TY - JOUR A1 - Khalili, Niloofar A1 - Arshad, Muhammad A1 - Farajzadeh, Zakariya A1 - Kächele, Harald A1 - Müller, Klaus T1 - Effect of drought on smallholder education expenditures in rural Iran: Implications for policy JF - Journal of Environmental Management N2 - Drought is a major global environmental challenge. It affects the livelihoods of many people, mainly in developing countries. Iran is one of the most affected and vulnerable countries in the Middle East to drought. In this paper, we present a microlevel analysis by employing the Tobit multiplicative heteroscedasticity regression to examine the effects of drought on small farm household education expenditures in rural Iran. We collected primary data from a sample of 300 smallholders in Marvdasht County in Fars Province of Iran. The results revealed a negative relationship between the farm income and education expenditures. This means that the farm households in rural Iran that were affected by the drought increased their expenditures on education for their children. The analysis of income elasticity indicated that a one percent decrease in farm income led to a 0.86% increase in education expenditures, which indicated that the education expenditures were necessary. Furthermore, we observed that in drought-affected families, girls were more likely to be pulled out of university education than were boys; however, for school education, there were no significant differences between the boys and girls. Our findings revealed the need to provide improved facilities and further finances for education expenditures, especially for female university students, and to formulate environmental management policies that include the provision of education facilities by the government of Iran in drought-affected villages. Our findings also shed light on the presence of positive externalities and the important role of education in helping rural households better cope with the negative repercussions of drought on their livelihoods. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7250 SN - 1095-8630 IS - 260 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sam, Anu Susan A1 - Padmaja, Subash Surendran A1 - Kächele, Harald A1 - Kumar, Ranjit A1 - Müller, Klaus T1 - Climate change, drought and rural communities: Understanding people's perceptions and adaptations in rural eastern India JF - International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction N2 - Household's adaptation to drought risk consists of two steps. First step is acquiring knowledge on drought from previous drought experiences. Second step is formulation of local adaptation measures that can reduce drought risk. Lack of knowledge regarding households' perception about droughts and local adaptation measures are identified as barriers in formulating effective adaptation strategies and polices. Therefore, this paper aims to gather information on households' perceptions about drought impacts and local adaption and coping measures. We also analysed the potential determinants that affect the household's preferences for future adaptation and coping strategies. Data for the study was collected from 157 drought prone rural households of Odisha state in India. We employed both qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze the data. The major impacts of drought reported by rural people were the yield reduction/loss and issues of various diseases during drought. Although more than half of rural households reported adverse effects of drought, it was not their predominate concern. The most common coping measure adopted by the rural people during drought was reduction in the consumption of rice/cereals. The results indicate that rural people prefer to follow reduction in the food consumption strategy in future also. Family size, gender and education of household head and distance to nearby town influenced the preference of adaptation and coping strategies. This research can stand as one mainstay in providing insights to researches and policy makers in formulating strategies and policies for vulnerability reduction in rural India. Y1 - 2019 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7269 SN - 2212-4209 VL - 44 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hossain, Md. Shakhawat A1 - Arshad, Muhammad A1 - Qian, Lu A1 - Kächele, Harald A1 - Khan, Imran A1 - Islam, Md Din Il A1 - Mahboob, M. Golam T1 - Climate change impacts on farmland value in Bangladesh JF - Ecological Indicators N2 - Many studies have examined the effects of climate change on farmland value in developed countries, but our understanding of the impact of climate change on farmland value is still very limited, especially in developing countries. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of climate change on farmland value in Bangladesh using the Ricardian model. Household-level data collected from seven selected agroecological zones in Bangladesh were used to estimate the relationships among farmland value and long-term climate, farm household, and policy variables. The results showed that the current land values of farmers are sensitive to climate. A new variable called “flooding” was added to the Ricardian model, and the results indicated that floods are responsible for reductions in farmland value, especially in lowland areas. Among the socio-economic variables, the availability of extension services and access to irrigation facilities were positively correlated with farmland value. The estimated marginal impact results suggested that increases in temperature were associated with losses in small farmland value, whereas the precipitation levels in both seasons positively influenced farmland value. Selected global climate models predicted that climate change would have a negative impact on land value depending on the climate model and source of farm income. The empirical findings obtained from this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of sustainable adaptation strategies to maintain farm productivity and farmland value in Bangladesh in the context of climate change. KW - Climate change; Ricardian model; Farmland value; Flooding; Adaptation; Bangladesh Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7278 SN - 1872-7034 IS - 112 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mahmood, Nasir A1 - Arshad, Muhammad A1 - Kächele, Harald A1 - Ullah, Ayat A1 - Müller, Klaus T1 - Economic efficiency of rainfed wheat farmers under changing climate: evidence from Pakistan JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research N2 - Rainfed wheat farming directly depends upon climatic indicators and is mostly at the mercy of climatic extremes. This study analyzed the relationship between the economic efficiency of rainfed wheat farmers and indicators of climate variability in Pakistan employing a two-stage methodological framework. We used farm household level crop input-output and management data and secondary data on climate. In the first stage, a stochastic production frontier (SPF) approach was used to calculate economic efficiency. Then, in the second stage, the calculated economic efficiency scores were regressed against the temperature threshold, temperature anomaly, and total rainfall, in addition to socioeconomic, institutional, and farm variables, using OLS and quantile regression models. The results showed that temperature anomaly and the number of days when temperatures exceed 30 °C have negative and significant impacts on the economic efficiency of rainfed wheat farmers. Total rainfall showed positive and significant impacts across both OLS and quantile regression models. Further, we modeled a novel and very important variable in the context of rainfed wheat production in Pakistan, that is, farmers’ participation in trainings in climate-resilient crop farming. This variable showed a positive and highly significant impact on economic efficiency of wheat farmers across all regression models. Our findings call for important policy implications, including developing up-to-date climate resilient adaptation strategies that are particularly focused on rainfed wheat farming. Establishing strong linkages between extension departments and rainfed wheat farmers could help sustain and improve the efficiency of rainfed wheat farmers and hence food and livelihood security. KW - Climate variability; Economic efficiency; Rainfed wheat; Stochastic production frontier; Quantile regression; Climate resilient crop farming Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7287 SN - 1614-7499 IS - 27 SP - 34453 EP - 34467 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nautiyal, Sunil A1 - Smitha, K. C. A1 - Kächele, Harald ED - Roy, Niranjan ED - Roychoudhury, Shubhadeep ED - Nautiyal, Sunil ED - Agarwal, Sunil K. ED - Baksi, Sangeeta T1 - Medicinal Plant Biodiversity in India: Harnessing Opportunities for Promoting Livelihood and Food Security T2 - Socio-economic and Eco-biological Dimensions in Resource use and Conservation - Strategies for Sustainability N2 - India’s rich biodiversity is distributed across its ecological regions. Traditional medicinal plants are recognised for their value and they constitute source of livelihood and food security for large Indian population. Cultivation of medicinal plants is also a source of income; thereby improve the standard of living for local communities and reduce poverty. Yet, today Indian medicinal habitat and ecosystem are going through tremendous pressure for meeting the requirement