@article{MartensOeztuerkRindtetal.2022, author = {Martens, D{\"o}rte and {\"O}zt{\"u}rk, {\"O}yk{\"u}m and Rindt, Lara and Twarok, Jana and Steinhardt, Uta and Molitor, Heike}, title = {Supporting biodiversity: Structures of participatory actions in urban green spaces}, series = {Frontiers in Sustainable Cities}, volume = {4}, journal = {Frontiers in Sustainable Cities}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2624-9634}, doi = {10.3389/frsc.2022.952790}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3636}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Biodiversity loss is an important topic considering climate change, global warming, and even the reasoning of current and future animal-related diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Urban biodiversity is also important because of the ecosystem services they provide, restorative benefits for well-being, and physical health of the people who live in urban areas. Each city has its own strategies to cope with this issue, and these strategies do not function without the contribution of habitants of the cities. We developed an index (BBS) of the existing possibilities to support urban biodiversity in Berlin to measure the awareness and willingness of the Berliners to participate and support urban biodiversity. A survey was conducted in a face-to-face situation in four districts of Berlin with 431 urban residents, measuring preference for three different levels of biodiversity, connectedness to residential greenspace, neighborhood and city, nature relatedness, and willingness in participatory actions around greenspace. The results show that the high biodiversity condition in a photo scenario was preferred by most residents, indicating the appreciation for urban biodiversity. The connectedness to the residential greenspace was high (and higher than the connectedness to neighborhood and city), showing large potential for quality of life. While the overall willingness to participate in actions to support urban greenspace was rather high, our index shows substantial differences in activities, which are perceived more or less. This is a key result for urban park management to increase urban biodiversity participation processes.}, language = {en} } @article{PerkovićPaulVasićetal.2022, author = {Perković, Stanislava and Paul, Carsten and Vasić, Filip and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Human Health and Soil Health Risks from Heavy Metals, Micro(nano)plastics, and Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Agricultural Soils}, series = {Agronomy}, volume = {12}, journal = {Agronomy}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-4395}, doi = {10.3390/agronomy12122945}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3739}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Humans are exposed to agricultural soils through inhalation, dermal contact, or the consumption of food. Human health may be at risk when soils are contaminated; while some soil contaminants such as heavy metals (HMs) have been extensively studied, others such as micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) or antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) pose novel threats. This paper investigates the linkages between soil contamination and human health risk by reviewing the state of knowledge on HMs, MNPs, and ARB in agricultural soils. A keyword-based search in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted, complemented with a backward snowball search. We analysed main sources of contamination for agricultural soils, risks to human health differentiated by uptake pathway (ingestion, inhalation, dermal), and interactions of contaminants with microorganism, soil fauna, and plants. Results show that the emergence and spread of ARB and antibiotic resistant genes from agricultural soils and their contribution to antibiotic resistances of human pathogens is recognized as a significant threat. Likewise, a growing body of evidence indicates that MNPs are able to enter the food chain and to have potentially harmful effects on human health. For HM, knowledge of the effects on human health is well established. Multiple agricultural practices increase HM concentrations in soils, which may lead to adverse health effects from the ingestion of contaminated products or inhalation of contaminated soil particles. Severe knowledge gaps exist about the pathways of the contaminants, their behaviour in soil, and human uptake. Little is known about long-term exposure and impacts of MNPs, antibiotics and ARB on human health or about the possible combined effects of MNPs, ARB, and HMs. Missing monitoring systems inhibit a comprehensive assessment of human health risks. Our research demonstrates the need for human health risk assessment in the context of agricultural soils, in particular to be able to assess risks related to measures reinforcing the concept of the circular economy.}, language = {en} } @article{LorenzGersterWodzinowskietal.2022, author = {Lorenz, Tommy and Gerster, Lea and Wodzinowski, Dustin Elias and Wartenberg, Ariani and Martetschl{\"a}ger, Lea and Molitor, Heike and Cremer, Tobias and Bloch, Ralf}, title = {Innovative Teaching and Learning Formats for the Implementation of Agroforestry Systems—An Impact Analysis after Five Years of Experience with the Real-World Laboratory "Ackerbaum"}, series = {Forests}, volume = {13}, journal = {Forests}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f13071064}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3092}, pages = {14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Since 2017, the Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNEE) offers transformative learning modules in their curricula, which are called ITL—Innovative Teaching and Learning formats. Student tutors change into the role of teachers and organize lectures, excursions, and assignments at the Real-World Laboratory "Ackerbaum"—an agroforestry system in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. Students can learn about agroforestry systems, participate in research, and take practical action. The examination of the module is a scientific report linked to the experimental area. In this study, an attempt was made to verify the quality and impact of teaching formats in the ITL via the analysis of 53 reports created by 170 students as well as surveys among participants. For this purpose, indicators were formulated that capture the quality of scientific methods and the contribution to higher education for sustainable development. Students and tutors appreciate the open working atmosphere and the possibility to actively participate in the course; many leave the module motivated. Some even move toward transformation in agriculture professionally as, e.g., consultants in the field of agroforestry. As a transformative institution, HNEE offers with ITL a rare opportunity for practical application, scientific methods, and transdisciplinary collaboration with different stakeholders to work on future models to change today's agriculture.}, language = {en} } @article{ThevsAlievEmilevaetal.2022, author = {Thevs, Niels and Aliev, Kumar and Emileva, Begayim and Yuldasheva, Dilfuza and Eshchanova, Guzal and Welp, Martin}, title = {Potential of Agroforestry to Provide Wood Resources to Central Asia}, series = {Forests}, volume = {13}, journal = {Forests}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f13081193}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3104}, pages = {14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Agroforestry systems have the potential to provide timber and wood as a domestic raw material, as well as an additional source of income for rural populations. In Central Asia, tree windbreaks from mainly poplar trees have a long tradition, but were largely cut down as source for fuel wood after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. As Central Asia is a forest-poor region, restoration of tree windbreaks has the potential to provide timber and wood resources to that region. This study aimed to assess the potential of tree windbreaks to contribute to domestic timber and wood production. Methods: This study rests on a GIS-based analysis, in which tree lines (simulated by line shape files) were intersected with cropland area. The tree data to calculate timber and wood volumes stem from a dataset with 728 single trees from a relevant range of climatic conditions. Results: The potential annually available timber volumes from tree windbreaks with 500 m spacing are 2.9 million m3 for Central Asia as a whole and 1.5 million m3 for Uzbekistan alone, which is 5 times the current domestic roundwood production and imports of the country. Conclusions: tree windbreaks offer untapped potential to deliver wood resources domestically as a raw material for wood-based value chains.}, language = {en} } @article{StarikGoettert2022, author = {Starik, Nicole and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas}, title = {Bats adjust echolocation and social call design as a response to urban environments}, series = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2022.939408}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3140}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Behavioral traits play a major role in the successful adaptation of wildlife to urban conditions. We investigated and compared the acoustic behavior of free ranging bats in rural (Havelland, Brandenburg) and urban (Berlin city center) green areas (n = 6 sites) to assess possible effects of urbanization on bat vocalizations using automated real-time recordings from May to October 2020 and 2021. We show that foraging and social call activity of commonly occurring bat species was lower in urban areas compared to rural areas. We present data on rural-urban variation in acoustic parameters of echolocation and Type D social calls (produced during flight) using the example of the common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus. Calls from urban sites revealed significantly higher end and peak frequencies compared to rural site calls. In addition, urban social calls present a higher degree of complexity as they structurally differed from rural social calls with regard to assemblage and number of call components. Moreover, urban social calls were emitted in a presumably different context than rural calls: antagonistic social calls in urban areas were detected throughout the year and in the acoustic absence of conspecifics and heterospecifics. Our results provide evidence for the ability of P. pipistrellus to modulate temporal and spectral features of echolocation and social calls, as well as patterns of social call production, in order to compensate for constraints imposed by the urban acoustic environment. We suggest that this acoustic behavioral plasticity plays a major role in the degree of adaptation of insectivorous bats to urban habitats.}, language = {en} } @article{SchultzGlemnitzStachowetal.2022, author = {Schultz, Alfred and Glemnitz, Michael and Stachow, Ulrich and Schwierz, Friederike}, title = {Changes in a Bird Community in an Agricultural Landscape in Northeast Germany between 1999 and 2015}, series = {Land}, volume = {11}, journal = {Land}, number = {12}, editor = {Petri{\c{s}}or, Alexandru-Ionuţ}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-445X}, doi = {10.3390/land11122115}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3750}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Temporal changes in the bird community of an agricultural landscape in northeast Germany were analysed covering three different analytical foci (landscape-wide, habitat types, sample plots) and two aggregation levels of bird observation data (whole bird community, bird guilds). The analyses are based on a systematic data sampling over two multi-year campaigns (1999-2002; 2013-2015). Our analyses address the question of how changes in the occurrences of agricultural birds (numbers of species and of individuals) at local spots manifest themselves in the landscape as a whole. By summarizing all findings concerning single variables (number of species, observation frequencies, abundances, different habitat types, bird guilds), a dramatic, systematic decline of the bird community at sample plots was discovered between the campaigns, which is not yet recognisable across the whole landscape in terms of species richness. Furthermore, we found that landscape-wide, the birds' use of habitat changed; the variability between single sample plots increased strongly and most species occurred at fewer sample plots over the whole landscape. Obviously, sample plots with high bird occurrences are becoming more relevant for maintaining bird communities over the whole landscape. Bird community composition changed significantly within the observation period.