TY - JOUR A1 - Mehta, Kedar A1 - Ehrenwirth, Mathias A1 - Trinkl, Christoph A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - The energy situation in Central Asia BT - a comprehensive energy review focusing on rural areas JF - Energies N2 - The northern part of the globe is dominated by industrialisation and is well-developed. For many years, the southern part of the world (South Asia, Africa etc.) has been a target of research concentrating on access to energy (mainly electricity) in rural regions. However, the Central Asian region has not been a focus of energy research compared to South East Asia and Africa. Despite plentiful domestically available energy resources, the energy supply in Central Asia is very unevenly distributed between urban and rural areas. Almost half of the total population of Central Asia lives in rural areas and there is a lack of access to modern energy services to meet primary needs. To analyse the energy situation (i.e., electricity, heating, hot water consumption, cooking, etc.) in rural Central Asia, this paper reviews residential energy consumption trends in rural Central Asian regions as compared to urban areas. Furthermore, the paper illustrates the potential of renewable energies in Central Asia. To perform the study, a qualitative comparative analysis was conducted based on a literature review, data, and statistical information. In summary, the presented article discusses the rural energy situation analytically and provides in-depth insights of Central Asian energy infrastructure. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102805 KW - Central Asia KW - energy resources KW - rural energy supply KW - energy services KW - renewable energy Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102805 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-10908 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 14 IS - 10 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stark, Matthias A1 - Conti, Fosca A1 - Saidi, Abdessamad A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - Steam storage systems for flexible biomass CHP plants BT - evaluation and initial model based calculation JF - Biomass and Bioenergy UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.105321 KW - CHP KW - solid biomass KW - steam storage KW - high temperature storage KW - flexible power generation Y1 - 2019 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2019.105321 SN - 0961-9534 VL - 2019 IS - 128 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stark, Matthias A1 - Philipp, Matthias A1 - Saidi, Abdessamad A1 - Trinkl, Christoph A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - Design parameters of steam accumulators for the utilization in industrial solid biomass-fuelled CHP plants JF - Chemical Engineering Transactions UR - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1976137 Y1 - 2019 UR - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1976137 SN - 978-88-95608-73-0 SN - 2283-9216 VL - 2019 IS - 76 SP - 817 EP - 822 PB - AIDIC The Italian Association of Chemical Engineering CY - Milano ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mehta, Kedar A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - Residential Building Construction Techniques and the Potential for Energy Efficiency in Central Asia: Example from High-Altitude Rural Settlement in Kyrgyzstan JF - Energies N2 - Building construction in rural Kyrgyzstan is heavily dominated by earthen buildings. Old and inappropriate residential building structures contribute significantly to high domestic space heating energy consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the relevant building construction techniques. However, the scant information on Kyrgyz building techniques, especially for high-altitude rural settlements, was the prime motivation to perform the presented study. The key objective of the study is to investigate residential building construction techniques in high-altitude rural Kyrgyzstan, and this was to be achieved by house visits during field trips, literature review, and pilot interviews with local people. The analysis enabled the detailed identification of individual building envelopes as well as predominant building materials to be recorded. Based on the assessment, a housing profile was created that represents the typical characteristics of traditional rural Kyrgyz houses. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the potential for energy savings in rural Kyrgyz houses of 50–70%. However, local conditions prevent people from making improvements to all domestic energy efficiency parameters simultaneously. Therefore, the study developed a ‘sequential roadmap’ to reduce domestic space heating demand in different phases based on simulation studies. Existing low-income rural Kyrgyz habitations can use the presented roadmap to reduce domestic space heating demand sequentially to overcome financial barriers and, therefore, contribute to establishing sustainable buildings in Kyrgyzstan. These results may be partially replicated in other Central Asian rural communities depending on their location and building characteristics. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238869 KW - Central Asia KW - earthen high-altitude houses KW - building construction KW - vernacular buildings KW - energy efficiency KW - cold climate Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238869 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-29752 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 23 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stark, Matthias A1 - Trinkl, Christoph A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - Methodological Evaluation of Storage Systems for Flexible Power Generation from Solid Biomass JF - Chemical Engineering & Technology UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201800099 KW - biomass combustion plan KW - delphi survey KW - flexible power generation KW - solid biomass KW - steam storage Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201800099 SN - 1521-4125 N1 - Part of Special Issue "Bioenergy – Flexible and Integrated Into the Next Age" VL - 41 IS - 11 SP - 2168 EP - 2176 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Riess, Hermann A1 - Brandmayr, Sebastian A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - Analysis of the mechanical behaviour of an all-round fully adhesive supported absorber JF - Energy Procedia N2 - This paper discusses the mechanical behaviour of an all-round fully adhesive supported absorber. Previous research is discussed and compared to the author's own results collected using both laboratory tests and simulation. The influence of the finite-element approach (i.e. geometrically linear or non-linear) was compared. The thermal deformation of a hyperstatic absorber was investigated. The relationship between thermal expansion and pressure change in a gas-filled collector is discussed. UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.02.025 KW - Solar collector KW - Absorber KW - Thermal expansion KW - Deformation KW - Mechanical stress KW - Hyperstatic KW - Edge bond Y1 - 2014 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.02.025 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-23744 SN - 1876-6102 N1 - Part of special issue: "Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Solar Heating and Cooling for Buildings and Industry (SHC 2013)" VL - 2014 IS - 48 SP - 201 EP - 211 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Summ, Thorsten A1 - Ehrenwirth, Mathias A1 - Trinkl, Christoph A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Pischow, Kaj A1 - Greenough, Richard A1 - Oyinlola, Muyiwa T1 - Effect of argon concentration on thermal efficiency of gas-filled insulating glass flat-plate collectors JF - Applied Thermal Engineering N2 - Insulating glass flat-plate collectors can save cost by being produced quickly and automatically in insulated glass production facilities, and they can be filled with argon to reduce heat loss. During its lifetime, the collector is likely to lose argon because of gradual material degradation of the sealing. However, information on the influence of the argon concentration on the collector efficiency is limited. Therefore, the objective of this research work was to analyse this effect. A theoretical material property calculation of argon-air mixtures was carried out to determine the convective losses with variable argon concentrations. Thermal collector performance was measured experimentally using an outdoor solar tracker test rig. The results strongly suggest, that the influence of argon concentration on both the convective losses and the thermal efficiency is non-linear. The measurements revealed that an argon concentration of 90 % can increase average thermal performance by 6.7 ± 4.8 percentage points. An increase in argon concentration from 0 % to 50 % has almost twice the effect on average thermal efficiency as an increase from 50 % to 90 %. Concluding from these results, an argon leakage threshold of 2.5 percentage points per year is proposed to avoid disproportionate loss of efficiency over time. UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120657 KW - Insulating glass KW - Flat-plate collector KW - Argon KW - Gas concentration KW - Efficiency measurement KW - Convective heat transfer Y1 - 2023 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2023.120657 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-37875 SN - 1873-5606 SN - 1359-4311 VL - 2023 IS - 230, Part A PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mehta, Kedar A1 - Ehrenwirth, Mathias A1 - Zörner, Wilfried A1 - Greenough, Richard T1 - Need of energy transition at roof of the world BT - Correlative approach to interpret energy identity of high-altitude Central Asian communities JF - Energy for Sustainable Development UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2023.101271 Y1 - 2023 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2023.101271 SN - 2352-4669 SN - 0973-0826 VL - 2023 IS - 76 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER -