@article{WinklerSchwarzSenge2020, author = {Winkler, Christoph and Schwarz, Ulrich and Senge, Bernhard}, title = {Materialwissenschaftliche Analyse des Abbindeverhaltens von Holzklebstoffen am Beispiel von 1K-PUR}, series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, volume = {92}, journal = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {0009-286X}, doi = {10.1002/cite.201900171}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5323}, pages = {759 -- 768}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Das Abbinden von Holzklebstoffen wird bisher anhand von Parametern bewertet, die kaum eine prozesstechnische Optimierung erm{\"o}glichen. Mithilfe von Oszillationsmessungen und einem an dem Klebeprozess angepassten Versuchsaufbau kann dieser jedoch detailliert erfasst werden. Am Beispiel durchgef{\"u}hrter Timesweep-Messungen kann der Klebeprozess in charakteristische Bereiche molekularer und struktureller Abl{\"a}ufe eingeteilt werden. Diese Methode wird anhand eines Polyurethan-Prepolymers zum F{\"u}gen von Holzwerkstoffen dargestellt und analysiert.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{RussRiekWessolek2021, author = {Russ, Alexander and Riek, Winfried and Wessolek, Gerd}, title = {Mapping of soil carbon stocks using scorpan modelling and relative depth gradients}, series = {Pedometrics in an uncertain time and world}, booktitle = {Pedometrics in an uncertain time and world}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.19056.99845}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5286}, pages = {1}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Nowadays regional data on forest soil properties are increasingly demanded for various questions concerning forest management practices like tree species selection, liming, harvest intensity or the detection of risk areas. Thus data related to climate change and its site specific drought effects on one hand and current soil nutrient status on the other is especially required to support decision making. Besides soil texture, soil organic carbon is one of the most important key factors controlling soil nutrient status (eg. cation-exchange capacity) and soil water storage (e.g. field capacity) in the glacial deposits of north eastern lowlands. In contrast to soil texture, which can be considered as stable over periods relevant to practical forest management, for mapping soil organic carbon and its distribution throughout the soil profile a more dynamic regionalization approach considering contemporary measurements is needed. For this purpose, data on contemporary soil organic carbon stocks is taken from the second National Forest Soil Inventory and additional regional sampling points in Brandenburg (Germany). Potential covariates representing the soil forming factors: parent material, organisms (vegetation), age, relief and climate are obtained with high spatial resolution from forest site mapping, forest inventory, digital terrain analysis and climate models. The proposed regionalization approach captures the concepts of SCORPAN modelling and depth functions. While for estimation of carbon stocks in the entire soil solum stepwise regression analysis and geostatistical techniques are involved, the methodology to derive and map relative depth functions is based on cluster analysis and classification tree approach. The intended benefits by splitting regionalisation into plot level and relative vertical depth gradients are to ensure consistency of solum stocks and single soil depths and to avoid the construction of artificial depth gradients. Furthermore, the procedure allows a straightforward interpretation of covariates in the sense of pedogenetic processes, which: (a) supports variable selection and exclusion of spurious covariates during model development and (b) may provide direct decision support regarding environmental and management effects on soil organic carbon. The obtained statistical models contain covariates related to all five soil forming factors. But, the conducted analyses especially point towards high influences of depth to groundwater table and mean slope of catchment area on soil organic carbon storage. Invoking geostatistical techniques shows no remaining variation, to be explained by spatial position and thus don't improve overall model performance. Cluster analysis of relative depth gradients results in five Clusters of acceptable heterogeneity. The highest differences between the clusters are observed across the portions of carbon stored in the forest floor. Relative depth gradients are especially distinguished by tree species composition and stand age.}, language = {en} } @article{MannLoftHernandezMorcillo2021, author = {Mann, Carsten and Loft, Lasse and Hern{\´a}ndez-Morcillo, M{\´o}nica}, title = {Assessing forest governance innovations in Europe: Needs, challenges and ways forward for sustainable forest ecosystem service provision}, series = {Ecosystem Services}, journal = {Ecosystem Services}, number = {52}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2212-0416}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101384}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4731}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This Special Issue provides insights into conceptual approaches, methodological procedures and practice findings for the development and assessment of governance innovations for the sustainable provision of forest ecosystem services (FES) in Europe. We depart from the observation that the sustainable and balanced provision of FES requires novel