@article{ZicheRiekRussetal.2021, author = {Ziche, Daniel and Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander and Hentschel, Rainer and Martin, Jan}, title = {Water Budgets of Managed Forests in Northeast Germany under Climate Change - Results from a Model Study on Forest Monitoring Sites}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app11052403}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-2470}, pages = {18}, year = {2021}, abstract = {To develop measures to reduce the vulnerability of forests to drought, it is necessary to estimate specific water balances in sites and to estimate their development with climate change scenarios. We quantified the water balance of seven forest monitoring sites in northeast Germany for the historical time period 1961-2019, and for climate change projections for the time period 2010-2100. We used the LWF-BROOK90 hydrological model forced with historical data, and bias-adjusted data from two models of the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) downscaled with regional climate models under the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 2.6 and 8.5. Site-specific monitoring data were used to give a realistic model input and to calibrate and validate the model. The results revealed significant trends (evapotranspiration, dry days (actual/potential transpiration < 0.7)) toward drier conditions within the historical time period and demonstrate the extreme conditions of 2018 and 2019. Under RCP8.5, both models simulate an increase in evapotranspiration and dry days. The response of precipitation to climate change is ambiguous, with increasing precipitation with one model. Under RCP2.6, both models do not reveal an increase in drought in 2071-2100 compared to 1990-2019. The current temperature increase fits RCP8.5 simulations, suggesting that this scenario is more realistic than RCP2.6}, language = {en} } @article{RussRiekWessolek2021, author = {Russ, Alexander and Riek, Winfried and Wessolek, Gerd}, title = {Three-Dimensional Mapping of Forest Soil Carbon Stocks Using SCORPAN Modelling and Relative Depth Gradients in the North-Eastern Lowlands of Germany}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app11020714}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3427}, pages = {28}, year = {2021}, abstract = {To cope with the challenges in forest management that are contemporarily caused by climate change, data on current chemical and physical soil properties are more and more necessary. For this purpose, we present a further amalgam of depth functions and SCORPAN modelling to provide data at arbitrary depth layers. In this concept, regionalisation is split up into the modelling of plot totals and the estimation of vertical distributions. The intended benefits by splitting up are: consistency between estimates on plot level and depth layer level, avoidance of artificial depth gradients, straightforward interpretation of covariates in the sense of pedogenetic processes, and circumnavigation of the propagation of uncertainties associated with separation between horizons during field sampling. The methodology was tailored to the circumstances within the north-eastern lowlands and the utilisation of current inventory data of the National Forest Soil Inventory (NFSI) in Brandenburg (Germany). Using the regionalisation of soil organic carbon (SOC) as an example, the application is demonstrated and discussed in detail. The depth to groundwater table and terrain parameters related to the catchment area were the main factors in SOC storage. The use of kriging did not improve the model performance. The relative depth gradients of SOC were especially distinguished by tree species composition and stand age. We suppose that interesting fields of application may be found in scenario-based modelling of SOC and when SOC serves as a basis for hydrological modelling.