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Virtual Reality (VR) is an emerging tool that is effective in improving student engagement and learning outcomes in educational settings. Studies show that VR-based education can enhance motivation, critical thinking skills, and learning outcomes. However, further research is still needed to understand VR's impact on long-term memory retention and its effectiveness in education.
This thesis addresses the challenge of engaging students with complex subjects and improving their attention spans. The research has two main objectives: (1) to identify design principles that are essential for creating effective VR learning environments, and (2) to assess the impact of VR on student engagement, motivation, and knowledge retention. The study is focused on exploring how VR can be thoughtfully designed to enhance engagement, motivation, memorization, and understanding of complex educational concepts. A multi-faceted approach was taken to achieve this, including an online survey, expert interviews, and student interviews. The data collected from these sources was used to inform the development process, which involved creating personas and storyboards as a basis for a VR application developed in Unity for offline study. A total of 19 participants were involved in usability testing, providing both qualitative and quantitative feedback.
The results of the study indicated that VR-based learning significantly improved memory retention and enhanced Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction (ARCS) when compared to traditional learning methods. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) revealed high acceptance and usability. The VR system was seen as a valuable educational supplement, motivating students and providing real-world examples through a "learning by doing" approach.
Keywords: Virtual Reality (VR) · Immersive Learning · Concept Memorization · Conceptual Understanding · Active Learner Participation · VR Learning Environment · Educational Simulations · Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) · STEM Education