policy, management and business approaches that need to overcome challenges in order to emerge, develop and flourish. These challenges are rooted in the diversity of forest ecosystems and institutional contexts, a lack of system understanding, of innovation dynamics, the public good character of many FES, and a production-oriented reference frame for forest management. We use a set of good governance innovation practices in form of new actor alliances and payment schemes as a basis for assessment and learning how to promote different kinds or bundles of FES. The contributing authors of the SI combine several methodological approaches to understand the working conditions of such innovations, including integrated mapping, stakeholder and governance analysis, and a forward-looking scenario approach for innovation assessment. Applying multi-methods and multi-actor approaches fruitfully orchestrated a constructive debate among stakeholders on the chances and challenges of governance innovations in Europe, to allow for their uptake in forest policy, business and practice.}, language = {en} } @article{WaibelBloebaumMatthiesetal.2020, author = {Waibel, Michael and Bl{\"o}baum, Anke and Matthies, Ellen and Schwede, Dirk and Messerschmidt, Rolf and Mund, Jan-Peter and Katzschner, Lutz and Jayaweera, Ravi and Becker, Annalena and Karagianni, Christina and McKenna, Amelie and Lambrecht, Oliver and Rivera, Marcelo and Kupski, Sebastian}, title = {Enhancing Quality of Life through Sustainable Urban Transformation in Cambodia: Introduction to the Build4People Project}, series = {Insight: Cambodia Journal of Basic and Applied Research}, volume = {2}, journal = {Insight: Cambodia Journal of Basic and Applied Research}, number = {2}, issn = {2790-3508}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5140}, pages = {199 -- 233}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This policy brief introduces preliminary research results of the Build4People project, funded by the German government as part of the multi-phase focus programme "Sustainable Development of Urban Regions". Furthermore, the research agenda of the upcoming main four-year Research and Development phase (RD phase) will be introduced based on insights gained in previous shorter funding periods. The Build4People research consortium consists of representatives from four German universities and two German companies with their respective research, implementation and dissemination partners in the Kingdom of Cambodia. Build4People's rationale is based on Phnom Penh's dynamic economic growth, which is coupled with a local urbanisation and construction boom. However, new buildings and neighbourhoods are rarely constructed in a sustainable way with direct and indirect negative environmental impacts. Issues of sustainability are hardly addressed by decision-makers in the construction sector, related ministries, city administrations or building users. The overall aim of the multi- and trans-disciplinary Build4People project during the RD phase is to support and analyse the transformative shift in Phnom Penh's current business-as-usual urban development pathway towards a pathway with higher sustainability and liveability levels. The entry points for the research are the building and neighbourhood planning sectors. Methods, tools and key instruments to achieve the objectives of the RD phase are collaborative planning workshops, strategic niche management approaches, transition management approaches and subsequent experimental implementation. All of these measures will generate applied knowledge for local stakeholders and a basis for evidence-based decision-making. Urban quality of life as a people-driven approach serves as the integrating link for all of our scientific, conceptional, analytical and normative dimensions. During our research, we will jointly conceptualize, measure and model urban quality of life and consider its political dimension and its often-ambiguous relationship to sustainability.}, language = {en} } @article{MohiuddinMund2021, author = {Mohiuddin, Gulam and Mund, Jan-Peter}, title = {Application of Land Surface Temperature Analysis in Urban Green Spaces: Case Studies from South Asia}, series = {GI_Forum}, volume = {9}, journal = {GI_Forum}, number = {2}, publisher = {Verlag der {\"O}sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften}, issn = {2308-1708}, doi = {10.1553/giscience2021_02_s202}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5168}, pages = {202 -- 214}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper demonstrates the use of remote sensing in planning urban green spaces (UGSs). UGSs emerged as a popular solution to combat the effects of Urban Heat Island, especially in tropical cities. UGS projects often need to identify priority implementation areas due to limited funding for UGSs. This study includes two Asian cities, namely Phnom Penh (Cambodia) and Chittagong (Bangladesh). It is not comparative, but it has identified priority administrative areas for future UGSs in both cities. We used Landsat 8 data and the remote sensing technique Land Surface Temperature (LST) analysis using radiance, temperature brightness and emissivity. LST data were then intersected with the administrative boundaries of the study areas. The identification of priority administrative areas for UGS considered both the area coverage and the percentage of coverage in terms of maximum LST within the administrative units' boundaries. The result found 8 and 10 administrative units to be hotspots for UGSs, for Phnom Penh and Chittagong respectively. The proposed method will be useful to both government and non-government organizations alike, especially in tropical countries.