@inproceedings{BerendtPegelBlaskoetal.2020, author = {Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and Pegel, Erik and Blasko, Lubomir and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Bark Characteristics of Scots Pine Logs}, series = {Environmental Sciences Proceedings}, booktitle = {Environmental Sciences Proceedings}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2673-4931}, doi = {10.3390/IECF2020-08020}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2040}, pages = {1}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The wood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) shows...}, language = {en} } @book{SchulzThiemerSachse2021, author = {Schulz, Ulrich and Thiemer-Sachse, Ursula}, title = {La vida del Quetzal en la historia del arte mesoamericano}, volume = {2021}, edition = {1}, publisher = {Hueber Verlag / Editorial Idiomas, S.L. Unipersonal}, address = {Madrid, M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-84-8141-119-5}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2069}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, pages = {137}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Desde hace m{\´a}s de 2 500 a{\~n}os, el Quetzal Mesoamericano est{\´a} presente en el arte y las culturas de Mesoam{\´e}rica. Como s{\´i}mbolo de la vida y la fertilidad, esta ave y su plumaje fueron representados variadamente por los olmecas, los mayas y los aztecas. Hoy en d{\´i}a, el quetzal es una especie bandera de la conservaci{\´o}n internacional y una especie caracter{\´i}stica de los bosques h{\´u}medos de monta{\~n}a de Mesoam{\´e}rica. Desgraciadamente, {\´e}stos est{\´a}n cada vez m{\´a}s amenazados. La historia cultural, la historia natural y la conservaci{\´o}n se entrelazan de manera {\´u}nica en una de las aves m{\´a}s bellas del mundo.}, language = {es} } @article{LeuschnerEilingJonasetal.2021, author = {Leuschner, Fabian and Eiling, Anna and Jonas, Benjamin and Einsporn, Jana and Jandziol, Claudia and Kr{\"u}mmer, Manja and Tossmann, Peter}, title = {Gesundheitsverhalten und psychische Belastung Studierender}, series = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, volume = {16}, journal = {Pr{\"a}vention und Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {1861-6755}, doi = {10.1007/s11553-020-00825-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2130}, pages = {303 -- 309}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Hintergrund Hochschulen engagieren sich zunehmend f{\"u}r die Gesundheit ihrer Studierenden. Voraussetzung f{\"u}r die Planung und Umsetzung bedarfsgerechter Maßnahmen eines studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements an Hochschulen ist die Durchf{\"u}hrung einer Bedarfsanalyse. Ziel der Arbeit Wir beschreiben die Implementation eines Gesundheitsmonitorings f{\"u}r Studierende und stellen ausgew{\"a}hlte Ergebnisse zweier Hochschulen dar. Um einen hochschulspezifischen Handlungsbedarf zu pr{\"u}fen, werden Unterschiede im Gesundheitsverhalten und dem Belastungserleben zwischen den Studierenden der beiden Hochschulen herausgearbeitet. Methoden Gemeinsam mit Fachkr{\"a}ften beteiligter Hochschulen wurde partizipativ ein Fragebogeninstrument zur Erfassung des Gesundheitsverhaltens und der psychischen Belastung entwickelt und eine Online-Befragung der Studierenden an den beteiligten Hochschulen umgesetzt. Zentrale Ergebnisse zweier Hochschulen werden deskriptiv dargestellt, Unterschiede zwischen den Hochschulen werden mit Konfidenzintervallen gepr{\"u}ft. Ergebnisse Daten von 856 Studierenden aus zwei Hochschulen wurden ausgewertet. Es zeigen sich signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Hochschulen hinsichtlich des Ern{\"a}hrungsverhaltens, des Tabak- und des Cannabiskonsums der Studierenden. Diskussion Die Ergebnisse des Gesundheitsmonitorings geben Hinweise auf hochschulspezifische Ansatzpunkte f{\"u}r Maßnahmen der Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung und Pr{\"a}vention.}, language = {de} } @techreport{HebertLucasDroganLucasetal.2021, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Hebert, Saskia and Lucas-Drogan, Diana and Lucas, Eike and Schneider, Tatjana and Strauß, Anke}, title = {W{\"u}nschenswerte Wohnzuk{\"u}nfte: Herausforderungen, Chancen und Potentiale zur Erh{\"o}hung der strukturellen Resilienz in Elbe Valley}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2150}, pages = {1 -- 93}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{AschenbrandMichler2021, author = {Aschenbrand, Erik and Michler, Thomas}, title = {Why Do UNESCO Biosphere Reserves Get Less Recognition than National Parks? A Landscape Research Perspective on Protected Area Narratives in Germany}, series = {Sustainability}, journal = {Sustainability}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su132413647}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2166}, pages = {18}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This paper explores how landscape research can contribute to our understanding of why integrated protected area concepts like biosphere reserves get less recognition than national parks. In this regard, we analysed policy documents and online communication of biosphere reserves and national parks, conducted qualitative interviews with conservation professionals and volunteers as well as participant observation in order to identify and compare narratives that guide the communication and perception of both protected area categories. The results show how national parks offer a clear interpretation of space by building on landscape stereotypes and creating landscape legibility and experience-ability through touristification. National Parks also experience conflicts about proper management and combine a variety of goals, often including regional development. Nevertheless, their narrative is unambiguous and powerful. Biosphere reserves, on the other hand, have an image problem that is essentially due to the difficulty of communicating their objectives. They confront the difficult task of creating a vision that combines development and conservation while integrating contrarious landscape stereotypes. We argue for a fundamental engagement with protected area narratives, as this improves understanding of protected areas' transformative potential.}, language = {en} } @article{RederMundAlbertetal.2021, author = {Reder, Stefan and Mund, Jan-Peter and Albert, Nicole and Waßermann, Lilli and Miranda, Luis}, title = {Detection of Windthrown Tree Stems on UAV-Orthomosaics Using U-Net Convolutional Networks}, series = {Remote Sensing}, volume = {14}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs14010075}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2213}, pages = {25}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The increasing number of severe storm events is threatening European forests. Besides the primary damages directly caused by storms, there are secondary damages such as bark beetle outbreaks and tertiary damages due to negative effects on the market. These subsequent damages can be minimized if a detailed overview of the affected area and the amount of damaged wood can be obtained quickly and included in the planning of clearance measures. The present work utilizes UAV-orthophotos and an adaptation of the U-Net architecture for the semantic segmentation and localization of windthrown stems. The network was pre-trained with generic datasets, randomly combining stems and background samples in a copy-paste augmentation, and afterwards trained with a specific dataset of a particular windthrow. The models pre-trained with generic datasets containing 10, 50 and 100 augmentations per annotated windthrown stems achieved F1-scores of 73.9\% (S1Mod10), 74.3\% (S1Mod50) and 75.6\% (S1Mod100), outperforming the baseline model (F1-score 72.6\%), which was not pre-trained. These results emphasize the applicability of the method to correctly identify windthrown trees and suggest the collection of training samples from other tree species and windthrow areas to improve the ability to generalize. Further enhancements of the network architecture are considered to improve the classification performance and to minimize the calculative costs.}, language = {en} } @techreport{GoettertKoenigNoeltingetal.2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and N{\"o}lting, Benjamin and Roose, Ilka}, title = {Konzeptpapier: Perspektiven auf Nachhaltigkeitstransformation und -transfer an der HNEE}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-224}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2240}, pages = {24}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Das Forschungszentrum [Nachhaltigkeit - Transformation - Transfer] ist eine wissenschaftliche Einrichtung der Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), gef{\"o}rdert vom Ministerium f{\"u}r Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur (MWFK) des Landes Brandenburg. In diesem Diskussionspapier werden die Forschungsans{\"a}tze des Forschungszentrums dargelegt. Der Fokus richtet sich auf die Konzepte Nachhaltigkeit, Transformation und Transfer, die f{\"u}r seine Arbeit zentral sind. Mit diesem Diskussionspapier m{\"o}chte das Forschungszentrum sein Ausgangsverst{\"a}ndnis und seine Arbeitsweise transparent machen und sich als Kooperationspartner f{\"u}r Wissenschaft und Praxis positionieren.}, language = {de} } @article{Spies2021, author = {Spies, Michael}, title = {Promises and perils of the China-Pakistan economic corridor: agriculture and export prospects in northern Pakistan}, series = {Eurasian Geography and Economics}, journal = {Eurasian Geography and Economics}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, issn = {1938-2863}, doi = {10.1080/15387216.2021.2016456}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2259}, pages = {28}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a mega-project of primarily infrastructure-related loans and investments in Pakistan. Recently, the official discourse has increasingly shifted to the agricultural sector. For the region of Gilgit-Baltistan bordering China, academic and policy debates highlight the potential boost of fruit exports to China as the most promising opportunity to be leveraged through the CPEC. This paper scrutinizes these promises from a locally grounded perspective, investigating potential benefits and risks for local farmers. To make sense of the complex interplay between external and local actors, interests, markets and (infra)structures, the paper follows an assemblage-inspired approach to map out local trajectories. Contrary to the CPEC narrative, agricultural exports from Gilgit-Baltistan recently came to a halt, due to increasing trade barriers and seemingly competing agricultural developments in neighboring Xinjiang, China. Moreover, the economically most promising local crop for export to China, namely cherries, does not seem too promising for the majority of small farmers. There are other commodities with export potential, but overall, prospects appear to be limited. There is a need for a deeper engagement with the inherent complexities of CPEC trajectories, particularly in regards to local farming contexts in Pakistan and relevant developments in China.}, language = {en} } @article{SpiesSchickKaromatovetal.2021, author = {Spies, Michael and Schick, Axel and Karomatov, Sharofiddin and Bakokhoja, Bobozoda and Zikriyokhon, Khaidarov and Jobirov, Shonazar and Bloch, Ralf and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Adapting a Participatory and Ecosystem-Based Assessment Impacted by the Pandemic: Lessons Learned With Farmers in Tajikistan}, series = {Frontiers in sustainable Food Systems}, journal = {Frontiers in sustainable Food Systems}, number = {5}, publisher = {Frontiers}, issn = {2571-581X}, doi = {10.3389/fsufs.2021.750252}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2263}, pages = {15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The paper presents a systemic and participatory assessment approach and scrutinizes how methodological changes necessitated during the Covid-19 pandemic implicated the process and its outcomes. The approach was applied in rural Tajikistan to evaluate changes effected by a development project that promoted the enhancement of biodiversity and ecosystem services in agrarian landscapes. The central building block of the assessment consisted of participatory workshops in 2018 and 2020 with farmers and other stakeholders to develop a systemic knowledge map and to evaluate the promoted strategies based on local expertise. The methodological basis was MARISCO (adaptive MAnagement of vulnerability and RISk at COnservation sites), a holistic and participatory approach to ecosystem-based assessment and management that requires well-trained facilitators. While the activities in 2018 could be implemented as planned, major changes in the work plan were necessary in 2020 due to severe travel restrictions and social distancing rules. Conducting virtual workshops was not possible, as it would have excluded key stakeholders from the process. Instead of conducting a comprehensive assessment workshop guided by two German MARISCO facilitators as originally planned, a series of short and small workshops could be realized. These workshops were facilitated by Tajik scientists after receiving virtual training from their German colleagues. Although it was possible to bring the assessment to a satisfactory conclusion, the methodological changes revealed significant drawbacks. Radical simplifications of the methods were necessary that led to reduced depth of the assessment and missed learning opportunities for participants. Limited experience in workshop guidance by the new facilitators posed challenges to the participatory process and the quality of its outcomes. While the adapted method created training effects that would otherwise have been missed, it also put additional pressure on the capacities of local partners. Our experience during the pandemic offers valuable lessons learned for future applications of systemic-participatory approaches. Whereas, a complete shift to remote applications is problematic, there is a need to put greater emphasis on capacitating local partners. Methodological trade-offs are necessary for partially remote working processes, but principles of participation and systemic thinking should not be compromised.}, language = {en} } @article{Spies2020, author = {Spies, Michael}, title = {Commercialization versus De-intensification? Markets, Livelihoods, and Agricultural Change in Northern Pakistan}, series = {Asien: the German journal on contemporary Asia}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Asien: the German journal on contemporary Asia}, number = {156/157}, publisher = {Deutsche Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Asienkunde}, issn = {0721-5231}, doi = {10.11588/asien.2020.156/157.15352}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2277}, pages = {79 -- 101}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Based on a case study in northern Pakistan, this paper investigates the complex processes of change that have reshaped local farming systems there in recent decades. In Pakistan, agricultural policies emphasize intensification and productivity growth as overarching, nationwide goals. In an empirical investigation of changing farming practices in the mountain district of Nagar, guided by an assemblage-theory perspective on agricultural change, the paper questions this lopsided view. The case study reveals a significant shift from subsistence- to market-oriented crop production in recent decades, but also an emerging tendency among farmers to invest less time and effort in sophisticated and productivity-enhancing practices — in other words, a certain de-intensification of the latter. These processes may seem contradictory, but make sense for local households who adapt their farming strategies to a changing social, political, and economic context. Following political reforms and major road improvements, new livelihood opportunities, lifestyles, and ideals have emerged in the community and contributed to a significant shift away from farming aspirations, despite a general process of agricultural commercialization. The paper concludes that processes of agricultural development cannot be adequately addressed by the narrowly defined productivity goals of related policies in Pakistan, as for smallholder farmers the maximization of production is not necessarily a priority. Instead, more holistic approaches are needed that focus on safeguarding the agricultural resource base while also supporting the aspiration of local farming households to diversify their livelihoods.}, language = {en} } @article{AlffSpies2020, author = {Alff, Henryk and Spies, Michael}, title = {Pfadabh{\"a}ngigkeiten in der Bio{\"o}konomie {\"u}berwinden? Landwirtschaftliche Intensivierungsprozesse aus sozial-{\"o}kologischer Perspektive}, series = {Peripherie: Politik, {\"O}konomie, Kultur}, volume = {40}, journal = {Peripherie: Politik, {\"O}konomie, Kultur}, number = {159/160}, publisher = {Verlag Barbara Budrich}, doi = {10.3224/peripherie.v40i3-4.06}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2280}, pages = {334 -- 359}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Der Wandel zu einer „bio-basierten" Wirtschaft, wie er in nationalen und internationalen Bio{\"o}konomie-Strategien propagiert wird, kann nur mit tiefgreifenden Ver{\"a}nderungen landwirtschaftlicher Systeme zur Steigerung der Agrarproduktion einhergehen. Besonders in L{\"a}ndern des Globalen S{\"u}dens gingen solche Prozesse jedoch meist mit unbeabsichtigten - oder in Kauf genommenen - negativen Konsequenzen wie Umweltdegradation oder die Versch{\"a}rfung gesellschaftlicher Ungleichheiten einher. Dennoch finden die Kenntnisse {\"u}ber die Risiken bisheriger landwirtschaftlicher Interventionen kaum in politischen Bio{\"o}konomie-Strategien Ber{\"u}cksichtigung, die auf wirtschaftlich-technische L{\"o}sungen einer „nachhaltigen" Intensivierung durch agrartechnologische Innovationen auf der einen, und eine Ausweitung von Produktionsfl{\"a}chen auf der anderen Seite setzen. Wie diese Produktionssteigerungen {\"o}kologisch und sozial nachhaltig gestaltet werden sollen, bleibt unklar, und bisherige Erfahrungen mit derartigen Interventionen lassen eher das Gegenteil bef{\"u}rchten. Anhand von zwei historischen Beispielen - der Gr{\"u}nen Revolution im Punjab Pakistans und der Neulandkampagne in Kasachstan - skizziert der Beitrag die vielschichtigen sozialen und {\"o}kologischen Folgen bisheriger, großangelegter landwirtschaftlicher Interventionen zur Produktionssteigerung und geht der Frage nach, inwiefern diese Erfahrungen (besser) in Bio{\"o}konomie-Strategien Ber{\"u}cksichtigung finden (k{\"o}nnen). Kritische Reflektion sollte dabei vor allem die Rolle institutioneller Pfadabh{\"a}ngigkeiten in der Gestaltung aktueller und zuk{\"u}nftiger Entwicklungen erfahren. Wie bisherige Erfahrungen im Landwirtschaftssektor deutlich machen, m{\"u}ssen Bio{\"o}konomie-Strategien ihren geforderten systemischen Ansatz ernst nehmen - was impliziert, dass technologie- und produktivit{\"a}tsorientierte Ziele stets sozialen und {\"o}kologischen Zielen untergeordnet werden m{\"u}ssen.}, language = {de} } @article{VoigtSpies2020, author = {Voigt, Katja and Spies, Michael}, title = {Female Education and Social Change: Changing Perceptions of Women's Roles in Society in the High Mountains of Northern Pakistan}, series = {Mountain Research and Development}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Mountain Research and Development}, number = {40(4)}, publisher = {International Mountain Society}, address = {Switzerland}, issn = {0276-4741}, doi = {10.1659/MRD-JOURNAL-D-20-00028.1}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2294}, pages = {8}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This article investigates the emergence of female education and its social impacts in a remote and male-dominated mountain community through a case study of Nagar District in northern Pakistan. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 24 women from different educational backgrounds and 15 selected male informants, the study reveals a notable increase in educational opportunities for girls and young women within a relatively short time span, and shows how these changes have affected local perceptions of women's social roles. While there are mixed opinions about the usefulness of education for girls—some find that educated women are better housewives and mothers, while others highlight career opportunities for women—female education has clearly contributed to an increase in self-determination of women. Young women now marry later and have fewer children, parents give their daughters more freedom, and education has contributed to an increase in female mobility and to a more confident and visible role of women in community life. While other aspects of social change also play critical roles, this study shows that female education is one important element in the development of a more equitable society in mountains and elsewhere.}, language = {en} } @article{WergGrothmannSpiesetal.2020, author = {Werg, Jana Lorena and Grothmann, Torsten and Spies, Michael and Mieg, Harald A.}, title = {Factors for Self-Protective Behavior against Extreme Weather Events in the Philippines}, series = {Sustainabilty}, journal = {Sustainabilty}, number = {12(15)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su12156010}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2306}, pages = {24}, year = {2020}, abstract = {We report the results on factors for self-protective behavior against weather extremes such as extreme heat events, drought, and heavy precipitation. Our research draws on the Model of Private Proactive Adaptation to Climate Change (MPPACC). We developed a survey instrument incorporating the main aspects of the MPPACC and other factors from related research work that are assumed to explain why some people show self-protective behavior while others do not. The interview survey was conducted with a non-random sample of 210 respondents from three Philippine cities, namely Baguio, Dagupan, and Tuguegarao. The results reveal the importance of adaptation appraisal, including the perceived feasibility of self-protective measures, the perceived adaptation knowledge, and, with limitations, the perception of actions taken by neighbors or friends. We also show that perceptions of past weather trends are closely linked to risk perception but are only partly corroborated by weather station data. Implications for fostering self-protective behavior are making use of time windows right after an extreme weather event and focusing on enhancing adaptation appraisal.}, language = {en} } @article{SpiesAlff2020, author = {Spies, Michael and Alff, Henryk}, title = {Assemblages and complex adaptive systems: A conceptual crossroads for integrative research?}, series = {Geography Compass}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Geography Compass}, number = {14}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1749-8198}, doi = {10.1111/gec3.12534}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2319}, pages = {13}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In human geography and beyond, assemblage thinking has increasingly gained attention as a perspective from which to investigate the emergence and dynamics of more-than-human entanglements. Similarly, in the interdisciplinary field of social-ecological systems analysis, theories of complex adaptive systems have been employed to investigate how social and ecological dynamics and actors interact with each other on different scales. Nonetheless, despite the success of these conceptual perspectives in their respective research fields, there have been few attempts so far to bring these theoretical strands together to explore their common ground and investigate how they could cross-fertilize each other. This contribution seeks to address this gap, by investigating the ontological compatibility of these two approaches and exploring the potential for meaningful syntheses that could be utilized for integrative research—combining perspectives, approaches, and methods taken from social and environmental sciences for the analysis of human-environmental relations. Based on a comparative discussion of four selected "guiding principles" found in assemblage thinking and complex adaptive systems, namely, socio-nature, emergence/historicity, relationality, and self-organization, we find not only significant common ground between the two perspectives but also discrepancies that may be utilized for cross-fertilization. In particular, we argue complex adaptive systems would benefit from a deeper engagement with society-nature theorizations found in the assemblage literature, while assemblage thinking could borrow from complex adaptive systems to broaden its conception of how elements relate to and co-function with each other.