}, language = {en} } @article{RiekRussMarx2021, author = {Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander and Marx, Marc}, title = {Concentrations of Inorganic and Organic Pollutants in Forest Soils as an Archive of Anthropogenic Inputs in the State of Brandenburg, Germany}, series = {Applied Sciences}, volume = {11}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {10.3390/app11031189}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-3430}, pages = {22}, year = {2021}, abstract = {An important component of the National Forest Soils Inventory (NFSI) is the investigation of inorganic and organic pollutants. Forests are able to filter out large quantities of these substances from the atmosphere and incorporate them into the soil for a long time. The aim of this study was the integrative evaluation of organic and inorganic pollutant concentrations in forest soils in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. With the help of principle component analysis, the pollutant concentrations can essentially be explained by three significant environmental components, which explain 76\% of the total variance of all pollutants examined within the scope of the NFSI. The first component characterizes the extent of the atmospheric pollution caused by flue gases and fly ash from lignite combustion in the 1970s and 1980s and is mainly charged by the organic pollutants HCB and PAH, and the elements arsenic and chromium. This component shows positive relation to both spatially interpolated calcium-deposition data from the 1980s (as an indicator for the dust emission from coal combustion) and crown defoliation data of pine stands from the forest condition survey in the early 1990s. The depositions of zinc and cadmium from industrial sources, vehicle traffic and the use of fertilizers in agriculture mainly characterize the second principle component. The use of the pesticides DDT and lindane in the early 1980s and the associated pollutants input into the forest soils are expressed by the third component. In expanding the term archiving function of soils, the results illustrate their particular importance for the long-term archiving of anthropogenic inputs and the associated potential stress factors for forests.}, language = {en} } @incollection{RiekRussZicheetal.2021, author = {Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander and Ziche, Daniel and Hentschel, Rainer and Brini, Andrea}, title = {Prognose zur Entwicklung der Rot-Buche unter ver{\"a}nderten Wasserhaushaltsbedingungen}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5276}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, pages = {104 -- 128}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{RussRiekWessolek2021, author = {Russ, Alexander and Riek, Winfried and Wessolek, Gerd}, title = {Mapping of soil carbon stocks using scorpan modelling and relative depth gradients}, series = {Pedometrics in an uncertain time and world}, booktitle = {Pedometrics in an uncertain time and world}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.19056.99845}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5286}, pages = {1}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Nowadays regional data on forest soil properties are increasingly demanded for various questions concerning forest management practices like tree species selection, liming, harvest intensity or the detection of risk areas. Thus data related to climate change and its site specific drought effects on one hand and current soil nutrient status on the other is especially required to support decision making. Besides soil texture, soil organic carbon is one of the most important key factors controlling soil nutrient status (eg. cation-exchange capacity) and soil water storage (e.g. field capacity) in the glacial deposits of north eastern lowlands. In contrast to soil texture, which can be considered as stable over periods relevant to practical forest management, for mapping soil organic carbon and its distribution throughout the soil profile a more dynamic regionalization approach considering contemporary measurements is needed. For this purpose, data on contemporary soil organic carbon stocks is taken from the second National Forest Soil Inventory and additional regional sampling points in Brandenburg (Germany). Potential covariates representing the soil forming factors: parent material, organisms (vegetation), age, relief and climate are obtained with high spatial resolution from forest site mapping, forest inventory, digital terrain analysis and climate models. The proposed regionalization approach captures the concepts of SCORPAN modelling and depth functions. While for estimation of carbon stocks in the entire soil solum stepwise regression analysis and geostatistical techniques are involved, the methodology to derive and map relative depth functions is based on cluster analysis and classification tree approach. The intended benefits by splitting regionalisation into plot level and relative vertical