}, language = {en} } @article{BlumroederSchmidtGordonetal.2022, author = {Blumr{\"o}der, Jeanette Silvin and Schmidt, Frederic and Gordon, Anat and Grosse, Stefanie and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Ecosystemic resilience of a temperate post-fire forest under extreme weather conditions}, series = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change}, number = {5}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2624-893X}, doi = {10.3389/ffgc.2022.1070958}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3825}, pages = {1 -- 16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Introduction The effects of climate change are exacerbating the fire risk in forests worldwide. Conifer plantations in particular are especially vulnerable to fire outbreaks. At the end of the extraordinarily hot and dry summer of 2018, a forest pine plantation burned in Brandenburg, NE Germany. Different forestry interventions were carried out after the fire, while one area of the damaged plantation remained untouched. Methods We investigated the resilience of the forest ecosystem and the effectiveness of different active and passive forest restoration measures during the subsequent relatively warm and dry years 2019-2021. Results One year after the fire, Populus tremula showed strong spontaneous colonization at all sites. In contrast, the majority of planted Pinus sylvestris plantlets died on the plots that had been salvage-logged after the fire. Three years after the fire, Populus tremula successfully established itself as the dominant tree species on all plots, with the highest abundance on the plot where the overstorey of the dead pines was left. Betula pendula, Salix caprea, and Pinus sylvestris showed lower abundance, with their proportion increasing with decreasing cover by dead trees. The distribution of regrowing trees is very heterogeneous across the different treatments and plots. In the clear-cut plots, the extreme microclimatic conditions expose the young trees to additional heat and drought, while the retention of deadwood measurably buffers the temperature and water stress. Discussion The resilience and adaptability of naturally regenerating forests that develop into ecosystems that are more diverse seem more promising than restoration through intervention. Apart from hampering restoration under extreme weather conditions, post-fire salvage logging contributes to soil degradation and loss of organic carbon.}, language = {en} } @article{GoettertStarik2022, author = {G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Starik, Nicole}, title = {Human-Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity}, series = {Diversity}, volume = {14}, journal = {Diversity}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1424-2818}, doi = {10.3390/d14050380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2828}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Here, we address the question of if/to what extent human-wildlife conflict (HWC) can be reduced or mitigated by supra-regional or even global approaches, or whether case- and region-specific strategies are necessary. First, we try to shift the perspective from humans towards wildlife and regard modern era (near) extinctions of selected wildlife species as an ultimate expression of HWC. We then reflect on the legitimacy of ecosystem comparisons beyond the borders of biogeographical regions—an important prerequisite for global approaches. In the following, we present two case scenarios that exemplarily illustrate the topic from different perspectives: carnivore-livestock conflicts (classical view, human perspective) and wind turbine-induced mortality of bats (wildlife perspective, rarely regarded as a form of HWC). On this basis, we try to develop a framework that enables a global approach, while adequately considering case- and region-specificity. We think that a globally valid and generally approachable dimension can be defined, as long as there is a natural link: in the present case the established monophyly of the orders Carnivora and Chiroptera, i.e., representatives descending from common ancestors, thus sharing common ecological features. This natural relationship among all representatives of a systematic group (specification of the "wildlife" concept) is key for the development of an overarching strategy that can be adjusted to a specific case.}, language = {en} } @article{LauterbachBantle2022, author = {Lauterbach, Josephine and Bantle, Christina}, title = {"For More Diversity, Better Taste and My Own Health" Exploring Organic Consumers' Purchasing Motives for Heirloom Vegetable Varieties}, series = {Sustainability}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {14(7)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su14074068}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2992}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Agrobiodiversity is the foundation of our ecosystems and food supply. However, agrobiodiversity is declining rapidly. A prominent strategy to safeguard endangered varieties, an important component of agrobiodiversity, is their cultivation and preservation in their natural environments. In order to make the cultivation of these varieties attractive to farmers, a functioning value chain and communication concepts for these goods have to be developed. Using heirloom vegetable varieties as an example, we examine existing communication approaches for endangered varieties and evaluate their suitability to transport their added value to organic consumers. We furthermore examine organic consumers' purchasing motives to buy heirloom vegetable varieties. We collected data in three focus group discussions in Berlin (Germany) in 2018. This exploratory study shows that existing communication approaches for heirloom vegetable varieties strongly appeal to altruistic and biospheric purchasing motives. However, our results suggest that egoistic and hedonic purchasing motives are just as important to organic consumers. Hence, existing communication approaches for heirloom vegetable varieties, including the "Red List of Endangered Local Crops", are not entirely suitable to communicate the added value of biodiversity-enhancing products to consumers. Based on these results, we will develop a holistic communication scheme for heirloom vegetable varieties for organic supermarkets and further distribution channels in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{UllahSaqibKaechele2022, author = {Ullah, Ayat and Saqib, Shahab E. and K{\"a}chele, Harald}, title = {Determinants of Farmers' Awareness and Adoption of Extension Recommended Wheat Varieties in the Rainfed Areas of Pakistan}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {14}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su14063194}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3496}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Scientific evidence suggests that there is room for eradicating poverty and hunger by increasing food production through the adoption of modern agricultural practices by farmers. This study aimed, first, to explore the relationship between the farmers' awareness and adoption of improved wheat varieties. Second, it aimed to find the key factors that govern the farmers' awareness and adoption of extension-recommended innovations in the rainfed cropping system of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were collected from 395 respondents. A binary logit model was used to analyze the effect of the farmers' socioeconomic and farm-specific characteristics on their awareness and adoption of the extension-suggested wheat varieties. Moreover, qualitative data from 40 key informants were collected for in-depth analysis. The results show a strong association between the farmers' awareness of a technology (improved wheat varieties) and its adoption. The results of the logit model show that their extension contacts, income from agriculture, and access to credit positively affected the farmers' awareness, whereas their education and household sizes negatively affected their awareness. Moreover, the factors that positively influenced the farmers' decision to adopt the technology included the extension contact, the confidence in the extension, the risk-bearing attitude, and the credit access, whereas the household size and education negatively affected it. The results of the key informant interviews reveal that the high incidence of poverty, the low soil fertility, the farmers' inability to make effective decisions, the lack of accurate weather predictability in the rainfed farming system, the lack of government interest, and the asymmetric information in the inputs markets contributed to the farmers' low levels of awareness and to their poor adoption of improved agricultural technologies. These results indicate that any intervention aimed at the awareness and adoption by farmers of improved technologies, such as new wheat varieties, should recognize the heterogeneity in the farmers' socioeconomic and farm-specific characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{MissallWelpMehtaetal.2022, author = {Missall, Siegmund and Welp, Martin and Mehta, Kedar and Degembaeva, Nadira and Akmatov, Kuban and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried}, title = {In Search for the Optimal Forest Use Behaviour: Riparian Forest Use in Central Asia, Using the Example of Ak-Tal, Naryn, Kyrgyzstan}, series = {Forests}, volume = {13}, journal = {Forests}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f13081254}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3508}, pages = {19}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Riparian forests are rare and valuable ecosystems in Central Asia, both due to their significance for biodiversity and to their provision of vital ecosystem services to local residents. However, the actual forest use behaviour is under-researched, official figures may not be trustworthy, and the question of over-use is up in the air. This paper sets out to shed light on riparian forest use behaviour by local residents using the example of Ak-Tal Village upon the Naryn River in Kyrgyzstan: Which economic use patterns do they practice (focusing on fuel wood and pasture)? Which other ecosystem services do they recognise? Is there forest over-exploitation? To answer these questions, this study builds on local knowledge, by applying the methods of focus group discussions and a household survey. Results show an extreme discrepancy between official wood consumption figures (50-60 m3 p.a.) and figures based on household wood consumption (310-404 m3 p.a.). The forest also serves as an important winter pasture over the seven months between October and April (stocking density 0.61 livestock units/ha), but payments for these ecosystem services are low, with annually 40 KGS/ha. Local residents are aware of additional material and nonmaterial ecosystem services of the riparian forest. Opinions diverge upon the question if there is forest over-exploitation, potentially because different stakeholders have different concepts of an optimal forest status. Consequently, optimal forest use behaviour can only be defined by the local users themselves, e.g., in a future stakeholder dialogue.}, language = {en} } @misc{FranzkeCiulloGilmoreetal.2022, author = {Franzke, Christian L E and Ciullo, Alessio and Gilmore, Elisabeth A and Matias, Denise Margaret and Nagabhatla, Nidhi and Orlov, Anton and Paterson, Shona K and Scheffran, J{\"u}rgen and Sillmann, Jana}, title = {Perspectives on tipping points in integrated models of the natural and human Earth system: cascading effects and telecoupling}, series = {Environmental Research Letters}, volume = {17}, journal = {Environmental Research Letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd}, issn = {1748-9326}, doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac42fd}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3476}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Earth system and the human system are intrinsically linked. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have led to the climate crisis, which is causing unprecedented extreme events and could trigger Earth system tipping elements. Physical and social forces can lead to tipping points and cascading effects via feedbacks and telecoupling, but the current generation of climate-economy models do not generally take account of these interactions and feedbacks. Here, we show the importance of the interplay between human societies and Earth systems in creating tipping points and cascading effects and the way they in turn affect sustainability and security. The lack of modeling of these links can lead to an underestimation of climate and societal risks as well as how societal tipping points can be harnessed to moderate physical impacts. This calls for the systematic development of models for a better integration and understanding of Earth and human systems at different spatial and temporal scales, specifically those that enable decision-making to reduce the likelihood of crossing local or global tipping points.}, language = {en} } @article{EriksenVersluijsFuchsetal.2022, author = {Eriksen, Ane and Versluijs, Erik and Fuchs, Boris and Zimmermann, Barbara and Wabakken, Petter and Ordiz, Andr{\´e}s and Sunde, Peter and Wikenros, Camilla and Sand, H{\aa}kan and Gillich, Benjamin and Michler, Frank and Nordli, Kristoffer and Carricondo-Sanchez, David and Gorini, Lucrezia and Rieger, Siegfried}, title = {A Standardized Method for Experimental Human Approach Trials on Wild Wolves}, series = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2022.793307}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2788}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {As wolves recolonize areas of Europe ranging from moderate to high anthropogenic impact, fear of wolves is a recurring source of conflict. Shared tools for evaluating wolf responses to humans, and comparing such responses across their range, can be valuable. Experiments in which humans approach wild wolves can increase our understanding of how wolves respond to humans, facilitating human-wolf coexistence. We have developed the first standardized protocol for evaluating wolf responses to approaching humans using high-resolution GPS data, and tested it on wild wolves. We present a field protocol for experimentally approaching GPS-collared wolves, a descriptive comparison of two statistical methods for detecting a measurable flight response, a tutorial for identifying wolf flight initiation and resettling positions, and an evaluation of the method when reducing GPS positioning frequency. The field protocol, a data collection form, and the tutorial with R code for extracting flight parameters are provided. This protocol will facilitate studies of wolf responses to approaching humans, applicable at a local, national, and international level. Data compiled in a standardized way from multiple study areas can be used to quantify the variation in wolf responses to humans within and between populations, and in relation to predictors such as social status, landscape factors, or human population density, and to establish a baseline distribution of wolf response patterns given a number of known predictors. The variation in wolf responses can be used to assess the degree to which results can be generalized to areas where GPS studies are not feasible, e.g., for predicting the range of likely wolf behaviors, assessing the likelihood of wolf-human encounters, and complementing existing tools for evaluating reports of bold wolves. Showing how wolves respond to human encounters should help demystify the behavior of wild wolves toward humans in their shared habitat.}, language = {en} } @article{TannebergerBirrCouwenbergetal.2022, author = {Tanneberger, Franziska and Birr, Friedrich and Couwenberg, John and Kaiser, Moritz and Luthardt, Vera and Nerger, Monique and Pfister, Sonja and Oppermann, Rainer and Zeitz, Jutta and Beyer, Colja and van der Linden, Sebastian and Wichtmann, Wendelin and N{\"a}rmann, Felix}, title = {Saving soil carbon, greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity and the economy: paludiculture as sustainable land use option in German fen peatlands}, series = {Regional Environmental Change}, volume = {22}, journal = {Regional Environmental Change}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1436-3798}, doi = {10.1007/s10113-022-01900-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5003}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Peatlands in the European Union are largely drained for agriculture and emit 25\% of the total agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Drainage-based peatland use has also negative impacts on water quality, drinking water provision and biodiversity. Consequently, key EU environmental policy objectives include the rewetting of all drained peatlands as an essential nature-based solution. Rewetting of peatlands can be combined with site-adapted land use, so-called paludiculture. Paludiculture produces biomass from wet and rewetted peatlands under conditions that maintain the peat body, facilitate peat accumulation and can provide many of the ecosystem services associated with natural, undrained peatlands. The biomass can be used for a wide range of traditional and innovative food, feed, fibre and fuel products. Based on examples in Germany, we have analysed emerging paludiculture options for temperate Europe with respect to greenhouse gas fluxes, biodiversity and indicative business economics. Best estimates of site emission factors vary between 0 and 8 t CO2eq ha-1 y-1. Suitability maps for four peatland-rich federal states (76\% of total German peatland area) indicate that most of the drained, agriculturally used peatland area could be used for paludiculture, about one-third of the fen area for any paludiculture type. Fen-specific biodiversity benefits from rewetting and paludiculture, if compared to the drained state. Under favourable conditions, paludiculture can be economically viable, but costs and revenues vary considerably. Key recommendations for large-scale implementation are providing planning security by paludiculture spatial planning, establishing best practice sites and strengthening research into crops, water tables and management options.}, language = {en} } @article{VogelBoeneckeKlingetal.2022, author = {Vogel, Sebastian and B{\"o}necke, Eric and Kling, Charlotte and Kramer, Eckart and L{\"u}ck, Katrin and Philipp, Golo and R{\"u}hlmann, J{\"o}rg and Schr{\"o}ter, Ingmar and Gebbers, Robin}, title = {Direct prediction of site-specific lime requirement of arable fields using the base neutralizing capacity and a multi-sensor platform for on-the-go soil mapping}, series = {Precision Agriculture}, volume = {23}, journal = {Precision Agriculture}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer US}, issn = {1385-2256}, doi = {10.1007/s11119-021-09830-x}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4140}, pages = {127 -- 149}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Liming agricultural fields is necessary for counteracting soil acidity and is one of the oldest operations in soil fertility management. However, the best management practice for liming in Germany only insufficiently considers within-field soil variability. Thus, a site-specific variable rate liming strategy was developed and tested on nine agricultural fields in a quaternary landscape of north-east Germany. It is based on the use of a proximal soil sensing module using potentiometric, geoelectric and optical sensors that have been found to be proxies for soil pH, texture and soil organic matter (SOM), which are the most relevant lime requirement (LR) affecting soil parameters. These were compared to laboratory LR analysis of reference soil samples using the soil's base neutralizing capacity (BNC). Sensor data fusion utilizing stepwise multi-variate linear regression (MLR) analysis was used to predict BNC-based LR (LRBNC) for each field. The MLR models achieved high adjusted R2 values between 0.70 and 0.91 and low RMSE values from 65 to 204 kg CaCO3 ha-1. In comparison to univariate modeling, MLR models improved prediction by 3 to 27\% with 9\% improvement on average. The relative importance of covariates in the field-specific prediction models were quantified by computing standardized regression coefficients (SRC). The importance of covariates varied between fields, which emphasizes the necessity of a field-specific calibration of proximal sensor data. However, soil pH was the most important parameter for LR determination of the soils studied. Geostatistical semivariance analysis revealed differences between fields in the spatial variability of LRBNC. The sill-to-range ratio (SRR) was used to quantify and compare spatial LRBNC variability of the nine test fields. Finally, high resolution LR maps were generated. The BNC-based LR method also produces negative LR values for soil samples with pH values above which lime is required. Hence, the LR maps additionally provide an estimate on the quantity of chemically acidifying fertilizers that can be applied to obtain an optimal soil pH value.}, language = {en} } @article{SpiesZuberiMaehlisetal.2022, author = {Spies, Michael and Zuberi, Mehwish and M{\"a}hlis, Madlen and Zakirova, Aksana and Alff, Henryk and Raab, Christoph}, title = {Towards a participatory systems approach to managing complex bioeconomy interventions in the agrarian sector}, series = {Sustainable Production and Consumption}, journal = {Sustainable Production and Consumption}, number = {31}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2352-5509}, doi = {10.1016/j.spc.2022.03.020}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4205}, pages = {557 -- 568}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Calls for a "sustainable bioeconomy" have recently begun to proliferate in academic and political circles as an answer to global challenges such as the rapidly increasing world population and changing environmental conditions due to climate change. To build economies that rely on various sources of biomass rather than on fossil-based resources, bioeconomy policies highlight a need to explore ways in which productivity in agriculture can be increased. While the focus on productivity growth has largely been inspired by technology optimism and modernisation thinking, the local knowledge of farmers and other rural stakeholders - as a means of contributing to socially and ecologically more sustainable bioeconomy pathways - has frequently been sidelined. This perspective article proposes and discusses a participatory approach to strategy formulation and evaluation in agricultural transformation and bioeconomy development that is based on the methodological toolbox MARISCO (Adaptive MAnagement of vulnerability and RISk at COnservation sites). By offering a means of developing a comprehensive knowledge map, bringing together both insights and perspectives from diverse local stakeholders, this approach enables a systemic evaluation of the social and ecological effects of intervention strategies on the ground. The article outlines the benefits - and challenges - of such a systemic and participatory approach and briefly sketches how the results can be utilised in more sustainable governance processes in the development of bioeconomy strategies. We conclude that our adapted MARISCO methodology offers a viable tool to make more visible the perspectives and knowledge of biomass producers for policymakers and to contribute to a much-needed discursive shift in bioeconomy debates towards more holistic and inclusive perspectives.}, language = {en} } @article{BraunBitschHaering2022, author = {Braun, Charis Linda and Bitsch, Vera and H{\"a}ring, Anna Maria}, title = {Developing agri-food value chains: learning networks between exploration and exploitation}, series = {The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension}, journal = {The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1389-224X}, doi = {10.1080/1389224X.2022.2082499}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4700}, pages = {22}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Purpose The present study explores the development of agri-food value chains from an organizational learning perspective, using the German organic food sector as an example. We illustrate how the development of local value chains unfolds over time and outline how facilitation can support this process. Design/methodology/approach The study used an action research design to facilitate change in practice and to create new knowledge. Data were collected through qualitative interviews, participant observation, and documentation of workshops and other learning activities. Data analysis and conceptualization followed a grounded theory approach. Findings The development process of value chains occurs in three phases, from joint exploration of the problem, through a phase of experimentation and implementation, to further cultivation of established collaborations among value chain actors. The development process oscillates between intra- and inter-organizational learning as well as explorative and exploitative activities. Practical implications The results of this study can help to understand and to further professionalize the practice of value chain development and provide guidance for facilitators and other stakeholder working in this field. Theoretical implications By drawing on the theory of exploration and exploitation, the study enhances the understanding of value chains collaboration in an inter-organizational setting. The study conceptualizes the development of agri-food value chains and the role of facilitators in the process. Originality/value There is little research to date that considers the development of value chains as a collaborative learning process. The presented grounded theory of local value chain development may inform further research on the transition towards a more sustainable agri-food system.}, language = {en} } @article{BehrendtPeterSterlyetal.2022, author = {Behrendt, Gerlinde and Peter, Sarah and Sterly, Simone and H{\"a}ring, Anna Maria}, title = {Community financing for sustainable food and farming: a proximity perspective}, series = {Agriculture and Human Values}, volume = {39}, journal = {Agriculture and Human Values}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1007/s10460-022-10304-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4711}, pages = {1063 -- 1075}, year = {2022}, abstract = {An increasing number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the German organic agri-food sector involves citizens through different community financing models. While such models provide alternative funding sources as well as marketing opportunities to SMEs, they allow private investors to combine their financial and ethical concerns by directly supporting the development of a more sustainable food system. Due to the low level of financial intermediation, community financing is characterized by close relations between investors and investees. Against this background, we apply the proximity concept from economic geography to explore spatial and relational aspects of community financing in the German organic agri-food sector. Based on a qualitative multiple case study approach, we find that the relevance of proximity is twofold. While different forms of proximity between SMEs and their potential investors are key success factors, proximity is also considered as one desired outcome of community financing. Furthermore, our results reveal that the extent to which SMEs rely on particular proximity dimensions distinguishes two different approaches to community financing.}, language = {en} } @article{MannLoftHernandezMorcilloetal.2022, author = {Mann, Carsten and Loft, Lasse and Hern{\´a}ndez-Morcillo, M{\´o}nica and Primmer, Eeva and Bussola, Francesca and Falco, Enzo and Geneletti, Davide and Dobrowolska, Ewelina and Grossmann, Carol M. and Bottaro, Giorgia and Schleyer, Christian and Kluvankova, Tatiana and Garcia, Gino and Lovrić, Marko and Torralba, Mario and Plieninger, Tobias and Winkel, Georg}, title = {Governance Innovations for forest ecosystem service provision - Insights from an EU-wide survey}, series = {Environmental Science \& Policy}, journal = {Environmental Science \& Policy}, number = {132}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1462-9011}, doi = {10.1016/j.envsci.2022.02.032}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4758}, pages = {282 -- 295}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This paper analyses the occurrence of governance innovations for forest ecosystem service (FES) provision in the forestry sector in Europe and the factors that influence innovation development. Based on a European-wide online survey, public and private forest owners and managers representing different property sizes indicate what type of governance innovation activities they engage in, and why. To investigate forestry innovations as systems, the analysis focuses on biophysical, social and technical factors influencing innovation development. The results of our exploratory quantitative analysis show that most innovation activities identified are largely oriented towards biomass production. Accordingly, most forest owners implement efficiency-driven optimisation strategies for forest management and technological improvement for provisioning service supply, to generate income. In contrast, the provision of regulating and cultural services is not yet a prominent part of forestry innovation activities.Reasons are rooted in a market-oriented economic rationale focusing on timber production, a lack of financial resources to compensate for other FES provisions or institutions to provide backup and security to forest owners and managers for engaging in innovation development. Given that the provision of a wide range of FES is a politically well-established objective for forest management in Europe, a strategy is needed that helps to align actors and sectors for supporting and co-financing related forest management approaches and business models. The current revision of the forest related policy framework on EU level under the EU Green deal poses a window of opportunity for better fostering novel governance approaches for more sustainable FES provision.}, language = {en} } @article{HernandezMorcilloTorralbaBaigesetal.2022, author = {Hern{\´a}ndez-Morcillo, M{\´o}nica and Torralba, M. and Baiges, T. and Bernasconi, A. and Bottaro, G. and Brogaard, S. and Bussola, F. and D{\´i}az-Varela, E. and Geneletti, D. and Grossmann, C. M. and Kister, J. and Klingler, M. and Loft, L. and Lovric, M. and Mann, C. and Pipart, N. and Roces-D{\´i}az, J. V. and Sorge, S. and Tiebel, M. and Tyrv{\"a}inen, L. and Varela, E. and Winkel, G. and Plieninger, T.}, title = {Scanning the solutions for the sustainable supply of forest ecosystem services in Europe}, series = {Sustainability Science}, volume = {17}, journal = {Sustainability Science}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1862-4065}, doi = {10.1007/s11625-022-01111-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4764}, pages = {2013 -- 2029}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Forests are key components of European multifunctional landscapes and supply numerous forest ecosystem services (FES) fundamental to human well-being. The sustainable provision of FES has the potential to provide responses to major societal challenges, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, or rural development. To identify suitable strategies for the future sustenance of FES, we performed a solution scanning exercise with a group of transdisciplinary forest and FES experts from different European regions. We identified and prioritized fifteen major challenges hindering the balanced provision of multiple FES and identified a series of potential solutions to tackle each of them. The most prominent challenges referred to the increased frequency and impacts of extreme weather events and the normative mindset regarding forest management. The respective solutions pointed to the promotion of forest resilience via climate-smart forestry and mainstreaming FES-oriented management through a threefold strategy focusing on education, awareness raising, and networking. In a subsequent survey, most solutions were assessed as highly effective, transferable, monitorable, and with potential for being economically efficient. The implementation of the solutions could have synergistic effects when applying the notion of leverage points. Seven emerging pathways towards the sustainable supply of FES have been identified. These pathways build on each other and are organized based on their potential for transformation: (1) shifting forest management paradigms towards pluralistic ecosystem valuation; (2) using integrated landscape approaches; (3) increasing forest resilience; (4) coordinating actions between forest-related actors; (5) increasing participation in forest planning and management; (6) continuous, open, and transparent knowledge integration; and (7) using incentive-based instruments to support regulating and cultural FES. These pathways can contribute to the implementation of the new EU Forestry Strategy to support the balanced supply of multiple FES.}, language = {en} } @article{SorgeMannSchleyeretal.2022, author = {Sorge, Stefan and Mann, Carsten and Schleyer, Christian and Loft, Lasse and Spacek, Martin and Hern{\´a}ndez-Morcillo, M{\´o}nica and Kluvankova, Tatiana}, title = {Understanding dynamics of forest ecosystem services governance: A socio-ecological-technical-analytical framework}, series = {Ecosystem Services}, journal = {Ecosystem Services}, number = {55}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2212-0416}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2022.101427}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4771}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Little is known about the emergence and development of novel governance approaches for forest ecosystem services provision, what drives them, and how they can be fostered. Existing frameworks often deal with single aspects of resource management and thus fail to assess processes, multi-level influences, and interacting dimensions and factors in a system-based understanding. In this article, we introduce the conceptual foundation and an empirical application of an adapted Social-Ecological System framework with additional elements that builds on the idea of complex and interlinked social-ecological-technical-forestry-innovation systems that allows for the identification of key factors for revealing forest ecosystem services dynamics to understand the emergence and development of such governance innovations. The development and testing of the framework was based on six case studies for knowledge co-creation. To showcase its application, two governance innovations were examined: a voluntary carbon market payment scheme in Germany and a network approach for forest-pasture management in Italy. The application of the framework reveals required adaptations to improve innovation by systematically unpacking the system dimensions and identifying fostering and hindering factors and their interdependencies. We highlight the output of a sound system-based information basis that allows for purposeful innovation conditioning by policy makers, practitioners, and other related actors.}, language = {en} } @article{deMiguelDiezGuiguePettenkoferetal.2022, author = {de Miguel-D{\´i}ez, Felipe and Guigue, Phillippe and Pettenkofer, Tim and Tolosana-Esteban, Eduardo and Purf{\"u}rst, Thomas and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Development and evaluation of a novel 3D simulation software for modelling wood stacks}, series = {PLoS ONE}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {17(3)}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0264414}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4472}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Assessing the solid wood content is crucial when acquiring stacked roundwood. A frequently used method for this is to multiply determined conversion factors by the measured gross volume. However, the conversion factors are influenced by several log and stack parameters. Although these parameters have been identified and studied, their individual influence has not yet been analyzed using a broad statistical basis. This is due to the considerable financial resources that the data collection entails. To overcome this shortcoming, a 3D-simulation model was developed. It generates virtual wood stacks of randomized composition based on one individual data set of logs, which may be real or defined by the user. In this study, the development and evaluation of the simulation model are presented. The model was evaluated by conducting a sensitivity and a quantitative analysis of the simulation outcomes based on real measurements of 405 logs of Norway spruce and 20 stacks constituted with these. The results of the simulation outcomes revealed a small overestimation of the net volume of real stacks: by 1.2\% for net volume over bark and by 3.2\% for net volume under bark. Furthermore, according to the calculated mean bias error (MBE), the model underestimates the gross volume by 0.02\%. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis confirmed the capability of the model to adequately consider variations in the input parameters and to provide reliable outcomes.}, language = {en} } @article{deMiguelDiezPettenkoferWalloretal.2022, author = {de Miguel-D{\´i}ez, Felipe and Pettenkofer, Tim and Wallor, Evelyn and Tolosana-Esteban, Eduardo and Purf{\"u}rst, Thomas and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Influence of log and stack parameters on the conversion factors for Norway Spruce wood stacks using a 3D simulation model}, series = {International Journal of Forest Engineering}, volume = {33}, journal = {International Journal of Forest Engineering}, number = {2}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1494-2119}, doi = {10.1080/14942119.2022.2038023}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4482}, pages = {119 -- 128}, year = {2022}, abstract = {One method for estimating the solid wood content in a stack involves using conversion factors and multiplying these by the measured gross volume. The conversion factors can vary depending on several log and stack parameters. The aim of this study was to analyze eleven parameters using a 3D simulation model based on 541 measured logs of Norway spruce. To this end, 50 data sets were created from measured logs, where the parameters of interest in this study (e.g., length, crookedness, taper …) were classified according to different ranges. After that, 64 runs of simulations were carried out. In each simulation run, 150 stacks were modeled. The simulation results were compared with previous studies and with the measurement guidelines of several countries. This analysis revealed that the parameters midpoint diameter, length, crookedness, delimbing quality and the proportion of moderately and highly crooked logs in a stack have a considerable influence on the conversion factors. Taper, proportion of butt logs in a stack and stack height have a modest effect as do the proportion of tapered and crooked logs for low and high taper and low crookedness. In contrast, ovality and the proportion of logs stacked in opposite directions have a marginal influence on the conversion factors. Based on findings from these analyses, the current measurement guidelines of different countries can now be adapted to achieve a higher degree of accuracy.}, language = {en} } @article{deMiguelDiezRederWalloretal.2022, author = {de Miguel-D{\´i}ez, Felipe and Reder, Stefan and Wallor, Evelyn and Bahr, Henrik and Blasko, Lubomir and Mund, Jan-Peter and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Further application of using a personal laser scanner and simultaneous localization and mapping technology to estimate the log's volume and its comparison with traditional methods}, series = {International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation}, journal = {International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation}, number = {109}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1872-826X}, doi = {10.1016/j.jag.2022.102779}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4496}, pages = {7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The aim of this study was the development of a methodical processing line for estimating the log's volume from scanning logs using a long-range high-speed personal laser scanner (PLS) GeoSLAM ZEB HORIZON and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology in an open-source software framework of Cloud Compare. Additionally, the accuracy and precision of using PLS and the suggested method when measuring roundwood volume was examined compared to measurements made using a xylometer and estimations obtained from applying the formulae of Huber, Smalian and Newton. For this purpose, several parameters were measured in 50 logs of Norway spruce with an average length of 2.53 m and a mean diameter of 19.97 cm. Afterwards, the volume of these 50 logs was measured with a xylometer. The results of these measurements served as reference values. The same 50 logs were subsequently scanned with the PLS. The scans were converted into point clouds and were analyzed in Cloud Compare to estimate the volume of the scanned logs. Next, the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean bias error (MBE) as well as their relative values were calculated for the volumes determined in Cloud Compare and estimated with the above mentioned formulae. The calculated RMSE (and relative RMSE) determined a deviation of the logs' volumes estimated in Cloud Compare from the xylometric volumes of 2.88 dm3 (3.54\%) whereas the deviations of the log's volumes calculated applying the formulae of Huber, Smalian and Newton from the xylometric volumes were respectively 9.63 dm3 (11.83\%), 10.33 dm3 (12.69\%) and 4.69 dm3 (5.76\%). The calculated MBE (and relative MBE) showed that the estimated volumes in Cloud Compare and those using the formulae were overestimated, with the lowest overestimation of 0.10 dm3 (0.12\%) in Cloud Compare and the highest, 5.50 dm3 (6.75\%), using the Smalian formula. Therefore, it can be stated that results of suggested methodical processing line came closest to the logs' volumes obtained with the xylometer, i.e., they were more accurate and precise compared to the conventionally formulae for log's volume estimation. The implementation of this method has the potential filling a gap towards a wall-to-wall complete digitization of the roundwood commercialization and ensure transparency and acceptance between the stakeholders involved in the wood supply chain.}, language = {en} } @article{MensahAhiekporHeroldetal.2022, author = {Mensah, Isaac and Ahiekpor, Julius Cudjoe and Herold, Nadine and Bensah, Edem Cudjoe and Pfriem, Alexander and Antwi, Edward and Amponsem, Bright}, title = {Biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis for syngas production: Characterisation of Celtis mildbraedii sawdust as a potential feedstock}, series = {Scientific African}, journal = {Scientific African}, number = {16}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2468-2276}, doi = {10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01208}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4588}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Celtis mildbraedii sawdust (CMS) from Ghana was characterised to investigate its suitability with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for syngas production via co-pyrolysis. The physical and chemical properties assessed include proximate and ultimate compositions, pH value, higher heating value (HHV), and lignocellulosic composition. Also, the thermal behaviour at different heating rates (5, 10, and 20 K/min) and qualitative prediction of organic compounds of CMS were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and NIR spectroscopy techniques, respectively. Results of proximate analysis (moisture = 17.15 ± 0.0 wt.\%, ash = 1.13 ± 0.4 wt.\%, volatile matter = 68.39 ± 0.4 wt.\%, fixed carbon = 13.33 ± 0.8 wt.\%); ultimate analysis (C = 48.51 wt.\%, H = 6.66 wt.\%, N = 0.51 wt.\%, S = 0.02 wt.\%, O = 44.30 wt.\%); pH values (cold phase = 7.60, hot phase = 6.30); HHV (15.37 - 18.03 MJ/kg); and lignocellulosic composition (extractives = 13.80 ± 0.57 wt.\%, hemicellulose = 21.95 ± 3.89 wt.\%, lignin = 17.35 ± 0.35 wt.\%, cellulose = 46.90 ± 2.97 wt.\%) were obtained. The maximum mass loss was 83.48\% at 289.8 °C at 5 K/min. It was concluded that CMS is a highly potential biomass resource for syngas production with an empirical formula of CH1.64O0.69N0.009S0.0001.}, language = {en} } @article{WinklerKruegerSarnaghietal.2022, author = {Winkler, Christoph and Kr{\"u}ger, Robert and Sarnaghi, Ani Khaloian and Kluge, Patrick and van de Kuilen, Jan-Willem and Schwarz, Ulrich}, title = {Mechanische Eigenschaften von Sch{\"a}lfunierlagen in Sperrh{\"o}lzern}, series = {Holztechnologie}, journal = {Holztechnologie}, number = {1}, issn = {0018-3881}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4597}, pages = {25 -- 36}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In dieser Publikation wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob mit Klebstoff beschichtete Furniere gegen{\"u}ber nativen Furnieren geeigneter sind, um Kennwerte zur Berechnung und Simulation von Sperrh{\"o}lzern zu erhalten. Der Frage wurde mittels experimentellen Versuchen, analytischer Berechnung und Simulation nachgegangen und die Ergebnisse anhand von Buchenfurnier, teils beschichtet mit Phenol-Resorzin-Formaldehyd-Klebstoffen, dikutiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass beschichtete Furniere eine bessere {\"U}bereinstimmung mit BErechnungsans{\"a}tzen und Simulationen von Sperrh{\"o}lzern als native Furniere bieten und auch einem vereinfachten Ansatz eines Laminats aus Furnieren mit separaten Klebstoffschichten {\"u}berlegen sind.}, language = {de} } @article{WeissMichlerGillichetal.2022, author = {Weiss, Fabio and Michler, Frank Uwe and Gillich, Benjamin and Tillmann, J{\"o}rg and Ciuti, Simone and Heurich, Marco and Rieger, Siegfried}, title = {Displacement Effects of Conservation Grazing on Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Spatial Behaviour}, series = {Environmental Management}, volume = {70}, journal = {Environmental Management}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {0364-152X}, doi = {10.1007/s00267-022-01697-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4609}, pages = {763 -- 779}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Conservation grazing uses semi-feral or domesticated herbivores to limit encroachment in open areas and to promote biodiversity. However, we are still unaware of its effects on wild herbivores. This study investigates the influence of herded sheep and goats on red deer (Cervus elaphus) spatial behavior by testing three a-priori hypotheses: (i) red deer are expected to avoid areas used by livestock, as well as adjacent areas, when livestock are present, albeit (ii) red deer increase the use of these areas when sheep and goats are temporarily absent and (iii) there is a time-lagged disruption in red deer spatial behavior when conservation grazing practice ends. Using GPS-telemetry data on red deer from a German heathland area, we modelled their use of areas grazed by sheep and goats, using mixed-effect logistic regression. Additionally, we developed seasonal resource selection functions (use-availability design) to depict habitat selection by red deer before, during, and after conservation grazing. Red deer used areas less during conservation grazing throughout all times of the day and there was no compensatory use during nighttime. This effect mostly persisted within 21 days after conservation grazing. Effects on habitat selection of red deer were detectable up to 3000 meters away from the conservation grazing sites, with no signs of either habituation or adaption. For the first time, we demonstrate that conservation grazing can affect the spatio-temporal behavior of wild herbivores. Our findings are relevant for optimizing landscape and wildlife management when conservation grazing is used in areas where wild herbivores are present.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BernhardGosselWill2022, author = {Bernhard, Miriam and Gossel, Britta M. and Will, Andreas}, title = {Der Zusammenhang zwischen der strategischen Technologieorientierung und dem organisationalen Lernen in Medienorganisationen}, series = {Internet-Intermedi{\"a}re und virtuelle Plattformen medien{\"o}konomisch betrachtet: Proceedings zur Jahrestagung der Fachgruppe Medien{\"o}konomie der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft 2021, Hamburg}, booktitle = {Internet-Intermedi{\"a}re und virtuelle Plattformen medien{\"o}konomisch betrachtet: Proceedings zur Jahrestagung der Fachgruppe Medien{\"o}konomie der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft 2021, Hamburg}, editor = {Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft e.V.,}, doi = {10.21241/ssoar.78775.v2}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4615}, pages = {163 -- 176}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Zukunftstechnologien {\"u}ben schon seit geraumer Zeit Transformationsdruck auf Medienorganisationen aus (K{\"u}ng, 2008). Medienorganisationen sind daher gezwungen, gezielt zu reagieren, sich zu ver{\"a}ndern und zu lernen. Ein theoretisches Konstrukt, das diesen Prozess erkl{\"a}rt, ist die Theorie des organisationalen Lernens (OL) (Senge, 2006). In der allgemeinen Managementforschung ist OL bereits ein etablierter theoretische Ansatz (Dick, 2005), bei Medienorganisationen wurde OL bislang kaum erforscht (Bernhard \& Will, 2021). Die strategische Orientierung der Organisation stellt eine M{\"o}glichkeit zur F{\"o}rderung des OL dar (Se{\c{c}}kin-Hala{\c{c}}, 2019). Insbesondere die strategische Technologieorientierung (TO) k{\"o}nnte in Anbetracht von Zukunftstechnologien hilfreich f{\"u}r OL sein (ebd.). Vor diesem Hintergrund besch{\"a}ftigt sich dieser Beitrag mit der folgenden Frage: Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Technologieorientierung (TO) und dem organisationalen Lernen (OL) in Medienorganisationen? Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wurde eine explorative Onlineumfrage (Zeitraum: Dez. 2020 bis Jan. 2021) unter deutschen Medienmanager*innen (N=46) durchgef{\"u}hrt. F{\"u}r die Untersuchung wurden die Instrumente von Hakala \& Kohtam{\"a}ki (2011) f{\"u}r die TO und von Marsick \& Watkins (2003) f{\"u}r das OL {\"u}bernommen. Die Umfragedaten wurden mithilfe der Rangkorrelation nach Spearman analysiert. Kernergebnis der Untersuchung ist, dass ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen TO und OL besteht.}, language = {de} } @article{Gossel2022, author = {Gossel, Britta M.}, title = {Analogies in Entrepreneurial Communication and Strategic Communication: Definition, Delimitation of Research Programs and Future Research}, series = {International Journal of Strategic Communication}, volume = {16}, journal = {International Journal of Strategic Communication}, number = {2}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1553-118X}, doi = {10.1080/1553118X.2021.2015689}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4659}, pages = {134 -- 156}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This article aims to build a better understanding of entrepreneurial communication and strategic communication. The term entrepreneurial is finding its way into the discussion of communication science in general and strategic communication in particular, for example, through the consideration of startups. So far, the term entrepreneurial communication remains vague, is hardly defined and is not systematically distinguished from strategic communication. By applying an analogies lens in the context of problematizing, differences between the terms entrepreneurial and strategic in entrepreneurial communication and strategic communication are explored based on selected given definitions. As a result, three unifying dimensions - development stage, mode, and logic - are developed to highlight fundamental differences between the two terms. To create potential for a future creation of entrepreneurial communication as research program, and to elaborate on future potential for strategic communication in relation to this, central theoretical approaches in entrepreneurship research and their potential to research entrepreneurial communication are explored.}, language = {en} } @article{Gossel2022, author = {Gossel, Britta M.}, title = {Entrepreneurial Journalism. Grenzen und grenz{\"u}berschreitende Potentiale}, series = {Communicatio Socialis (ComSoc)}, volume = {55}, journal = {Communicatio Socialis (ComSoc)}, number = {1}, publisher = {Nomos}, issn = {0010-3497}, doi = {10.5771/0010-3497-2022-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4683}, pages = {33 -- 43}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{KochIbischBloch2022, author = {Koch, Olef and Ibisch, Pierre L. and Bloch, Ralf}, title = {Climate change and shifting land-use: Consequences for smallholder agroforestry systems and rural livelihoods in the southwest Ethiopian Highlands}, series = {Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems}, volume = {46}, journal = {Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems}, number = {5}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, doi = {10.1080/21683565.2022.2067930}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4340}, pages = {672 -- 711}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Applying a Regional Integrated Vulnerability Assessment (RIVAS), this study aims to identify the local farming system characteristics of 54 smallholder agroforestry farms in Kafa Zone (Ethiopia), their climate change vulnerability, and how they are affected by current land-use changes. The study combines semi-structured interviews with a biophysical characterization of farm systems. The results show that the assessed farming systems' multifunctionality is essential to rural livelihoods while sustaining crop and tree diversity. While dry season crop diversity drives household's sufficiency and capacity to respond to crop failure, medium-low sufficiency of production in more than a third of the assessed systems, as well as soil degradation in cereal fields lessen adaptive capacity. For their contribution to climate resilience, diverse and perennial cropping regimes should be supported and maintained.}, language = {en} } @article{HofbauerBlochBachingeretal.2022, author = {Hofbauer, Michael and Bloch, Ralf and Bachinger, Johann and Gerke, Horst H.}, title = {Effects of shallow non-inversion tillage on sandy loam soil properties and winter rye yield in organic farming}, series = {Soil \& Tillage Research}, journal = {Soil \& Tillage Research}, number = {222}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0167-1987}, doi = {10.1016/j.still.2022.105435}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4354}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Due to an expected improvement of soil quality and soil water storage, the substitution of mouldboard ploughing by reduced tillage was identified as a potential climate change adaptation measure for organic farming in a relatively dry region with a humid continental climate. In a field trial on a sandy loam soil in eastern Germany, reduced tillage was carried out to 6 cm soil depth by means of a ring cutter and compared to mouldboard ploughing with 25 cm tillage depth. In the present study, the influence of ring cutter tillage on soil properties was investigated for the first time. The effects of shallow ring cutter tillage on soil physical parameters, soil organic matter distribution, soil mineral nitrogen content, total nitrogen uptake by the crop, root content, and grain yield of organically grown winter rye (Secale cereale L.) were analysed in the uppermost 20 cm of a sandy loam soil and compared to those of mouldboard ploughing. Under ring cutter tillage, soil bulk density was in 8-20 cm soil depth by up to 15\% higher than under mouldboard ploughing. In 9-15 cm soil depth, ring cutter tillage resulted in smaller contents of coarse macropores and mesopores, more micropores, and an 11\% smaller available water capacity compared to mouldboard ploughing. The total nitrogen uptake by winter rye was in the ring cutter treatment by up to 44\% smaller than in the mouldboard plough treatment. Root content was up to 209\% higher in 1-6 cm soil depth and up to 71\% smaller in 8-20 cm soil depth after ring cutter tillage than after mouldboard ploughing. Winter rye yield declined by 22-43\% in the ring cutter treatment relative to the mouldboard plough treatment. Shallow ring cutter tillage resulted in a root growth-restricting soil compaction in the non-tilled soil layers below 6 cm depth and led to a limitation of nitrogen mineralisation until spring. Both effects likely caused the considerable reduction of crop yield. The results suggest that shallow ring cutter tillage in organic farming seems to be not suitable for sandy loam soils as long as the risk of a soil compaction-induced limitation of root growth and nitrogen supply cannot be minimised.