}, language = {en} } @article{FoehrderMundSpathelf2021, author = {Foehrder, Torben and Mund, Jan-Peter and Spathelf, Peter}, title = {Advantages of 360° Virtual Forest Tours to Supplement Academic Forestry Education}, series = {GI_Forum}, volume = {9}, journal = {GI_Forum}, number = {2}, publisher = {Verlag der {\"O}sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften}, issn = {2308-1708}, doi = {10.1553/giscience2021_02_s34}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5179}, pages = {34 -- 44}, year = {2021}, abstract = {360° virtual forest tours (VFTs), created by state-of-the-art virtual reality technology, contribute to the progression of academic e-learning and forest management. The article proposes a conceptual framework for 360° VFT production and use to supplement field courses. Reflective insights into the authors' own learning process in the production of 360° VFTs, and a consideration of the general challenges of the medium are also presented. To conclude, the article summarizes the advantages of 360° VFTs for forestry education in an academic context.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{McKennaSchultzBorgetal.2020, author = {McKenna, Amelie and Schultz, Alfred and Borg, Erik and Neumann, Matthias and Mund, Jan-Peter}, title = {Remote sensing and GIS based ecological modelling of potential red deer habitats in the test site region DEMMIN (TERENO)}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2020, 04.-08. Mai 2020 (ONLINE), Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2020, 04.-08. Mai 2020 (ONLINE), Vienna, Austria}, doi = {10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-19953}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5155}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The destruction of habitats has not only reduced biological diversity but also affected essential ecosystem services of the Central European cultural landscape. Therefore, in the further development of the cultural landscape and in the management of natural resources, special importance must be attached to the habitat demands of species and the preservation of ecosystem services. The study of ecosystem services has extended its influence into spatial planning and landscape ecology, the integration of which can offer an opportunity to enhance the saliency, credibility, and legitimacy of landscape ecology in spatial planning issues. Objective: This paper proposes a methodology to detect red deer habitats for e.g. huntable game. The model is established on remote sensing based value-added information products, the derived landscape structure information and the use of spatially and temporally imprecise in-situ data (e.g. available hunting statistics). In order to realize this, four statistical model approaches were developed and their predictive performance assessed. Methods: Altogether, our results indicate that based on the data mentioned above, modeling of habitats is possible using a coherent statistical model approach. All four models showed an overall classification of > 60\% and in the best case 71,4\%. The models based on logistic regression using preference data derived from 5-year hunting statistics, which has been interpreted as habitat suitability. The landscape metrics (LSM) will be calculated on the basis of the Global Forest Change dataset (HANSEN et al. 2013b ). The interpolation of landcover data into landscape-level was made with the software FRAGSTAT and the moving window approach. Correlation analysis is used to identify relevant LSM serving as inputs; logistic regression was used to derive a final binary classifier for habitat suitability values. Three model variations with different sets of LSM are tested using the unstandardized regression coefficient. Results lead to an insight of the effect of each LSM but not on the strength of the effect. Furthermore, the predicted outcome is rather difficult to interpret as different units and scales for each LSM are used. Hence, we calculated the fourth model using the standardized regression coefficient. It harmonized the measurement units of the LSM and thus allowed a better comparison, interpretation, and evaluation.Conclusion: Our research reveals that applying a statistical model using coarse data is effective to identify potential red deer habitats in a significant qualitative manner. The presented approach can be analogously applied to other mammals if the relevant structural requirements and empirical habitat suitability data (e.g. home range, biotopes, and food resources) are known. The habitat preferences of red deer are best described by LSM concerning area-relation and wildlifeedge relations. Most important are edges between meadows, pastures or agricultural field and forest, as well as short paths between those elements for food resources. A large proportion of forest is important for species survival and positively influences the occurrence of red deer. Outcomes help to understand species habitat relation and on which scale wildlife perceives the landscape. In addition, they support the practical habitat management and thus the overall species diversity.