}, language = {en} } @article{RuppertWelpSpiesetal.2020, author = {Ruppert, Daniel and Welp, Martin and Spies, Michael and Thevs, Niels}, title = {Farmers' Perceptions of Tree Shelterbelts on Agricultural Land in Rural Kyrgyzstan}, series = {Sustainabilty}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Sustainabilty}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su12031093}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2323}, pages = {18}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The reestablishment of agroforestry systems in Central Asia, combining crop production with protective tree shelterbelts, provides significant potential to improve farming systems. This includes increasing crop yields, additional income from timber, as well as reducing soil degradation and wind erosion. Thus, adopting shelterbelts as a form of pro-environmental behavior provides a number of socio-economic benefits, although some trade-offs need to be considered as well. This paper investigates factors that shape the perception of—and attitude towards—the establishment of tree shelterbelts by farmers in two case study regions in Kyrgyzstan. Applying a conceptual framework distinguishing between extrinsic and intrinsic factors, research methods included semi-structured interviews with farmers and local policy makers. The results show spatial differences in the perception of shelterbelts, both on the regional and on the village scale. In general, shelterbelts were negatively perceived by more than half of the farmers. The main concern raised by farmers was the shading of crops by shelterbelts, resulting in a decrease of yield. In addition, small field sizes and potential conflicts with neighbors were key concerns. Furthermore, rules set by local self-government bodies were inconsistent with the legislative framework, posing significant restrictions to the adoption of sustainable land use practices.}, language = {en} } @article{SanneAhnErcanPfriem2020, author = {Sanne, Moritz and Ahn-Ercan, Gudrun and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {A Mathematical Solution for Calculating the Springback of Laminated Beech Stacks Molded within the Elastic Range}, series = {Forests}, journal = {Forests}, number = {11 (7)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f11070725}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2335}, pages = {12}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The springback effect in molded wood laminations within the elastic range has, to date, not yet been mathematically described. Once cured, residual internal stresses within the laminations cause the final form to deviate from that of the die. Test pieces of beech laminations of 1 mm, 2 mm and 4 mm thicknesses and stack sizes of between 2 and 16 laminations were used. The elasticity value of each stack was obtained using non-glued laminations in a three-point bending test within the elastic region. The laminations were glued with polyurethane resin and mounted in a radius form die. The stress induced by the die onto the stack is within the elastic region of the material without any prior chemical or physical plasticisation of the wood. After curing was complete and the laminations removed from the die, the actual radius was calculated using a circular equation within the CAD program, using three measurement points taken from the stack. The radius of the die within the limits of this study has a negligible effect when predicting the springback of the stack. The exponential correlation between springback and the number of laminations, was used to calculate the springback effect on molded laminated stacks.}, language = {en} } @article{BeierKieferKnopf2020, author = {Beier, Grischa and Kiefer, Julian and Knopf, Jutta}, title = {Potentials of big data for corporate environmental management: A case study from the German automotive industry}, series = {Journal of Industrial Ecology}, volume = {26}, journal = {Journal of Industrial Ecology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1530-9290}, doi = {10.1111/jiec.13062}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2340}, pages = {336 -- 349}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Integrating more sustainability into business processes is becoming increasingly important for companies. At the same time, they aim to collect and analyze large amounts of data (big data) to improve these processes. The potentials of big data for corporate environmental protection are hardly dealt with in the scientific literature. The main contribution of this paper is to identify potential big data use cases for corporate environmental management by using the example of the German automotive industry. For this purpose, expert interviews were conducted with corporate environmental managers which were evaluated by using a qualitative content analysis. In order to balance this environmental perspective and enhance it with data analytical expertise, these use cases were assessed by data analytics experts through a mixed method approach, in a subsequent process. The presentation of the identified five use cases and their critical reflection through data analytics experts are the key results of this paper.}, language = {en} } @article{LoebijinskiRugPasternak2020, author = {Loebijinski, Maria and Rug, Wolfgang and Pasternak, Hartmut}, title = {The Influence of Improved Strength Grading In Situ on Modelling Timber Strength Properties}, series = {Buildings}, volume = {10}, journal = {Buildings}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2075-5309}, doi = {10.3390/buildings10020030}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2357}, pages = {15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The management and preservation of structures in our built environment are central and challenging tasks for practicing engineers. Within the CEN member states (European Committee for Standardization), the so-called Eurocodes form the basis of the design and verification of the load-bearing capacity of structures. Current Eurocodes do not contain special recommendations for existing structures, meaning that the principles for new structures are applied. This can lead to an incorrect estimation of the load-bearing capacity within the semi-probabilistic safety concept. A central task within the investigation and evaluation of existing structures is the strength grading of the material in situ using non-/semi-destructive technical devices. Studies show the potential of the ultrasonic time-of-flight measurement in combination with visual evaluation for an improved grading. The information on the material from an improved grading technique can be used to update the material parameters as a target variable using a measured reference variable. In this contribution, test data from a partner project (spruce, pine, and oak) are analyzed, applying the stochastic grading model of P{\"o}hlmann and Rackwitz. It can be shown that different grading techniques influence the updated distribution function of the material strength within the grade. The results depend on the timber species. Perspectives to develop updated models dependent on the knowledge available are shown and discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{ZouDingWelpetal.2020, author = {Zou, Jie and Ding, Jianli and Welp, Martin and Huang, Shuai and Liu, Bohua}, title = {Assessing the Response of Ecosystem Water Use Efficiency to Drought During and after Drought Events across Central Asia}, series = {Sensors}, volume = {20}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, doi = {10.3390/s20030581}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2361}, pages = {17}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The frequency and intensity of drought are expected to increase worldwide in the future. However, it is still unclear how ecosystems respond to drought. Ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) is an essential ecological index used to measure the global carbon-water cycles, and is defined as the carbon absorbed per unit of water lost by the ecosystem. In this study, we applied gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET), land surface temperature (LST), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data to calculate the WUE and drought index (temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI)), all of which were retrieved from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. We compared the mean WUE across different vegetation types, drought classifications, and countries. The temporal and spatial changes in WUE and drought were analyzed. The correlation between drought and WUE was calculated and compared across different vegetation types, and the differences in WUE between drought and post-drought periods were compared. The results showed that (1) ecosystems with a low (high) productivity had a high (low) WUE, and the mean ecosystem WUE of Central Asia showed vast differences across various drought levels, countries, and vegetation types. (2) The WUE in Central Asia exhibited an increasing trend from 2000 to 2014, and Central Asia experienced both drought (from 2000 to 2010) and post-drought (from 2011 to 2014) periods. (3) The WUE showed a negative correlation with drought during the drought period, and an obvious drought legacy effect was found, in which severe drought affected the ecosystem WUE over the following two years, while a positive correlation between WUE and drought was found in the post-drought period. (4) A significant increase in ecosystem WUE was found after drought, which revealed that arid ecosystems exhibit high resilience to drought stress. Our results can provide a specific reference for understanding how ecosystems will respond to climate change.}, language = {en} } @article{BobrowskiGillichStolter2020, author = {Bobrowski, Maria and Gillich, Benjamin and Stolter, Caroline}, title = {Nothing else matters? Food as a driving factor of habitat use by red and roe deer in winter?}, series = {Wildlife Biology}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Wildlife Biology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Wiley}, doi = {10.2981/wlb.00723}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2373}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Habitat use by cervids can have large effects on vegetation. Therefore, factors influencing habitat use are pertinent to ecology, nature conservation as well as management of forests and hunting. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing habitat use by red and roe deer, Cervus elaphus and Capreolus capreolus, in the L{\"u}neburger Heide, Germany. We used faecal pellet counts as an indicator of habitat use and applied generalized linear models to conclude that habitat use by both cervids was largely explained by the availability of food plants. In particular, the occurrence of bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus and deciduous trees such as beeches Fagus sylvatica were of major importance. Nonetheless, red and roe deer showed preferences for different plant species, but for both deer, the presence of large trees and conifers, with exception of young Norway spruce Picea abies providing shelter for roe deer, was less attractive. Furthermore, the proximity of mineral licks was important for both cervids. Relative to roe deer, red deer showed a stronger avoidance of well-used paths. Surprisingly, landscape features such as distance to settlements and elevated hunting standshad no significant effect. Our study demonstrates similarities and differences in habitat use of two important herbivores of the Northern temperate forests. We propose that managers establish 'decoy' sites for deer: areas with a high proportion of ground vegetation and young trees of lower forestry value. This will serve to divert deer from valuable trees and thereby enhance biodiversity. These open stands could be interspersed with dense islands of young coniferous trees to offer shelter and should be distant to frequently used pathways. Mineral licks may help enhance use of these sites. Providing an attractive resource for both species of cervids is the best way to manage large herbivores in economically valuable forests.}, language = {en} } @article{ShiHalikAblizetal.2020, author = {Shi, Lei and Halik, {\"U}m{\"u}t and Abliz, Abdulla and Mamat, Zulpiya and Welp, Martin}, title = {Urban Green Space Accessibility and Distribution Equity in an Arid Oasis City: Urumqi, China}, series = {Forests}, volume = {11}, journal = {Forests}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f11060690}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2385}, pages = {17}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Urban green space (UGS) is crucial to the healthy development of urban residents. However, UGS that is accessible can benefit residents to an even greater degree. Based on the two-step floating catchment area model (2SFCA) and the location quotient (LQ), we analyzed the changes from 1999 to 2019 in UGS walking accessibility and equity in built-up areas of Urumqi at different administrative levels, and how UGS policy affects the improvement of accessibility. The results showed that UGS accessibility and equity are not evenly distributed at different administrative levels and UGS categories. Although the overall UGS accessibility and equity has improved with policy implementation, these changes are caused by metro-level UGS construction in urban fringe areas. The improvement in UGS accessibility at the neighborhood level in densely populated areas is neglected, which leads to a mismatch between UGS construction and population distribution. In addition, the accessibility of UGS is also limited by geographical location, population density, road distribution, and water shortage in arid metropolitan Urumqi. Our research results provide a theoretical basis for Urumqi and other cities in the optimization of UGS structure and the realization of social equity.}, language = {en} } @article{NoeltingMolitorReimannetal.2020, author = {N{\"o}lting, Benjamin and Molitor, Heike and Reimann, Julian and Skroblin, Jan-Hendrick and Dembski, Nadine}, title = {Transfer for Sustainable Development at Higher Education Institutions — Untapped Potential for Education for Sustainable Development and for Societal Transformation}, series = {Sustainabilty}, volume = {12}, journal = {Sustainabilty}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su12072925}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2395}, pages = {21}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly confronted with societal needs beyond research and teaching. These include sustainable development and technology transfer as well as the practical application of knowledge and ideas. Several HEIs already put sustainable development and transfer into practice. These practitioner-university partnerships comprise a broad range of actors, disciplines, topics, and formats. However, transfer activities that contribute to sustainable development in society still make up only a very small part of HEIs' activities. In response to calls from society as a whole, HEIs could combine transfer and sustainable development more systematically. In this article, we suggest a concept of transfer for sustainable development. The focus is on sustainability transfer in teaching. We used mixed methods for this conceptual work: exploratory workshops, expert interviews, and a case study of transfer in teaching. One of the results presented in this article is a working definition of sustainability transfer at HEIs. In addition, six characteristics for describing sustainability transfer in its various forms are formulated. This conceptualization makes it possible to analyze the diversity of HEIs' sustainability transfer activities, it helps to identify and encourage potential transfer actors at HEIs as well as practitioners, and, thus, tap the full potential of sustainability transfer.}, language = {en} } @article{StoldtGoettertMannetal.2020, author = {Stoldt, Mirja and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Mann, Carsten and Zeller, Ulrich}, title = {Transfrontier Conservation Areas and Human-Wildlife Conflict: The Case of the Namibian Component of the Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) TFCA}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {10}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Nature}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-020-64537-9}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2407}, pages = {16}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Our study deals with human-wildlife conflicts in the Namibian component of the Kavango-Zambezi Transfrontier Conservation Area (KAZA TFCA). The study reconstructs the historical occurrence of selected mammal species and adopts a socio-ecological approach to assess the impact of human dimensions in the KAZA TFCA. Our results reveal pronounced human-wildlife conflicts with considerable impacts on the livelihoods of communities. Human-wildlife conflict has the potential to become a significant contributor to the failure of the TFCA concept. Conflicts are influenced by a growing human population and large mammal species re-colonising formerly abandoned areas. Mapping the occurrence of selected mammal species over time reveals an interesting picture: although conservation initiatives have led to an increase in the population size of selected species, their occurrence is more restricted than in times of heavily decimated wildlife populations. The increasing restriction of wildlife to protected areas reduces the resilience of the ecosystem. To sustainably manage and conserve wildlife populations, a bigger picture including areas outside of the current borders of KAZA TFCA should be considered. This could support re-connecting ecologically important areas for congested populations to move to and reduces the concentration of wildlife and pressure on the land and people of the region.}, language = {en} } @article{BlumroederHoffmannIlinaetal.2020, author = {Blumr{\"o}der, Jeanette Silvin and Hoffmann, Monika T. and Ilina, Olga and Winter, Susanne and Hobson, Peter R. and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Clearcuts and related secondary dieback undermine the ecological effectiveness of FSC certification in a boreal forest}, series = {Ecological Process}, journal = {Ecological Process}, number = {9}, publisher = {SpringerOpen}, issn = {2192-1709}, doi = {10.1186/s13717-020-0214-4}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2414}, pages = {9}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: Over the last 25 years, the prominent forest certification system established by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) has used by many companies worldwide for claiming responsible forest management. The objectives of the Russian National FSC standard to decrease the size of clearcuts and the retention of forest elements such as residual seed trees need on-site validation to proof the effectiveness of FSC. To assess the ecological impacts of harvesting practices and benefits of FSC certification, we geospatially compared logging activities with and without FSC certification. Within a sample area covering approximately 3,000 km 2 in the east of the Russian Arkhangelsk Region, we used available data on tree cover loss and satellite images to assess secondary impacts of clearcuttings on adjacent remnant forests and to quantify the logging intensity. Additionally, the size and structure as well as the density of skidding trails of ten specific clearcuttings located within the sample area were surveyed using satellite images and in the field observation to delineate the boundaries of clearcuts and forested remnants within the clearcuts. Results: We found a significant increase of small-scale tree cover loss in the proximity of the clearcuts. Patchy dieback is possibly linked to the scale and intensity of logging in the surroundings. On the investigated clearcuts, FSC failed to reduce the size, to increase the retention of forest remnants including seed trees on logged areas, and to maintain larger tracts of undisturbed ground and soil compared to clearcuts that were logged before they received FSC-certification. Conclusions: Trees and forest remnants remaining inside an increasingly stressed forest ecosystem matrix may not resist further harvesting-related and climate change-induced stresses and disturbances. Large-scale clearcuttings seem to have negative impacts even in adjacent forests and undermine the ecological effectiveness of FSC certification in the study area. The Russian FSC standard is not clearly setting effective guidelines that induce a change in clearcutting practices in order to reduce ecological risks.}, language = {en} } @article{KrahReimannMolitor2021, author = {Krah, Jennifer and Reimann, Julian and Molitor, Heike}, title = {Sustainability in Brandenburg Study Programs. Perspectives for Anchoring Sustainability in Higher Education Curricula}, series = {Sustainabilty}, volume = {13}, journal = {Sustainabilty}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su13073958}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2438}, pages = {32}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The study investigates the extent to which sustainability is anchored in university curricula of a federal state (Brandenburg, Germany). (1) It provides a baseline for identifying opportunities for sustainability-related curriculum reform by analyzing study programs, levels and type of degree, level of anchoring, and context within the documents. (2) The case studies included an analysis and quantitative evaluation of 748 curricular documents. (3) A third of the study programs refer to sustainability; to an equal extent in both bachelor's and master's programs, and to an above-average extent in the fields of science and engineering. There is a strong commitment to sustainability in 12\% of the curricula; however, it is strongly anchored in only 3\% of study and examination regulations, and in only 9\% of module descriptions. (4) For the first time, we have comprehensive results on sustainability in university curricula of an entire federal state and can discuss potentials for its further integration. The innovative method was developed out of the National Monitoring on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) and adapted to the federal state level; the analysis of curricula through a wider set of variables is transferrable to other states. (5) The study provides indications for the regional development of universities which is crucial for future regional sustainability transformation.}, language = {en} } @article{DemeleNoeltingCrewettetal.2021, author = {Demele, Uwe and N{\"o}lting, Benjamin and Crewett, Wibke and Georgiev, Georgi}, title = {Sustainability Transfer as a Concept for Universities in Regional Transformation—A Case Study}, series = {Sustainabilty}, volume = {13}, journal = {Sustainabilty}, number = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su13094956}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2456}, pages = {25}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The research object of this study is the in-depth discourse on the sustainability transfer activities of higher education institutions (HEIs) and their contribution to a regional sustainable transformation. For this purpose, a heuristically-derived concept of sustainability transfer is empirically tested with a mixed-methods approach based on the example of Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNEE). The empirical findings demonstrate that the realization of sustainability transfer depends mainly on the personal initiative of teachers and researchers. Major barriers are a lack of time and financial resources. The observed concept of sustainability transfer is applicable to all study and research areas of HNEE. Involvement in sustainability transfer can include the whole of society, from politics, enterprises, and civil society to education and research institutions. Overall, the empirical testing of the concept offered by this study illustrates its practical suitability to capturing specifically those sustainability transfer activities that are not tapped by third mission approaches. This opens up a novel dimension for transfer potential at universities and their role in regional sustainability transformation. It also highlights that the interdependencies between HEIs and practitioners need to be more contextualized with quality criteria such as the value of the transfer performance or level of ambition.