TY - JOUR A1 - Gohr, Charlotte A1 - von Wehrden, Henrik A1 - May, Felix A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Remotely sensed effectiveness assessments of protected areas lack a common framework: A review JF - Ecosphere N2 - Effective protected areas reflect socio-ecological values, such as biodiversity and habitat maintenance, as well as human well-being. These values, which safeguard ecosystem services in protected areas, are treated as models for the sustainable preservation and use of resources. While there is much research on the effectiveness of protected areas in a variety of disciplines, the question is whether there is a common framework that uses remote sensing methods. We conducted a qualitative and a quantitative analysis of 44 peer-reviewed scientific papers utilizing remote sensing data in order to examine the effectiveness of protected areas. Very few studies to date have a wide or even a global geographical focus; instead, most quantify the effectiveness of protected areas by focusing on local-scale case studies and single indicators such as forest cover change. Methods that help integrate spatial selection approaches, to compare a protected area's characteristics with its surroundings, are increasingly being used. Based on this review, we argue for a multi-indicator-based framework on protected area effectiveness, including the development of a consistent set of socio-ecological indicators for a global analysis. In turn, this will allow for globally applicable use, including a concrete evaluation that considers the diversity of regional parameters, biome-specific variables, and political frameworks. Ideally, such a framework will enhance the monitoring and evaluation of global strategies and conventions. KW - effectiveness; protected areas; remote sensing; socio-ecological indicators Y1 - 2022 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4799 SN - 2150-8925 N1 - Data are available from figshare: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17198771 VL - 13 IS - 4 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weiss, Fabio A1 - von Wehrden, Henrik A1 - Linde, Andreas T1 - Random year intercepts in mixed models help to assess uncertainties in insect population trends JF - Insect Conservation and Diversity N2 - 1. An increasing number of studies is investigating insect population trends based on time series data. However, the available data is often subject to temporal pseudoreplication. Inter-annual variability of environmental conditions and strong fluctuations in insect abundances can impede reliable trend estimation. Temporal random effect structures in regression models have been proposed as solution for this issue, but remain controversial. 2. We investigated trends in ground beetle abundance across 24 years using generalised linear mixed models. We fitted four models: A base model, a model featuring a random year intercept, a model featuring basic weather parameters, and a model featuring both random year intercept and weather parameters. We then performed a simple sensitivity analysis to assess the robustness of the four models with respect to influential years, also testing for possible spurious baseline and snapshot effects. 3. The model structure had a significant impact on the overall magnitude of the estimated trends. However, we found almost no difference among the models in how the removal of single years (sensitivity analysis) relatively affected trend coefficients. The two models with a random year intercept yielded significantly larger confidence intervals and their p-values were more sensitive during sensitivity analysis. Significant differences of the model with random year intercept and weather parameters to all other models suggest that the random year effects and specific weather effects are rather additive than interchangeable. 4. We conclude that random year intercepts help to produce more reliable and cautious uncertainty measures for insect population trends. Moreover, they might help to identify influential years in sensitivity analyses more easily. We recommend random year intercepts in addition to any variables representing temporally variable environmental conditions, such as weather variables. KW - arthropod decline KW - false baseline effect KW - insect decline KW - mixed models KW - robustness KW - sensitivity analysis KW - snapshot effect KW - temporal pseudoreplication KW - time series KW - uncertainty KW - year effects Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6496 SN - 1752-4598 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 531 EP - 537 PB - Wiley ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dabard, Caroline Hélène A1 - Gohr, Charlotte A1 - Weiss, Fabio A1 - von Wehrden, Henrik A1 - Neumann, Frederike A1 - Hordasevych, Solomiia A1 - Arieta, Bruno A1 - Hammerich, Jenny A1 - Meier, Caroline A1 - Jargow, Janine A1 - Luthardt, Vera A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. A1 - Ferreira, Ana Filipa T1 - Biosphere Reserves as model regions for transdisciplinarity? A literature review JF - Sustainability Science N2 - Abstract The World Network of Biosphere Reserves promotes learning sites for sustainable development, designated under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere programme (MAB). The programme aims to strengthen biodiversity conservation, economic development and capacity building. Scientific research in and about Biosphere Reserves is expected to support these objectives. In response to a strong focus on natural sciences and conservation issues, calls for transdisciplinary approaches emanated from science and the newest MAB Lima Action Plan. Yet, the extent and contributions of transdisciplinary research in Biosphere Reserves remains unexplored. This study provides a comprehensive and systematic screening of 3304 scientific publications in and about Biosphere Reserves published since 1975. Research within Biosphere Reserves spans a broad spectrum, encompassing social to political to ecological investigations, with a focus on natural sciences and studies conducted mainly in Europe and Asia. We identified an emerging field of transdisciplinary science in research, represented in 336 publications. Most transdisciplinary studies were conducted in Mexican and Indian Biosphere Reserves. While transdisciplinary research provided insights about participation, management and governance in Biosphere Reserves, its transformative potential could be enhanced, notably through stronger forms of participation of non-academic actors in research processes. Our review suggests strengthening knowledge co-creation about transformative solutions and interventions addressing deep leverage points. Scientific research could thereby enhance the role of Biosphere Reserves as model regions for sustainability transformations. KW - - KW - Systematic literature review KW - Leverage points KW - Protected areas KW - Transformative research KW - Participation Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-9497 SN - 1862-4065 SN - 1862-4057 VL - 19 IS - 6 SP - 2065 EP - 2081 PB - Springer Japan CY - Tokyo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Dabard, Caroline Hélène A1 - Gohr, Charlotte A1 - Weiss, Fabio A1 - von Wehrden, Henrik A1 - Neumann, Frederike A1 - Hordasevych, Solomiia A1 - Arieta, Bruno A1 - Hammerich, Jenny A1 - Meier, Caroline A1 - Jargow, Janine A1 - Luthardt, Vera A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. A1 - Ferreira, Ana Filipa T1 - Correction: Biosphere Reserves as model regions for transdisciplinarity? A literature review JF - Sustainability Science KW - - Y1 - 2024 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-9506 SN - 1862-4065 SN - 1862-4057 VL - 19 IS - 6 SP - 2083 EP - 2084 PB - Springer Japan CY - Tokyo ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gohr, Charlotte A1 - von Wehrden, Henrik A1 - Saatchi, Sassan A1 - Pettorelli, Nathalie A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Effectiveness of the world network of biosphere reserves in maintaining forest ecosystem functions JF - Communications Earth & Environment N2 - Abstract UNESCO biosphere reserves serve as learning areas for sustainable development, where preserving ecosystem functionality is an imperative. However, this critical assumption has yet to be thoroughly examined. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated differences in satellite-derived proxies of ecosystem functions in forests between inside and surrounding areas of biosphere reserves, globally. Our findings based on linear mixed effect models show that (i) only 18 of 119 biosphere reserves exhibited higher values for all forest ecosystem function proxies inside the reserves compared to outside, (ii) smaller reserves in fragmented forestscapes were more affected by hot day temperatures, and (iii) greater forest cover correlated with increased ecosystem functioning across all biomes. This study underscores the potential significance of biosphere reserves to biodiversity conservation efforts and the need for the integration of satellite-based, outcome-oriented proxies of ecosystem functions in assessments of protected area effectiveness. KW - - Y1 - 2025 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-9691 SN - 2662-4435 VL - 6 IS - 1 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER -