@article{CreamerHagensBaartmanetal.2021, author = {Creamer, Rachel E. and Hagens, Mathilde and Baartman, Jantiene and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Editorial for special issue on "understanding soil functions - from ped to planet"}, series = {European Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {72}, journal = {European Journal of Soil Science}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1365-2389}, doi = {10.1111/ejss.13099}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6870}, pages = {1493 -- 1496}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @misc{WolfNoeltingHammetal.2022, author = {Wolf, Nicole and N{\"o}lting, Benjamin and Hamm, Andrea and Rehak, Rainer and Hobelsberger, Christine and Beer, Felix}, title = {Kommunale Plattformen nachhaltig gestalten : Kriterienkatalog f{\"u}r Plattformen im Dienst einer nachhaltig-digitalen Daseinsvorsorge}, series = {Kurzstudie der Forschungslinie „Zukunftsf{\"a}hige Daseinsvorsorge"}, journal = {Kurzstudie der Forschungslinie „Zukunftsf{\"a}hige Daseinsvorsorge"}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6641}, pages = {54}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Digitale Plattformen avancieren zu einem wichtigen Teil der kommunalen Daseinsvorsorge. Richtig eingesetzt, k{\"o}nnen plattformbasierte Leistungen ein wirksames Steuerungsinstrument f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Kommunalentwicklung darstellen. F{\"u}r diese kommunale Gestaltungsaufgabe wird in der Kurzstudie ein Kriterienkatalog erarbeitet, anhand dessen die Nachhaltigkeitspotenziale und -risiken unterschiedlicher Plattformmodelle beschrieben und untersucht werden k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{DabardMann2023, author = {Dabard, Caroline H{\´e}l{\`e}ne and Mann, Carsten}, title = {Sustainability innovations: a proposal for an analytical framework and its empirical application in the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve}, series = {Sustainability Science}, volume = {18}, journal = {Sustainability Science}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1862-4057}, doi = {10.1007/s11625-022-01241-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6558}, pages = {1085 -- 1098}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Sustainability innovations influence societal transformations through the development of new products, processes, organizations, behaviors or values. Although various research approaches have tackled technological innovations in the last few decades, the specificities and enabling conditions of individual sustainability innovations remain rather unknown. We therefore propose an analytical framework, built on learning from the social-ecological systems and transitions literature. The sustainability innovation framework features four dimensions: context, actors, process and outcomes, which are detailed in 31 variables. We use the sustainability innovation framework to analyze two case studies selected in the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve, Germany. The first refers to technological and organizational innovation in mobility, while the second relates to social and organizational innovation in agriculture. As a result, we highlight commonalities and differences in enabling conditions and variables between the two cases, which underpin the influence of trust, commitment, resource availability, experimenting, learning, advocating, and cooperating for innovation development. The cases further demonstrate that sustainability innovations develop as bundles of interdependent, entangled novelties, due to their disruptive character. Their specificity thereby resides in positive outcomes in terms of social-ecological integrity and equity. This study therefore contributes to transitions studies via a detailed characterization of sustainability innovations and of their outcomes, as well as through a generic synthesis of variables into an analytical framework that is applicable to a large and diverse range of individual sustainability innovations. Further empirical studies should test these findings in other contexts, to pinpoint generic innovation development patterns and to develop a typology of sustainability innovation archetypes.}, language = {en} } @article{Molitor2022, author = {Molitor, Heike}, title = {Wenn Stadtkinder Zeit haben: Naturerfahrungen im freien Spiel}, series = {Zeitpolitisches Magazin}, volume = {19}, journal = {Zeitpolitisches Magazin}, number = {40}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Zeitpolitik Gemeinn{\"u}tziger e.V.