}, language = {en} } @article{MehtaEhrenwirthMissalletal.2021, author = {Mehta, Kedar and Ehrenwirth, Mathias and Missall, Siegmund and Degembaeva, Nadira and Akmatov, Kuban and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried}, title = {Energy Profiling of a High-Altitude Kyrgyz Community: Challenges and Motivations to Preserve Floodplain Ecosystems Based on Household Survey}, series = {Sustainabilty}, volume = {13}, journal = {Sustainabilty}, number = {23}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su132313086}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2468}, pages = {23}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The floodplain areas along the Naryn River in Kyrgyzstan are essential as they hold the riparian (local) ecosystems because they provide firewood, pastureland, and areas for recreation and protection against erosion. Due to limited access to adequate, reliable, and sustainable energy services, the rural population usually derived their energy needs from multiple natural energy resources (i.e., firewood, charcoal, agricultural residues, animal dung, and wood branches). This is considered a common and predominant practice in rural Kyrgyzstan. This situation leads to a negative impact on local ecosystem services. In addition to that, the reliance on solid fuels contributes to indoor and outdoor air pollution, which is partially threatening the local ecosystem services. By contrast, the employment of renewable-based energy supply systems would substantially reduce the burden on the environment, which is mainly untapped. To integrate renewable energies, it is important to understand the energy behavior of floodplain communities. In that response, the presented article is the first attempt to capture the energy identity of the floodplain community of Kyrgyzstan based on a quantitative energy-based (on-site) household survey. Furthermore, the present research article synthesizes the driving factors that have a (direct or indirect) impact on the energy and local ecosystem services. In addition, the present article proposes a brief pathway for the sustainable energy transition. The article records the recommendation to integrate renewable energies to preserve the local ecosystems of Kyrgyzstan.}, language = {en} } @article{ZicheRiekRussetal.2021, author = {Ziche, Daniel and Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander and Hentschel, Rainer and Martin, Jan}, title = {Water Budgets of Managed Forests in Northeast Germany under Climate Change - Results from a Model Study on Forest Monitoring Sites}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app11052403}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2470}, pages = {18}, year = {2021}, abstract = {To develop measures to reduce the vulnerability of forests to drought, it is necessary to estimate specific water balances in sites and to estimate their development with climate change scenarios. We quantified the water balance of seven forest monitoring sites in northeast Germany for the historical time period 1961-2019, and for climate change projections for the time period 2010-2100. We used the LWF-BROOK90 hydrological model forced with historical data, and bias-adjusted data from two models of the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) downscaled with regional climate models under the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5. Site-specific monitoring data were used to give a realistic model input and to calibrate and validate the model. The results revealed significant trends (evapotranspiration, dry days (actual/potential transpiration < 0.7)) toward drier conditions within the historical time period and demonstrate the extreme conditions of 2018 and 2019. Under RCP8.5, both models simulate an increase in evapotranspiration and dry days. The response of precipitation to climate change is ambiguous, with increasing precipitation with one model. Under RCP2.6, both models do not reveal an increase in drought in 2071-2100 compared to 1990-2019. The current temperature increase fits RCP8.5 simulations, suggesting that this scenario is more realistic than RCP2.6}, language = {en} } @article{BraunBitschHaering2021, author = {Braun, Charis Linda and Bitsch, Vera and H{\"a}ring, Anna Maria}, title = {Behind the scenes of a learning agri-food value chain: lessons from action research}, series = {Agriculture and Human Values}, volume = {39}, journal = {Agriculture and Human Values}, publisher = {Springer Science+Business Media B.V.}, issn = {1572-8366}, doi = {10.1007/s10460-021-10229-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2481}, pages = {119 -- 134}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The development of sustainable agri-food systems requires not only new academic knowledge, but also concrete social and organizational change in practice. This article reflects on the action research process that supported and explored the learning process in an emerging agri-food value chain in the Berlin-Brandenburg region in eastern Germany. The action research study involved value chain actors, academic researchers, and process facilitators in a learning network. By framing the network's learning and problem solving processes in concepts of organizational learning, lessons were drawn for researchers and value chain developers. The results underline the importance of process facilitation in a learning value chain to create a social space, in which the actors in the value chain can interact and find a common basis for collaboration. In the learning process, facilitators used an iterative design to consistently align learning activities with the needs of practitioners to ensure practical relevance. To establish new practices and partnerships, value chain actors challenged existing routines and developed new ideas and visions, while at the same time improving established practices within their organizations and along the entire value chain.}, language = {en} } @article{SchusterSpechtRieger2021, author = {Schuster, Rolf K. and Specht, Peter and Rieger, Siegfried}, title = {On the Helminth Fauna of the Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)) in the Barnim District of Brandenburg State/Germany}, series = {Animals}, volume = {11}, journal = {Animals}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-2615}, doi = {10.3390/ani11082444}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2496}, pages = {15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The muskrat is a neozoon species that has occupied many countries of continental North Europe after its introduction from north America as fur animals. Due to its burrowing activity it damages river and canal banks and structures of flood control. For this reason, the eradication of this alien species is recommended. Muskrats are also of parasitological interest since they can act as suitable intermediate hosts for Echinococcus multilocularis. On the other hand, little is known on the other helminths that infect muskrats. A total of 130 muskrats of different age groups trapped in different habitats in the Barnim district of the Brandenburg state by a professional hunter were examined for parasites and seven trematodes (Echinostoma sp., Notocotylus noyeri, Plagiorchis elegans, Plagiorchis arvicolae, Psilosostoma simillimum, P. spiculigerum, Opisthorchis felineus and four larval cestode species (Hydatigera taeniaeformis, Taenia martis, Taenia polyacantha, Taenia crassiceps) were detected. Larval stages of E. multilocularis were not found. O. felineus was found for the first time in muskrats in Germany. All the named parasites were present in Europe prior to the introduction of muskrats. With a prevalence of 48.9\%, Strobilocercus fasciolaris, the larval stage of the cat tapeworm, H. taeniaeformis, was the most frequent parasite found in adult muskrats.}, language = {en} } @article{IbischDichteHamoretal.2021, author = {Ibisch, Pierre L. and Dichte, Angela and Hamor, Fedir D. and Holovko, Andrii and Pokynchereda, Vasyl F. and Ryback, Mykola P. and Shvediuk, Iuliia}, title = {About borders and limits: experiences with UNESCO Biosphere Reserves for transboundary cooperation in Ukraine and neighbouring countries}, series = {eco.mont - Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management}, volume = {13}, journal = {eco.mont - Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management}, publisher = {Verlag der {\"O}sterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften}, issn = {2073-1558}, doi = {10.1553/eco.mont-13-sis136}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2508}, pages = {136 -- 141}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In Eastern Europe, several UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (BRs) have been important promoters of transnational and transboundary nature conservation and sustainable development. Nevertheless, political and institutional barriers and scarcity of resources have hindered successful cross-border cooperation. The prospects for BRs in Eastern Europe are mixed, especially in relation to the challenges of ecosystem degradation and climate change, as well as socioeconomic and (geo)political crises. Based on our own experience of one and a half decades of growing cooperation between partners in Ukraine and Germany, we conclude that transnational cooperation between BRs and science is particularly rewarding and mutually beneficial.}, language = {en} } @article{SchillaciSchmidtMiranda2021, author = {Schillaci, Guido and Schmidt, Uwe and Miranda, Luis}, title = {Prediction Error-Driven Memory Consolidation for Continual Learning: On the Case of Adaptive Greenhouse Models}, series = {KI - K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, volume = {35}, journal = {KI - K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, publisher = {Springer}, issn = {1610-1987}, doi = {10.1007/s13218-020-00700-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2510}, pages = {71 -- 80}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This work presents an adaptive architecture that performs online learning and faces catastrophic forgetting issues by means of an episodic memory system and of prediction-error driven memory consolidation. In line with evidence from brain sciences, memories are retained depending on their congruence with the prior knowledge stored in the system. In this work, congruence is estimated in terms of prediction error resulting from a deep neural model. The proposed AI system is transferred onto an innovative application in the horticulture industry: the learning and transfer of greenhouse models. This work presents models trained on data recorded from research facilities and transferred to a production greenhouse.}, language = {en} } @article{deMiguelDiezTolosanaEstebanPurfuerstetal.2021, author = {de Miguel-D{\´i}ez, Felipe and Tolosana Esteban, Eduardo and Purf{\"u}rst, Thomas and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Analysis of the Influence That Parameters Crookedness and Taper Have on Stack Volume by Using a 3D-Simulation Model of Wood Stacks}, series = {Forests}, volume = {12}, journal = {Forests}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f12020238}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2527}, pages = {10}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The influence that parameters crookedness and taper have on the stack volume was analyzed by using a 3D-simulation model in this study. To do so, log length, diameters at the midpoint and both ends, crookedness, bark thickness, taper and ovality were measured in 1000 logs of Scots pine. From this database, several data sets with different proportions of crooked and tapered logs in stack as well as with different degrees of taper and crookedness were created and taken as basis to simulate the stacks and carry out the analysis. The results show how the variation of these parameters influences the stack volume and provide their volume variation grades. These rates of variation were compared with measurement guidelines of some countries and previous research works. In conclusion, the parameters crookedness and taper influence the stack volume to a considerable extent. Specifically, the stack volume is increased as the crookedness degree or the proportion of crooked logs increases. In contrast, the stack volume is reduced as the taper degree or the proportion of tapered logs increases. Furthermore, the results demonstrate the capability of this simulation model to provide accurate results which can serve as a basis for future studies.}, language = {en} } @article{BussolaFalcoAukesetal.2021, author = {Bussola, Francesca and Falco, Enzo and Aukes, Ewert and Stegmaier, Peter and Sorge, Stefan and Ciolli, Marco and Gagliano, Caterina and Geneletti, Davide}, title = {Piloting a more inclusive governance innovation strategy for forest ecosystem services management in Primiero, Italy}, series = {Ecosystem Services}, volume = {52}, journal = {Ecosystem Services}, publisher = {Elsevier}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2021.101380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2531}, pages = {17}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Forests are increasingly recognized for their role, importance and multifunctionality in terms of provisioning, regulating and cultural ecosystem services they provide. Even if timber production remains the most economically valuable provisioning service in Primiero, the importance of and need for multifunctionality of forests is acknowledged. This article analyses the development of Forest Ecosystem Services (FES) governance innovation strategies by the Provincial Forest Agency as a policy entrepreneur in the area of Primiero, in Trentino, northeast of Italy. Based on detailed case study material, we create the heuristic of Kingdon's three streams model in order to reconstruct the development of and negotiations around the introduction of innovative approaches to the problem, policy and politics levels and to identify the chosen or missed windows of opportunity to deliver innovation in FES management. Findings show that the main issues perceived by the local stakeholders concern loss of biodiversity, of cultural identity and historical landscape values. The policy-entrepreneurial initiatives undertaken by the Forest Agency represent a governance mix of direct project execution, financial incentives, organisational incentives and information-based activities. The results highlight its efforts to move beyond the traditional top-down approach based on widely available public funds and towards coordination and collaborations among stakeholders, contribution of private investments, bureaucracy simplification and interconnection between participatory and institutional processes.}, language = {en} } @article{TakovPilarskaLindeetal.2021, author = {Takov, Danail and Pilarska, Daniela and Linde, Andreas and Barta, Marek}, title = {Infectious and parasitic diseases of phytophagous insect pests in the context of extreme environmental conditions}, series = {Central European Forestry Journal}, volume = {67}, journal = {Central European Forestry Journal}, number = {2}, publisher = {Sciendo}, issn = {2454-0358}, doi = {10.2478/forj-2020-0018}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2541}, pages = {72 -- 84}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The density of phytophagous insect pest populations is related (directly and indirectly) to several groups of factors that can be broadly divided into: abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic. Each extreme in the abiotic environment at a macro-level leads to a series of consecutive extremes in the biotic environment, which eventually results in micro-level responses in the individual organisms. The manifestation of factors acts in aggregate or in a sequence, creating a chain of processes around us. Insects very efficiently use the abundance of nutritional resources, resulting in a tremendous increase in their population density, and triggering control mechanisms through the emergence of parasitic and pathogenic infections (viruses, bacteria, fungi, microsporidia, protozoa and nematodes). The development of entomopathogenic infections in host populations is directly dependent on the characteristics of both the antagonist and the insect. It is associated with the lifestyle and life cycle of the insect, with features encoded in the mechanism of pathogen action, and limited by the pathogen's virulence and pathogenicity.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmelzleBrunsBeckmannetal.2021, author = {Schmelzle, Sebastian and Bruns, Stefan and Beckmann, Felix and Moosmann, Julian and Lautner, Silke}, title = {Using In Situ Synchrotron-Radiation-Based Microtomography to Investigate 3D Structure-Dependent Material Properties of Tension Wood}, series = {Advanced Engineering Materials}, volume = {23}, journal = {Advanced Engineering Materials}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1438-1656}, doi = {10.1002/adem.202100235}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1925}, pages = {1 -- 11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Synchrotron-radiation-based microtomography enables the 3D analysis of biological samples in situ beyond simple visualization, providing accurate measurements and recording of temporal data. The microtomography end station at P05 (PETRA III, Hamburg, Germany), operated by the Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, can accommodate complex sample environments such as a load frame for mechanical testing. Herein, the strain analysis of a volumetric time series dataset of small hardwood samples is presented. For this in situ mechanical testing, the load frame is operated in tensile mode, and the biogenic material samples are subdivided into those specialized for tensile forces and those of regular anatomical structure. Digital volume correlation analysis allows for the prediction of strain development at any position in the sample. The tissue specialized for tensile strength can align dislocations formed under tension such that the deformation is stronger and more ordered. The results show how high-resolution imaging of sequential loading and the subsequent localization of strain can reveal functional morphological relationships. These methods can be extended to other biological materials and may prove to be extremely relevant for the analyses of fibrous and/or layered composite materials.}, language = {en} } @article{SchaeferJagerSchwarzetal.2021, author = {Sch{\"a}fer, Jesco and Jager, Christopher and Schwarz, Ulrich and Winkler, Christoph}, title = {Improving the usability of piezoresistive bond lines in wood by using impedance measurements}, series = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {55}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {0043-7719}, doi = {10.1007/s00226-021-01311-8}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1942}, pages = {937 -- 954}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Various studies on wood adhesives filled with conductive fillers for future application to structural monitoring showed a piezoresistive (resistance change with strain) response of the adhesive bond lines that is measurable under direct current. The results also showed a relatively high signal noise with low sensitivity. Using impedance spectroscopy as a measurement technique, the improvements in frequency-dependent piezoresistivity over DC (Direct Current) resistography of multifunctional bonded wood were studied. Beech specimens were bonded by one-component polyurethane prepolymer (1C-PUR) filled with carbon black and tested under shear load. The quality of the piezoresistive properties was described by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured signal. A setup-specific frequency band with optimized SNR between 100 kHz and 1 MHz could be derived from the measurements. Several frequencies showed a signal with higher quality resulting in a higher SNR. Regardless of the variations in impedance spectra for all specimens, this frequency band provided several frequencies with improved signal quality. These frequencies give a more reliable signal with lower noise compared to the signal from DC resistography.}, language = {en} } @article{WinklerHaaseSchwarzetal.2021, author = {Winkler, Christoph and Haase, Stefan and Schwarz, Ulrich and Jahreis, Markus}, title = {Piezoresistive bond lines for timber construction monitoring—experimental scale-up}, series = {Wood Science and Technology}, volume = {55}, journal = {Wood Science and Technology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {0043-7719}, doi = {10.1007/s00226-021-01305-6}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1959}, pages = {1379 -- 1400}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Several laboratory studies and experiments have demonstrated the usability of polymer films filled with electrically conductive filler as piezoresistive material. Applied to adhesives, the glue lines of wood products can achieve multifunctional—thus bonding and piezoresistive/strain sensing—properties. Based on critical load areas in timber constructions, upscaled test setups for simplified load situations were designed, especially with regard to a stress-free electrical contact. In a second step, another upscaling was done to small glulam beams. Based on an experimental test sequence, the piezoresistive reactions as well as the behaviour until failure were analysed. The results show in all cases that a piezoresistive reaction of the multifunctionally bonded specimens was measurable, giving a difference in the extent of relative change. Additionally, measured phenomena like inverse piezoresistive reactions, electrical resistance drift and the absence of a piezoresistive reaction were discussed, based on additional strain analysis by digital image correlation. A model of macroscopic and microscopic strains influencing the piezoresistive reaction of the electrically conductive bond line in wood was used to explain all experimental results. Finally, a first scale-up of piezoresistive bond lines from laboratory samples to glulam beams was possible and successful.}, language = {en} } @article{GillichMichlerStolteretal.2021, author = {Gillich, Benjamin and Michler, Frank-Uwe and Stolter, Caroline and Rieger, Siegfried}, title = {Differences in social-space-time behaviour of two red deer herds (Cervus elaphus)}, series = {acta ethologica}, volume = {24}, journal = {acta ethologica}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {0873-9749}, doi = {10.1007/s10211-021-00375-w}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1962}, pages = {185 -- 195}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Social-space-time-behaviour has developed very differently (e.g. a, loner, a herd, a pack) in the animal kingdom and depends on many different factors, like food availability, competition, predator avoidance or disturbances. It is known, that red deer are differently distributed in human disturbed areas compared to areas with less anthropogenic influences. But knowledge about the potential influence of human presence on social associations and interactions is rare, albeit differences may result in changing impacts on the environment, such as habitat utilization and feeding damage. Therefore, we investigated differences in the space use and social association of red deer. We studied two radio-collared herds of non-migratory populations in two study areas, which were comparable in landscape structure and vegetation structure, but differed in accessibility for visitors and the extent of their presence. Between the two study sites we compared the home range size, the differences in the extent of home range overlap within each study site and the space-time association (Jacobs Index) of individuals. Additionally, we present data on seasonal variations of home range sizes and social association all year round. In order to compare human activity in the study sites, we used the data from our long-term camera trap monitoring. The herd in the area with more human activity had significantly smaller home ranges and had greater year-round social associations in almost all seasons, except summer. We assume that smaller home ranges and higher association between animals may result in a higher feeding pressure on plants and a patchier utilization in areas with higher disturbances.