depth gradients are to ensure consistency of solum stocks and single soil depths and to avoid the construction of artificial depth gradients. Furthermore, the procedure allows a straightforward interpretation of covariates in the sense of pedogenetic processes, which: (a) supports variable selection and exclusion of spurious covariates during model development and (b) may provide direct decision support regarding environmental and management effects on soil organic carbon. The obtained statistical models contain covariates related to all five soil forming factors. But, the conducted analyses especially point towards high influences of depth to groundwater table and mean slope of catchment area on soil organic carbon storage. Invoking geostatistical techniques shows no remaining variation, to be explained by spatial position and thus don't improve overall model performance. Cluster analysis of relative depth gradients results in five Clusters of acceptable heterogeneity. The highest differences between the clusters are observed across the portions of carbon stored in the forest floor. Relative depth gradients are especially distinguished by tree species composition and stand age.}, language = {en} } @book{RiekRuss2020, author = {Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander}, title = {Zustand der Waldb{\"o}den im Land Brandenburg : Praxisempfehlungen f{\"u}r die nachhaltige und bodenpflegliche Bewirtschaftung der W{\"a}lder}, editor = {Ministerium f{\"u}r Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und Klimaschutz des Landes Brandenburg; Landesbetrieb Forst Brandenburg,}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5294}, publisher = {Hochschule f{\"u}r nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde}, pages = {38}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{JochheimLuettschwagerRiek2022, author = {Jochheim, Hubert and L{\"u}ttschwager, Dietmar and Riek, Winfried}, title = {Stem distance as an explanatory variable for the spatial distribution and chemical conditions of stand precipitation and soil solution under beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) trees}, series = {Journal of Hydrology}, journal = {Journal of Hydrology}, number = {608}, publisher = {Elsevier}, issn = {0022-1694}, doi = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127629}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5306}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The partitioning of bulk precipitation (PR) in forest ecosystems and its chemical composition depends on both meteorological factors, such as precipitation amount and intensity, evaporation rate, and wind speed, and stand structural factors, such as stand density, canopy structure, bark texture, and spatiotemporal distribution and density of foliage. We analysed fluxes of water and element contained therein of a mature European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest stand on sandy soils in northeastern Germany. We applied a radially symmetrical setup within a stem distance gradient to measure stand precipitation (SP) with its components of throughfall (TF) and stemflow (SF), as well as to measure soil moisture, the chemical composition of the soil solution, the soil chemistry, and the fine root distribution. The chemical analysis of the constituents covered the macroelements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Al, Fe, Mn, Si, S, P), the cations and anions NH4+, NO3-, Cl-, SO42-, and a few heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn). With an average PR of 620 mm a-1, the partitioning resulted in 79\% TF, 6\% SF, and 15\% canopy interception. TF volume increased with distance to stem during summer, but decreased during winter. Clear spatial gradients with increasing concentrations from PR, to different classes of TF as the distance from the trunk decreased, to SF were observed for nearly all elements. The contact of precipitation with leaves and the canopy structures alters the chemical composition of TF and SF by transferring elements from dry deposition or leaching of intracellular materials from the canopy and leads to the input of larger amounts of macroelements and heavy metals with the SP into the soil. Spatial patterns of canopy structures thus affect the spatial variation of TF and its constituents, which also affects the spatial distribution of roots and, at least in phases, the chemical composition of the topsoil solution.