of various pharmaceutical and aroma-chemicals related industries. The objective of this paper is to synthesis the existing information on current status; explore the potential opportunities and constraints in medicinal plant cultivation in India. Based on the documentation of two cases i.e., Bhotiya tribe of Central Himalayan Region and Soliga tribe of Biligiri Ranga-swamy Temple Tiger Reserve (BRTTR), an attempt has been made to suggest a framework for harnessing medicinal plant cultivation for promoting food security in India. Finally, SWOT analysis of medicinal plants and food security in India has been presented. KW - Medicinal plants; Biodiversity; Bhotiya tribal community; Soliga tribal community; Food security Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7306 SN - 978-3-030-32462-9 SP - 135 EP - 169 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Müller, Michael A1 - Sommer, Jörg A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Leitschuh, Heike ED - Brunnengräber, Achim ED - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Loske, Reinhard ED - Müller, Michael ED - Sommer, Jörg ED - von Weizsäcker, Ernst Ulrich T1 - Heimat - Ein schwieriges Thema T2 - Ökologie und Heimat - gutes Leben für alle oder die Rückkehr der braunen Naturschützer? N2 - Heimat ist gerade in der deutschen Debatte ein mehrdimensionaler Begriff. Die Auseinandersetzung mit ihm erfordert ein Aushalten und vor allem ein Austragen von Differenzen und Gegensätzen, von Spannungen zwischen Sicherheit und Unsicherheit, Nähe und Ferne, Vertrauen und Misstrauen, Geborgenheit und Einsamkeit, Demokratie und Chauvinismus. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6942 SN - 978-3-7776-2864-6 SP - 14 EP - 25 PB - S. Hirzel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. A1 - Sommer, Jörg ED - Leitschuh, Heike ED - Brunnengräber, Achim ED - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Loske, Reinhard ED - Müller, Michael ED - Sommer, Jörg ED - von Weizsäcker, Ernst Ulrich T1 - Heimaterde und Heimat Erde - Globale Verantwortung statt "Blut und Boden" T2 - Ökologie und Heimat - gutes Leben für alle oder die Rückkehr der braunen Naturschützer? N2 - Wir haben die identitätsstiftenden Natur- und Kulturräume im Namen des Fortschritts zerstört. Daran sind wir selbst schuld und keineswegs andere Menschen, die sich in unserer auf Raub und Zerstörung basierenden Gesellschaft vermeintlich nicht integrieren wollen. Die Antwort in Form eines "Heimatministeriums" ist verlogen, weil es sich in keinerlei Weise um die Bekämpfung der wahren Ursachen der Zerstörung unseres Lebensraum bemüht. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6950 SN - 978-3-7776-2864-6 SP - 26 EP - 39 PB - S. Hirzel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Leitschuh, Heike ED - Brunnengräber, Achim ED - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Loske, Reinhard ED - Müller, Michael ED - Sommer, Jörg ED - von Weizsäcker, Ernst Ulrich T1 - Eine Ökologie gegen Rechts - von Ökosystemen Unsicherheit und Demut lernen T2 - Ökologie und Heimat - gutes Leben für alle oder die Rückkehr der braunen Naturschützer? N2 - Die Sozial- und Naturwissenschaften des 19. Jahrhunderts befruchteten sich gegenseitig und gebaren mit der Evolutionstheorie nicht nur eine kopernikanische Revolution, sondern auch ein folgenschweres Missverständnis. Die Idee des Kampfes ums Dasein wurde zu einem biologistischen Fundament völkisch-rassistischer Ideologie. Die Erkenntnisse der modernen Ökologie sind weder mit dem simplen Prinzip des Überlebens der Stärkeren noch mit einem Gleichgewicht in der Natur vereinbar. Vielmehr ist das Ausmaß von Kooperation und Integration im stetig anwachsenden Netzwerk des Lebens geeignet, ein völlig neues Bild von funktionierenden ökologischen und sozialen Systemen zu inspirieren. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6968 SN - 978-3-7776-2864-6 SP - 191 EP - 205 PB - S. Hirzel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. A1 - Sommer, Jörg ED - Leitschuh, Heike ED - Brunnengräber, Achim ED - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Loske, Reinhard ED - Müller, Michael ED - Sommer, Jörg ED - von Weizsäcker, Ernst Ulrich T1 - Für einen globalen Ökohumanismus - Wie wir die Grenzen von Natur- und Heimatschutz überwinden T2 - Ökologie und Heimat - gutes Leben für alle oder die Rückkehr der braunen Naturschützer? N2 - Die kommenden gesellschaftlichen Großkonflikte werden ganz erheblich von ökologischen Faktoren beeinflusst. Dennoch wird die ökologische Frage nicht im Zentrum stehen, da kurz- und mittelfristig soziale Spannungen in den Vordergrund drängen. Wie kann sie dennoch die nötige Berücksichtigung erfahren? Durch eine Weiterentwicklung ökologischen Denkens zu einem radikalen und globalen Ökohumanismus. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6976 SN - 978-3-7776-2864-6 SP - 231 EP - 244 PB - S. Hirzel ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Michler, Thomas A1 - Aschenbrand, Erik ED - Heurich, Marco ED - Mauch, Christof T1 - »Natur Natur sein lassen« T2 - Urwald der Bayern: Geschichte, Politik und Natur im Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-525-36095-8 SN - 978-3-666-36095-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13109/9783666360954.165 SP - 165 EP - 184 PB - Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bartkowski, Bartosz A1 - Bartke, Stephan A1 - Helming, Katharina A1 - Paul, Carsten A1 - Techen, Anja-Kristina A1 - Hansjürgens, Bernd T1 - Potential of the economic valuation of soil-based ecosystem services to inform sustainable soil management and policy JF - PeerJ N2 - The concept of ecosystem services, especially in combination with economic valuation, can illuminate trade-offs involved in soil management, policy and governance, and thus support decision making. In this paper, we investigate and highlight the potential and limitations of the economic valuation of soil-based ecosystem services to inform sustainable soil management and policy. We formulate a definition of soil-based ecosystem services as basis for conducting a review of existing soil valuation studies with a focus on the inclusion of ecosystem services and the choice of valuation methods. We find that, so far, the economic valuation of soil-based ecosystem services has covered only a small number of such services and most studies have employed cost-based methods rather than state-of-the-art preference-based valuation methods, even though the latter would better acknowledge the public good character of soil related services. Therefore, the relevance of existing valuation studies for political processes is low. Broadening the spectrum of analyzed ecosystem services as well as using preference-based methods would likely increase the informational quality and policy relevance of valuation results. We point out options for improvement based on recent advances in economic valuation theory and practice. We conclude by investigating the specific roles economic valuation results can play in different phases of the policy-making process, and the specific requirements for its usefulness in this context. KW - Agri-environmental policy; Ecosystem services; Economic valuation; Literature review; Multifunctionality; Policy cycle; Soil management Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6319 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Techen, Anja-K. A1 - Helming, Katharina A1 - Brüggemann, Nicolas A1 - Veldkamp, Edzo A1 - Reinhold-Hurek, Barbara A1 - Lorenz, Marco A1 - Bartke, Stephan A1 - Heinrich, Uwe A1 - Amelung, Wulf A1 - Augustin, Katja A1 - Boy, Jens A1 - Corre, Marife A1 - Duttman, Rainer A1 - Gebbers, Robin A1 - Gentsch, Norman A1 - Grosch, Rita A1 - Guggenberger, Georg A1 - Kern, Jürgen A1 - Kiese, Ralf A1 - Kuhwald, Michael A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Wiesmeier, Martin A1 - Winkelmann, Traud A1 - Vogel, Hans-Jörg ED - Sparks, Donald L. T1 - Chapter Four - Soil research challenges in response to emerging agricultural soil management practices T2 - Advances in Agronomy N2 - Agricultural management is a key force affecting soil processes and functions. Triggered by biophysical constraints as well as rapid structural and technological developments, new management practices are emerging with largely unknown impacts on soil processes and functions. This impedes assessments of the potential of such emerging practices for sustainable intensification, a paradigm coined to address the growing demand for food and nonfood products. In terms of soil management, sustainable intensification means that soil productivity is increased while other soil functions and services, such as carbon storage and habitat for organisms, are simultaneously maintained or even improved. In this paper we provide an overview of research challenges to better understand how emerging soil management practices affect soil processes and functions. We distinguish four categories of soil management practices: spatial arrangements of cropping systems, crops and rotations, mechanical pressures, and inputs into the soil. Key research needs identified for each include nutrient efficiency in agroforestry versus conventional cropping systems, soil-rhizosphere microbiome elucidation to understand the interacting roles of crops and rotations, the effects of soil compaction on soil–plant–atmosphere interactions, and the ecotoxicity of plastics, pharmaceuticals and other pollutants that are introduced into the