}, language = {en} } @article{BerendtPegelBlaskoetal.2021, author = {Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and Pegel, Erik and Blasko, Lubomir and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Bark proportion of Scots pine industrial wood}, series = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, volume = {79}, journal = {European Journal of Wood and Wood Products}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {0018-3768}, doi = {10.1007/s00107-021-01657-7}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1975}, pages = {749 -- 752}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Bark characteristics are not only used in the forest-wood supply chain, for example to calculate standing volumes, but also to transform wood volumes and masses. In this study, bark thickness, bark volume and bark mass were analyzed on the basis of 150 Scots pine discs, with a mean diameter of 13 cm. The mean double bark thickness was 3.02 mm, the mean bark volume proportion was 5.6\% and mean bark mass proportion was 3.3\%. Bark proportions were significantly affected by the log-specific variables 'diameter over bark', 'proportion of bark damage' and 'double bark thickness'.}, language = {en} } @article{BerendtdeMiguelDiezWalloretal.2021, author = {Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and de Miguel-Diez, Felipe and Wallor, Evelyn and Blasko, Lubomir and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Comparison of different approaches to estimate bark volume of industrial wood at disc and log scale}, series = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-95188-z}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1987}, pages = {8}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Within the wood supply chain, the measurement of roundwood plays a key role due to its high economic impact. While wood industry mainly processes the solid wood, the bark mostly remains as an industrial by-product. In Central Europe, it is common that the wood is sold over bark but that the price is calculated on a timber volume under bark. However, logs are often measured as stacks and, thus, the volume includes not only the solid wood content but also the bark portion. Mostly, the deduction factors used to estimate the solid wood content are based on bark thickness. The aim of this study was to compare the estimation of bark volume from scaling formulae with the real bark volume, obtained by xylometric technique. Moreover, the measurements were performed using logs under practice conditions and using discs under laboratory conditions. The mean bark volume was 6.9 dm3 and 26.4 cm3 for the Norway spruce logs and the Scots pine discs respectively. Whereas the results showed good performances regarding the root mean square error, the coefficient of determination (R2) and the mean absolute error for the volume estimation of the total volume of discs and logs (over bark), the performances were much lower for the bark volume estimations only.}, language = {en} } @article{BlumroederMayHaerdtleetal.2021, author = {Blumr{\"o}der, Jeanette Silvin and May, Felix and H{\"a}rdtle, Werner and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Forestry contributed to warming of forest ecosystems in northern Germany during the extreme summers of 2018 and 2019}, series = {Ecological Solutions and Evidence}, volume = {2}, journal = {Ecological Solutions and Evidence}, number = {3}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {2688-8319}, doi = {10.1002/2688-8319.12087}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-1992}, pages = {14}, year = {2021}, abstract = {1. Forest management influences a variety of ecosystem structures and processes relevant to meso- and microclimatic regulation, but little research has been done on how forest management can mitigate the negative effects of climate change on forest ecosystems. 2. We studied the temperature regulation capacity during the two Central European extreme summers in 2018 and 2019 in Scots pine plantations and European beech forests with different management-related structural characteristics. 3. We found that the maximum temperature was higher when more trees were cut and canopy was more open. Logging 100 trees per hectare increased maximum temperature by 0.21-0.34 K at ground level and by 0.09-0.17 K in 1.3 m above ground. Opening the forest canopy by 10\% significantly increased Tmax, measured 1.3 m above ground by 0.46 K (including pine and beech stands) and 0.35 K (only pine stands). At ground level, Tmax increased by 0.53 K for the model including pine and beech stands and by 0.41 K in pure pine stands. Relative temperature cooling capacity decreased with increasing wood harvest activities, with below average values in 2018 (and 2019) when more than 656 (and 867) trees per hectare were felled. In the pine forests studied, the relative temperature buffering capacity 1.3 m above ground was lower than average values for all sample plots when canopy cover was below 82\%. In both study years, mean maximum temperature measured at ground level and in 1.3 m was highest in a pine-dominated sample plots with relatively low stand volume (177 m3 ha-1) and 9 K lower in a sample plot with relatively high stock volumes of Fagus sylvatica (>565 m3 ha-1). During the hottest day in 2019, the difference in temperature peaks was more than 13 K for pine-dominated sample plots with relatively dense (72\%) and low (46\%) canopy cover. 4. Structural forest characteristics influenced by forest management significantly affect microclimatic conditions and therefore ecosystem vulnerability to climate change. We advocate keeping the canopy as dense as possible (at least 80\%) by maintaining sufficient overgrowth and by supporting deciduous trees that provide effective shade.}, language = {en} } @article{BerendtWolfgrammCremer2021, author = {Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and Wolfgramm, Felix and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Reliability of photo-optical measurements of log stack gross volume}, series = {Silva Fennica}, volume = {55}, journal = {Silva Fennica}, number = {3}, issn = {2242-4075}, doi = {10.14214/sf.10555}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2003}, pages = {1 -- 13}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In terms of assessing economic impact, one of the most important elements in the wood supply chain is the measurement of round wood. Besides the one-by-one measurement of logs, logs are often measured when stacked at the forest road. The gross stacked volume includes the volume of the wood, bark and airspace and is widely used for industrial wood assortments. The increasing international attention given to photo-optical measurement systems for portable devices is due to their simplicity of use and efficiency. The aim of this study was to compare the gross volumes of hardwood log stacks measured using one widespread photo-optical app with two manual section-wise volume estimations of log stacks based on the German framework agreement for timber trade (RVR). The manual volume estimations were done starting from the left (RVRleft) and right (RVRright) sides of the log stacks. The results showed an average deviation of the photo-optical gross volume estimation in comparison to the manual estimation of -2.09\% (RVRleft) and -3.66\% (RVRright) while the deviation between RVRleft and RVRright was +2.54\%. However, the log stack gross volume had a highly significant effect on the deviation and better accuracy with smaller deviation were reached for larger log stacks. Moreover, results indicated that the gross volume estimations of higher quality log stacks were closer for the three analyzed methods compared to estimations of poor-quality log stacks.}, language = {en} } @techreport{CremerBerendtdeMiguelDiezetal.2020, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Cremer, Tobias and Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and de Miguel Diez, Felipe and Wolfgramm, Felix and Blasko, Lubomir}, title = {Accuracy of Photo-Optical Measurement of Wood Piles}, series = {Environmental Sciences Proceedings}, journal = {Environmental Sciences Proceedings}, number = {3(1)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2673-4931}, doi = {10.3390/IECF2020-08192}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2012}, pages = {4}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The accurate estimation of timber volume is of the utmost importance. For industrial timber, the volume is often estimated as stacked cubic meters. In addition to manual measurements, volume estimation is possible with photo-optical systems. Over 100 piles of industrial timber of broadleaved tree species were analyzed. In the study, a standard manual measurement method for the estimation of wood pile volumes was compared with a smartphone based photo-optical application for the determination of woodpile volume. Mean gross volume of the piles was approximately 56 m3 and mean width of piles was 9.43 m. A strong correlation was found between the manual measurements and the photo-optical measurement. However, volume estimation of large volume piles seems to perform better in comparison to piles with small volumes. Further research is needed to determine the effects of variables such as log quality or quality of pile on volume estimation accuracy.}, language = {en} } @article{BerendtTolosanaHoffmannetal.2020, author = {Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and Tolosana, Eduardo and Hoffmann, Stephan and Alonso, Paula and Schweier, Janine}, title = {Harvester Productivity in Inclined Terrain with Extended Machine Operating Trail Intervals: A German Case Study Comparison of Standing and Bunched Trees}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {21}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su12219168}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2022}, pages = {10}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The complexity of highly structured forests with multiple tree species, especially when coniferous and broadleaved tree species are mixed, as well as stands with extended machine operating trail spacing and inclined terrain, create challenging operational conditions for mechanized timber harvesting and extraction. Motor-manually felling trees within the midfield and bunching them at the machine operating trails, prior to the arrival of a harvester-forwarder system, is a complex operation. The aim of this study was to assess and compare tethered harvester productivities of a thinning operation, for felling and processing standing trees and for processing bunched trees, through a time study in forest stands with 40-m distances between machine operating trails. Total operational costs of the analyzed thinning operation were 69 €/m3o.b., including extraction using a multiple forwarder approach. Tree species, merchantable timber volume, and whether the trees were standing or presented as bunched logs all had a significant effect on the harvester time consumption. Moreover, harvester positioning time was significantly shorter when trees were already bunched at the machine operating trail. While the productivity of standing or bunched spruce trees did not differ significantly between the cases (approximately 18 m3o.b./productive machine hours excluding all delays (PMH0)), the productivity of standing broadleaved tree species (8.3 m3o.b./PMH0) was much lower than that of bunched trees (15.5 m3o.b./PMH0). Thus, the described timber harvesting and extraction system may be a valuable option for forest stands with high proportion of broadleaved trees.}, language = {en} } @article{MartensOeztuerkRindtetal.2022, author = {Martens, D{\"o}rte and {\"O}zt{\"u}rk, {\"O}yk{\"u}m and Rindt, Lara and Twarok, Jana and Steinhardt, Uta and Molitor, Heike}, title = {Supporting biodiversity: Structures of participatory actions in urban green spaces}, series = {Frontiers in Sustainable Cities}, volume = {4}, journal = {Frontiers in Sustainable Cities}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2624-9634}, doi = {10.3389/frsc.2022.952790}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3636}, pages = {13}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Biodiversity loss is an important topic considering climate change, global warming, and even the reasoning of current and future animal-related diseases, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Urban biodiversity is also important because of the ecosystem services they provide, restorative benefits for well-being, and physical health of the people who live in urban areas. Each city has its own strategies to cope with this issue, and these strategies do not function without the contribution of habitants of the cities. We developed an index (BBS) of the existing possibilities to support urban biodiversity in Berlin to measure the awareness and willingness of the Berliners to participate and support urban biodiversity. A survey was conducted in a face-to-face situation in four districts of Berlin with 431 urban residents, measuring preference for three different levels of biodiversity, connectedness to residential greenspace, neighborhood and city, nature relatedness, and willingness in participatory actions around greenspace. The results show that the high biodiversity condition in a photo scenario was preferred by most residents, indicating the appreciation for urban biodiversity. The connectedness to the residential greenspace was high (and higher than the connectedness to neighborhood and city), showing large potential for quality of life. While the overall willingness to participate in actions to support urban greenspace was rather high, our index shows substantial differences in activities, which are perceived more or less. This is a key result for urban park management to increase urban biodiversity participation processes.}, language = {en} } @article{RoqueMacandzaZelleretal., author = {Roque, Dion{\´i}sio Virg{\´i}lio and Macandza, Val{\´e}rio Ant{\´o}nio and Zeller, Ulrich and Starik, Nicole and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas}, title = {Historical and current distribution and movement patterns of large herbivores in the Limpopo National Park, Mozambique}, series = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2022.978397}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3641}, abstract = {This study provides a first attempt to describe the historical distribution and movement patterns of selected large herbivore (LH) species in Limpopo National Park (LNP), an area in Mozambique today connected to a network of transboundary conservation areas. Between 1976 and the early 2000s, most LH species were absent in this area following the civil war in Mozambique followed by intense poaching due to weak law enforcement capacity. Through the reconstruction of the historical and current distribution and movement patterns of seven LH species in five periods, we investigate possible changes in distribution and movement patterns over time. Data collection is based on a systematic literature search, censuses reports, online databases, dung count transects, and camera trap surveys. We mapped all LH observations and movements using ArcGIS 10.1. Our results reveal a dramatic collapse of LH populations between the peak of the colonial period and the post-colonial/civil war period (1800-2001), followed by a slight recovery from the post-proclamation of Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park to the current period (2002-2021). While LH population decline applied to all seven species, there are species-specific differences in the process of restoration: African elephant (Loxodonta africana), African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), and plains zebra (Equus quagga) appear to recover to a greater extent than giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis), eland (Tragelaphus oryx), blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus), and white rhino (Ceratotherium simum). We found evidence of the functioning of proposed wildlife corridors in the LNP. The results give reason to assume that restoration of populations of LH is still in a very early and vulnerable state and that further efforts are necessary to strengthen the slowly increasing populations of LH. Our results highlight the importance of combining past and current data as a guide for the restoration of threatened species in African savannas impacted by human activities.}, language = {en} } @techreport{HammerichLuthardtZeitz2022, author = {Hammerich, Jenny and Luthardt, Vera and Zeitz, Jutta}, title = {Moorschutz in den W{\"a}ldern Brandenburgs}, editor = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde,}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-366}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3660}, pages = {44}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Landesbetrieb Forst Brandenburg renaturiert seit 2004 im Zuge des Waldmoorschutzprogrammes Brandenburg in Kooperation mit vielf{\"a}ltigen AkteurInnen aus Naturschutz, Wasser- und Bodenverb{\"a}nden, Beh{\"o}rden und Wissenschaft Moore im Wald. Die umgesetzten Maßnahmen sind sehr vielf{\"a}ltig, es werden sowohl wald- und wasserbauliche Maßnahmen im Moor und Mooreinzugsgebiet als auch Pflegemaßnahmen umgesetzt. Die Renaturierungsmaßnahmen f{\"u}hrten zu einem breiten Wirkungsspektrum bez{\"u}glich der Wasserst{\"a}nde im Moor, der moorspezifischen Biodiversit{\"a}t, des erneuten Torfwachstums und der resultierenden Treibhausgasemissionen. Es konnten positive Entwicklungen bei allen Schutzg{\"u}tern festgestellt werden. Am effektivsten erwiesen sich wasserbauliche Maßnahmen. Waldbauliches Management wirkte in dem hier untersuchten Zeitrahmen vor allem zustandserhaltend.}, language = {de} } @techreport{GutsohnWiemersKoenigetal.2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Gutsohn, Andrea and Wiemers, Hannah and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and N{\"o}lting, Benjamin}, title = {Information, Kommunikation und die Entwicklung digitaler Kompetenzen in der Corona-Pandemie: Ergebnisse aus dem "Logbuch der Ver{\"a}nderung"}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-368}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3688}, pages = {48}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Dieses Diskussionspapier besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Frage, wie sich digitale Kompetenzen im Zuge der COVID-19-Pandemie ver{\"a}ndert haben und welche R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse daraus auf soziale Nachhaltigkeit gezogen werden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei werden verschiedene Konzepte zu digitalen Kompetenzen vorgestellt sowie die Resilienz, Selbstwirksamkeit und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe als Dimensionen sozialer Nachhaltigkeit eingef{\"u}hrt. Die Ergebnisse beruhen auf dem Datenmaterial der ersten drei Erhebungsphasen zwischen M{\"a}rz und September 2020 des b{\"u}rger- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschungsprojekts „Logbuch der Ver{\"a}nderungen" der Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE). Dabei handelt es sich um eine Online-Tagebuchstudie, welche anhand der COVID-19- Pandemie gesellschaftlichen Wandel besser verstehen m{\"o}chte. In dem vorliegenden Diskussionspapier wurde das Handlungsfeld „Information und Kommunikation" mit knapp 650 Logbuch-Eintr{\"a}gen ausgewertet. Den theoretischen Rahmen bildet die Praxistheorie, welche gemeinsam geteilte soziale Praktiken ins Zentrum der Betrachtung stellt. Bei der Analyse des vielf{\"a}ltigen, qualitativen Datenmaterials wurden sechs ver{\"a}nderte Praktiken identifiziert: 1) „Informationsbeschaffung", 2) „Virtuelle Kommunikation und Begegnung", 3) „Digitales Arbeiten", 4) „Freizeit und Unterhaltung", 5) „Social-Media-Nutzung" und 6) „Analoge Begegnungen". Bei allen Praktiken gibt es das Bed{\"u}rfnis nach Abgrenzung von der digitalen Nutzung bzw. teilweise wahrgenommenen {\"U}bernutzung. Dies bedarf neuer Kompetenzen, um diese Abgrenzung zu erm{\"o}glichen. Zudem wird ein Spannungsfeld zwischen den zahlreichen neuen M{\"o}glichkeiten und der Herausforderung, mit dieser neuen Vielfalt umzugehen, deutlich. Es kann von einer gewissen kulturellen Verz{\"o}gerung bei der Anpassung an den (technischen) Wandel gesprochen werden. Zum Umgang damit braucht es einen gesellschaftlichen Diskurs, damit neue kulturelle Normen und soziale Regeln entwickelt werden k{\"o}nnen, mit dem Ziel, die negativen Auswirkungen der digitalen Praktiken zu reduzieren und die positiven Auswirkungen zu erkennen und nutzbar zu machen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{SelleneitVerdugoRaabKippetal.2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Selleneit, Tabea and Verdugo-Raab, David and Kipp, Sophia and Sprenger, Dirk and K{\"o}nig, Bettina}, title = {Agrarfolien: Sozioökonomische und ökologische Bewertung des Einsatzes von Kunststofffolien im Spargelanbau in Deutschland und daraus resultierende Handlungsempfehlungen}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-370}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3700}, pages = {170}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Bericht beschreibt am Fallbeispiel des Spargelanbaus das System der Nutzung von Agrarfolien und seiner Wirkungen auf Umwelt und Gesellschaft. Der betrachtete Teilbereich wird in den breiteren Kontext gesetzt, strukturiert und auf der Basis eines Literaturreviews, eine Diskursanalyse sowie von Experteninterviews- und Workshops erfolgt eine Situationsbeschreibung, die Herstellung, Nutzung und Entsorgung integrativ betrachtet, um Ans{\"a}tze aufzuzeigen zur Verbesserung der Situation. Dabei werden die Themen Mikroplastik und Wirkung von mit Folien bedeckten Fl{\"a}chen auf die Biodiversit{\"a}t vertieft. Auf Basis dieses multiperspektivischen und konfliktsensiblen Verst{\"a}ndnisses k{\"o}nnen weitere Fragen in der Praxis, Forschung und Entwicklung sowie in sektor{\"u}bergreifenden l{\"o}sungsorientierten Kooperationen bearbeitet und die Rahmenbedingungen f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Alternativen und das Beenden unerw{\"u}nschter Wirkungen gestaltet werden. Das Forschungsdesign ist konfliktsensibel angelegt.}, language = {de} } @article{PerkovićPaulVasićetal.2022, author = {Perković, Stanislava and Paul, Carsten and Vasić, Filip and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Human Health and Soil Health Risks from Heavy Metals, Micro(nano)plastics, and Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Agricultural Soils}, series = {Agronomy}, volume = {12}, journal = {Agronomy}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-4395}, doi = {10.3390/agronomy12122945}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3739}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Humans are exposed to agricultural soils through inhalation, dermal contact, or the consumption of food. Human health may be at risk when soils are contaminated; while some soil contaminants such as heavy metals (HMs) have been extensively studied, others such as micro(nano)plastics (MNPs) or antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) pose novel threats. This paper investigates the linkages between soil contamination and human health risk by reviewing the state of knowledge on HMs, MNPs, and ARB in agricultural soils. A keyword-based search in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was conducted, complemented with a backward snowball search. We analysed main sources of contamination for agricultural soils, risks to human health differentiated by uptake pathway (ingestion, inhalation, dermal), and interactions of contaminants with microorganism, soil fauna, and plants. Results show that the emergence and spread of ARB and antibiotic resistant genes from agricultural soils and their contribution to antibiotic resistances of human pathogens is recognized as a significant threat. Likewise, a growing body of evidence indicates that MNPs are able to enter the food chain and to have potentially harmful effects on human health. For HM, knowledge of the effects on human health is well established. Multiple agricultural practices increase HM concentrations in soils, which may lead to adverse health effects from the ingestion of contaminated products or inhalation of contaminated soil particles. Severe knowledge gaps exist about the pathways of the contaminants, their behaviour in soil, and human uptake. Little is known about long-term exposure and impacts of MNPs, antibiotics and ARB on human health or about the possible combined effects of MNPs, ARB, and HMs. Missing monitoring systems inhibit a comprehensive assessment of human health risks. Our research demonstrates the need for human health risk assessment in the context of agricultural soils, in particular to be able to assess risks related to measures reinforcing the concept of the circular economy.