}, language = {en} } @misc{ZicheGruenebergRieketal.2022, author = {Ziche, Daniel and Gr{\"u}neberg, Erik and Riek, Winfried and Wellbrock, Nicole}, title = {Vergleich der Daten der LUCAS 2015-Inventur und der zweiten Bodenzustandserhebung im Wald : Untersuchungen zur Vergleichbarkeit und Repr{\"a}sentanz zweier bodenkundlicher Inventuren in Deutschland}, series = {Th{\"u}nen Report; 94}, journal = {Th{\"u}nen Report; 94}, editor = {Johann Heinrich von Th{\"u}nen-Institut,}, publisher = {Th{\"u}nen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut f{\"u}r L{\"a}ndliche R{\"a}ume, Wald und Fischerei}, isbn = {978-3-86576-239-9}, issn = {2196-2324}, doi = {10.3220/REP1651759791000}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5314}, pages = {62}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Die Produktivit{\"a}t von Wald{\"o}kosystemen wird durch die Bereitstellung von N{\"a}hrstoffen und Wasser gew{\"a}hrleistet. Somit ist das Wissen {\"u}ber die chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften der B{\"o}den essentiell sowohl zur Beurteilung des Bodenzustands als auch der G{\"u}te des Waldstandorts. Hierf{\"u}r k{\"o}nnen Daten aus zwei bundesweiten Bodenzustandserhebung im Wald (BZE-Wald) von {\"u}ber 1.800 Probepunkten eines 8 x 8 km-Grundrasters herangezogen werden. Die Erhebungen fanden zwischen 1986 bis 1994 (BZE I-Wald) und 2006 bis 2008 (BZE II-Wald) nach einheitlichem Aufnahmeverfahren statt. Das LUCAS-Projekts zielt auf die Erstellung eines harmonisierten Datensatz zur Landbedeckung und Landnutzung innerhalb der Europ{\"a}ischen Union (EU). Das Europ{\"a}ische Datenzentrum (ESDAC) stellt 265.000 georeferenzierte Punkte auf einem 2 x 2 km-Raster bereit, die jeweils in den Jahren 2009 und 2015 an 10 \% der Punkte am gleichen Standort beprobt wurden. Angesichts von zwei parallellaufender Bodeninventuren stellt sich die Frage einer potentiellen Verkn{\"u}pfung miteinander. In dieser Studie werden die LUCAS-Bodendaten der Inventur des Jahres 2015 mit den entsprechenden bundesweiten BZE-Daten verglichen und auf ihre Repr{\"a}sentativit{\"a}t {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Um eine fl{\"a}chengewichtete Hochrechnung f{\"u}r Deutschland zu erm{\"o}glichen, erfolgte eine Zordnung der Inventurpunkte des LUCAS-Programms anhand ihrer Koordinaten zu den bei der bundesweiten BZE-Auswertung verwendeten 16 BZE-Substratklassen. Alle Klassen wurden hinsichtlich signifikanter und systematischer Unterschiede zwischen beiden Inventuren {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Dar{\"u}ber hinaus wurden die BZE-Daten dahingehend evaluiert, inwieweit die ausschließlich im LUCAS Programm verwendete Tiefenstufe 0-20 cm im Vergleich zum Mineralboden bis in 90 cm Tiefe und der Humusauflage bei der Berechnung von Vorr{\"a}ten zukommt. Der Vergleich der bodenchemischen Kennwerte ergab deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Inventuren. Sowohl die pH(H2O)-Werte als auch die C/N-Verh{\"a}ltnisse waren bei LUCAS 2015 niedriger, die Konzentrationen von C und N jedoch h{\"o}her als bei der BZE II. Die Vorr{\"a}te an Kohlenstoff und Sticksoff weisen noch gr{\"o}ßere Abweichungen gegen{\"u}ber der BZE II aufgrund der Unsicherheiten bei der Ableitung von Trockenrohdichten aus Kartenmaterial auf. Im Gegensatz dazu erfolgte durch die BZE II eine volumenbezogene Beprobung an fast allen Standorten. Eine Ableitung von Trockenrohdichten aus Kartenmaterial f{\"u}hrt bei der LUCAS-Inventur zu einer hohen Unsicherheit der Ergebnisse und zu einer {\"U}bersch{\"a}tzung von Vorrats{\"a}nderungen. Die h{\"o}heren Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffkonzentrationen bei der LUCAS-Inventur k{\"o}nnte an einer unzureichend genauen Trennung der organischen Auflage vom Mineralboden liegen, da dieser durch Bestandteile der Auflage aufkonzentriert w{\"u}rde. W{\"a}hrend der Erhebung der BZE-Wald wurde explizit auf die systematische Trennung beider Kompartimente geachtet. Weiterhin steht die Anzahl der beprobten LUCAS-Waldpunkte im Missverh{\"a}ltnis zur Waldfl{\"a}che, da in Nord- und S{\"u}ddeutschland zu wenig Probepunkte vorkamen. Allerdings sind die Waldanteile der LUCAS-Gesamtinventur mit denen der dritten Bundeswaldinventur vergleichbar. Die Stichprobengr{\"o}ße von LUCAS 2015 umfasst etwa 25 \% der BZE II-Stichprobe. Hierdurch sind einige Substrattypen nur unzureichend belegt, weshalb zum einen wesentliche Bodeneigenschaften