}, language = {en} } @article{DonatGeistertGrahmannetal.2022, author = {Donat, Marco and Geistert, Jonas and Grahmann, Kathrin and Bloch, Ralf and Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko D.}, title = {Patch cropping- a new methodological approach to determine new field arrangements that increase the multifunctionality of agricultural landscapes}, series = {Computers and Electronics in Agriculture}, journal = {Computers and Electronics in Agriculture}, number = {197}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0168-1699}, doi = {10.1016/j.compag.2022.106894}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4365}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Agricultural intensification decreased land cover complexity by converting small complex arable field geometries into large and simple structures which then were managed uniformly. These changes have led to a variety of negative environmental effects and influence ecosystem services. We present a novel small-scale and site-specific cropping system which splits a large field into small homogeneous sub-fields called 'patches' grouped in different yield potentials. A detailed workflow is presented to generate new spatially arranged patches with special focus on preprocessing and filtering of multi-year yield data, the variation in patch sizes and the adaptation of maximum working width to use available conventional farm equipment and permanent traffic lanes. The reduction of variance by the used cluster algorithm depends on the within-field heterogeneity. The patch size, the number of growing seasons (GS) used for clustering and the parallel shift of the patch structure along the permanent traffic lane resulted in a change in relative variance. Independent cross validation showed an increased performance of the classification algorithm with increasing number of GS used for clustering. The applied cluster analysis resulted in robust field segregation according to different yield potential zones and provides an innovative method for a novel cropping system.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Broezel2022, author = {Br{\"o}zel, Claudia}, title = {Developments in German e-Tourism: An Industry Perspective}, series = {Handbook of e-Tourism}, booktitle = {Handbook of e-Tourism}, editor = {Xiang, Zheng and Fuchs, Matthias and Gretzel, Ulrike and H{\"o}pken, Wolfram}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, isbn = {978-3-030-05324-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-05324-6_11-1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4414}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, pages = {1 -- 32}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The tourism industry is driven by data. Digitization means efficiency and thus cost savings. The tourism industry, as a highly fragmented and complex worldwide industry, has a strong need for data coordination in order to produce and distribute bundles of travel services to customers. Due to their cost structures and the complex process of organizing worldwide transportation in real time, airlines were the first main drivers of digitalization in the travel industry. In Germany, the leisure market was initiated and first driven by state-dominated companies, but subsequently, a significant change in actors and global dependencies can be seen over the course of time. Until today, the recurring themes in the different stages of digitalization are communication formats and the power of various market actors. This has led to a standardization of data exchange formats between various data systems that allows data to be distributed efficiently worldwide and business processes to be completed in real time. This article includes the perspectives of three interview partners who helped shape the development of the German leisure market. It will be shown how the players and drivers of digitization have changed over time but that the key drivers have stayed the same: cost efficiency, data quality, and technical development.}, language = {en} } @article{CreydtLautnerFrommetal.2022, author = {Creydt, Marina and Lautner, Silke and Fromm, J{\"o}rg and Fischer, Markus}, title = {Wood profiling by non-targeted liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry: Part 2, Detection of the geographical origin of spruce wood (Picea abies) by determination of metabolite pattern}, series = {Journal of Chromatography A}, journal = {Journal of Chromatography A}, number = {1663}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {1873-3778}, doi = {10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462737}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4925}, year = {2022}, abstract = {A non-targeted metabolomics-based approach using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry was used to authenticate spruce wood (Picea abies) from two geographic source areas. The two sample sites were located in Germany and only 250 km apart. In order to achieve the highest possible metabolite coverage, the spruces samples were measured with four different methods using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. In this way, a total of approximately 4,100 features were detected, which included non-polar, polar, and intermediate-polar metabolites. Using supervised multivariate methods, a distinction between the two sample groups could be achieved on the basis of non-polar data sets. The major metabolites contributing to differentiation were identified by MS/MS experiments and were from the following classes of compounds: ceramides, fatty acids, glycerolipids, and phytosterols. Based on the soil descriptions of the two sites, it was concluded that there is probably a close relationship between nutrient availability and the differences in concentration of the marker compounds. The results show that a metabolomics-based approach is also suitable for differentiation of origin, even if the sample sites are close to each other.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissLinde2022, author = {Weiss, Fabio and Linde, Andreas}, title = {How to estimate carabid biomass?—an evaluation of size-weight models for ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and perspectives for further improvement}, series = {Journal of Insect Conservation}, volume = {26}, journal = {Journal of Insect Conservation}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1366-638X}, doi = {10.1007/s10841-022-00391-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4983}, pages = {537 -- 548}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Biomass is an important metric for monitoring carabid populations and serves as an ecological indicator. Models that predict carabid weight based on body size represent a simple and straightforward method to estimate biomass and are therefore commonly used. However, such models are rarely evaluated against independent validation data. In this study, we evaluated the two widely used size-weight models by Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994) drawing on previously published independent data. Additionally, we developed and tested four new models to also evaluate the potential effect of taxonomic parameters; and compared model predictions with actual measurements of biomass using relative deviation graphs and observed versus predicted from regression. We show that the two models by Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994) contain systematic bias towards larger and smaller carabids, respectively, suggesting restricted applicability of such models. Additional taxonomic parameters improved weight predictions, indicating one possible solution to the issue of restricted applicability. We discuss further relevant limitations of size-weight models and their application and recommend a combined use of the models of Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994) for carabids ≥ 11.8 mm and < 11.8 mm, respectively. Implications for insect conservation: Size-weight models are a suitable and simple method to estimate the biomass of carabids and have great potential to be used in monitoring schemes, the investigation of long-term trends and ecological studies. It is, however, essential that researchers pay special attention to potential restrictions in their applicability and methodological limitations.}, language = {en} } @article{YamanAydinLindeetal.2022, author = {Yaman, Mustafa and Aydin, {\c{C}}i{\c{c}}ek and Linde, Andreas and Radek, Renate}, title = {A new microsporidian pathogen, Vairimorpha gastrophysae sp. nov., isolated from Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)}, series = {European Journal of Protistology}, journal = {European Journal of Protistology}, number = {86}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0932-4739}, doi = {10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125913}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4992}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Gastrophysa viridula DeGeer 1775, the green dock leaf beetle, belongs to a group of beneficial insects, which can be used as a classical biological control agent against sorrels (Rumex sp., Polygonaceae). Therefore, any infection by pathogenic organisms in this beetle is undesirable. In the present study, a new microsporidian pathogen isolated from G. viridula was identified based on morphological and ultrastructural characteristics, supported with a molecular phylogenetic analysis. Light and transmission electron microscopy studies indicated that the microsporidium was polymorphic throughout its life cycle. Sporulation stages were not all in direct contact with the host-cell cytoplasm. The fresh single diplokaryotic spores of the secondary sporulation cycle had a long narrow morphology, measuring about 5 × 2.1 µm (n = 50). Octospores produced in the secondary sporulation cycle were also observed. Morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of the life cycle stages place it within the genus Vairimorpha. The phylogenetic tree constructed on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis supports the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics and indicates that the pathogen is closely related to the Vairimorpha clade of microsporidia. The pathogen is named Vairimorpha gastrophysae sp. nov.}, language = {en} } @article{SundermannWeiserBarth2022, author = {Sundermann, Anna and Weiser, Annika and Barth, Matthias}, title = {Meaning-making in higher education for sustainable development: undergraduates' long-term processes of experiencing and learning}, series = {Environmental Education Research}, journal = {Environmental Education Research}, number = {28/11}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1350-4622}, doi = {10.1080/13504622.2022.2069679}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4237}, pages = {1616 -- 1634}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Despite the increase in teaching approaches designed to integrate sustainability into higher education, the connection between students' learning experiences and their learning outcomes remains incompletely understood. The present multi-case study complements the discussion by investigating undergraduates' long-term meaning-making processes using the theoretical lens of significant learning and process analysis of students' learning experience. Based on in-depth narrative interviews with 10 students at the end of a three-year study program, we analyzed how and why learning experiences become significant, differentiating perceived personal impact and the subjective value assigned to these experiences. We identified three types of sustainability-related meaning-making processes, ranging from no sustainability-related meaning-making to meaning-making as self-realization. The differentiated view on how meaning-making mediates students' sustainability-related learning experiences and their learning outcomes enhances our understanding of the specific dynamics that may shape the how and why of significant learning. It thus supports the tailored curriculum design for integrating sustainability into higher education.}, language = {en} } @article{BirdmanBarthLang2022, author = {Birdman, Jodie and Barth, Matthias and Lang, Daniel J.