}, language = {en} } @article{LorenzGersterWodzinowskietal.2022, author = {Lorenz, Tommy and Gerster, Lea and Wodzinowski, Dustin Elias and Wartenberg, Ariani and Martetschl{\"a}ger, Lea and Molitor, Heike and Cremer, Tobias and Bloch, Ralf}, title = {Innovative Teaching and Learning Formats for the Implementation of Agroforestry Systems—An Impact Analysis after Five Years of Experience with the Real-World Laboratory "Ackerbaum"}, series = {Forests}, volume = {13}, journal = {Forests}, number = {7}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f13071064}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3092}, pages = {14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Since 2017, the Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development (HNEE) offers transformative learning modules in their curricula, which are called ITL—Innovative Teaching and Learning formats. Student tutors change into the role of teachers and organize lectures, excursions, and assignments at the Real-World Laboratory "Ackerbaum"—an agroforestry system in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany. Students can learn about agroforestry systems, participate in research, and take practical action. The examination of the module is a scientific report linked to the experimental area. In this study, an attempt was made to verify the quality and impact of teaching formats in the ITL via the analysis of 53 reports created by 170 students as well as surveys among participants. For this purpose, indicators were formulated that capture the quality of scientific methods and the contribution to higher education for sustainable development. Students and tutors appreciate the open working atmosphere and the possibility to actively participate in the course; many leave the module motivated. Some even move toward transformation in agriculture professionally as, e.g., consultants in the field of agroforestry. As a transformative institution, HNEE offers with ITL a rare opportunity for practical application, scientific methods, and transdisciplinary collaboration with different stakeholders to work on future models to change today's agriculture.}, language = {en} } @article{ThevsAlievEmilevaetal.2022, author = {Thevs, Niels and Aliev, Kumar and Emileva, Begayim and Yuldasheva, Dilfuza and Eshchanova, Guzal and Welp, Martin}, title = {Potential of Agroforestry to Provide Wood Resources to Central Asia}, series = {Forests}, volume = {13}, journal = {Forests}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f13081193}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3104}, pages = {14}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Background: Agroforestry systems have the potential to provide timber and wood as a domestic raw material, as well as an additional source of income for rural populations. In Central Asia, tree windbreaks from mainly poplar trees have a long tradition, but were largely cut down as source for fuel wood after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. As Central Asia is a forest-poor region, restoration of tree windbreaks has the potential to provide timber and wood resources to that region. This study aimed to assess the potential of tree windbreaks to contribute to domestic timber and wood production. Methods: This study rests on a GIS-based analysis, in which tree lines (simulated by line shape files) were intersected with cropland area. The tree data to calculate timber and wood volumes stem from a dataset with 728 single trees from a relevant range of climatic conditions. Results: The potential annually available timber volumes from tree windbreaks with 500 m spacing are 2.9 million m3 for Central Asia as a whole and 1.5 million m3 for Uzbekistan alone, which is 5 times the current domestic roundwood production and imports of the country. Conclusions: tree windbreaks offer untapped potential to deliver wood resources domestically as a raw material for wood-based value chains.}, language = {en} } @article{StarikGoettert2022, author = {Starik, Nicole and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas}, title = {Bats adjust echolocation and social call design as a response to urban environments}, series = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2022.939408}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3140}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Behavioral traits play a major role in the successful adaptation of wildlife to urban conditions. We investigated and compared the acoustic behavior of free ranging bats in rural (Havelland, Brandenburg) and urban (Berlin city center) green areas (n = 6 sites) to assess possible effects of urbanization on bat vocalizations using automated real-time recordings from May to October 2020 and 2021. We show that foraging and social call activity of commonly occurring bat species was lower in urban areas compared to rural areas. We present data on rural-urban variation in acoustic parameters of echolocation and Type D social calls (produced during flight) using the example of the common pipistrelle Pipistrellus pipistrellus. Calls from urban sites revealed significantly higher end and peak frequencies compared to rural site calls. In addition, urban social calls present a higher degree of complexity as they structurally differed from rural social calls with regard to assemblage and number of call components. Moreover, urban social calls were emitted in a presumably different context than rural calls: antagonistic social calls in urban areas were detected throughout the year and in the acoustic absence of conspecifics and heterospecifics. Our results provide evidence for the ability of P. pipistrellus to modulate temporal and spectral features of echolocation and social calls, as well as patterns of social call production, in order to compensate for constraints imposed by the urban acoustic environment. We suggest that this acoustic behavioral plasticity plays a major role in the degree of adaptation of insectivorous bats to urban habitats.}, language = {en} } @book{Adam2022, author = {Adam, Melanie}, title = {Es wa(h)r einmal... Das Eberswalder Hochschulm{\"a}rchenbuch}, address = {Eberswalde}, organization = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, isbn = {9783000728914}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-323}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3235}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, pages = {49}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Das ist das einmalige Eberswalder Hochschulm{\"a}rchenbuch. Ein wort- und bildstarker Br{\"u}ckenschlag zwischen der Wissenschafts- und M{\"a}rchenwelt, die n{\"a}her beieinanderliegen, als man gemeinhin vermuten mag. Mit fakten- und fantasiereichen Texten von Melanie Adam und wahrhaft-m{\"a}rchenhaften Illustrationen von Charlotte Th{\"o}mmes. Erg{\"a}nzt um interaktive Live- und Film-Auff{\"u}hrungen vom Berliner Figurentheater Schwarze Laterne. Ein innovatives Projekt der Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), gef{\"o}rdert durch das Ministerium f{\"u}r Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur des Landes Brandenburg (MWFK). Mit freundlicher Unterst{\"u}tzung der Stadt Eberswalde und der Eberswalder Hochschulgesellschaft (EHG). Ein wahres Wissenschafts-Kunstwerk f{\"u}r große und kleine Forschungs- und M{\"a}rchenfans weit {\"u}ber die Eberswalder Stadtgrenzen hinaus.}, language = {de} } @article{KrauseSandersMundetal.2019, author = {Krause, Stuart and Sanders, Tanja G. M. and Mund, Jan-Peter and Greve, Klaus}, title = {UAV-Based Photogrammetric Tree Height Measurement for Intensive Forest Monitoring}, series = {Remote Sensing}, journal = {Remote Sensing}, number = {11(7)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2072-4292}, doi = {10.3390/rs11070758}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3240}, pages = {18}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The measurement of tree height has long been an important tree attribute for the purpose of calculating tree growth, volume, and biomass, which in turn deliver important ecological and economical information to decision makers. Tree height has traditionally been measured by indirect field-based techniques, however these methods are rarely contested. With recent advances in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technologies, the possibility to acquire accurate tree heights semi-automatically has become a reality. In this study, photogrammetric and field-based tree height measurements of a Scots Pine stand were validated using destructive methods. The intensive forest monitoring site implemented for the study was configured with permanent ground control points (GCPs) measured with a Total Station (TS). Field-based tree height measurements resulted in a similar level of error to that of the photogrammetric measurements, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.304 m (1.82\%) and 0.34 m (2.07\%), respectively (n = 34). A conflicting bias was, however, discovered where field measurements tended to overestimate tree heights and photogrammetric measurements were underestimated. The photogrammetric tree height measurements of all trees (n = 285) were validated against the field-based measurements and resulted in a RMSE of 0.479 m (2.78\%). Additionally, two separate photogrammetric tree height datasets were compared (n = 251), and a very low amount of error was observed with a RMSE of 0.138 m (0.79\%), suggesting a high potential for repeatability. This study shows that UAV photogrammetric tree height measurements are a viable option for intensive forest monitoring plots and that the possibility to acquire within-season tree growth measurements merits further study. Additionally, it was shown that negative and positive biases evident in field-based and UAV-based photogrammetric tree height measurements could potentially lead to misinterpretation of results when field-based measurements are used as validation.}, language = {en} } @article{OchoaSanyeMengualSpechtetal.2019, author = {Ochoa, Jesus and Sany{\´e}-Mengual, Esther and Specht, Kathrin and Fern{\´a}ndez, Juan A. and Ba{\~n}{\´o}n, Sebasti{\´a}n and Orsini, Francesco and Magrefi, Francesca and Bazzocchi, Giovanni and Halder, Severin and Martens, D{\"o}rte and Kappel, Noemi and Gianquinto, Giorgio}, title = {Sustainable Community Gardens Require Social Engagement and Training: A Users' Needs Analysis in Europe}, series = {Sustainability}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {11(14)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su11143978}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3261}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Urban gardens are spreading in many cities across Europe, with community gardening being a fundamental form of urban agriculture. While the literature reveals the essential role that community gardens can play in terms of learning and education, no studies have investigated the training needs for participants in community gardens to ensure their successful development. The goal of this article is to evaluate the training requirements of urban community gardens to ensure their successful implementation and their contribution to sustainability in European cities. Two questionnaires of users' needs analysis were designed and implemented in Berlin, Bologna, Budapest, and Cartagena. The results unveiled the need to re-enforce the training in the formation and community building phases of community gardens towards ensuring the creation of an engaged gardening community to maintain activity, particularly for top-down activities (e.g., research-related gardens). Users claimed their need for being trained on crop management skills (e.g., maintenance, bed preparation, organic practices) and on communication skills to further disseminate their activity, thereby increasing the potential for citizen engagement. Such requirements could be overcome with the creation of urban gardens networks, where experiences and knowledge are shared among practitioners. Policy recommendations are provided based on the outputs of this study.}, language = {en} } @article{SchultzGlemnitzStachowetal.2022, author = {Schultz, Alfred and Glemnitz, Michael and Stachow, Ulrich and Schwierz, Friederike}, title = {Changes in a Bird Community in an Agricultural Landscape in Northeast Germany between 1999 and 2015}, series = {Land}, volume = {11}, journal = {Land}, number = {12}, editor = {Petri{\c{s}}or, Alexandru-Ionuţ}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-445X}, doi = {10.3390/land11122115}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3750}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Temporal changes in the bird community of an agricultural landscape in northeast Germany were analysed covering three different analytical foci (landscape-wide, habitat types, sample plots) and two aggregation levels of bird observation data (whole bird community, bird guilds). The analyses are based on a systematic data sampling over two multi-year campaigns (1999-2002; 2013-2015). Our analyses address the question of how changes in the occurrences of agricultural birds (numbers of species and of individuals) at local spots manifest themselves in the landscape as a whole. By summarizing all findings concerning single variables (number of species, observation frequencies, abundances, different habitat types, bird guilds), a dramatic, systematic decline of the bird community at sample plots was discovered between the campaigns, which is not yet recognisable across the whole landscape in terms of species richness. Furthermore, we found that landscape-wide, the birds' use of habitat changed; the variability between single sample plots increased strongly and most species occurred at fewer sample plots over the whole landscape. Obviously, sample plots with high bird occurrences are becoming more relevant for maintaining bird communities over the whole landscape. Bird community composition changed significantly within the observation period.}, language = {en} } @techreport{SelleneitVerdugoRaabKippetal.2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Selleneit, Tabea and Verdugo-Raab, David and Kipp, Sophia and Sprenger, Dirk and K{\"o}nig, Bettina}, title = {Agrarfolien: Sozioökonomische und ökologische Bewertung des Einsatzes von Kunststofffolien im Spargelanbau in Deutschland und daraus resultierende Handlungsempfehlungen}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-376}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3767}, pages = {170}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Bericht beschreibt am Fallbeispiel des Spargelanbaus das System der Nutzung von Agrarfolien und seiner Wirkungen auf Umwelt und Gesellschaft. Der betrachtete Teilbereich wird in den breiteren Kontext gesetzt, strukturiert und auf der Basis eines Literaturreviews, eine Diskursanalyse sowie von Experteninterviews- und Workshops erfolgt eine Situationsbeschreibung, die Herstellung, Nutzung und Entsorgung integrativ betrachtet, um Ans{\"a}tze aufzuzeigen zur Verbesserung der Situation. Dabei werden die Themen Mikroplastik und Wirkung von mit Folien bedeckten Fl{\"a}chen auf die Biodiversit{\"a}t vertieft. Auf Basis dieses multiperspektivischen und konfliktsensiblen Verst{\"a}ndnisses k{\"o}nnen weitere Fragen in der Praxis, Forschung und Entwicklung sowie in sektor{\"u}bergreifenden l{\"o}sungsorientierten Kooperationen bearbeitet und die Rahmenbedingungen f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von Alternativen und das Beenden unerw{\"u}nschter Wirkungen gestaltet werden. Das Forschungsdesign ist konfliktsensibel angelegt.}, language = {de} } @misc{LuthardtBraunerHammerichetal.2022, author = {Luthardt, Vera and Brauner, Oliver and Hammerich, Jenny and Probst, Robert and Schulz, Corinna and Wachtel, Silke}, title = {Steckbriefe und weiterf{\"u}hrende Informationen zu ausgew{\"a}hlten Mooren des Biosph{\"a}renreservats Schorfheide-Chorin}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-377}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3775}, pages = {1 -- 41}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Diese Ver{\"o}ffentlichung stellt eine Erg{\"a}nzung zum Artikel „Resilienz von naturnahen Mooren im Klimawandel - Fallbeispiele aus dem Biosph{\"a}renreservat Schorfheide-Chorin" von Luthardt et al. (2023) im Themenheft "Moorschutz im Klimawandel" der Zeitschrift „Natur und Landschaft" dar. Die Steckbriefe der Moore k{\"o}nnen als eigenst{\"a}ndige, kurze Informationsquelle genutzt werden. Sie beinhalten Basisinformationen zum jeweiligen Standort. Die Abbildung und die Tabellen geben weitere Informationen zu den Wasserstufen, Bauwerten und Libellenvorkommen der untersuchten Moore und sind in Kombination mit den Steckbriefen der Moore und dem Artikel zu betrachten.}, language = {de} } @misc{MolitorKrahReimannetal.2023, author = {Molitor, Heike and Krah, Jennifer and Reimann, Julian and Bellina, Leonie and Bruns, Antonia}, title = {Zukunftsf{\"a}hige Curricula gestalten - eine Handreichung zur curricularen Verankerung von Hochschulbildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, editor = {Krah, Jennifer and Reimann, Julian and Molitor, Heike}, organization = {Arbeitsgemeinschaft f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeit an Brandenburger Hochschulen}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-379}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3799}, pages = {1 -- 40}, year = {2023}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die Bew{\"a}ltigung der globalen Herausforderung durch die Gestaltung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung braucht es die Kompetenzen einer Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) als Schl{\"u}ssel-Skills f{\"u}r alle relevanten Berufsbilder. Dieser Ansatz kommt im UNESCO-Programm „BNE-2030" zum Ausdruck (National Action Plan On Education For Sustainable Development (NAP) 2017), das den Fahrplan zur Verankerung von BNE im Bildungssektor darstellt. Die Verankerung von BNE in den hochschulrelevanten Rahmendokumenten wird von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft „Nachhaltigkeit an Brandenburger Hochschulen" unterst{\"u}tzt. Die vorliegende Handreichung zur curricularen Verankerung von Hochschulbildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (HBNE) ist ein Beitrag zur Capacity Building an den Brandenburger Hochschulen. (Hochschul-)Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung wird als Bildungsansatz verstanden. „Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltigen Entwicklung bereitet Menschen darauf vor, aktiv mit den Problemen umzugehen, die eine nachhaltige Entwicklung unseres Planeten bedrohen, und gemeinsam L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r diese Probleme zu finden. Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) bedeutet also das empowerment, als Agent*in des Wandels an der Transformation zu sozial gerechteren und {\"o}kologisch integren Gesellschaften mitzuwirken." (Bellina et al. 2020, S.24). In der Handreichung zur curricularen Verankerung von HBNE werden drei Handlungsbereiche beleuchtet: I. Die Verankerung von Schl{\"u}sselkompetenzen f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeit (Brundiers et al. 2021) in den Studieng{\"a}ngen bzw. in deren Modulbeschreibungen, II. die thematisch-inhaltliche Verankerung von Nachhaltigkeit am Beispiel der Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) und III. Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung didaktisch-methodisch in der Hochschullehre implementieren. Bei der Implementierung dieser drei Elemente wird eine spiral-curriculare Verankerung von HBNE angestrebt, womit ein Studiengang ganzheitlich betrachtet und die Verankerung schrittweise und niveauabh{\"a}ngig vollzogen werden kann. Diese Vorgehensweise erm{\"o}glicht verschiedenste Implementierungsmuster und einen kontinuierlichen Kompetenzaufbau im Laufe des Studiums.}, subject = {Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, language = {de} } @article{BlumroederSchmidtGordonetal.2022, author = {Blumr{\"o}der, Jeanette Silvin and Schmidt, Frederic and Gordon, Anat and Grosse, Stefanie and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Ecosystemic resilience of a temperate post-fire forest under extreme weather conditions}, series = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change}, volume = {5}, journal = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change}, number = {5}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2624-893X}, doi = {10.3389/ffgc.2022.1070958}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3825}, pages = {1 -- 16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Introduction The effects of climate change are exacerbating the fire risk in forests worldwide. Conifer plantations in particular are especially vulnerable to fire outbreaks. At the end of the extraordinarily hot and dry summer of 2018, a forest pine plantation burned in Brandenburg, NE Germany. Different forestry interventions were carried out after the fire, while one area of the damaged plantation remained untouched. Methods We investigated the resilience of the forest ecosystem and the effectiveness of different active and passive forest restoration measures during the subsequent relatively warm and dry years 2019-2021. Results One year after the fire, Populus tremula showed strong spontaneous colonization at all sites. In contrast, the majority of planted Pinus sylvestris plantlets died on the plots that had been salvage-logged after the fire. Three years after the fire, Populus tremula successfully established itself as the dominant tree species on all plots, with the highest abundance on the plot where the overstorey of the dead pines was left. Betula pendula, Salix caprea, and Pinus sylvestris showed lower abundance, with their proportion increasing with decreasing cover by dead trees. The distribution of regrowing trees is very heterogeneous across the different treatments and plots. In the clear-cut plots, the extreme microclimatic conditions expose the young trees to additional heat and drought, while the retention of deadwood measurably buffers the temperature and water stress. Discussion The resilience and adaptability of naturally regenerating forests that develop into ecosystems that are more diverse seem more promising than restoration through intervention. Apart from hampering restoration under extreme weather conditions, post-fire salvage logging contributes to soil degradation and loss of organic carbon.