}, language = {en} } @article{BoeneckeMeyerVogeletal.2020, author = {B{\"o}necke, Eric and Meyer, Swen and Vogel, Sebastian and Schr{\"o}ter, Ingmar and Gebbers, Robin and Kling, Charlotte and Kramer, Eckart and L{\"u}ck, Katrin and Nagel, Anne and Philipp, Golo and Gerlach, Felix and Palme, Stefan and Scheibe, Dirk and Zieger, Karin and R{\"u}hlmann, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Guidelines for precise lime management based on high-resolution soil pH, texture and SOM maps generated from proximal soil sensing data}, series = {Precision Agriculture}, volume = {22}, journal = {Precision Agriculture}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1385-2256}, doi = {10.1007/s11119-020-09766-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4890}, pages = {493 -- 523}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Soil acidification is caused by natural paedogenetic processes and anthropogenic impacts but can be counteracted by regular lime application. Although sensors and applicators for variable-rate liming (VRL) exist, there are no established strategies for using these tools or helping to implement VRL in practice. Therefore, this study aimed to provide guidelines for site-specific liming based on proximal soil sensing. First, high-resolution soil maps of the liming-relevant indicators (pH, soil texture and soil organic matter content) were generated using on-the-go sensors. The soil acidity was predicted by two ion-selective antimony electrodes (RMSEpH: 0.37); the soil texture was predicted by a combination of apparent electrical resistivity measurements and natural soil-borne gamma emissions (RMSEclay: 0.046 kg kg-1); and the soil organic matter (SOM) status was predicted by a combination of red (660 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 970 nm) optical reflection measurements (RMSESOM: 6.4 g kg-1). Second, to address the high within-field soil variability (pH varied by 2.9 units, clay content by 0.44 kg kg-1 and SOM by 5.5 g kg-1), a well-established empirical lime recommendation algorithm that represents the best management practices for liming in Germany was adapted, and the lime requirements (LRs) were determined. The generated workflow was applied to a 25.6 ha test field in north-eastern Germany, and the variable LR was compared to the conventional uniform LR. The comparison showed that under the uniform liming approach, 63\% of the field would be over-fertilized by approximately 12 t of lime, 6\% would receive approximately 6 t too little lime and 31\% would still be adequately limed.}, language = {en} } @article{HorfBoeneckeGebbersetal.2023, author = {Horf, Michael and B{\"o}necke, Eric and Gebbers, Robin and Kling, Charlotte and Kramer, Eckart and R{\"u}hlmann, J{\"o}rg and Schr{\"o}ter, Ingmar and Schwanghart, Wolfgang and Vogel, Sebastian}, title = {Utility of visible and near-infrared spectroscopy to predict base neutralizing capacity and lime requirement of quaternary soils}, series = {Precision Agriculture}, volume = {24}, journal = {Precision Agriculture}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1385-2256}, doi = {10.1007/s11119-022-09945-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4916}, pages = {288 -- 309}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Detailed knowledge of a soil's lime requirement (LR) is a prerequisite for a demand-based lime fertilization to achieve the optimum soil pH and thus sustainably increasing soil fertility and crop yields. LR can be directly determined by the base neutralizing capacity (BNC) obtained by soil-base titration. For a site-specific soil acidity management, detailed information on the within-field variation of BNC is required. However, soil-base titrations for BNC determination are too laborious to be extensively applied in routine soil testing. In contrast, visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (visNIRS) is a time and cost-effective alternative that can analyze several soil characteristics within a single spectrum. VisNIRS was tested in the laboratory on 170 air-dried and sieved soil samples of nine agricultural fields of a quaternary landscape in North-east Germany predicting the soil's BNC and the corresponding lime requirement (LRBNC) at a target pH of 6.5. Seven spectral pre-processing methods were tested including a new technique based on normalized differences (ND). Furthermore, six multivariate regression methods were conducted including a new method combining a forward stagewise subset selection algorithm with PLSR (FS-PLSR). The models were validated using an independent sample set. The best regression model for most target variables was FS-PLSR combined with the second Savitzky-Golay derivation as pre-processing method achieving R2s from 0.68 to 0.82. Finally, the performance of the direct prediction of LRBNC (R2 = 0.68) was compared with an indirect prediction that was calculated by the predicted BNC parameters. This resulted in slightly higher correlation coefficients for the indirect method with R2 = 0.75.