}, issn = {2196-0356}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6633}, pages = {29 -- 31}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @techreport{DickhutStrasdasGoergeetal.2023, author = {Dickhut, Heike and Strasdas, Wolfgang and Goerge, Marius and Schulze D{\"u}ding, Johanna}, title = {Messung der Nachhaltigkeit des Tourismus in Deutschland}, number = {73}, editor = {Umweltbundesamt,}, publisher = {Umweltbundesamt}, address = {Dessau-Roßlau}, issn = {1862-4804}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6531}, pages = {350}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Mit dem hier vorgelegten Projekt wurden zwei Hauptziele verfolgt. Zun{\"a}chst wurde das sogenannte Tourismus Sustainability Satellite Account (TSSA), ein Bilanzierungssystem zur Messung der Nachhaltigkeit des Deutschlandtourismus, das in der vorangegangenen Projektphase erstmalig entwickelt und angewendet wurde, nun mit den aktuell verf{\"u}gbaren Daten erneut bef{\"u}llt. Beim TSSA handelt es sich um ein erweitertes Tourismus-Satellitenkonto (TSA) bzw. ein Kennzahlensystem, welches im Wesentlichen auf den statistischen Rahmenwerken der Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen (VGR) und Umwelt{\"o}konomischen Gesamtrechnungen (UGR) beruht. Hinzu kommen soziale Indikatoren, die die Nachhaltigkeit der Arbeitsverh{\"a}ltnisse im Tourismus messen. Das TSSA erlaubt somit eine systematische Zuordnung der {\"o}konomischen, {\"o}kologischen und sozialen Auswirkungen des Tourismus zu den tourismusrelevanten Wirtschaftszweigen auf nationaler Ebene. Im Ergebnis der TSSA-Aktualisierung zeigt sich, dass der Tourismus in Deutschland weiterhin signifikant zur Wertsch{\"o}pfung und zur Schaffung von Arbeitspl{\"a}tzen beitr{\"a}gt. Rund 3,6 \% bzw. 6,1 \% der Gesamtbruttowertsch{\"o}pfung und -besch{\"a}ftigung standen im Jahr 2019 im Zusammenhang mit dem Tourismus. Die Arbeitsproduktivit{\"a}t im Tourismussektor ist allerdings weiterhin relativ gering. Bei den {\"o}kologischen Auswirkungen zeigt sich ein im Vergleich zur letzten Messung (mit Daten von 2015 oder 2016) leicht gestiegener Energieverbrauch bei allerdings zur{\"u}ckgehender Energieintensit{\"a}t. Diese ist im Tourismus {\"a}hnlich hoch wie im Durchschnitt der deutschen Volkswirtschaft. Bei den tourismusinduzierten Emissionen von Treibhausgasen (THG) und besonders bei der Emissionsintensit{\"a}t sind ebenfalls Verbesserungen zu beobachten, doch liegt die Emissionsintensit{\"a}t der Tourismuswirtschaft immer noch deutlich {\"u}ber dem volkswirtschaftlichen Durchschnitt. Innerhalb der deutschen Tourismuswirtschaft tr{\"a}gt weiterhin der Verkehrssektor (insb. Flug- und Schiffsverkehr) am st{\"a}rksten zum Energieverbrauch und zu den THG-Emissionen bei. Dagegen ist der tourismusinduzierte Wasserverbrauch deutschlandweit als eher unproblematisch einzusch{\"a}tzen. Die Wasserintensit{\"a}t des Tourismus liegt deutlich unter dem Durchschnitt der deutschen Volkswirtschaft. Innerhalb des Tourismus ist sie am h{\"o}chsten in den Sektoren Beherbergung und Gastronomie. Bez{\"u}glich der sozialen Nachhaltigkeitsdimension ist der relativ geringe und im Zeitverlauf abnehmende Verdienstabstand zwischen M{\"a}nnern und Frauen (bekannt als Gender Pay Gap; hier unbereinigt) in der Tourismuswirtschaft hervorzuheben. Alle anderen Kennzahlen in Bezug auf die Arbeitsbedingungen im Tourismus fallen dagegen weiterhin eher negativ aus. Dementsprechend werden diese von den Besch{\"a}ftigten der Branche im Vergleich zum Durchschnitt der deutschen Gesamtwirtschaft als schlechter eingesch{\"a}tzt. Bereits w{\"a}hrend der vorangegangenen Projektphase zeigte sich, dass f{\"u}r einige Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren, vor allem aus dem {\"o}kologischen Bereich, eine Ber{\"u}cksichtigung im Rahmen des TSSA-Ansatzes nicht uneingeschr{\"a}nkt m{\"o}glich ist. Dies liegt unter anderem an der unzureichenden Datenlage in der amtlichen Statistik sowie der Komplexit{\"a}t, bestimmte {\"o}kologische Effekte kausal dem Tourismus zuzuordnen. Daher wurde im zweiten Teil des hier vorgelegten Projekts f{\"u}r die Umweltindikatoren „Biodiversit{\"a}t", „Wasserqualit{\"a}t", „L{\"a}rmbelastung", „Fl{\"a}cheninanspruchnahme", „Luftemissionen" und „Abfallaufkommen" sowie f{\"u}r den sozialen Indikator „Tourismusakzeptanz" eine ausf{\"u}hrliche Recherche bestehender Datengrundlagen durchgef{\"u}hrt und darauf aufbauend evaluiert, inwieweit alternative Bilanzierungsans{\"a}tze - als Erg{\"a}nzung zum TSSA-Messsystem - den Tourismuseffekt abbilden k{\"o}nnen. Im Rahmen des Datenscreenings best{\"a}tigte sich zun{\"a}chst die mangelhafte Datenlage auf Bundesebene. Die Machbarkeitsanalyse kam nachfolgend zu dem Ergebnis, dass eine r{\"a}umliche Differenzierung nach dem Grad touristischer Relevanz, gemessen an Tourismusdichte und -intensit{\"a}t, und eine daran ankn{\"u}pfende Analyse der Ver{\"a}nderung von Umweltbedingungen in stark touristisch gepr{\"a}gten Regionen mit Vergleich zum gesamtdeutschen Durchschnitt eine M{\"o}glichkeit darstellt, um den Beitrag des Tourismus beispielsweise zur Fl{\"a}chenversiegelung zu quantifizieren. Einerseits k{\"o}nnte daf{\"u}r auf bereits bestehende amtliche Regionaldaten zur{\"u}ckgegriffen werden. Andererseits w{\"a}ren bei bestimmten Umweltindikatoren auch zus{\"a}tzliche Datenerhebungen auf lokaler Ebene in der Zukunft notwendig. Insbesondere f{\"u}r die Wirkungsfelder Biodiversit{\"a}t und Abf{\"a}lle m{\"u}ssten zun{\"a}chst die Voraussetzungen bzgl. Datenverf{\"u}gbarkeit geschaffen werden. Dagegen ließe sich die Tourismusakzeptanz durch regelm{\"a}ßige standardisierte Befragungen messen.