}, title = {Connecting curricula and competence through student learning journeys}, series = {Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy}, journal = {Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy}, number = {18/1}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1548-7733}, doi = {10.1080/15487733.2022.2097773}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4240}, pages = {560 -- 575}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This research examines the connection between higher education curricula for sustainable development and student development of key competencies for sustainability. The authors conducted a comparative case study that followed ten students from three graduate sustainability programs. Through a combination of student-generated and contextual data, we created a set of learning journeys. These journeys showed that activities which foster reflection, interaction, and real-world connections are especially critical for competence development as part of the whole curriculum. What and how students found most useful depended on individual disposition and we identified four general categories based on prior experience, attitude to learning, and individual goals. Barriers to competency development were frustration, feelings of helplessness, and being unable to link competence to concrete activities or concepts. These barriers could be mitigated through peer interaction and mentorship, environmental support such as spaces for collaboration, and instructor scaffolding. Because no single course can fit the needs of each student, we recommend that beneficial components in the form of courses that support the above-mentioned activities be part of purposeful curriculum design.}, language = {en} } @incollection{RieckmannBarth2022, author = {Rieckmann, Marco and Barth, Matthias}, title = {Educators' Competence Frameworks in Education for Sustainable Development}, series = {Competences in Education for Sustainable Development}, booktitle = {Competences in Education for Sustainable Development}, editor = {Vare, Paul and Lausselet, Nadia and Rieckmann, Marco}, publisher = {Springer}, isbn = {978-3-030-91055-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-91055-6_3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4255}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, pages = {19 -- 26}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Educators play an important role in the implementation of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). However, they need to be qualified to work with the concept of ESD, acquiring specific competences to deal with sustainable development issues and to align their pedagogical practice with ESD. This chapter describes different frameworks and models for ESD competences, putting them in relation to each other and discussing them critically. It also situates the RSP framework in the wider context and clarifies the demands made of ESD educators and the competences they need to develop. Heuristic analysis is undertaken to ensure more systematic investigation of the different ESD competence frameworks, on the basis of two descriptors: (1) target group and how specifically a target group is defined and (2) the relation between content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge. Further research is needed, in particular with regard to the theoretical foundations and the operationalization of the competence frameworks.}, language = {en} } @article{BernertWannerFischeretal.2022, author = {Bernert, Philip and Wanner, Matthias and Fischer, Nele and Barth, Matthias}, title = {Design principles for advancing higher education sustainability learning through transformative research}, series = {Transformative learning for Urban Sustainability}, journal = {Transformative learning for Urban Sustainability}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1007/s10668-022-02801-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4279}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {A growing number of transformative research practices that redefine the role of science in engaging with local-mostly urban-transformation processes have emerged in recent decades. However, while education is considered a key driver for sustainability transformations, higher education has been slow to develop and implement dedicated, appropriate and effective transformative education programmes and learning modules. In this paper, we present a framework of design principles for transformative learning modules in higher education. These principles are derived from two growing discourses: higher education sustainability learning, and transdisciplinary and transformative research—both of which are centrally anchored in the field of sustainable development and sustainability science. The principles presented provide guidance for course leaders in higher education to create learning modules aimed at enabling students to become engaged in transdisciplinary and transformative research that fosters sustainability transitions in local and urban contexts. We use the Transformative Innovation Lab (TIL)—a learning course developed and tested at two German universities—as an example of how the design principles can be applied. The module, which runs over two semesters, supports Masters students in their process of developing real-world laboratories and exploring urban sustainability transitions through collaborative experimentation with local practice partners. We discuss the factors that enable and limit the implementation of transformative learning modules and outline aspects of the novel roles adopted by lecturers in transformative teaching environments. Moreover, we highlight the need for both institutional change and transformative teaching formats that go beyond transformative research as key for driving universities to take responsibility for collaboratively fostering sustainability transitions in their local contexts.}, language = {en} } @article{FischerKingRieckmannetal.2022, author = {Fischer, Daniel and King, Jordan and Rieckmann, Marco and Barth, Matthias and B{\"u}ssing, Alexander and Hemmer, Ingrid and Lindau-Bank, Detlev}, title = {Teacher Education for Sustainable Development: A Review of an Emerging Research Field}, series = {Journal of Teacher Education}, volume = {Volume 73}, journal = {Journal of Teacher Education}, number = {Issue 5}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {0022-4871}, doi = {10.1177/00224871221105784}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4306}, pages = {509 -- 524}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Abstract Teacher Education for Sustainable Development (TESD) is a niche innovation in teacher education that empowers teachers to prepare learners to address global socio-environmental challenges. To advance the diffusion of this niche innovation into general teacher education, this article offers a systematic literature review based on a qualitative analysis of 158 peer-reviewed publications on TESD research. Our results show that TESD research is a growing field characterized by five types of inquiry: designing learning environments, understanding learner attributes, measuring learning outcomes, promoting systems change, and advancing visions for the field. Major innovation potentials of TESD for more general teacher education are its emphasis on the grand socio-environmental challenges of our times, methodologies to engage with knowledge diversity (e.g., inter/transdisciplinarity), and sustainability science learning approaches (e.g., backcasting). We suggest that future work builds from this review to strengthen links between teacher education and TESD in enhancing quality education.}, language = {en} } @article{BrandtBarthHaleetal.2022, author = {Brandt, Jan-Ole and Barth, Matthias and Hale, Annie and Merritt, Eileen}, title = {Developing ESD-specific professional action competence for teachers: knowledge, skills, and attitudes in implementing ESD at the school level}, series = {Environmental Education Research}, volume = {28}, journal = {Environmental Education Research}, number = {12}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1350-4622}, doi = {10.1080/13504622.2022.2064973}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4319}, pages = {1691 -- 1729}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Equipping future change agents with the competencies to lead the societal transformation towards sustainability requires competent and committed teachers who effectively implement Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) across the education system. In a comparative case study, this paper investigates how individual ESD courses in teacher education programs at Leuphana University (Germany) and Arizona State University (USA) support the development of ESD-specific professional action competence for teachers. Applying a mixed-method approach, the specific focus is on the links between supporting or hindering factors that affect pre-service teachers' actual achievement of intended learning outcomes. The findings indicate that both courses increased students' competence—yet, to varying degrees. The 4Cs (personal, professional, social, and structural connections) were revealed as the most significant factors affecting students' learning and should be considered when designing course offerings in Teacher Education for Sustainable Development (TESD) with the goal to develop students' knowledge, skills, and attitudes.}, language = {en} } @article{GohrvonWehrdenMayetal.2022, author = {Gohr, Charlotte and von Wehrden, Henrik and May, Felix and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Remotely sensed effectiveness assessments of protected areas lack a common framework: A review}, series = {Ecosphere}, volume = {13}, journal = {Ecosphere}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {2150-8925}, doi = {10.1002/ecs2.4053}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4799}, pages = {14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Effective protected areas reflect socio-ecological values, such as biodiversity and habitat maintenance, as well as human well-being. These values, which safeguard ecosystem services in protected areas, are treated as models for the sustainable preservation and use of resources. While there is much research on the effectiveness of protected areas in a variety of disciplines, the question is whether there is a common framework that uses remote sensing methods. We conducted a qualitative and a quantitative analysis of 44 peer-reviewed scientific papers utilizing remote sensing data in order to examine the effectiveness of protected areas. Very few studies to date have a wide or even a global geographical focus; instead, most quantify the effectiveness of protected areas by focusing on local-scale case studies and single indicators such as forest cover change. Methods that help integrate spatial selection approaches, to compare a protected area's characteristics with its surroundings, are increasingly being used. Based on this review, we argue for a multi-indicator-based framework on protected area effectiveness, including the development of a consistent set of socio-ecological indicators for a global analysis. In turn, this will allow for globally applicable use, including a concrete evaluation that considers the diversity of regional parameters, biome-specific variables, and political frameworks. Ideally, such a framework will enhance the monitoring and evaluation of global strategies and conventions.}, language = {en} } @article{Ibisch2022, author = {Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Ein {\"o}kosystembasierter Ansatz f{\"u}r den Umgang mit der Waldkrise in der Klimakrise}, series = {Natur und Landschaft}, volume = {97}, journal = {Natur und Landschaft}, number = {7}, publisher = {W. Kohlhammer}, issn = {0028-0615}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4841}, pages = {325 -- 333}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorherrschenden Str{\"o}mungen in Diskurs und Praxis forstlicher Klimawandelanpassungen stehen einem {\"o}kosystembasierten Ansatz entgegen. Es wird auf Baumarten fokussiert; aktive Anpassung bedeutet oftmals das Anpflanzen {\"o}kosystemfremder Arten. Die Bem{\"u}hungen, zuk{\"u}nftige Waldtypen m{\"o}glichst artenscharf zu definieren, offenbaren ein deterministisches Gestaltungsparadigma. Dieses kann darauf zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden, dass die bioenergetisch bzw. thermodynamisch untermauerte Nichtgleichgewichts{\"o}kologie nicht rezipiert wurde. Auf der Grundlage aktueller system{\"o}kologischer Theorien und Befunde wird in zehn Prinzipien ein Ansatz {\"o}kosystembasierten Waldmanagements skizziert. {\"O}kosystemfunktionalit{\"a}t kann thermodynamisch beschrieben und quantifiziert werden; im Mittelpunkt steht die Energiedissipation(sf{\"a}higkeit). {\"O}kosystembiomasse und -informationsgehalt sowie ein koh{\"a}rentes holarchisches Netzwerk sind die Grundlage f{\"u}r die physikalische Arbeitsf{\"a}higkeit, aber auch f{\"u}r Resistenz und Resilienz. Aus den thermodynamischen Eigenschaften und der Komplexit{\"a}t ergeben sich ontische Offenheit und Unbestimmtheit von Wald{\"o}kosystemen. Ein {\"o}kosystembasiertes Waldmanagement fokussiert auf Strukturen und Prozesse, die K{\"u}hlung und Wasserr{\"u}ckhaltung sowie Selbstregulation im System vermitteln.}, language = {de} } @article{KochSimonArndtetal.2022, author = {Koch, Johannes and Simon, Antje and Arndt, Ralf W. and Jahreis, Markus G.}, title = {Diskussion zum Erfordernis der j{\"a}hrlichen Hauptpr{\"u}fung gesch{\"u}tzter Holzbr{\"u}cken}, series = {Bautechnik}, volume = {99}, journal = {Bautechnik}, number = {S1 Supplement: Holzbau}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1437-0999}, doi = {10.1002/bate.202100104}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4861}, pages = {23 -- 31}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Bauen mit Holz ist im Hinblick auf die klimapolitischen Zielsetzungen Deutschlands zukunftsweisend und unverzichtbar. Br{\"u}ckenbauwerke werden hierzulande jedoch nur selten in Holzbauweise errichtet, da sie aufgrund einiger schlecht geplanter Beispiele unter dem Generalverdacht stehen, nicht dauerhaft zu sein. Daher fordert der Bund in seinen Regelwerken f{\"u}r nahezu alle Holzbr{\"u}cken eine j{\"a}hrliche Hauptpr{\"u}fung. Diese Forderung stellt einen erheblichen Wettbewerbsnachteil gegen{\"u}ber Br{\"u}cken aus anderen Baustoffen dar, f{\"u}r die nur im sechsj{\"a}hrigen Turnus eine Hauptpr{\"u}fung vorgeschrieben ist. Um auf der Grundlage belastbarer Messdaten dem Imageverlust der Holzbauweise im Br{\"u}ckenbau zu begegnen, wurden im Forschungsvorhaben Protected Timber Bridges (ProTimB) Langzeitmessungen der Holzfeuchte an neun gesch{\"u}tzten Holzbr{\"u}cken in Deutschland durchgef{\"u}hrt. {\"U}ber 2,5-6 Jahre wurde die Holzfeuchteentwicklung an Br{\"u}cken verschiedener Bauarten mit unterschiedlichen kleinklimatischen Randbedingungen aufgezeichnet. Das Ziel der Monitorings war es, die Wirksamkeit eines fachgerechten konstruktiven Holzschutzes aufzuzeigen und den Einfluss eines nahen Gew{\"a}ssers und einer Spr{\"u}hnebelbeaufschlagung auf die Entwicklung der Holzfeuchte zu untersuchen. Der vorliegende Beitrag fasst die wesentlichen Ergebnisse der Messungen zusammen. Auf Basis der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse wird das Erfordernis einer j{\"a}hrlichen Hauptpr{\"u}fung f{\"u}r gesch{\"u}tzte Holzbr{\"u}cken {\"u}ber Gew{\"a}ssern diskutiert.}, language = {de} } @article{BielyvonMuenchhausenvanPassel2022, author = {Biely, Katharina and von M{\"u}nchhausen, Susanne and van Passel, Steven}, title = {Vertical integration as a strategy to increase value absorption by primary producers: The Belgian sugar beet and the German rapeseed case}, series = {AIMS Agriculture and Food}, volume = {7}, journal = {AIMS Agriculture and Food}, number = {3}, publisher = {AIMS Press}, issn = {2471-2086}, doi = {10.3934/agrfood.2022041}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5610}, pages = {659 -- 682}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Vertical integration is a means of increasing market power. For some agricultural products, it is easier for farmers to exert control over their product beyond the farm gate, but for others it is more difficult. Cases in the latter category have two main characteristics. First, the farmer cannot sell the respective product to final consumers without processing. Second, processing is capital-intensive. Consequently, farmers have limited sales channels, and vertical integration of the supply chain is complex and challenging. It implies cooperation among farmers to process the raw material at a profitable scale and to finance the installation of processing facilities. Thus, for these product categories, farmers are prone to market power issues, since they depend on private businesses that have the financial means to install processing facilities and the logistical capacities to organize the collection of large amounts of raw material. This paper aims to identify and analyze the role of supply chain integration for farmers who are already cooperating horizontally. Two case studies serve as the basis for the analysis: sugar beet in Flanders, Belgium, and oilseed rape in Hessen, Germany. The analysis is based on a qualitative research approach combining interviews, focus groups, and workshops with farmers and processors. While for sugar beet, the effects of market power are emerging only now with the termination of the quota system, farmers growing oilseed rape have been experiencing these problems since the 1990s. Our analysis concludes that most strategies to maintain or improve farm income have been exhausted. Even various forms of vertical integration supported by European policies do not necessarily work as a successful strategy.}, language = {en} } @article{NoeltingKoenigZimmermannetal.2022, author = {N{\"o}lting, Benjamin and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and Zimmermann, Anne B. and Di Giulio, Antonietta and Sch{\"a}fer, Martina and Schneider, Flurina}, title = {Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic: an opportunity to reflect on sustainability research}, series = {Sustainability Management Forum | NachhaltigkeitsManagementForum}, volume = {30}, journal = {Sustainability Management Forum | NachhaltigkeitsManagementForum}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {2948-1627}, doi = {10.1007/s00550-022-00528-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5254}, pages = {11 -- 27}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has jolted societies out of normality, possibly creating new conditions for sustainability transformations. What does this mean for sustainability research? Because of the scope of the crisis, researchers have been heavily involved: not only have they had to speed up the pace of scientific production to provide urgently needed COVID-19 knowledge, but they have also been affected citizens. For sustainability science, this calls for an experience-based reflection on the positionality and orientation of research aiming to support sustainability transformations. Twenty sustainability researchers discussed their sustainability research on COVID-19 in three workshops based on the following questions: How does the pandemic—and the measures taken to deal with it—affect sustainable development? What can we learn from the pandemic from the perspective of societal transformation? The present discussion paper emerged from this multidisciplinary exchange among sustainability researchers, considering five topics: impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on sustainability transformations; learning for sustainability transformations; the role of solidarity; governance and political steering; and the role of science in society. Our discussions led to a meta-level reflection on what sustainability research can learn from research on COVID-19 regarding topics and disciplinary angles, time dimensions, the role of researchers, and how adequate preparation for both crises and long-term transformations requires interdisciplinary interaction.}, language = {en} } @article{JochheimLuettschwagerRiek2022, author = {Jochheim, Hubert and L{\"u}ttschwager, Dietmar and Riek, Winfried}, title = {Stem distance as an explanatory variable for the spatial distribution and chemical conditions of stand precipitation and soil solution under beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees}, series = {Journal of Hydrology}, journal = {Journal of Hydrology}, number = {608}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0022-1694}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127629}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5306}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The partitioning of bulk precipitation (PR) in forest ecosystems and its chemical composition depends on both meteorological factors, such as precipitation amount and intensity, evaporation rate, and wind speed, and stand structural factors, such as stand density, canopy structure, bark texture, and spatiotemporal distribution and density of foliage. We analysed fluxes of water and element contained therein of a mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest stand on sandy soils in northeastern Germany. We applied a radially symmetrical setup within a stem distance gradient to measure stand precipitation (SP) with its components of throughfall (TF) and stemflow (SF), as well as to measure soil moisture, the chemical composition of the soil solution, the soil chemistry, and the fine root distribution. The chemical analysis of the constituents covered the macroelements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Si, S, P), the cations and anions NH4+, NO3-, Cl-, SO42-, and a few heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn). With an average PR of 620 mm a-1, the partitioning resulted in 79\% TF, 6\% SF, and 15\% canopy interception. TF volume increased with distance to stem during summer, but decreased during winter. Clear spatial gradients with increasing concentrations from PR, to different classes of TF as the distance from the trunk decreased, to SF were observed for nearly all elements. The contact of precipitation with leaves and the canopy structures alters the chemical composition of TF and SF by transferring elements from dry deposition or leaching of intracellular materials from the canopy and leads to the input of larger amounts of macroelements and heavy metals with the SP into the soil. Spatial patterns of canopy structures thus affect the spatial variation of TF and its constituents, which also affects the spatial distribution of roots and, at least in phases, the chemical composition of the topsoil solution.}, language = {en} } @article{GrohDiamantopoulosDuanetal.2022, author = {Groh, Jannis and Diamantopoulos, Efstathios and Duan, Xiaohong and Ewert, Frank and Heinlein, Florian and Herbst, Michael and Holbak, Maja and Kamali, Bahareh and Kersebaum, Kurt-Christian and Kuhnert, Matthias and Nendel, Claas and Priesack, Eckart and Steidl, J{\"o}rg and Sommer, Michael and P{\"u}tz, Thomas and Vanderborght, Jan and Vereecken, Harry and Wallor, Evelyn and Weber, Tobias K. D. and Wegehenkel, Martin and Weiherm{\"u}ller, Lutz and Gerke, Horst H.}, title = {Same soil, different climate: Crop model intercomparison on translocated lysimeters}, series = {Vadose Zone Journal}, volume = {21}, journal = {Vadose Zone Journal}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1539-1663}, doi = {10.1002/vzj2.20202}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5395}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Crop model intercomparison studies have mostly focused on the assessment of predictive capabilities for crop development using weather and basic soil data from the same location. Still challenging is the model performance when considering complex interrelations between soil and crop dynamics under a changing climate. The objective of this study was to test the agronomic crop and environmental flux-related performance of a set of crop models. The aim was to predict weighing lysimeter-based crop (i.e., agronomic) and water-related flux or state data (i.e., environmental) obtained for the same soil monoliths that were taken from their original environment and translocated to regions with different climatic conditions, after model calibration at the original site. Eleven models were deployed in the study. The lysimeter data (2014-2018) were from the Dedelow (Dd), Bad Lauchst{\"a}dt (BL), and Selhausen (Se) sites of the TERENO (TERrestrial ENvironmental Observatories) SOILCan network. Soil monoliths from Dd were transferred to the drier and warmer BL site and the wetter and warmer Se site, which allowed a comparison of similar soil and crop under varying climatic conditions. The model parameters were calibrated using an identical set of crop- and soil-related data from Dd. Environmental fluxes and crop growth of Dd soil were predicted for conditions at BL and Se sites using the calibrated models. The comparison of predicted and measured data of Dd lysimeters at BL and Se revealed differences among models. At site BL, the crop models predicted agronomic and environmental components similarly well. Model performance values indicate that the environmental components at site Se were better predicted than agronomic ones. The multi-model mean was for most observations the better predictor compared with those of individual models. For Se site conditions, crop models failed to predict site-specific crop development indicating that climatic conditions (i.e., heat stress) were outside the range of variation in the data sets considered for model calibration. For improving predictive ability of crop models (i.e., productivity and fluxes), more attention should be paid to soil-related data (i.e., water fluxes and system states) when simulating soil-crop-climate interrelations in changing climatic conditions.}, language = {en} } @misc{KosteraStrauss2022, author = {Kostera, Monika and Strauß, Anke}, title = {Teaching what is not there}, series = {Culture and Organization}, volume = {28}, journal = {Culture and Organization}, number = {3-4}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, doi = {10.1080/14759551.2022.2036922}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5716}, pages = {185 -- 193}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{delRioPretzschRuizPeinadoetal.2022, author = {del R{\´i}o, Miren and Pretzsch, Hans and Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo and Jactel, Herv{\´e} and Coll, Llu{\´i}s and L{\"o}f, Magnus and Aldea, Jorge and Ammer, Christian and Avdagić, Admir and Barbeito, Ignacio and Bielak, Kamil and Bravo, Felipe and Brazaitis, Gediminas and Cern{\´y}, Jakub and Collet, Catherine and Cond{\´e}s, Sonia and Dr{\"o}ssler, Lars and Fabrika, Marek and Heym, Michael and Holm, Stig-Olof and Hylen, Gro and Jansons, Aris and Kurylyak, Viktor and Lombardi, Fabio and Matović, Bratislav and Metslaid, Marek and Motta, Renzo and Nord-Larsen, Thomas and Nothdurft, Arne and den Ouden, Jan and Pach, Maciej and Pardos, Marta and Poeydebat, Charlotte and Ponette, Quentin and P{\´e}rot, Tomas and Reventlow, Ditlev Otto Juel and Sitko, Roman and Sramek, Vit and Steckel, Mathias and Svoboda, Miroslav and Verheyen, Kris and Vospernik, Sonja and Wolff, Barbara and Zlatanov, Tzvetan and Bravo-Oviedo, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {Emerging stability of forest productivity by mixing two species buffers temperature destabilizing effect}, series = {Journal of Applied Ecology}, volume = {59}, journal = {Journal of Applied Ecology}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1365-2664}, doi = {10.1111/1365-2664.14267}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5778}, pages = {2730 -- 2741}, year = {2022}, language = {en} }