Cloud Compare to estimate the volume of the scanned logs. Next, the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean bias error (MBE) as well as their relative values were calculated for the volumes determined in Cloud Compare and estimated with the above mentioned formulae. The calculated RMSE (and relative RMSE) determined a deviation of the logs' volumes estimated in Cloud Compare from the xylometric volumes of 2.88 dm3 (3.54%) whereas the deviations of the log’s volumes calculated applying the formulae of Huber, Smalian and Newton from the xylometric volumes were respectively 9.63 dm3 (11.83%), 10.33 dm3 (12.69%) and 4.69 dm3 (5.76%). The calculated MBE (and relative MBE) showed that the estimated volumes in Cloud Compare and those using the formulae were overestimated, with the lowest overestimation of 0.10 dm3 (0.12%) in Cloud Compare and the highest, 5.50 dm3 (6.75%), using the Smalian formula. Therefore, it can be stated that results of suggested methodical processing line came closest to the logs' volumes obtained with the xylometer, i.e., they were more accurate and precise compared to the conventionally formulae for log’s volume estimation. The implementation of this method has the potential filling a gap towards a wall-to-wall complete digitization of the roundwood commercialization and ensure transparency and acceptance between the stakeholders involved in the wood supply chain. KW - SLAM; Point cloud; Roundwood measurement; Wood supply chain Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4496 SN - 1872-826X IS - 109 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Grimpe, J. A1 - Lucke, S. A1 - Lorenz, T. A1 - Bloch, Ralf A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Agroforst auf trockenen Böden. On-Farm-Versuch in Brandenburg JF - LUMBRICO: konservierender ökologischer Landbau N2 - Die Anlage von Agroforstsystemen (AFS) wird seit einigen Jahren, auch in Deutschland, als Methode der Aufbauenden Landwirtschaft angesehen. Die Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE) erprobt diese Bewirtschaftungsform unter realen Bedingungen, im laufenden Geschäft eines Landwirtschaftsbetriebes – in einem sogenannten „Reallabor“. KW - Agroforst; On-Farm-Versuch; Brandenburg Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6441 SN - 1432-9387 IS - 11 SP - 41 EP - 45 PB - Emminger & Partner GmbH CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bloch, Ralf A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Wartenberg, Ariani A1 - Molitor, Heike A1 - Lorenz, Tommy T1 - Innovative Lehr- und Lernform zur Implementierung eines Agroforstsystems – 4 Jahre Erfahrungen aus dem Reallabor „Ackerbaum“ T2 - Nachhaltig wirken: Reallabore in der Transformation N2 - Das Wahlpflichtmodul Agroforst wird an der Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde als innovative Lehr- und Lernform, kurz ILL, von Studierenden für Studierende durchgeführt. Im Sinne einer offenen Lehrwerkstatt ist das Modul interdisziplinär ausgerichtet und für Bachelor- und Masterstudierende verschiedener Studiengänge anwählbar. Die studentischen Tutor:innen werden von zwei Professoren der Hochschule begleitet. Angeschlossen an das Modul ist neben Vorträgen und Exkursionen die Forschung im Reallabor „Ackerbaum“ wodurch transdisziplinäres Arbeiten vermittelt wird. Dabei handelt es sich um eine knapp 10 Hektar große Ackerfläche im Löwenberger Land, nördlich von Berlin. Auf dem die Studierenden sowohl Bäume pflanzen, als auch deren Wachstum und ihre Effekte auf das Mikroklima und die Ackerkulturen, sowie den Boden beobachten und dokumentieren. Wissenschaftliche Unterstützung erhält das Projekt durch Wissenschaftler:innen der Universität Bonn und dem ZALF e.V., die gemeinsam im „Agrarsysteme der Zukunft-Projekt – DAKIS“ (https://adz- dakis.com/ueber-dakis/) daran arbeiten, die Auswirkungen von Agroforstsystemen auf Ökosystemleistungen und Biodiversität zu erfassen und zu bewerten. In den vergangenen 4 Jahren 2017 – 2021 wurden von den Studierenden über 50 Projektberichte erstellt. Diese wurden aufwändig analysiert und mittels vorher definierter Indikatoren klassifiziert. Um weitere Rückschlüsse auf die Qualität der studentischen Lehre ziehen zu können, wurde in Umfragen die Meinung und Zufriedenheit der Studierenden als auch der Tutor:innen anonym abgefragt und ausgewertet. Die Daten werden aktuell ausgewertet und die Analyse kann auf der Tagung vorgestellt werden. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6736 N1 - Tagung, 2.-3. Juni 2022 in Karlsruhe ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Metzger, Lukas A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Bloch, Ralf A1 - Lorenz, Tommy T1 - Innovative Lehre zur Förderung der Agroforstwirtschaf JF - B&B Agrar N2 - Die Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE) geht neue Wege: Im Zusammenspiel aus Lehre, Forschung und Praxis soll die Agroforstwirtschaft in Deutschland gefördert werden. Ein Reallabor ermöglicht Studierenden dabei, teamorientiert und partizipativ zu lernen. Y1 - 2022 SN - 1618-9833 VL - 75 IS - 2 SP - 18 EP - 19 PB - Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung (BLE) ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Amponsem, Bright A1 - Bensah, Edem Cudjoe A1 - Ahiekpor, Julius Cudjoe A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Herold, Nadine A1 - Antwi, Edward A1 - Mensah, Isaac A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana A1 - Boahen, Benjamin T1 - Cleaner energy potential analysis for composite biomass residues from decentralized sawmills in Ghana- A case study for Oforikrom Municipality JF - Cleaner Engineering and Technology N2 - The variation of wood species processed in sawmills in developing countries generates composite waste which presents treatment challenges due to a lack of understanding of their physicochemical characteristics for proper planning for clean energy generation. Most of the waste is discarded or burnt openly which releases harmful gases into the environment. This study investigated the physicochemical characteristics of mixed sawdust generated from five wood species generated at a Ghanaian sawmill in Oforikrom Municipality for improving waste treatment. The particle size distribution (PSD), bulk density, proximate and ultimate values, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and structural analysis were used to characterize the composite sawdust for briquetting and gasification purposes. It was found that the net heating value (17.46 MJ/kg), some proximate and ultimate values meet briquette standard but high percentages of ash (2.95%), moisture (41.48%) and the possibility of nitrogen oxides emissions were notable challenges. PSD resulted in different high fine fractions which are unsuitable for densification. The increase of sieving amplitudes at 30, 50 and 80 rpm generated an average increase in sieve efficiency of fines by 4.22%. Mixing of fines (42.38–46.6%) and optimum particle size (53.40–57.62%) fractions was suggested as the best approach to enhance briquette density and durability. The FTIR spectra showed a range of peaks such as 1734.46 cm−1, 1620.48 cm−1, 1506.50 cm−1, 1462.02 cm−1, 1420.32 cm−1 etc. for functional groups identification. Composite sawdust spectra showed high absorbance with no shift of wavenumbers compared with temperate woods, however, it deviated massively when compared with industrial cellulose and organosolv lignin. TGA indicated that exact mixed wood pyrolysis temperatures, volatile and biochar fractions will always depend on sample compositions. The increase in heating rates yielded little significance to volatiles and char increments. Collection of clean sawdust and rooftop drying were recommended as a way of enhancing sawdust properties. Composite sawdust has a promising potential to support Ghana's activities for meeting the renewable energy generation targets. The understanding of these potential assessments is significant to boost the local municipality energy supply. KW - Composite sawdust; Heating value; Structural compositions; Particle size distribution; Thermogravimetric analysis; Bioenergy Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6154 SN - 2666-7908 IS - 11 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Litschel, Johannes A1 - Berendt, Ferréol A1 - Cremer, Tobias A1 - Welp, Martin T1 - Mit regenerativen Materialien zur Brandenburger Bauwende? JF - Holz-Zentralblatt N2 - Gemeinsam mit zahlreichen Akteuren aus Berlin und Brandenburg untersucht die Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE) in einem breit angelegten Modellvorhaben die Potenziale regenerativer Materialien für die Baubranche. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6213 SN - 0018-3792 VL - 148 IS - 36 SP - 608 EP - 608 PB - DRW-Verlag Weinbrenner GmbH & Co. KG ER -