TY - JOUR A1 - Nosenko, Tetyana A1 - Hanke-Uhe, Manuel A1 - Heine, Philip Alexander A1 - Shahid, Afsheen A1 - Dübel, Stefan A1 - Rennenberg, Heinz A1 - Schumacher, Jörg A1 - Winkler, Jana Barbro A1 - Schnitzler, Jörg-Peter A1 - Hänsch, Robert A1 - Kaufholdt, David T1 - Plant Defense Proteins as Potential Markers for Early Detection of Forest Damage and Diseases JF - Frontiers in Forests and Global Change N2 - Over the last two decades, European forest ecosystems have been exposed to increasing stress associated with an increasing number, duration and severity of extreme events triggered by climate change (Dyderski et al., 2018). For forest plants, the concomitant stresses are not limited to direct detrimental effects of rising temperatures, drought and heavy rainfall, but also include enhanced virulence of native plant pathogens and herbivores and the introduction of new pests (Stenlid and Oliva, 2016). The detection of forest diseases at an early stage, when visible symptoms cannot yet be observed, is a crucial prerequisite to counteract regional spreading of pathogens. However, the effective monitoring of forest damage and diseases requires reliable and easy-to-use portable test systems. KW - Forest disease diagnostic KW - Molecular markers KW - Antimicrobial peptides KW - Defensins KW - Plant defense Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2587 SN - 2624-893X VL - 4 PB - Frontiers ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hu, Bin A1 - Mithöfer, Axel A1 - Reichelt, Michael A1 - Eggert, Kai A1 - Peters, Franziska S. A1 - Ma, Ming A1 - Schumacher, Jörg A1 - Kreuzwieser, Jürgen A1 - von Wirén, Nicolaus A1 - Rennenberg, Heinz T1 - Systemic reprogramming of phytohormone profiles and metabolic traits by virulent Diplodia infection in its pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) host JF - Plant, Cell & Environment N2 - The widespread ascomycetous fungus Diplodia pinea is a latent, necrotrophic pathogen in Pinus species causing severe damages and world-wide economic losses. However, the interactions between pine hosts and virulent D. pinea are largely not understood. In the present study, systemic defence responses were investigated in non-inoculated, asymptomatic needles and roots of D. pinea infected saplings of two P. sylvestris provenances under controlled greenhouse conditions. Here, we show that D. pinea infection induced a multitude of systemic responses of the phytohormone profiles and metabolic traits. Shared systemic responses of both pine provenances in needles and roots included increased abscisic acid and jasmonic acid levels. Exclusively in the roots of both provenances, enhanced salicylic acid and reduced indole-3-acetic acid levels, structural biomass, and elevated activities of anti-oxidative enzymes were observed. Despite these similarities, the two pine provenances investigated different significantly in the systemic responses of both, phytohormone profiles and metabolic traits in needles and roots. However, the different systemic responses did not prevent subsequent destruction of non-inoculated needles, but rather prevented damage to the roots. Our results provide a detailed view on systemic defence mechanisms of pine hosts that are of particular significance for the selection of provenances with improved defence capacity. KW - anti-oxidative metabolism KW - Diplodia pinea inoculation KW - phytohormone profile KW - ROS accumulation KW - systemic-induced responses Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6571 SN - 0140-7791 VL - 44 IS - 8 SP - 2744 EP - 2764 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Schumacher, Jörg T1 - Schadorganismen am Baum des Jahres: die Rotbuche JF - AFZ Der Wald N2 - Die Rotbuche (Fagus sylvatica) wurde im Jahr 2022 zum 34. "Baum des Jahres" gewählt, nachdem sie diese Auszeichnung bereits im Jahr 1990 erhoelt. Als "Klimaxbaumart" stellt sie die "potenzielle natürliche Vegetation" in weiten Teilen Mittel- und Westeuropas dar und könnte nach geobotanischer Einschätzung auf bis zu 90 % der Waldfläche dominieren. Daher wird die Buche auch im zukümftigen Waldbau eine große Rolle spielen. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick zu den häufigsten Krankheiten und Schädlingen. Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5890 SN - 1430-2713 VL - 77 IS - 24 SP - 26 EP - 31 PB - Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag ER -