unber{\"u}cksichtigt blieben und andererseits eine fl{\"a}chengewichtete Hochrechnung erschwert werden w{\"u}rde. Infolge der geringeren Stichprobe weichen die bodenchemischen Kennwerte der einzelnen Substratgruppen zwischen den Messnetzen ab. Außerdem erh{\"o}hen sich die Unsicherheiten durch die Reduzierung der Stichprobe. Somit ließen sich Bodenver{\"a}nderungen bei einer Wiederholungsinventur schwerer detektieren. Die Daten aus den Bodeninventuren sind f{\"u}r die Treibhausgasberichterstattung relevant, da Kohlenstoffvorr{\"a}ten f{\"u}r die organische Auflage und f{\"u}r den Mineralboden bis zu einer Tiefe von mindestens 30 cm zu berichten sind. Im Mittel werden nach den Daten der BZE II 16 \% des bis 90 cm Tiefe vorkommenden Kohlenstoffs in der Auflage gespeichert, wobei diese mit der LUCAS-Inventur nicht beprobt wurde. Der in der organischen Auflage gebundene Kohlenstoff ist vulnerabel gegen{\"u}ber Klima- und Umwelteinfl{\"u}ssen, so dass eine Auswertung diesbez{\"u}glich nicht m{\"o}glich ist. Weiterhin wurde bei LUCAS 2015 nur die oberen 20 cm des Mineralbodens beprobt und damit lediglich 42 \% des bei der BZE II abgesch{\"a}tzten Kohlenstoffs erfasst. Durch das Fehlen der Auflage und die geringere Tiefe sind die Daten aus LUCAS 2015 nur eingeschr{\"a}nkt f{\"u}r die Treibhausgasberichterstattung nutzbar. Aufgrund einer geringeren Repr{\"a}sentativit{\"a}t sowie gr{\"o}ßeren Unsicherheiten und Diskrepanzen von LUCAS 2015 gegen{\"u}ber der BZE im Wald w{\"u}rde eine Vereinigung beider Datens{\"a}tze keine zus{\"a}tzlichen Synergien erzeugen.}, language = {de} } @misc{BenningPetzoldDanigeletal.2019, author = {Benning, Raphael and Petzold, Rainer and Danigel, Johanna and Mayer, Simon and Profft, Ingolf and Steinicke, Christian and Hafner, Silke and Ahrends, Bernd and Heinz, Franziska and Puhlmann, Heike and von Wilpert, Klaus and Amberger, Hagen and Gauer, J{\"u}rgen and Pieper, Andreas and Wirner, Michael and Wallor, Evelyn and Riek, Winfried and Janott, Michael and K{\"o}lling, Christian and Mette, Tobias}, title = {BWI 2012 Umweltdatenbank Bodenprofile}, series = {BWI 2012 Umweltdatenbank}, journal = {BWI 2012 Umweltdatenbank}, publisher = {Open Agrar Repositorium}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, organization = {Th{\"u}nen-Institut, Institut f{\"u}r Wald{\"o}kosysteme}, doi = {10.3220/DATA20190625100522}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-6427}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Ziel des Moduls Bodenprofile im Projekt WP-KS-KW (Waldproduktivit{\"a}t - Klimawandel - Kohlenstoffspeicherung) war es, f{\"u}r 26.450 Punkte der deutschen Bundeswaldinventur (BWI) Bodenleitprofile mit boden-physikalischen Grundlagendaten zu erstellen. Die Grundlage der Ableitung der Standorts- und Bodeninformationen bildeten die in den Bundesl{\"a}ndern zur Verf{\"u}gung stehenden Informationen aus der Standorts- und Bodenkartierung. Um den oft historisch gewachsenen Feinheiten der einzelnen Kartierungsverfahren gerecht zu werden, wurden Standorts- und Bodenkundler aus jedem Bundesland in das Projekt eingebunden. F{\"u}r 26.450 Traktecken wurden Standorts- und Leitprofildaten nach einheitlichen Vorgaben erhoben und in der Datenbank zusammengef{\"u}hrt. Das Parameterspektrum umfasst im Wesentlichen: (1) Standortseinheit mit Bodentyp, Wasserhaushalts-/ N{\"a}hrstoffansprache, Kalkung, (2) Leitprofil mit obligatorischen Horizontangaben zu Bodenart, Skelett, Trockenrohdichte (TRD), nutzbare Feldkapazit{\"a}t (nFK), (3) Leitprofil mit fakultativen Horizontangaben zu Basens{\"a}ttigung, organischer Kohlenstoffgehalt (Corg), Entkalkungstiefe, (4) Quellen- und Qualit{\"a}tsschl{\"u}ssel zu allen Parametern. Die Standortseinheit liegt f{\"u}r 25.069 (95 \%) Traktecken vor, das Leitprofil f{\"u}r 24.735 (93.5 \%).}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{RiekRussGruell2020, author = {Riek, Winfried and Russ, Alexander and Gr{\"u}ll, Martin}, title = {Zur Absch{\"a}tzung des stand{\"o}rtlichen Anbaurisikos von Baumarten im Klimawandel im nordostdeutschen Tiefland}, series = {Wald im Wandel - Risiken und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze : Tagungsband zum 15. Eberswalder Winterkolloquium 2020}, booktitle = {Wald im Wandel - Risiken und L{\"o}sungsans{\"a}tze : Tagungsband zum 15. Eberswalder Winterkolloquium 2020}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:eb1-opus-5811}, pages = {49 -- 71}, year = {2020}, language = {de} }