}, language = {en} } @article{MunierFrankeHeroldetal.2020, author = {Munier, Leo Felix and Franke, Tom and Herold, Nadine and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Humidity's Effect on the Dynamic-mechanical Behavior of Phenol-formaldehyde Impregnated Beech Wood Veneer}, series = {BioResources}, journal = {BioResources}, number = {15(1)}, doi = {10.15376/biores.15.1.1563-1574}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3841}, pages = {1563 -- 1574}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The dynamic-mechanical behavior of phenol-formaldehyde-impregnated beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) veneers was evaluated at various relative humidities. The aim was to identify the plasticizing effects of moisture on phenol-formaldehyde-impregnated veneers. Thin beech veneer samples were impregnated with a low and a medium molecular weight phenol- formaldehyde resin. The measurements were performed with a dynamic- mechanical thermal analysis equipped with a humidity generator. The storage modulus and the loss factor of the uncured phenol-formaldehyde- impregnated and the untreated control veneers were determined at a relative humidity of 15\%, 60\%, and 85\% and a constant temperature of 25 °C. The untreated control veneers exhibited the smallest reduction of the normalized storage modulus. In contrast, the phenol-formaldehyde- impregnated samples exhibited a more intense relative reduction of the storage modulus with increasing relative humidity. This effect was more distinct for samples impregnated with low molecular weight phenol- formaldehyde than for those impregnated with medium molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde. In addition, higher solids contents in the resins led to even smaller normalized storage modulus. Consistently, the loss factor indicated a greater softening of the samples with an increasing humidity and higher solids content of the phenol-formaldehyde.}, language = {en} } @misc{MolitorKrahReimannetal.2023, author = {Molitor, Heike and Krah, Jennifer and Reimann, Julian and Bellina, Leonie and Bruns, Antonia}, title = {Zukunftsf{\"a}hige Curricula gestalten - eine Handreichung zur curricularen Verankerung von Hochschulbildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, editor = {Krah, Jennifer and Reimann, Julian and Molitor, Heike}, organization = {Arbeitsgemeinschaft f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeit an Brandenburger Hochschulen}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-388}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3889}, pages = {40}, year = {2023}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die Bew{\"a}ltigung der globalen Herausforderung durch die Gestaltung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung braucht es die Kompetenzen einer Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) als Schl{\"u}ssel-Skills f{\"u}r alle relevanten Berufsbilder. Dieser Ansatz kommt im UNESCO-Programm „BNE-2030" zum Ausdruck (National Action Plan On Education For Sustainable Development (NAP) 2017), das den Fahrplan zur Verankerung von BNE im Bildungssektor darstellt. Die Verankerung von BNE in den hochschulrelevanten Rahmendokumenten wird von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft „Nachhaltigkeit an Brandenburger Hochschulen" unterst{\"u}tzt. Die vorliegende Handreichung zur curricularen Verankerung von Hochschulbildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (HBNE) ist ein Beitrag zur Capacity Building an den Brandenburger Hochschulen. (Hochschul-)Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung wird als Bildungsansatz verstanden. „Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltigen Entwicklung bereitet Menschen darauf vor, aktiv mit den Problemen umzugehen, die eine nachhaltige Entwicklung unseres Planeten bedrohen, und gemeinsam L{\"o}sungen f{\"u}r diese Probleme zu finden. Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) bedeutet also das empowerment, als Agent*in des Wandels an der Transformation zu sozial gerechteren und {\"o}kologisch integren Gesellschaften mitzuwirken." (Bellina et al. 2020, S.24). In der Handreichung zur curricularen Verankerung von HBNE werden drei Handlungsbereiche beleuchtet: I. Die Verankerung von Schl{\"u}sselkompetenzen f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeit (Brundiers et al. 2021) in den Studieng{\"a}ngen bzw. in deren Modulbeschreibungen, II. die thematisch-inhaltliche Verankerung von Nachhaltigkeit am Beispiel der Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) und III. Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung didaktisch-methodisch in der Hochschullehre implementieren. Bei der Implementierung dieser drei Elemente wird eine spiral-curriculare Verankerung von HBNE angestrebt, womit ein Studiengang ganzheitlich betrachtet und die Verankerung schrittweise und niveauabh{\"a}ngig vollzogen werden kann. Diese Vorgehensweise erm{\"o}glicht verschiedenste Implementierungsmuster und einen kontinuierlichen Kompetenzaufbau im Laufe des Studiums.}, subject = {Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ClauderMunkPfriem2022, author = {Clauder, Lothar and Munk, Christoph and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {The influence of thermal modification on the initial material-brightness (L*), documented by in-situ measurements}, series = {European Conference on Wood Modification 2022}, booktitle = {European Conference on Wood Modification 2022}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2801}, pages = {4}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In this study, the influence of the thermal modification on the characteristic brightness of the raw material Alder (Alnus rubra) and Maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) was investigated by spectral photometric in-situ analysis.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WozniakWulfPfriem2022, author = {Wozniak, Martin and Wulf, Fabian and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Investigation of a change in the hardness properties of thermally modified beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L) as a result of a 6-week long-term temperature at 120°C and 140°C}, series = {European Conference on Wood Modification 2022}, booktitle = {European Conference on Wood Modification 2022}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2816}, pages = {7}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanical properties and structural changes of wood during long-term tempering in mild temperatures. As a result of a long-term heat treatment on beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L), the degradation or decomposition reaction of wood-bound cellulose, hemicellulose and lignins in the low temperature range up to 150°C investigated. For this purpose, test series in the dry state are thermally treated over a period of 6 weeks at a temperature of 120°C and 140°C. Weekly, the mass and dimensions of the test specimens are recorded in order to effectively track the density curve. The mechanical resistance of the wood substrate was realized by a hardness measurement in a weekly period.}, language = {en} } @article{GoettertStarik2022, author = {G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Starik, Nicole}, title = {Human-Wildlife Conflicts across Landscapes—General Applicability vs. Case Specificity}, series = {Diversity}, volume = {14}, journal = {Diversity}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1424-2818}, doi = {10.3390/d14050380}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2828}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Here, we address the question of if/to what extent human-wildlife conflict (HWC) can be reduced or mitigated by supra-regional or even global approaches, or whether case- and region-specific strategies are necessary. First, we try to shift the perspective from humans towards wildlife and regard modern era (near) extinctions of selected wildlife species as an ultimate expression of HWC. We then reflect on the legitimacy of ecosystem comparisons beyond the borders of biogeographical regions—an important prerequisite for global approaches. In the following, we present two case scenarios that exemplarily illustrate the topic from different perspectives: carnivore-livestock conflicts (classical view, human perspective) and wind turbine-induced mortality of bats (wildlife perspective, rarely regarded as a form of HWC). On this basis, we try to develop a framework that enables a global approach, while adequately considering case- and region-specificity. We think that a globally valid and generally approachable dimension can be defined, as long as there is a natural link: in the present case the established monophyly of the orders Carnivora and Chiroptera, i.e., representatives descending from common ancestors, thus sharing common ecological features. This natural relationship among all representatives of a systematic group (specification of the "wildlife" concept) is key for the development of an overarching strategy that can be adjusted to a specific case.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MunkClauderPfriem2018, author = {Munk, Christoph and Clauder, Lothar and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Acoustical comparison of two different guitars, made of untreated tropical wood and thermally modified wood, using a frequency response analysis}, series = {Northern European Network for Wood Science \& Engineering (WSE)}, booktitle = {Northern European Network for Wood Science \& Engineering (WSE)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2850}, year = {2018}, abstract = {To this day, many guitar makers around the world use primarily tropical woods such as rosewood (Dalbergia spp.) for their production. Due to the current CITES regulation of January 2017 regarding the trade of tropical woods, it becomes inevitable to generate alternative materials with similar material properties to be generated and established. Part of this study is an acoustic comparison of two guitars. One made of untreated tropical wood [Dalbergia nigra Benth.)] and one made of European thermally modified wood (TMT) species. [Pyrus (L.) and Alnus (Mill.)]. The method used allows a significant statement about the acoustic radiation performance of stringed and plucked instruments. The experimental setup consists of an impulse hammer for excitation of a force in the center of the bridge and a microphone for recording the signal radiated by the guitar body at a distance of one meter from the sound hole. A front-end was used to record the data, and further processing was done using analysis software to determine frequency response functions (FRFs) of the two instruments. The FRFs determined can be subdivided into several ranges which contain the different acoustic information about bass range, loudness, clarity, brightness and sharpness of the instruments. Examination of the frequency ranges reveals an acoustic similarity between the two guitars. Slight differences can be seen in the bass and loudness areas, where the guitar from TMT has a higher average level. Clearer differences are offered by the areas of clarity, where the guitar made of tropical wood shows a higher average level. In summary, the method gives an efficient acoustic impression as a function of the natural frequencies of the two guitars. The measured data show similarities and thus comparable acoustic properties of the instruments. However, additional effects such as psychoacoustic sensations or musical taste for the complete acoustic impression of an instrument are also of importance. Therefore, further empirical and fundamental research is needed to obtain a more detailed acoustic impression of the instruments.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MunkClauderPfriem2019, author = {Munk, Christoph and Clauder, Lothar and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Sound absorption coefficient of thermally modified and unmodified wood species measured in an impedance tube}, series = {Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering (WSE) - 15th Annual Meeting 2019}, booktitle = {Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering (WSE) - 15th Annual Meeting 2019}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2890}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Different parts of the guitar body are made of certain wood species, selected by their specific properties. The sound board, which is mainly made of spruce or cedar, transfers the vibration of the strings to the resonance body by means of the bridge. The sides and the back of the guitar rather reflect the sound of the acoustic vibrations and are predominantly made of tropical hardwoods like palisander, mahogany or ebony species. These species have limited availability and are listed on the CITES Annex I and II. To substitute tropical wood species, thermally modified European wood species with improved acoustic properties and dimensional stability may be used. Although the acoustic reflection of the sides and the back parts of a guitar body is an important property, there is not much knowledge about this reflection behaviour of wood. A few studies like the work of Hong (1989), Kang (2010) or Smardzewski et al. (2013) investigated the sound absorption properties of unmodified wood. Subsequently this study considers the sound absorption coefficients of unmodified and thermally modified European wood species in comparison to an unmodified tropical wood species.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MunkWohlertPfriem2021, author = {Munk, Christoph and Wohlert, Hauke and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Investigation of the influence of two different thermal treatment processes on the change of various material properties of spruce resonance wood (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)}, series = {Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering - 17th Annual Meeting 2021}, booktitle = {Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering - 17th Annual Meeting 2021}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2909}, pages = {3}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In recent years, a large number of different studies have shown that a variety of positive property changes can be achieved by thermally treating spruce resonance wood. Various methods have been established, which differ mainly in the choice of treatment atmosphere, but also in the associated treatment duration and temperature. Part of the present investigation was to compare a thermal-vacuum process with a process which takes place in an oxygen-reduced atmosphere, with regard to various property changes. The results show that both processes achieved similar results in terms of dynamic acoustic property changes. Larger differences were found with regard to moisture behavior and color change.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MunkPfriem2022, author = {Munk, Christoph and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Influence of thermal modification and subsequent linseed oil impregnation on the sound propagation velocity and related acoustic properties of various wood species}, series = {Tenth European Conference on Wood Modification}, booktitle = {Tenth European Conference on Wood Modification}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2916}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In the field of instrument making, the use of indigenous wood species is becoming more and more important due to the increasing environmental awareness of instrument makers and their customers. As the properties of some of these wood species cannot meet the high demands of this field of application, processes are being sought that can achieve improvements. In recent years, many studies have shown that different modification methods, such as furfurylation, thermal treatment, densification or impregnation methods, can partly improve wood properties such as elasticity, strength values, damping behaviour, but also moisture behaviour and wood moisture content significantly. The extent to which different modification processes and their positive changes in properties can be combined with each other and thus achieve further improvements will become increasingly important in the future, not only in instrument making but also in other areas of application. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of thermal treatment followed by linseed oil impregnation of wood on its sound propagation velocity and the associated acoustic properties of characteristic impedance and acoustic radiation.}, language = {en} } @article{LauterbachBantle2022, author = {Lauterbach, Josephine and Bantle, Christina}, title = {"For More Diversity, Better Taste and My Own Health" Exploring Organic Consumers' Purchasing Motives for Heirloom Vegetable Varieties}, series = {Sustainability}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {14(7)}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su14074068}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2992}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Agrobiodiversity is the foundation of our ecosystems and food supply. However, agrobiodiversity is declining rapidly. A prominent strategy to safeguard endangered varieties, an important component of agrobiodiversity, is their cultivation and preservation in their natural environments. In order to make the cultivation of these varieties attractive to farmers, a functioning value chain and communication concepts for these goods have to be developed. Using heirloom vegetable varieties as an example, we examine existing communication approaches for endangered varieties and evaluate their suitability to transport their added value to organic consumers. We furthermore examine organic consumers' purchasing motives to buy heirloom vegetable varieties. We collected data in three focus group discussions in Berlin (Germany) in 2018. This exploratory study shows that existing communication approaches for heirloom vegetable varieties strongly appeal to altruistic and biospheric purchasing motives. However, our results suggest that egoistic and hedonic purchasing motives are just as important to organic consumers. Hence, existing communication approaches for heirloom vegetable varieties, including the "Red List of Endangered Local Crops", are not entirely suitable to communicate the added value of biodiversity-enhancing products to consumers. Based on these results, we will develop a holistic communication scheme for heirloom vegetable varieties for organic supermarkets and further distribution channels in Germany.}, language = {en} } @article{MannGohrBlumroederetal.2023, author = {Mann, Deepika and Gohr, Charlotte and Blumr{\"o}der, Jeanette Silvin and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {Does fragmentation contribute to the forest crisis in Germany?}, series = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change}, volume = {6}, journal = {Frontiers in Forests and Global Change}, publisher = {Frontiers Media S.A.}, issn = {2624-893X}, doi = {10.3389/ffgc.2023.1099460}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3909}, pages = {12}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Intact forests contribute to the ecosystem functionality of landscapes by storing and sequestering carbon, buffering and cooling the microclimate, and providing a range of related ecosystem functions. Forest fragmentation not only poses a threat to many organisms but also reduces the resistance and resilience of the ecosystem, which is especially relevant to the ongoing climate crisis. The effects of recent extreme heat years on forests in Germany have not been studied in detail for the influence of fragmentation. We investigate the relation of forest fragmentation with temperature and vitality in Germany per ecoregion at the canopy level using satellite imagery at 1-km and 30-m resolution. We compiled and correlated forest maps for connectivity based on Thiessen polygons, canopy temperatures on the hottest days based on land surface temperature, and forest vitality based on the maximum normalized difference vegetation index per growing season. We differentiated between ecoregions and main forest types. In 2022, larger intact tree-covered areas that are less fragmented have relatively low temperatures on hot days and higher overall vitality. Nearly 98\% of the almost 1.95 million forest fragments at 30-m resolution in Germany are smaller than 1 km2, which cover nearly 30\% of the total forest area. To counteract the forest crisis, forest and landscape management should aim to reduce fragmentation and maintain tree biomass and forest cover in the landscape. Increasing the size of continuous forest fragments contributes to ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change.}, language = {en} } @misc{KrahMolitorReimannetal.2023, author = {Krah, Jennifer and Molitor, Heike and Reimann, Julian and Bellina, Leonie}, title = {Rahmenkonzept f{\"u}r die Weiterbildung "Zukunftsf{\"a}hige Lehre f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Entwicklung"}, organization = {Arbeitsgemeinschaft f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeit an Brandenburger Hochschulen}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-394}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3942}, pages = {1 -- 34}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Wir erleben mit der Klimakrise und dem Verlust biologischer Vielfalt multiple Krisen, die unsere Lebensgrundlage bedrohen, unser soziales Zusammenleben und unsere Demokratien auf die Probe stellen. Zivilgesellschaft, Politik, Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft sind in dieser Situation gefragt, Anpassungs- und L{\"o}sungsstrategien zu entwerfen. Hochschulen nehmen mit ihren Ressourcen in Forschung, Lehre und Transfer eine zentrale Rolle bei dem Umgang und der Bew{\"a}ltigung der immensen Herausforderungen ein. Mit der Weiterbildung „Zukunftsf{\"a}hige Lehre f{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Entwicklung" haben Lehrende und Multiplikator*innen die M{\"o}glichkeit, Vermittlungs- und Lehr-Kompetenzen f{\"u}r eine Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung (BNE) an ihren Hochschulen aufzubauen. Durch das Capacity Building an den Brandenburger Hochschulen k{\"o}nnen Studierenden dazu bef{\"a}higt werden, zu einer sozialeren und {\"o}kologisch gerechteren Welt beizutragen.}, subject = {Bildung f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{WeissLinde2023, author = {Weiss, Fabio and Linde, Andreas}, title = {How precise are size-weight equations for estimating carabid biomass and how could they be improved?}, series = {22. Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r allgemeine und angewandte Entomologie e.V. (DGaaE) 2023 in Bozen, Italien}, booktitle = {22. Tagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r allgemeine und angewandte Entomologie e.V. (DGaaE) 2023 in Bozen, Italien}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-396}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3966}, pages = {1}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Insect biomass has been used as an ecological indicator in the past, but in recent years has become a key metric in the study of insect population trends, especially since first reports about the so-called insect decline (e.g. "Krefeld study" of 2017). However, measuring insect biomass can be methodologically challenging, and very labour intensive. For many datasets, weight measurements are not available and the original samples may have already been lost. Size-weight equations provide a straightforward method for estimating insect biomass when the insect's body length is known. If insects have been determined to species level one can also use the average body length given in literature. Based on the correlation between the body length and the weight of an insect, there is a variety of size-weight equations for different groups of insects. They are widely used in insect research, but have rarely been tested with independent data. We evaluated two size-weight models for carabid beetles, by Szyszko (1983) and Booij et al. (1994), drawing on previously published independent data by comparing model predictions with actual measurements of biomass, using relative deviation graphs and observed versus predicted from regression. Moreover, we also tested if the inclusion of additional taxonomic parameters, in this case subfamily, can improve results. We found that both models produced systematically biased results: Szyszko´s model gave more accurate results for larger species, while the model of Booij et al. did so for smaller species. This bias is most likely caused by the different origin of the respective training data. This underlines the restricted applicability of such models. We demonstrate that additional taxonomic parameters have the potential to increase the accuracy of size-weight equations and represent a potential solution to the issue of restricted applicability. As actual biomass measurements for carabids are scarce, data availability is limited to only few subfamilies. Until data on more subfamilies become available, we recommend a combined use of both evaluated models: Szyszko's model for carabids ≥ 11.8 mm, and the model of Booij et al. for carabids < 11.8 mm, respectively.}, language = {en} } @techreport{LuthardtDammann2021, author = {Luthardt, Vera and Dammann, Christin}, title = {AUKM Moorschonende Stauhaltung - Erfahrungen \& Empfehlungen}, editor = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde,}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-398}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3988}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Da ca. 4 \% der deutschen Treibhausgasemissionen und mehr als ein Drittel der aus der Landwirtschaft stammenden Treibhausgasemissionen durch die entw{\"a}sserungsbasierte Nutzung von Moorb{\"o}den verursacht sind, besteht aus Klimaschutzsicht dringender Handlungsbedarf einen alternativen Umgang mit diesen Fl{\"a}chen umzusetzen. Dies gebieten auch die Anforderungen an nachhaltige Nutzungsformen mit Blick auf den Boden-, Biodiversit{\"a}ts- und Wasserschutz. Zur Erreichung dieser Ziele ist es zwingend notwendig die Wasserst{\"a}nde auf Moorb{\"o}den großfl{\"a}chig bis 2030 auf mindestens 30 cm unter Flur und bis 2050 generell oberfl{\"a}chennah anzuheben. Im Land Brandenburg werden 165.000 Hektar Gr{\"u}nland auf Moorb{\"o}den oder Moorfolgeb{\"o}den in einem mehr oder weniger entw{\"a}sserten Status genutzt. Um Schritt f{\"u}r Schritt dem oben genannten Ziel n{\"a}her zu kommen und auf nassere Bewirtschaftung umzustellen, wurde als Anreiz 2016 die Agrarumwelt- und Klimaschutzmaßnahme (AUKM) Moorschonende Stauhaltung angeboten. Mithilfe dieser Maßnahme sollen Treibhausgasemissionen eingespart und der Landschaftswasserhaushalt durch den Wasserr{\"u}ckhalt in der Agrarlandschaft stabilisiert werden. Dies ist insbesondere im Land Brandenburg von besonderer Bedeutung, denn durch den Klimawandel werden zuk{\"u}nftig auch die regionalen Wasserressourcen stark beeinflusst. Die Brosch{\"u}re stellt die AUKM Moorschonende Stauhaltung vor, erl{\"a}utert F{\"o}rderrahmen und Antragsstellung, gibt Handlungsempfehlungen und geht auf m{\"o}gliche Netzwerke und Finanzierungsm{\"o}glichkeiten ein.}, language = {de} } @article{GoettertPerry2023, author = {G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Perry, Gad}, title = {Going Wild in the City—Animal Feralization and Its Impacts on Biodiversity in Urban Environments}, series = {Animals}, volume = {13}, journal = {Animals}, number = {4}, editor = {Bakaloudis, Dimitrios}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-2615}, doi = {10.3390/ani13040747}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3992}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Simple Summary Understanding the impact of urbanization on biodiversity is a crucial task of our time. Here, we reflect on the importance of feralization in the relationship between ongoing urbanization and the worsening biodiversity crisis. Feralization is often viewed as the exact opposite of a domestication process—a perception that we argue is too simplistic. The interrelations between domestication, feralization, and the adaptation of taxa to novel, human-made environments such as cities are complex. Given their unique traits, feral(izing) taxa can play key roles in sustainability, sometimes problematic (i.e., invasive species) but at other times, improving human well-being in urban settings. Abstract Domestication describes a range of changes to wild species as they are increasingly brought under human selection and husbandry. Feralization is the process whereby a species leaves the human sphere and undergoes increasing natural selection in a wild context, which may or may not be geographically adjacent to where the originator wild species evolved prior to domestication. Distinguishing between domestic, feral, and wild species can be difficult, since some populations of so-called "wild species" are at least partly descended from domesticated "populations" (e.g., junglefowl, European wild sheep) and because transitions in both directions are gradual rather than abrupt. In urban settings, prior selection for coexistence with humans provides particular benefit for a domestic organism that undergoes feralization. One risk is that such taxa can become invasive not just at the site of release/escape but far away. As humanity becomes increasingly urban and pristine environments rapidly diminish, we believe that feralized populations also hold conservation value.}, language = {en} } @article{LitschelBerendtWagneretal.2023, author = {Litschel, Johannes and Berendt, Ferr{\´e}ol and Wagner, Hanna and Heidenreich, Simon and Bauer, David and Welp, Martin and Cremer, Tobias}, title = {Key Actors' Perspectives on Agroforestry's Potential in North Eastern Germany}, series = {Land}, volume = {12}, journal = {Land}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-445X}, doi = {10.3390/land12020458}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4003}, pages = {1 -- 19}, year = {2023}, abstract = {As a land use management system, agroforestry has environmental, economic and societal benefits over conventional agriculture or forestry. Important benefits of combining tree growth with agricultural crops and/or forage production systems include higher biodiversity through more diverse habitats, the control of runoff and soil erosion, the augmentation of soil water availability, the creation of microclimates, carbon sequestration and provision of a more diverse farm economy. As the climate changes, north eastern Germany is likely to be particularly prone to severe effects from droughts and wind erosion in the future. However, the area of land under agroforestry makes up less than 2\% of the total agricultural area in Germany. Through qualitative interviews with key actors, this study analyzed the benefits of, potentials for and barriers to implementing agroforestry systems in the federal state of Brandenburg. Results showed that agroforestry systems have significant potential in relation to several benefits, particularly the mitigation of soil erosion and stabilization of microclimate regimes. Additionally, agroforestry has the potential to provide wood for energy production or material uses. Although a small but highly innovative and interlinked community exists, administrative barriers and high start-up costs currently hamper the transition from conventional agriculture to agroforestry systems.}, language = {en} } @misc{CieslewiczLangBarth2022, author = {Cieslewicz, Kira and Lang, Daniel and Barth, Matthias}, title = {Der europ{\"a}ische Weg}, series = {{\"O}kologisches Wirtschaften}, journal = {{\"O}kologisches Wirtschaften}, number = {37(1)}, publisher = {oekom Verlag}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, doi = {10.14512/OEW370108}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4040}, pages = {8 -- 9}, year = {2022}, abstract = {F{\"u}r eine nachhaltige Zukunftsgestaltung spielt es eine zentrale Rolle, Digitalisierung in den Dienst einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung zu stellen. Neben dem chinesischen und dem US‑amerikanischen Modell bleibt die Frage offen, ob sich hierf{\"u}r ein alternativer, spezifisch europ{\"a}ischer Weg der Digitalisierung herausbilden kann.}, language = {de} } @misc{BarthGossenLangetal.2023, author = {Barth, Matthias and Gossen, Maike and Lang, Daniel J. and Santarius, Tilman}, title = {Sustainable digitalization - fostering the twin transformation in a transdisciplinary way}, series = {GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society}, volume = {Volume 32}, journal = {GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society}, number = {Supplement 1}, publisher = {oekom verlag}, issn = {2625-5413}, doi = {10.14512/gaia.32.S1.3}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-4058}, pages = {6 -- 9}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Can digitalization be designed in such a way that it does not harm the environment or promote unsustainable lifestyles? Can it even promote a green transformation? The authors of this GAIA special issue discuss how stakeholder engagement and transdisciplinary approaches can help address digitalization and sustainability in an integrated way. The special issue deepens insights into the state of knowledge on sustainable digitalization in both scientific and political discourses.}, language = {en} } @article{UllahSaqibKaechele2022, author = {Ullah, Ayat and Saqib, Shahab E. and K{\"a}chele, Harald}, title = {Determinants of Farmers' Awareness and Adoption of Extension Recommended Wheat Varieties in the Rainfed Areas of Pakistan}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {14}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su14063194}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3496}, pages = {18}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Scientific evidence suggests that there is room for eradicating poverty and hunger by increasing food production through the adoption of modern agricultural practices by farmers. This study aimed, first, to explore the relationship between the farmers' awareness and adoption of improved wheat varieties. Second, it aimed to find the key factors that govern the farmers' awareness and adoption of extension-recommended innovations in the rainfed cropping system of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were collected from 395 respondents. A binary logit model was used to analyze the effect of the farmers' socioeconomic and farm-specific characteristics on their awareness and adoption of the extension-suggested wheat varieties. Moreover, qualitative data from 40 key informants were collected for in-depth analysis. The results show a strong association between the farmers' awareness of a technology (improved wheat varieties) and its adoption. The results of the logit model show that their extension contacts, income from agriculture, and access to credit positively affected the farmers' awareness, whereas their education and household sizes negatively affected their awareness. Moreover, the factors that positively influenced the farmers' decision to adopt the technology included the extension contact, the confidence in the extension, the risk-bearing attitude, and the credit access, whereas the household size and education negatively affected it. The results of the key informant interviews reveal that the high incidence of poverty, the low soil fertility, the farmers' inability to make effective decisions, the lack of accurate weather predictability in the rainfed farming system, the lack of government interest, and the asymmetric information in the inputs markets contributed to the farmers' low levels of awareness and to their poor adoption of improved agricultural technologies. These results indicate that any intervention aimed at the awareness and adoption by farmers of improved technologies, such as new wheat varieties, should recognize the heterogeneity in the farmers' socioeconomic and farm-specific characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{MissallWelpMehtaetal.2022, author = {Missall, Siegmund and Welp, Martin and Mehta, Kedar and Degembaeva, Nadira and Akmatov, Kuban and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried}, title = {In Search for the Optimal Forest Use Behaviour: Riparian Forest Use in Central Asia, Using the Example of Ak-Tal, Naryn, Kyrgyzstan}, series = {Forests}, volume = {13}, journal = {Forests}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1999-4907}, doi = {10.3390/f13081254}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3508}, pages = {19}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Riparian forests are rare and valuable ecosystems in Central Asia, both due to their significance for biodiversity and to their provision of vital ecosystem services to local residents. However, the actual forest use behaviour is under-researched, official figures may not be trustworthy, and the question of over-use is up in the air. This paper sets out to shed light on riparian forest use behaviour by local residents using the example of Ak-Tal Village upon the Naryn River in Kyrgyzstan: Which economic use patterns do they practice (focusing on fuel wood and pasture)? Which other ecosystem services do they recognise? Is there forest over-exploitation? To answer these questions, this study builds on local knowledge, by applying the methods of focus group discussions and a household survey. Results show an extreme discrepancy between official wood consumption figures (50-60 m3 p.a.) and figures based on household wood consumption (310-404 m3 p.a.). The forest also serves as an important winter pasture over the seven months between October and April (stocking density 0.61 livestock units/ha), but payments for these ecosystem services are low, with annually 40 KGS/ha. Local residents are aware of additional material and nonmaterial ecosystem services of the riparian forest. Opinions diverge upon the question if there is forest over-exploitation, potentially because different stakeholders have different concepts of an optimal forest status. Consequently, optimal forest use behaviour can only be defined by the local users themselves, e.g., in a future stakeholder dialogue.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MunkPfriem2022, author = {Munk, Christoph and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {Influence of residual oxygen content during thermal modification process on mass loss, brightness colour and dynamic Young´s modulus of Fagus sylvatica (L.)}, series = {18th Annual Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering, 21-22 September 2022, G{\"o}ttingen, Germany}, booktitle = {18th Annual Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering, 21-22 September 2022, G{\"o}ttingen, Germany}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3582}, pages = {1 -- 3}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The thermal modification of wood is considered to be an environmentally friendly and cost-effective treatment process, which has been able to establish itself in many areas of application due to its positive effect on a whole range of different material properties through a wide variety of process designs. In addition to heat transfer and pressure, closed and open systems differ primarily in the choice of treatment atmosphere mainly used to prevent combustion (Sandberg et al. 2021). Although many studies in recent years have investigated influencing process parameters such as temperature, pressure or treatment duration, there exists a knowledge gap regarding the influence of the treatment atmosphere or its behaviour during the treatment process (Candelier et al. 2016). Therefore, this study aims to analyse different oxygen-nitrogen concentrations in the treatment atmosphere at different residual oxygen levels during the process duration and their influence on different property parameters of Fagus sylvatica (L.).}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BenderMunkDamayetal.2022, author = {Bender, Tobias and Munk, Christoph and Damay, J{\´e}r{\´e}mie and Jousserand, Michael and G{\´e}rardin, Philippe and Pfriem, Alexander}, title = {The Effect of Thermal Treatment of Sycamore Maple (Acer Pseudoplatanus L.) prior to Impregnation with Furfuryl Alcohol, regarding Homogeneity and Swelling Behaviour}, series = {18th Annual Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering, 21-22 September 2022, G{\"o}ttingen, Germany}, booktitle = {18th Annual Meeting of the Northern European Network for Wood Science and Engineering, 21-22 September 2022, G{\"o}ttingen, Germany}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3597}, pages = {1 -- 1}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Impregnation of wood with certain chemical compounds is a well established method to improve its physical and mechanical properties. However, the result is often not quite homogeneous. This study examines the effect of two varying thermal treatments on the impregnability of sycamore maple (Acer Pseudoplatanus L.) with furfuryl alcohol (FA), and on the resulting Anti-Swelling-Efficiency (ASE).}, language = {en} } @techreport{GutsohnSelleneitKoenigetal.2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Gutsohn, Andrea and Selleneit, Tabea and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and N{\"o}lting, Benjamin}, title = {Solidarit{\"a}t und solidarisches Verhalten in der Corona-Pandemie: Ergebnisse aus dem "Logbuch der Ver{\"a}nderung"}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-360}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3609}, pages = {45}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die Corona-Pandemie hat zu zahlreichen gravierenden Ver{\"a}nderungen gef{\"u}hrt. Die Maßnahmen und Gesetze zur Eind{\"a}mmung der Pandemie betreffen das gesamte allt{\"a}gliche Leben der Menschen. Gerade zu Beginn der Pandemie wurde medial viel {\"u}ber Solidarit{\"a}t und gesellschaftlichen Zusammenhalt berichtet. In diesem Diskussionspapier wird genauer darauf eingegangen, welche Ver{\"a}nderungen im Handlungsfeld „F{\"u}rsorge und Betreuung" aufgrund der Pandemie ausgel{\"o}st wurden und welche R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse daraus auf Solidarit{\"a}t und solidarisches Verhalten gezogen werden k{\"o}nnen. Die Daten stammen aus dem b{\"u}rger- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschungsprojekt „Logbuch der Ver{\"a}nderungen" (LdV). Dabei handelt es sich um eine Online-Tagebuchstudie, welche durchgef{\"u}hrt wurde, um anhand der COVID-19-Krise gesellschaftlichen Wandel besser zu verstehen. In dem vorliegendem Diskussionspapier wird das Handlungsfeld „F{\"u}rsorge und Betreuung" mit 551 Logbucheintr{\"a}gen sowie die „Gesamtbewertung" mit knapp 800 Eintr{\"a}gen ausgewertet. Dabei beruht das Datenmaterial auf den ersten drei Erhebungsphasen zwischen M{\"a}rz und September 2020. Den theoretischen Rahmen bildet die Praxistheorie, welche nicht das Individuum, den Staat oder Unternehmen ins Zentrum der Betrachtung stellt, sondern soziale Praktiken verstanden als routinem{\"a}ßiges Alltagshandeln, welche in gesellschaftliche Strukturen eingebettet sind. Nach Auswertung des vielf{\"a}ltigen, qualitativen Datenmaterials konnten f{\"u}r das Handlungsfeld f{\"u}nf Praktiken identifiziert werden: 1) „Sich um andere k{\"u}mmern", 2) „Betreuung der eigenen Kinder zuhause", 3) „Bereitschaft, Hilfe zu geben", 4) „Erzwungener Verzicht auf Besuch" und 5) „Freiwilliger Verzicht auf Besuch". Nach Analyse der Praktiken mit Fokus auf die praxistheoretischen Elemente hat sich gezeigt, dass aufgrund der Pandemie neue materielle Elemente (z.B. Hilfsnetzwerke) entstanden sind, neue Kompetenzen entwickelt wurden (z.B. mehr R{\"u}cksicht auf die Bed{\"u}rfnisse anderer) und ver{\"a}nderte Sinnzuschreibungen entstanden sind (darunter eine gewisse Selbstverst{\"a}ndlichkeit von solidarischem Handeln). Es wurden solidarische Initiativen neu gegr{\"u}ndet oder ausgeweitet und das eigene Leben zum Schutz anderer eingeschr{\"a}nkt. Die Aus{\"u}bung solidarischen Verhaltens verbinden Logbuchschreiberinnen und Logbuchschreiber mit positiven Emotionen und einem hohen gesellschaftlichen Wert. Trotz allem wird sichtbar, dass solidarisches Verhalten an verschiedene Grenzen st{\"o}ßt, eine gewisse Polarisierung zwischen Egoismus und Solidarit{\"a}t vorhanden ist und teilweise soziale Ungleichheit und physische Distanz aufgrund der neuartigen Situation verst{\"a}rkt werden. Zusammenfassend l{\"a}sst sich beschreiben, dass die Erfahrung der gemeinsamen Verwundbarkeit und Verletzlichkeit ein wichtiger Impuls f{\"u}r solidarisches Verhalten ist. Dadurch kann die Resilienzf{\"a}higkeit innerhalb der Gesellschaft gegen{\"u}ber weiteren Krisen gest{\"a}rkt und eine (Nachhaltigkeits-)Transformation unterst{\"u}tzt werden.}, language = {de} } @article{HamidovHelming2020, author = {Hamidov, Ahmad and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Sustainability Considerations in Water-Energy-Food Nexus Research in Irrigated Agriculture}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {15}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su12156274}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3381}, pages = {20}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Irrigated agriculture is essential to satisfying the globally increasing demand for food and bio-based products. Yet, in water scarce regions, water-use for irrigation aggravates the competition for the use of water for other purposes, such as energy production, drinking water and sanitation. Solutions for sustainable food production through irrigated agriculture require a systemic approach to assess benefits and trade-offs across sectors. Here, the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus has become an important concept in natural resource management. It has been conceptualized to analyze linkages and trade-offs between the three sectors, across temporal and spatial scales. However, the concept has so far mainly been conceptual, with little empirical evidence or proof of concept in real world cases. The objective of this paper was to take stock of the rapidly advancing literature on the WEF nexus in irrigated agriculture, and to analyze how the concept was actually implemented in research studies, and how the nexus between water, food and energy was actually dealt with. The study period ranges from 2011 to 2019, and includes 194 articles. Results showed that the WEF nexus is indeed very relevant in irrigated agriculture, and the respective literature makes up one third of all WEF nexus papers. Modeling and empirical research have caught up with conceptual synthesis studies during the last four years, thereby indicating that the WEF nexus concept is indeed increasingly operationalized. However, most studies addressed the WEF nexus from a perspective of either socioeconomic, technological or environmental categories, and they place one of the dimensions of water, food or energy into the foreground. To address sustainable development, there is a need to fully integrate across research disciplines and thematic dimensions. Such studies are only starting to emerge. These findings are an important evidence-base for future WEF nexus research on irrigated agriculture, in support of sustainable solutions for water scarce regions, especially in settings undergoing transformations.}, language = {en} } @article{MacPhersonPaulHelming2020, author = {MacPherson, Joseph and Paul, Carsten and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Linking Ecosystem Services and the SDGs to Farm-Level Assessment Tools and Models}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {12}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {16}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su12166617}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3395}, pages = {19}, year = {2020}, abstract = {A number of tools and models have been developed to assess farm-level sustainability. However, it is unclear how well they potentially incorporate ecosystem services (ES), or how they may contribute to attaining the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Understanding how farm-level assessment tools and models converge on these new paradigms of sustainability is important for drawing comparison on sustainability performances of farming systems, conducting meta-analyses and upscaling local responses to global driving forces. In this study, a coverage analysis was performed for several farm-level sustainability assessment (SA) tools (SAFA, RISE, KSNL, DLG) and models (MODAM, MONICA, APSIM), in regard to their potential for incorporating ES and contribution to attaining the SDGs. Lists of agricultural-relevant CICES classes and SDG targets were compiled and matched against the indicators of the tools and models. The results showed that SAFA possessed the most comprehensive coverage of ES and SDGs, followed by RISE and KSNL. In comparison to models, SA tools were observed to have a higher degree of potential for covering ES and SDGs, which was attributed to larger and broader indicators sets. However, this study also suggested that, overall, current tools and models do not sufficiently articulate the concept of ecosystem services.