}, language = {de} } @article{PerkovićPaulVasićetal.2022, author = {Perković, Stanislava and Paul, Carsten and Vasić, Filip and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Human Health and Soil Health Risks from Heavy Metals, Micro(nano)plastics, and Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Agricultural Soils}, series = {Agronomy}, volume = {12}, journal = {Agronomy}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-4395}, doi = {10.3390/agronomy12122945}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3739}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Humans are exposed to agricultural soils through inhalation, dermal contact, or the consumption of food. Human health may be at risk when soils are contaminated; while some soil contaminants such as heavy metals (HMs) have been extensively studied, others such as micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) or antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) pose novel threats. This paper investigates the linkages between soil contamination and human health risk by reviewing the state of knowledge on HMs, MNPs, and ARB in agricultural soils. A keyword-based search in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted, complemented with a backward snowball search. We analysed main sources of contamination for agricultural soils, risks to human health differentiated by uptake pathway (ingestion, inhalation, dermal), and interactions of contaminants with microorganism, soil fauna, and plants. Results show that the emergence and spread of ARB and antibiotic resistant genes from agricultural soils and their contribution to antibiotic resistances of human pathogens is recognized as a significant threat. Likewise, a growing body of evidence indicates that MNPs are able to enter the food chain and to have potentially harmful effects on human health. For HM, knowledge of the effects on human health is well established. Multiple agricultural practices increase HM concentrations in soils, which may lead to adverse health effects from the ingestion of contaminated products or inhalation of contaminated soil particles. Severe knowledge gaps exist about the pathways of the contaminants, their behaviour in soil, and human uptake. Little is known about long-term exposure and impacts of MNPs, antibiotics and ARB on human health or about the possible combined effects of MNPs, ARB, and HMs. Missing monitoring systems inhibit a comprehensive assessment of human health risks. Our research demonstrates the need for human health risk assessment in the context of agricultural soils, in particular to be able to assess risks related to measures reinforcing the concept of the circular economy.}, language = {en} } @article{OrtizJameroCrespinetal.2023, author = {Ortiz, Andrea Monica D. and Jamero, Ma. Laurice and Crespin, Silvio Javier and Smith Ramirez, Cecilia and Matias, Denise Margaret and Reyes, Jameela Joy and Pauchard, An{\´i}bal and La Vi{\~n}a, Antonia G. M.}, title = {The land and sea routes to 2030: a call for greater attention on all small islands in global environmental policy}, series = {npj Biodiversity}, journal = {npj Biodiversity}, number = {2}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group UK}, issn = {2731-4243}, doi = {10.1038/s44185-023-00023-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6780}, pages = {8}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Islands have unique vulnerabilities to biodiversity loss and climate change. Current Nationally Determined Contributions under the Paris Agreement are insufficient to avoid the irreversible loss of critical island ecosystems. Existing research, policies, and finance also do not sufficiently address small islands' social-environmental challenges. For instance, the new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) mentions islands in the invasive species management target. This focus is important, as islands are at high risk to biological invasions; however, this is the only GBF target that mentions islands. There are threats of equal or greater urgency to small islands, including coastal hazards and overexploitation. Ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves are crucial for biodiversity, coastal protection, and human livelihoods, yet are unaddressed in the GBF. While research and global policy, including targeted financial flows, have a strong focus on Small Island Developing States (SIDS), the situation of other small islands has been largely overlooked. Here, through a review of policy developments and examples from islands in the Philippines and Chile, we urge that conservation and climate change policies place greater emphasis on acknowledging the diversity of small islands and their unique governance challenges, extending the focus beyond SIDS. Moving forward, global policy and research should include the recognition of small islands as metacommunities linked by interacting species and social-ecological systems to emphasize their connectivity rather than their isolation. Coalition-building and knowledge-sharing, particularly with local, Indigenous and traditional knowledge-holders from small islands, is needed to meet global goals on biodiversity and sustainable development by 2030.}, language = {en} } @misc{TarneBatjavMatiasetal.2022, author = {Tarne, Anika and Batjav, Batbuyan and Matias, Denise Margaret and Mehring, Marion}, title = {Rural to urban migration in Mongolia - Social-ecological conditions for a stepwise process}, series = {ISOE-Diskussionspapiere}, journal = {ISOE-Diskussionspapiere}, number = {47}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, issn = {1436-3534}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6728}, pages = {17}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Since the 1990s, Mongolia's capital city Ulaanbaatar has recorded steady and rapid population growth due to rural-urban migration. So far, little is known about how the social and ecological conditions of migration interact. Thus, in our study we investigated the rural-urban migration process from the countryside to the capital in the Eastern Steppe conducting semi-structured interviews. Our results show that this rural-urban migration often follows a stepwise process from smaller settlements to larger urban agglomerations. The results also demonstrate a complex interplay between the prevailing social, economic, and ecological factors. While social factors (kinship, education) show the same relevance at each step of migration, ecological factors such as the occurrence of dzud seem more relevant at the early stages, from the steppe to the sum centres. Ecological factors only seem to rank second in importance, after social reasons. Economic reasons are also revealed to be very significant but seem most relevant the closer the migrations are to the capital. These results are essential in order to cope with current and future challenges of population development and find solutions to enable traditional Mongolian nomadism even under a modern lifestyle.}, language = {en} } @article{GoettertStarik2022, author = {G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Starik, Nicole}, title = {Human-Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity}, series = {Diversity}, volume = {14}, journal = {Diversity}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1424-2818}, doi = {10.3390/d14050380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2828}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Here, we address the question of if/to what extent human-wildlife conflict (HWC) can be reduced or mitigated by supra-regional or even global approaches, or whether case- and region-specific strategies are necessary. First, we try to shift the perspective from humans towards wildlife and regard modern era (near) extinctions of selected wildlife species as an ultimate expression of HWC. We then reflect on the legitimacy of ecosystem comparisons beyond the borders of biogeographical regions—an important prerequisite for global approaches. In the following, we present two case scenarios that exemplarily illustrate the topic from different perspectives: carnivore-livestock conflicts (classical view, human perspective) and wind turbine-induced mortality of bats (wildlife perspective, rarely regarded as a form of HWC). On this basis, we try to develop a framework that enables a global approach, while adequately considering case- and region-specificity. We think that a globally valid and generally approachable dimension can be defined, as long as there is a natural link: in the present case the established monophyly of the orders Carnivora and Chiroptera, i.e., representatives descending from common ancestors, thus sharing common ecological features. This natural relationship among all representatives of a systematic group (specification of the "wildlife" concept) is key for the development of an overarching strategy that can be adjusted to a specific case.}, language = {en} } @article{StarikGoettert2022, author = {Starik, Nicole and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas}, title = {Bats adjust echolocation and social call design as a response to urban environments}, series = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2022.939408}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3140}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Behavioral traits play a major role in the successful adaptation of wildlife to urban conditions. We investigated and compared the acoustic behavior of free ranging bats in rural (Havelland, Brandenburg) and urban (Berlin city center) green areas (n = 6 sites) to assess possible effects of urbanization on bat vocalizations using automated real-time recordings from May to October 2020 and 2021. We show that foraging and social call activity of commonly occurring bat species was lower in urban areas compared to rural areas. We present data on rural-urban variation in acoustic parameters of echolocation and Type D social calls (produced during flight) using the example of the common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus. Calls from urban sites revealed significantly higher end and peak frequencies compared to rural site calls. In addition, urban social calls present a higher degree of complexity as they structurally differed from rural social calls with regard to assemblage and number of call components. Moreover, urban social calls were emitted in a presumably different context than rural calls: antagonistic social calls in urban areas were detected throughout the year and in the acoustic absence of conspecifics and heterospecifics. Our results provide evidence for the ability of P. pipistrellus to modulate temporal and spectral features of echolocation and social calls, as well as patterns of social call production, in order to compensate for constraints imposed by the urban acoustic environment. We suggest that this acoustic behavioral plasticity plays a major role in the degree of adaptation of insectivorous bats to urban habitats.}, language = {en} }