}, language = {en} } @article{HebinckKlerkxElzenetal.2021, author = {Hebinck, Aniek and Klerkx, Laurens and Elzen, Boelie and Kok, Kristiaan P. W. and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and Schiller, Katharina and Tschersich, Julia and van Mierlo, Barbara and von Wirth, Timo}, title = {Beyond food for thought - Directing sustainability transitions research to address fundamental change in agri-food systems}, series = {Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions}, journal = {Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions}, number = {41}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2210-4224}, doi = {10.1016/j.eist.2021.10.003}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4885}, pages = {81 -- 85}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Dominant agricultural and food systems lead to continuous resource depletion and unacceptable environmental and social impacts. While current calls for changing agrifood systems are increasingly framed in the context of sustainability transitions, they rarely make an explicit link to transition studies to address these systemic challenges, nor do transition scholars sufficiently address agri-food systems, despite their global pertinence. From this viewpoint, we illustrate several gaps in the agri-food systems debate that sustainability transition studies could engage in. We propose four avenues for research in the next decade of transition research on agri-food systems: 1) Crossscale dynamics between coupled systems; 2) Social justice, equity and inclusion; 3) Sustainability transitions in low- and middle-income countries; 4) Cross-sectoral governance and system integration. We call for a decade of new transition research that moves beyond single-scale and sector perspectives toward more inclusive and integrated analyses of food system dynamics.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{vonMuenchhausenMarkowHaeringetal.2022, author = {von M{\"u}nchhausen, Susanne and Markow, Jekaterina and H{\"a}ring, Anna Maria and Cronien, Evelien and Fieldsend, Andrew}, title = {Are Advisors the Primary Providers of Innovation Support Services in Forestry and Agriculture? Preliminary Findings from the Project LIAISON}, series = {14th European Farming Systems Conference - Farming systems facing climate change and resources challenges (IFSA22), {\´E}vora, Portugal, 10-14 April 2022 (Session Session 1.6 - Institutions and organisations in interactive innovation, Part Theme 1 - Innovation Support Services)}, booktitle = {14th European Farming Systems Conference - Farming systems facing climate change and resources challenges (IFSA22), {\´E}vora, Portugal, 10-14 April 2022 (Session Session 1.6 - Institutions and organisations in interactive innovation, Part Theme 1 - Innovation Support Services)}, doi = {10.5281/zenodo.6466097}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4698}, year = {2022}, abstract = {A large variety of organisations provides support for cooperative approaches in the field of research and innovation in agriculture, forestry and rural development, and acts as Innovation Support Services (ISS). The findings from ProAkis (2015) show that different types of organisations such as administrative offices, public or semi-public advisory services, rural academies/universities, producer organisations, other NGOs or private consultants engaged in the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation System (AKIS) can act as ISS. The funding of ISS can be public, private or a mix of both. A literature review indicates that studies often focus on the larger "enabling environment" and the structure of the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems (AKIS). Moreover, many authors pay particular attention to the role of public or semi-public farm advisory organisations (Knierim et al., 2015; Sulaiman 2015). The paper is based on the analysis of more than 200 case studies of publically or privately funded interactive innovation projects within the EU and beyond. The selection of cases took place under the framework of the Horizon2020-funded European research and innovation project LIAISON. European and national databases contain several thousands of projects in agriculture, forestry and rural development. We selected projects applying the interactive innovation approach from a) EU programmes (EIP-Agri, Horizon2020, Interreg, and LIFE+); b) nationally/regionally or privately funded projects; and c) informal initiatives or networks in the agri-food, forestry, bioeconomy or nature conservation area. The results indicate that publically funded IIS play a core role for legal/administrative compliance of projects. Semi-public advisory services take up this role as well, and they are strong in linking farmers with scientists, technicians, entrepreneurs etc. However, they often exist and offer efficient ISS only for those industries that have a long tradition for a sector or area (e.g. dairy, pork, poultry or club fruit). This paper shows that different types of organisations (research institutes, farmers or producer organisations, NGOs, processing or marketing SMEs, or public bodies) provide various forms of support for the studied interactive innovation groups. No particular type of organisation such as the farm advisory services are more suitable than the other organisations for the delivery of ISS. Instead, it depends on former collaboration, the particular topic, objective or capacities available as well as the cultural/political context who engages in interactive innovation and provides innovation support.}, language = {en} } @article{WeissMichlerGillichetal.2022, author = {Weiss, Fabio and Michler, Frank Uwe and Gillich, Benjamin and Tillmann, J{\"o}rg and Ciuti, Simone and Heurich, Marco and Rieger, Siegfried}, title = {Displacement Effects of Conservation Grazing on Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Spatial Behaviour}, series = {Environmental Management}, volume = {70}, journal = {Environmental Management}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {0364-152X}, doi = {10.1007/s00267-022-01697-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4609}, pages = {763 -- 779}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Conservation grazing uses semi-feral or domesticated herbivores to limit encroachment in open areas and to promote biodiversity. However, we are still unaware of its effects on wild herbivores. This study investigates the influence of herded sheep and goats on red deer (Cervus elaphus) spatial behavior by testing three a-priori hypotheses: (i) red deer are expected to avoid areas used by livestock, as well as adjacent areas, when livestock are present, albeit (ii) red deer increase the use of these areas when sheep and goats are temporarily absent and (iii) there is a time-lagged disruption in red deer spatial behavior when conservation grazing practice ends. Using GPS-telemetry data on red deer from a German heathland area, we modelled their use of areas grazed by sheep and goats, using mixed-effect logistic regression. Additionally, we developed seasonal resource selection functions (use-availability design) to depict habitat selection by red deer before, during, and after conservation grazing. Red deer used areas less during conservation grazing throughout all times of the day and there was no compensatory use during nighttime. This effect mostly persisted within 21 days after conservation grazing. Effects on habitat selection of red deer were detectable up to 3000 meters away from the conservation grazing sites, with no signs of either habituation or adaption. For the first time, we demonstrate that conservation grazing can affect the spatio-temporal behavior of wild herbivores. Our findings are relevant for optimizing landscape and wildlife management when conservation grazing is used in areas where wild herbivores are present.}, language = {en} } @article{BehrendtPeterSterlyetal.2022, author = {Behrendt, Gerlinde and Peter, Sarah and Sterly, Simone and H{\"a}ring, Anna Maria}, title = {Community financing for sustainable food and farming: a proximity perspective}, series = {Agriculture and Human Values}, volume = {39}, journal = {Agriculture and Human Values}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, doi = {10.1007/s10460-022-10304-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4711}, pages = {1063 -- 1075}, year = {2022}, abstract = {An increasing number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the German organic agri-food sector involves citizens through different community financing models. While such models provide alternative funding sources as well as marketing opportunities to SMEs, they allow private investors to combine their financial and ethical concerns by directly supporting the development of a more sustainable food system. Due to the low level of financial intermediation, community financing is characterized by close relations between investors and investees. Against this background, we apply the proximity concept from economic geography to explore spatial and relational aspects of community financing in the German organic agri-food sector. Based on a qualitative multiple case study approach, we find that the relevance of proximity is twofold. While different forms of proximity between SMEs and their potential investors are key success factors, proximity is also considered as one desired outcome of community financing. Furthermore, our results reveal that the extent to which SMEs rely on particular proximity dimensions distinguishes two different approaches to community financing.}, language = {en} } @article{MensahAhiekporHeroldetal.2022, author = {Mensah, Isaac and Ahiekpor, Julius Cudjoe and Herold, Nadine and Bensah, Edem Cudjoe and Pfriem, Alexander and Antwi, Edward and Amponsem, Bright}, title = {Biomass and plastic co-pyrolysis for syngas production: Characterisation of Celtis mildbraedii sawdust as a potential feedstock}, series = {Scientific African}, journal = {Scientific African}, number = {16}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {2468-2276}, doi = {10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01208}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4588}, pages = {9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Celtis mildbraedii sawdust (CMS) from Ghana was characterised to investigate its suitability with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for syngas production via co-pyrolysis. The physical and chemical properties assessed include proximate and ultimate compositions, pH value, higher heating value (HHV), and lignocellulosic composition. Also, the thermal behaviour at different heating rates (5, 10, and 20 K/min) and qualitative prediction of organic compounds of CMS were examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG) and NIR spectroscopy techniques, respectively. Results of proximate analysis (moisture = 17.15 ± 0.0 wt.\%, ash = 1.13 ± 0.4 wt.\%, volatile matter = 68.39 ± 0.4 wt.\%, fixed carbon = 13.33 ± 0.8 wt.\%); ultimate analysis (C = 48.51 wt.\%, H = 6.66 wt.\%, N = 0.51 wt.\%, S = 0.02 wt.\%, O = 44.30 wt.\%); pH values (cold phase = 7.60, hot phase = 6.30); HHV (15.37 - 18.03 MJ/kg); and lignocellulosic composition (extractives = 13.80 ± 0.57 wt.\%, hemicellulose = 21.95 ± 3.89 wt.\%, lignin = 17.35 ± 0.35 wt.\%, cellulose = 46.90 ± 2.97 wt.\%) were obtained. The maximum mass loss was 83.48\% at 289.8 °C at 5 K/min. It was concluded that CMS is a highly potential biomass resource for syngas production with an empirical formula of CH1.64O0.69N0.009S0.0001.}, language = {en} } @article{deMiguelDiezGuiguePettenkoferetal.2022, author = {de Miguel-D{\´i}ez, Felipe and Guigue, Phillippe and Pettenkofer, Tim and Tolosana-Esteban, Eduardo and Purf{\"u}rst, Thomas and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Development and evaluation of a novel 3D simulation software for modelling wood stacks}, series = {PLoS ONE}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, number = {17(3)}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0264414}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4472}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Assessing the solid wood content is crucial when acquiring stacked roundwood. A frequently used method for this is to multiply determined conversion factors by the measured gross volume. However, the conversion factors are influenced by several log and stack parameters. Although these parameters have been identified and studied, their individual influence has not yet been analyzed using a broad statistical basis. This is due to the considerable financial resources that the data collection entails. To overcome this shortcoming, a 3D-simulation model was developed. It generates virtual wood stacks of randomized composition based on one individual data set of logs, which may be real or defined by the user. In this study, the development and evaluation of the simulation model are presented. The model was evaluated by conducting a sensitivity and a quantitative analysis of the simulation outcomes based on real measurements of 405 logs of Norway spruce and 20 stacks constituted with these. The results of the simulation outcomes revealed a small overestimation of the net volume of real stacks: by 1.2\% for net volume over bark and by 3.2\% for net volume under bark. Furthermore, according to the calculated mean bias error (MBE), the model underestimates the gross volume by 0.02\%. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis confirmed the capability of the model to adequately consider variations in the input parameters and to provide reliable outcomes.}, language = {en} } @misc{MackSchickGeyeretal.2021, author = {Mack, Kevin and Schick, Axel and Geyer, Juliane and Kruhlov, Ivan and Dichte, Angela and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Ukraine based on three UNESCO Biosphere Reserves : Toolbox}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.30597.01768}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-7205}, pages = {97}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{SchaeferHaack2023, author = {Sch{\"a}fer, Martina and Haack, Michaela}, title = {Overcoming the efficiency paradigm—The challenges of introducing local organic beef in canteens}, series = {Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems}, volume = {7}, journal = {Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2571-581X}, doi = {10.3389/fsufs.2023.1152185}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4395}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Introduction In recent years, there has been a growing recognition that public canteens can play an important role in supporting the transformation toward sustainable food systems and providing access to sustainable and healthy food for everybody—including the most vulnerable groups of the population. One important way in which canteens can contribute to this transformation is by increasing the share of organic and local products. These new political and public demands contrast with the organizational development of canteens over the past few decades, which has mainly been characterized by an increase in economic efficiency and a reduction in costs. Based on a project that was carried out in the Berlin-Brandenburg region (Germany), this paper exemplifies some of the challenges canteens face in the process of introducing organic and local products. Methods The empirical results are based on 31 qualitative interviews with canteen managers and kitchen staff as well as with the processing company involved. In addition, a survey of 500 canteen guests was conducted in the participating canteens. Results The analysis shows that the canteens had to adapt various organizational practices to ensure a healthy and sustainable diet at manageable cost. Introducing local organic beef in the canteens requires close cooperation with local farmers and processors, a change in procurement practices, transparency around the origin of the products, as well as adapted menu planning. Discussion Based on the empirical results, the paper discusses how these challenges can be met and which supportive measures can be taken on different governance levels. To change entrenched practices, process facilitators who support local cooperation along the value added chain are needed, and practical knowledge and professional training must be provided. The article concludes that there is a great potential to foster a sustainable and healthy diet via public and private canteens if the tension between efficiency and sustainability orientation can be overcome by adapting framework conditions.}, language = {en} } @article{DonatGeistertGrahmannetal.2022, author = {Donat, Marco and Geistert, Jonas and Grahmann, Kathrin and Bloch, Ralf and Bellingrath-Kimura, Sonoko D.}, title = {Patch cropping- a new methodological approach to determine new field arrangements that increase the multifunctionality of agricultural landscapes}, series = {Computers and Electronics in Agriculture}, journal = {Computers and Electronics in Agriculture}, number = {197}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0168-1699}, doi = {10.1016/j.compag.2022.106894}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4365}, pages = {1 -- 15}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Agricultural intensification decreased land cover complexity by converting small complex arable field geometries into large and simple structures which then were managed uniformly. These changes have led to a variety of negative environmental effects and influence ecosystem services. We present a novel small-scale and site-specific cropping system which splits a large field into small homogeneous sub-fields called 'patches' grouped in different yield potentials. A detailed workflow is presented to generate new spatially arranged patches with special focus on preprocessing and filtering of multi-year yield data, the variation in patch sizes and the adaptation of maximum working width to use available conventional farm equipment and permanent traffic lanes. The reduction of variance by the used cluster algorithm depends on the within-field heterogeneity. The patch size, the number of growing seasons (GS) used for clustering and the parallel shift of the patch structure along the permanent traffic lane resulted in a change in relative variance. Independent cross validation showed an increased performance of the classification algorithm with increasing number of GS used for clustering. The applied cluster analysis resulted in robust field segregation according to different yield potential zones and provides an innovative method for a novel cropping system.}, language = {en} } @article{WilmsDuppelCremeretal.2021, author = {Wilms, Florian and Duppel, Nils and Cremer, Tobias and Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol}, title = {Bark Thickness and Heights of the Bark Transition Area of Scots Pine}, series = {Forests}, journal = {Forests}, number = {12(10)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f12101386}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4330}, pages = {1 -- 12}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The estimation of forest biomass is gaining interest not only for calculating harvesting volumes but also for carbon storage estimation. However, bark (and carbon) compounds are not distributed equally along the stem. Particularly when looking at Scots pine, a radical change in the structure of the bark along the stem can be noted. At the bark transition area, the bark changes from thick and rough to thin and smooth. The aim of our study was (1) to analyze the height of the bark transition area where the bark structure changes and (2) to analyze the effect of cardinal direction on the bark thickness. Regression analyses and forward selection were performed including measured tree height, DBH, bark thickness, crown base height and upper and lower heights of the bark transition areas of 375 trees. While the cardinal direction had no effect on bark thickness, DBH was found to have a significant effect on the heights of the bark transition areas, with stand density and tree height having a minor additional effect. These variables can be used to estimate timber volume (without bark) with higher accuracy and to predict the carbon storage potential of forest biomass according to different tree compartments and compounds.}, language = {en} } @article{SabatiniBluhmKunetal.2021, author = {Sabatini, Francesco Maria and Bluhm, Hendrik and Kun, Zoltan and Aksenov, Dmitry and Atauri, Jos{\´e} A. and Buchwald, Erik and Burrascano, Sabina and Cateau, Eug{\´e}nie and Diku, Abdulla and Duarte, In{\^e}s Marques and Fern{\´a}ndez L{\´o}pez, {\´A}ngel B. and Garbarino, Matteo and Grigoriadis, Nikolaos and Horv{\´a}th, Ferenc and Keren, Srđan and Kitenberga, Mara and Kiš, Alen and Kraut, Ann and Ibisch, Pierre L. and Larrieu, Laurent and Lombardi, Fabio and Matovic, Bratislav and Melu, Radu Nicolae and Meyer, Peter and Midteng, Rein and Mikac, Stjepan and Mikol{\´a}š, Martin and Mozgeris, Gintautas and Panayotov, Momchil and Pisek, Rok and Nunes, Le{\´o}nia and Ruete, Alejandro and Schickhofer, Matthias and Simovski, Bojan and Stillhard, Jonas and Stojanovic, Dejan and Szwagrzyk, Jerzy and Tikkanen, Olli-Pekka and Toromani, Elvin and Volosyanchuk, Roman and Vrška, Tom{\´a}š and Waldherr, Marcus and Yermokhin, Maxim and Zlatanov, Tzvetan and Zagidullina, Asiya and Kuemmerle, Tobias}, title = {European primary forest database v2.0}, series = {Scientific Data}, volume = {8}, journal = {Scientific Data}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK}, issn = {2052-4463}, doi = {10.1038/s41597-021-00988-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4173}, pages = {14}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Primary forests, defined here as forests where the signs of human impacts, if any, are strongly blurred due to decades without forest management, are scarce in Europe and continue to disappear. Despite these losses, we know little about where these forests occur. Here, we present a comprehensive geodatabase and map of Europe's known primary forests. Our geodatabase harmonizes 48 different, mostly field-based datasets of primary forests, and contains 18,411 individual patches (41.1 Mha) spread across 33 countries. When available, we provide information on each patch (name, location, naturalness, extent and dominant tree species) and the surrounding landscape (biogeographical regions, protection status, potential natural vegetation, current forest extent). Using Landsat satellite-image time series (1985-2018) we checked each patch for possible disturbance events since primary forests were identified, resulting in 94\% of patches free of significant disturbances in the last 30 years. Although knowledge gaps remain, ours is the most comprehensive dataset on primary forests in Europe, and will be useful for ecological studies, and conservation planning to safeguard these unique forests.}, language = {en} }