soil. We establish an interdisciplinary, systemic approach to soil science and include cross-cutting research activities related to process modeling, data management, stakeholder interaction, sustainability assessment and governance. The identification of soil research challenges from the perspective of agricultural management facilitates cooperation between different scientific disciplines in the field of sustainable agricultural production. KW - Soil functions KW - Agricultural management KW - Future KW - Research challenges Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agron.2020.01.002 SN - 0065-2113 IS - 161 SP - 179 EP - 240 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - BOOK ED - Leitschuh, Heike ED - Brunnengräber, Achim ED - Ibisch, Pierre L. ED - Loske, Reinhard ED - Müller, Michael ED - Sommer, Jörg ED - von Weizsäcker, Ernst Ulrich T1 - Ökologie und Heimat - Gutes Leben für alle oder die Rückkehr der braunen Naturschützer? T3 - Jahrbuch Ökologie 2021 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6939 SN - 978-3-7776-2864-6 PB - S. Hirzel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Selva, Nuria A1 - Chylarecki, Przemysław A1 - Jonsson, Bengt-Gunnar A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Misguided forest action in EU Biodiversity Strategy T2 - Science Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6130 SN - 0036-8075 SN - 1095-9203 VL - 368 IS - 6498 SP - 1438 EP - 1439 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mallok, Jörn T1 - Die Ebermarke der Linoleumfabrik – Vorbild für das neue Gütesiegel aus Eberswalde T2 - Eberswalder Jahrbuch Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5597 SN - 2750-9923 SP - 102 EP - 125 PB - Verein für Heimatkunde zu Eberswalde e.V. ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cremer, Tobias T1 - Zu Besuch bei den Nasenbeißern JF - Deutsches Bienen-Journal Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6012 SN - 0943-2914 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 66 EP - 68 PB - Deutscher Bauernverlag GmbH ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alff, Henryk T1 - Book review to: Nomads and Soviet Rule: Central Asia under Lenin and Stalin. - by Alun Thomas, London et al.: Bloomsbury Academic, 2018, ix‒xii + 257 pp., ISBN 9781350143685 JF - Nomadic Peoples Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6037 SN - 9781350143685 SN - 0822-7942 SN - 1752-2366 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 352 EP - 354 PB - White Horse Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kätzel, Ralf A1 - Schröder, Jens A1 - Becker, Frank A1 - Leinemann, Ludger A1 - Grüll, Martin A1 - Hosius, Bernhard A1 - Löffler, Sonja T1 - Die Rot-Eiche (Quercus rubra L.) - Von der Ersatzbank ins Spielfeld? T2 - Wald im Wandel - Risiken und Lösungsansätze : Tagungsband zum 15. Eberswalder Winterkolloquium 2020 T3 - Eberswalder forstliche Schriftenreihe - 69 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6294 SP - 95 EP - 106 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Riek, Winfried A1 - Russ, Alexander A1 - Grüll, Martin T1 - Zur Abschätzung des standörtlichen Anbaurisikos von Baumarten im Klimawandel im nordostdeutschen Tiefland T2 - Wald im Wandel - Risiken und Lösungsansätze : Tagungsband zum 15. Eberswalder Winterkolloquium 2020 T3 - Eberswalder forstliche Schriftenreihe - 69 Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5811 SP - 49 EP - 71 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kröger, Melanie A1 - Wittwer, Alexandra A1 - Pape, Jens ED - Kröger, Melanie ED - Pape, Jens ED - Wittwer, Alexandra T1 - Unverpackt einkaufen: eigentlich ganz einfach, oder? BT - Perspektiven auf die Herausforderungen eines Vermarktungskonzeptes in der Nische T2 - Einfach weglassen? : ein wissenschaftliches Lesebuch zur Reduktion von Plastikverpackungen im Lebensmittelhandel N2 - Der vorliegende Beitra gibt Einblicke in die Entwicklung des Unverpacktkonzeptes im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel in Deutschland und stellt die vielfältigen Herausforderungen, die das Weglassen von Lebensmittelverpackungen begleiten, vor. Die Ergebnisse basieren auf empirischen Erhebungen im Rahmen des transdisziplinären Forschungsprojektes "Der verpackungsfreie Supermarkt", das von 2016 bis 2020 die Herausforderungen, Hürden und Potenziale des Unverpacktkonzeptes untersucht und in Kooperation mit der Praxis weiterentwickelt hat. Mit dem Projekt liegen nun erstmals fundierte Erkenntnisse dazu vor, warum es für alle Stufen der Wertschöpfungskette so herausfordernd ist, Verpackungen "einfach" wegzulassen. Y1 - 2020 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5828 SN - 978-3-96238-243-8 SP - 57 EP - 81 PB - oekom Verlag ER -