}, language = {en} } @article{VasićPaulStraussetal.2020, author = {Vasić, Filip and Paul, Carsten and Strauss, Veronika and Helming, Katharina}, title = {Ecosystem Services of Kettle Holes in Agricultural Landscapes}, series = {Agronomy}, volume = {10}, journal = {Agronomy}, number = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2073-4395}, doi = {10.3390/agronomy10091326}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3407}, pages = {22}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Kettle holes are small water bodies of glacial origin which mostly occur in agricultural landscapes. They provide numerous ecosystem services (ES), but their supply may be negatively affected by agricultural management. We conducted a literature review to identify which ES are supplied by kettle holes and to analyze feedbacks with agricultural management. Taking Germany as a test case, we also analyzed how kettle holes are addressed in policy documents and for which ES they are regulated. This was done to identify the societal value officially associated with kettle holes. The literature review found eight ES attributed to kettle holes, of which hydrological cycle and flood control, chemical condition of freshwaters, nursery populations and habitats and biotic remediation of wastes were addressed most often. In contrast, only the provision of habitat service was addressed in German policy documents related to kettle holes. We identified types of agricultural management that negatively affected the supply of ES by kettle holes, in particular artificial drainage, high levels of pesticide and fertilizer application, and management where tillage and erosion result in elevated sediment inputs. Additionally, climate change may lead to an increased drying up of kettle holes. Based on our finding, we conclude that the intensity of agricultural management around kettle holes threatens the supply of all ES while only the service of providing habitats for biodiversity is addressed in German policy regulations. Further regulation is required to induce agricultural management change towards a conservation of all ES supplied by kettle holes.}, language = {en} } @article{UllahMahmoodZebetal.2020, author = {Ullah, Ayat and Mahmood, Nasir and Zeb, Alam and K{\"a}chele, Harald}, title = {Factors Determining Farmers' Access to and Sources of Credit: Evidence from the Rain-Fed Zone of Pakistan}, series = {Agriculture}, volume = {10}, journal = {Agriculture}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2077-0472}, doi = {10.3390/agriculture10120586}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3419}, pages = {13}, year = {2020}, abstract = {This study investigates the factors that affect farmers' access to agricultural credit and its role in adopting improved agricultural technologies in the rain-fed zone of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Using logistic models, we assess and compare the relative role of farmers' socioeconomic attributes in their access to credit and adoption strategies. The results indicate a moderate positive association between farmers' access to agricultural credit and their adoption of improved agricultural technologies. The binary logit model's results indicate that farmers with a large-sized farm, high farm income, better access to information, and large physical asset ownership showed a positive influence on credit access. However, farming experience showed a negative effect on farmers' access to agricultural credit. Regarding farmers' credit sources, this study found that asset-rich farmers with more farming experience and better access to information relied more on banks than on input providers and informal credit sources. Similarly, older farmers with more education, larger farm sizes and high farm income were more likely to have borrowed from input providers than banks. We conclude that the role of the effective provision of information on credit and agricultural technology is imperative and requires separate policies that are specifically aimed at different groups of farmers with different socioeconomic and farm-related characteristics.}, language = {en} } @article{RussRiekWessolek2021, author = {Russ, Alexander and Riek, Winfried and Wessolek, Gerd}, title = {Three-Dimensional Mapping of Forest Soil Carbon Stocks Using SCORPAN Modelling and Relative Depth Gradients in the North-Eastern Lowlands of Germany}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app11020714}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3427}, pages = {28}, year = {2021}, abstract = {To cope with the challenges in forest management that are contemporarily caused by climate change, data on current chemical and physical soil properties are more and more necessary. For this purpose, we present a further amalgam of depth functions and SCORPAN modelling to provide data at arbitrary depth layers. In this concept, regionalisation is split up into the modelling of plot totals and the estimation of vertical distributions. The intended benefits by splitting up are: consistency between estimates on plot level and depth layer level, avoidance of artificial depth gradients, straightforward interpretation of covariates in the sense of pedogenetic processes, and circumnavigation of the propagation of uncertainties associated with separation between horizons during field sampling. The methodology was tailored to the circumstances within the north-eastern lowlands and the utilisation of current inventory data of the National Forest Soil Inventory (NFSI) in Brandenburg (Germany). Using the regionalisation of soil organic carbon (SOC) as an example, the application is demonstrated and discussed in detail. The depth to groundwater table and terrain parameters related to the catchment area were the main factors in SOC storage. The use of kriging did not improve the model performance. The relative depth gradients of SOC were especially distinguished by tree species composition and stand age. We suppose that interesting fields of application may be found in scenario-based modelling of SOC and when SOC serves as a basis for hydrological modelling.}, language = {en} } @article{RiekRussMarx2021, author = {Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander and Marx, Marc}, title = {Concentrations of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants in Forest Soils as an Archive of Anthropogenic Inputs in the State of Brandenburg, Germany}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app11031189}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3430}, pages = {22}, year = {2021}, abstract = {An important component of the National Forest Soils Inventory (NFSI) is the investigation of inorganic and organic pollutants. Forests are able to filter out large quantities of these substances from the atmosphere and incorporate them into the soil for a long time. The aim of this study was the integrative evaluation of organic and inorganic pollutant concentrations in forest soils in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. With the help of principle component analysis, the pollutant concentrations can essentially be explained by three significant environmental components, which explain 76\% of the total variance of all pollutants examined within the scope of the NFSI. The first component characterizes the extent of the atmospheric pollution caused by flue gases and fly ash from lignite combustion in the 1970s and 1980s and is mainly charged by the organic pollutants HCB and PAH, and the elements arsenic and chromium. This component shows positive relation to both spatially interpolated calcium-deposition data from the 1980s (as an indicator for the dust emission from coal combustion) and crown defoliation data of pine stands from the forest condition survey in the early 1990s. The depositions of zinc and cadmium from industrial sources, vehicle traffic and the use of fertilizers in agriculture mainly characterize the second principle component. The use of the pesticides DDT and lindane in the early 1980s and the associated pollutants input into the forest soils are expressed by the third component. In expanding the term archiving function of soils, the results illustrate their particular importance for the long-term archiving of anthropogenic inputs and the associated potential stress factors for forests.}, language = {en} } @article{BilandZebUllahetal.2021, author = {Biland, Mazhar and Zeb, Alam and Ullah, Ayat and K{\"a}chele, Harald}, title = {Why Do Households Depend on the Forest for Income? Analysis of Factors Influencing Households' Decision-Making Behaviors}, series = {Sustainability}, volume = {13}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {16}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {10.3390/su13169419}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3441}, pages = {17}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Using survey information of 150 randomly selected households across 21 villages of the forest-rich district of Swat, Pakistan, this study assessed households' decision-making behaviors in depending on income from nearby forested land using socio-economic attributes. The evidence from the study may aid in making the existing policies be better targeted toward families that depend on the forest for income. Descriptive statistics and econometric techniques such as logit and tobit were used to analyze the data. Respondent households obtained the highest share of their income from off-farm activities (37\%) and least from forest activities (16\%). Fuelwood constitutes the biggest share (66\%) of forest income, followed by medical plants (20\%) and fodder (13\%). We found that households with more physical assets, more family members working in off-farm jobs, and households earning more income from off-farm jobs were significantly and negatively associated with households' decision to depend on forest income and total income obtained. We also found that households with less distance to the market and membership to joint forest management committees (JFMCs) were significantly and negatively associated with households' total income obtained. However, household size was significantly and positively related to households' decision of forest dependency. The study recommends the creation of off-farm opportunities and inclusion of local people in the management of forests through establishment of JFMCs, particularly for large and poor families.}, language = {en} } @article{RoqueGoettertMacandzaetal.2021, author = {Roque, Dion{\´i}sio and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Macandza, Val{\´e}rio Ant{\´o}nio and Zeller, Ulrich}, title = {Assessing Distribution Patterns and the Relative Abundance of Reintroduced Large Herbivores in the Limpopo National Park, Mozambique}, series = {Diversity}, volume = {13}, journal = {Diversity}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {1424-2818}, doi = {10.3390/d13100456}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3454}, pages = {20}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This study is the first systematic assessment of large herbivore (LH) communities in Limpopo National Park (LNP) in Mozambique, an area where most LH species were extinct until the early 2000s. We investigate whether LH community parameters are linked with the availability of habitat types or the distance between sampling sites and the origin of LH resettlement. We placed camera traps in five habitat types in resettled and not-resettled areas to compare species richness, relative abundance index, grazers-browsers-mixed feeder and na{\"i}ve occupancy of 15 LH species. While the richness decreased along the distance gradient of LH resettlement, relative abundance index strongly responded to habitat features. The grazer-browser-mixed feeder ratio oscillated, while from resettled to not-resettled areas, the ratio increased. Most species show a wide distribution range. The associations of most LH community parameters with habitat types rather than distance to initial release, together with the species-specific and guild-specific response patterns of LH, suggest LNP to already be in an intermediate stage of restoration. Our results highlight the importance of post-release monitoring of reintroduced wildlife as a tool to assess the success of ecological restoration initiatives in transboundary conservation areas.}, language = {en} } @article{StarikGoettertZeller2021, author = {Starik, Nicole and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas and Zeller, Ulrich}, title = {Spatial Behavior and Habitat Use of Two Sympatric Bat Species}, series = {Animals}, volume = {11}, journal = {Animals}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-2615}, doi = {10.3390/ani11123460}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3465}, pages = {20}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Movement behavior and habitat use of the long-eared bat species Plecotus auritus and Plecotus austriacus were studied in the Havelland region in Brandenburg (Germany). Data collection included mist-netting, radiotelemetry, reconstruction of prey items, and monitoring of roosting sites. Body measurements confirm a high degree of phenotypic similarity between the two species. Total activity areas (100\% Minimum Convex Polygons, MCPS) of Plecotus austriacus (2828.3 ± 1269.43 ha) were up to five-fold larger compared to Plecotus auritus (544.54 ± 295.89 ha). The activity areas of Plecotus austriacus contained up to 11 distinct core areas, and their mean total size (149.7 ± 0.07 ha) was approximately three-fold larger compared to core areas of Plecotus auritus (49.2 ± 25.6 ha). The mean distance between consecutive fixes per night was 12.72 ± 3.7 km for Plecotus austriacus and 4.23 ± 2.8 km for Plecotus auritus. While Plecotus austriacus was located most frequently over pastures (>40\%) and meadows (>20\%), P. auritus was located mostly within deciduous (>50\%) and mixed forests (>30\%) in close vicinity to its roosts. Roost site monitoring indicates that the activity of P. austriacus is delayed relative to P. auritus in spring and declined earlier in autumn. These phenological differences are probably related to the species' respective diets. Levins' measure of trophic niche breadth suggests that the prey spectrum for P. auritus is more diverse during spring (B = 2.86) and autumn (B = 2.82) compared to P. austriacus (spring: B = 1.7; autumn: B = 2.1). Our results give reason to consider these interspecific ecological variations and species-specific requirements of P. auritus and P. austriacus to develop adapted and improved conservation measures.}, language = {en} } @misc{FranzkeCiulloGilmoreetal.2022, author = {Franzke, Christian L E and Ciullo, Alessio and Gilmore, Elisabeth A and Matias, Denise Margaret and Nagabhatla, Nidhi and Orlov, Anton and Paterson, Shona K and Scheffran, J{\"u}rgen and Sillmann, Jana}, title = {Perspectives on tipping points in integrated models of the natural and human Earth system: cascading effects and telecoupling}, series = {Environmental Research Letters}, volume = {17}, journal = {Environmental Research Letters}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publishing Ltd}, issn = {1748-9326}, doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/ac42fd}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3476}, pages = {12}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The Earth system and the human system are intrinsically linked. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions have led to the climate crisis, which is causing unprecedented extreme events and could trigger Earth system tipping elements. Physical and social forces can lead to tipping points and cascading effects via feedbacks and telecoupling, but the current generation of climate-economy models do not generally take account of these interactions and feedbacks. Here, we show the importance of the interplay between human societies and Earth systems in creating tipping points and cascading effects and the way they in turn affect sustainability and security. The lack of modeling of these links can lead to an underestimation of climate and societal risks as well as how societal tipping points can be harnessed to moderate physical impacts. This calls for the systematic development of models for a better integration and understanding of Earth and human systems at different spatial and temporal scales, specifically those that enable decision-making to reduce the likelihood of crossing local or global tipping points.}, language = {en} } @techreport{BroezelFreitag2022, author = {Br{\"o}zel, Claudia and Freitag, Lukas}, title = {Erkenntnisgewinn zur Verbesserung der Auffindbarkeit nachhaltiger Reiseangebote und glaubw{\"u}rdiger Kennzeichnungsformen aus Kundensicht - Mittels eines Design-Thinking-Workshops}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2672}, pages = {16}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Der Bericht zeigt den Erkenntnisgewinn aus einem Design-Thinking Workshop auf, in dessen Rahmen das Nachhaltigkeitsverst{\"a}ndnis aus Kundenperspektive, H{\"u}rden f{\"u}r die Buchung nachhaltiger Reiseangebote und die Resonanz zu unterschiedlichen Darstellungsformen nachhaltiger Angebote untersucht wurden. Schließlich erfolgt eine Analyse der Nutzerperspektive zu Kennzeichnungen und Priorisierung von Nachhaltigkeitskriterien anhand einer Scorecard.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Broezel2022, author = {Br{\"o}zel, Claudia}, title = {Impulse f{\"u}r eine gelingende Kooperation zur Verbesserung der Verf{\"u}gbarkeit glaubw{\"u}rdiger Informationen zu nachhaltigen Angeboten im Tourismus aus der Pespektive der Stakeholder und der Intention Behaviour Gap - Mittels einer systemischen Visualisierung}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2682}, pages = {8}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Im Rahmen der Dokumentation einer systemischen Aufstellung werden die Beziehungen zwischen den Elementen Plattformen und Zertifizierern sowie zwischen Anbietern in der touristischen Wertsch{\"o}pfungskette und der Intention-Behaviour-Gap visualisiert. Durch die dadurch sichtbar werdenden Bed{\"u}rfnisse, Risiken und Chancen lassen sich Rahmenbedingungen f{\"u}r gelingende Kooperationen ableiten.}, language = {de} } @techreport{Albers2021, author = {Albers, Franziska}, title = {Gemeinwohl-Orientierte Handlungsoptionen f{\"u}r den Brandenburger Tourismus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2711}, pages = {47}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Klimakrise, soziale Ungerechtigkeiten, ökonomische Abhängigkeiten, Corona Pandemie: F{\"u}r den Brandenburger Tourismus f{\"u}hrt kein Weg an den dringendsten Herausforderungen unserer Zeit vorbei. Die Tourismusbranche kann diese H{\"u}rden negativ verstärken oder einen positiven Beitrag leisten und helfen diese zu bewältigen. Die Gemeinwohl-Matrix der Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie (GWÖ) soll diesen Beitrag und die Gemeinwohlorientierung von Organisationen messbar machen und als Instrument dienen, sie in eine gemeinwohlorientierte Richtung zu lenken. Die GWÖ ist ein alternatives Wirtschaftsmodell, das auf den Grundwerten Menschenw{\"u}rde, Solidarität \& Gerechtigkeit, Ökologische Nachhaltigkeit sowie Transparenz \& Mitbestimmung basiert. Ein gutes Leben f{\"u}r alle auf einem gesunden Planeten beschreibt die Vision der GWÖ, denn alle (wirtschaftlichen) Tätigkeiten sollen dem Gemeinwohl nicht nur hier und heute, sondern {\"u}berall auf der Welt und k{\"u}nftigen Generationen dienen. Das Projekt bedient sich der Gemeinwohl-Matrix als Hilfsmittel, um die Akteur*innen des Brandenburger Tourismus, insbesondere die Mitglieder des Projektpartners Landestourismusverband Brandenburg e.V., f{\"u}r Gemeinwohl zu sensibilisieren und Handlungsoptionen zu entwickeln. Dazu wurden Gespräche in zwei Fokusgruppen mit insgesamt sechs Akteur*innen des Brandenburger Tourismus sowie zwei Expert*inneninterviews gef{\"u}hrt, um dann in Form von zwei Handb{\"u}chern Handlungsoptionen zu erarbeiten. Bereits während des Projekts konnten Agierende der Tourismusbranche auf die Werte der Gemeinwohl-Ökonomie sensibilisiert werden. Die Handb{\"u}cher bieten eine Grundlage, um allen Akteur*innen und explizit Destinationsmanagementorganisationen den Einstieg und weitere Schritte in einen gemeinwohlorientierten Tourismus zu erleichtern. Letztlich braucht es eine ganzheitliche Transformation auf politischer, gesellschaftlicher und wirtschaftlicher Ebene, um die Herausforderungen zu bewältigen. Alle Agierenden des Brandenburger Tourismus können dabei einen bedeutenden Beitrag leisten. Besonders die DMOs und Interessensvertretungen, wie der LTV, besitzen eine Vorbildfunktion und Strahlkraft in diverse Richtungen. Sowohl auf lokaler, regionaler und {\"u}berregionaler Ebene gilt es zu kooperieren und die Veränderung gemeinsam voranzubringen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{RooseNoeltingKoenigetal.2022, type = {Working Paper}, author = {Roose, Ilka and N{\"o}lting, Benjamin and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and Demele, Uwe and Crewett, Wibke and Georgiev, Georgi and G{\"o}ttert, Thomas}, title = {Nachhaltigkeitstransfer - Ein Konzept f{\"u}r Wissenschafts-Praxis-Kooperationen}, doi = {10.57741/opus4-272}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2721}, pages = {54}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die vorliegende explorative Studie verfolgt das Ziel, Nachhaltigkeitstransfer als spezifische Form des Transfers, insbesondere in den Bereichen Lehre und Forschung an der Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), empirisch zu erfassen und damit sichtbar zu machen. Hierzu wurde ein heuristisch abgeleitetes Konzept f{\"u}r den Nachhaltigkeitstransfer zugrunde gelegt. Die Studie verdeutlicht, dass Nachhaltigkeitstransfer in allen Funktionen und Bereichen der HNEE bereits stattfindet und dabei zu einem hohen Anteil von Lehrenden und Forschenden freiwillig initiiert wird. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine Vielfalt von Praxispartner*innen in Transferaktivit{\"a}ten involviert ist, was die gesellschaftliche Breite von nachhaltiger Entwicklung widerspiegelt. Sowohl in der Lehre als auch in der Forschung gibt es ein breites Spektrum an Formaten des Nachhaltigkeitstransfers mit unterschiedlichen Komplexit{\"a}tsgraden. Eine Barriere f{\"u}r Nachhaltigkeitstransfer scheint zu sein, dass er von vielen Beteiligten als eine zus{\"a}tzliche, zeit- und kostenintensive Aufgabe wahrgenommen wird, die zus{\"a}tzlich zur Kernt{\"a}tigkeit Lehre und/oder Forschung hinzukommt.}, language = {de} } @article{LoebjinskiRugPasternak2020, author = {Loebjinski, Maria and Rug, Wolfgang and Pasternak, Hartmut}, title = {The Influence of Improved Strength Grading In Situ on Modelling Timber Strength Properties}, series = {Buildings}, volume = {10}, journal = {Buildings}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2075-5309}, doi = {10.3390/buildings10020030}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2736}, pages = {15}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The management and preservation of structures in our built environment are central and challenging tasks for practicing engineers. Within the CEN member states (European Committee for Standardization), the so-called Eurocodes form the basis of the design and verification of the load-bearing capacity of structures. Current Eurocodes do not contain special recommendations for existing structures, meaning that the principles for new structures are applied. This can lead to an incorrect estimation of the load-bearing capacity within the semi-probabilistic safety concept. A central task within the investigation and evaluation of existing structures is the strength grading of the material in situ using non-/semi-destructive technical devices. Studies show the potential of the ultrasonic time-of-flight measurement in combination with visual evaluation for an improved grading. The information on the material from an improved grading technique can be used to update the material parameters as a target variable using a measured reference variable. In this contribution, test data from a partner project (spruce, pine, and oak) are analyzed, applying the stochastic grading model of P{\"o}hlmann and Rackwitz. It can be shown that different grading techniques influence the updated distribution function of the material strength within the grade. The results depend on the timber species. Perspectives to develop updated models dependent on the knowledge available are shown and discussed.}, language = {en} }