TY - JOUR A1 - Gogoll, Jan A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Leviathan for sale BT - the fallacy of trusting in people instead of institutions JF - European Journal of Political Economy N2 - We experimentally test Hume’s hypothesis that people underappreciate the value of cooperation-enforcing institutions in impersonal interactions by relying on personal trust. Subjects played a game in groups of two or six. Each subject could defect at any time, leaving the others with zero payoff by unilaterally appropriating an amount of money that grew over a period of 5 ​minutes. All players received the maximum payoff only if nobody defected. Before the game, subjects could purchase a cooperation-enforcing institution. Their willingness to pay for this institution fell short of the loss caused by failed cooperation under institution-free play. This was even true for the best-off subject in an institution-free society. In the absence of learning, people indeed fell prey to the atavistic fallacy of trusting in people instead of institutions. Understanding this bias might help people in complex societies to acknowledge the value of institutions intellectually. UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101898 KW - institutions KW - problem of two worlds KW - artificial virtues KW - trust KW - impersonal interactions KW - experiment Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2020.101898 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-16350 SN - 0176-2680 VL - 2020 IS - 63 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - INPR A1 - Krügel, Sebastian A1 - Ostermaier, Andreas A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - The moral authority of ChatGPT N2 - ChatGPT is not only fun to chat with, but it also searches information, answers questions, and gives advice. With consistent moral advice, it might improve the moral judgment and decisions of users, who often hold contradictory moral beliefs. Unfortunately, ChatGPT turns out highly inconsistent as a moral advisor. Nonetheless, it influences users' moral judgment, we find in an experiment, even if they know they are advised by a chatting bot, and they underestimate how much they are influenced. Thus, ChatGPT threatens to corrupt rather than improves users' judgment. These findings raise the question of how to ensure the responsible use of ChatGPT and similar AI. Transparency is often touted but seems ineffective. We propose training to improve digital literacy. UR - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.07098 KW - AI KW - ChatGPT KW - ethics KW - moral dilemma Y1 - 2023 UR - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.07098 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-32085 PB - arXiv CY - Ithaca ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alfano, Mark A1 - Rusch, Hannes A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Ethics, morality, and game theory JF - Games N2 - Ethics is a field in which the gap between words and actions looms large. Game theory and the empirical methods it inspires look at behavior instead of the lip service people sometimes pay to norms. We believe that this special issue comprises several illustrations of the fruitful application of this approach to ethics. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/g9020020 KW - morals KW - ethics KW - strategic interaction KW - game theory KW - behavior KW - economics KW - philosophy Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/g9020020 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-16386 SN - 2073-4336 N1 - Editorial N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue "Ethics, Morality, and Game Theory" VL - 9 IS - 2 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ostermaier, Andreas A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Performance evaluation and creativity BT - balancing originality and usefulness JF - Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2020.101552 KW - creativity KW - innovation KW - performance evaluation KW - perspective-taking theory Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2020.101552 SN - 2214-8043 VL - 2020 IS - 86 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - INPR A1 - Krügel, Sebastian A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - The risk ethics of autonomous vehicles: a continuous trolley problem in regular road traffic N2 - Is the ethics of autonomous vehicles (AVs) restricted to weighing lives in unavoidable accidents? We argue that AVs distribute risks between road users in regular traffic situations, either explicitly or implicitly. This distribution of risks raises ethically relevant questions that cannot be evaded by simple heuristics such as "hitting the brakes." Using an interactive, graphical representation of different traffic situations, we measured participants' preferences on driving maneuvers of AVs in a representative survey in Germany. Our participants' preferences deviated significantly from mere collision avoidance. Interestingly, our participants were willing to take risks themselves for the benefit of other road users suggesting that the social dilemma of AVs may lessen in a context of risk. UR - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2206.03258 KW - continuous trolley problem KW - autonomous vehicles KW - risk ethics Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2206.03258 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-26795 PB - arXiv CY - Ithaca ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jauernig, Johanna A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Spite and preemptive retaliation after tournaments JF - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.12.001 KW - competition KW - tournaments KW - money burning KW - preemptive retaliation KW - spite KW - self-binding Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.12.001 SN - 1879-1751 SN - 0167-2681 VL - 2019 IS - 158 SP - 328 EP - 336 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Lütge, Christoph A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Business ethics BT - an economically informed perspective UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864776.001.0001 KW - Wirtschaftsethik Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864776.001.0001 SN - 978-0-19-263385-9 SN - 978-0-19-886477-6 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uhl, Matthias A1 - Lütge, Christoph T1 - Teaching Business Ethics with Experiments JF - Journal of Business Ethics Education UR - https://doi.org/10.5840/jbee20181510 KW - experiments KW - teaching KW - experimental learning KW - vignettes KW - incentives Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.5840/jbee20181510 SN - 2044-4559 VL - 15 SP - 203 EP - 217 PB - NeilsonJournals Publishing CY - Edinburgh ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gogoll, Jan A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Rage against the machine: Automation in the moral domain JF - Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2018.04.003 Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2018.04.003 SN - 2214-8043 N1 - Die Forschungsrohdaten zu diesem Artikel sind Open Access beim Originalartikel auf der Verlagsplattform verfügbar. VL - 2018 IS - 74 SP - 97 EP - 103 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Levati, Maria Vittoria A1 - Uhl, Matthias A1 - Zultan, Ro’i T1 - Imperfect recall and time inconsistencies: an experimental test of the absentminded driver “paradox” JF - International Journal of Game Theory UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00182-013-0373-y KW - Imperfect recall KW - Absentmindedness KW - Dynamic inconsistency KW - Experiment Y1 - 2013 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00182-013-0373-y SN - 1432-1270 VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 88 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kataria, Mitesh A1 - Levati, Maria Vittoria A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - Paternalism with hindsight: do protégés react consequentialistically to paternalism? JF - Social Choice and Welfare UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00355-014-0800-4 KW - Inequality Aversion KW - Strategy Method KW - Paternalistic Intervention KW - Experimental Currency Unit KW - Poker Machine Y1 - 2014 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00355-014-0800-4 SN - 1432-217X VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 731 EP - 746 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - INPR A1 - Rosbach, Emely A1 - Ammeling, Jonas A1 - Krügel, Sebastian A1 - Kießig, Angelika A1 - Fritz, Alexis A1 - Ganz, Jonathan A1 - Puget, Chloé A1 - Donovan, Taryn A1 - Klang, Andrea A1 - Köller, Maximilian C. A1 - Bolfa, Pompei A1 - Tecilla, Marco A1 - Denk, Daniela A1 - Kiupel, Matti A1 - Paraschou, Georgios A1 - Kok, Mun Keong A1 - Haake, Alexander F. H. A1 - de Krijger, Ronald R. A1 - Sonnen, Andreas F.-P. A1 - Kasantikul, Tanit A1 - Dorrestein, Gerry M. A1 - Smedley, Rebecca C. A1 - Stathonikos, Nikolas A1 - Uhl, Matthias A1 - Bertram, Christof A1 - Riener, Andreas A1 - Aubreville, Marc T1 - "When TwoWrongs Don’t Make a Right" - Examining Confirmation Bias and the Role of Time Pressure During Human-AI Collaboration in Computational Pathology UR - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.01007 Y1 - 2024 UR - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.01007 PB - arXiv CY - Ithaca ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Migrow, Dimitri A1 - Uhl, Matthias T1 - The Resolution Game: A Dual Selves Perspective JF - Games N2 - This article explains the emergence of an unique equilibrium resolution as the result of a compromise between two selves with different preferences. The stronger this difference is, the more generous the resolution gets. This result is in contrast to predictions of other models in which sinful consumption is distributed bimodally. Therefore, our result fits better with our daily observations concerning a lot of ambivalent goods where we often form nonrigid resolutions. The normative analysis uses the device of a hypothetical impartial self that regards both conflicting motives as equally legitimate. The result of this analysis is dilemmatic. It demonstrates that the resolution is broken too often to be welfare maximal. However, the introduction of external self-commitment devices results in their overuse and is welfare decreasing. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/g2040452 KW - dual selves KW - resolutions KW - self-control KW - impartiality Y1 - 2011 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/g2040452 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-37919 SN - 2073-4336 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 452 EP - 462 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER -