TY - JOUR A1 - Igiligi, Anthony A1 - Vielhauer, Armin A1 - Ehrenwirth, Mathias A1 - Hurm, Christian A1 - Summ, Thorsten A1 - Trinkl, Christoph A1 - Navarro Gevers, Daniel T1 - Assessment of Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks with Voltage Regulating Distribution Transformers JF - Energies N2 - The application of voltage reduction in medium and low voltage grids to reduce peak power demand or energy consumption has been implemented since the 1980s using several approaches. Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR), as one such approach, uses a voltage control device to reduce or increase the voltage setpoint on a busbar, thereby reducing or increasing the amount of active and reactive power supply in the network. Voltage regulation for CVR is always implemented according to established network planning standards in each country. Research in this field has proven that a CVR factor (CVRf) of 0.7–1.5 for peak demand reduction can be achieved. This is an evaluation metric of CVR. The aim of this research is to determine and validate CVRf for peak demand reduction by comparing actual results obtained during regular tap changes with other randomly distributed periods outside tap change operations, using a set of measurement data. It is important to understand CVR deployment capability by evaluating CVR potentials from historical random tap operations before a robust network-wide deployment is introduced. This research provides such guidance. It also provides a novel approach to determining tap changes from voltage measurements using a time-based algorithm. A CVRf ranging from 0.95 to 1.61 was estimated using a measurement dataset from a test field. The result of the entire evaluation shows that the CVRf are smaller during peak PV production and greater during peak demand periods. Further evaluation using statistical hypotheses testing and a control chart was used to validate the evaluation. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073155 KW - conservation voltage reduction KW - peak power KW - tap change KW - voltage regulating distribution transformers Y1 - 2023 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073155 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-33449 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 16 IS - 7 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - THES A1 - Igiligi, Anthony T1 - Conservation voltage reduction measurement and evaluation in MV/LV distribution networks equipped with ECOTAP VPD. N2 - The application of voltage reduction in medium and low voltage grids has been implemented since the 1980s using several approaches. Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) as one approach in the Volt/Var Optimization (VVO) scheme uses on-load tap changers (OLTC) on Voltage Regulated Distribution Transformers (VRDT) to reduce or increase the voltage setpoint, thereby reducing the amount of active and reactive power supply in a network. A top-down estimation approach was applied in this research, using measurement data from substation transformers. In this research, random tap changes were deduced from a set of annual measurements of voltage and power, and using a direct method, a CVR factor ranging from 0,95 to 1,31 was obtained. Using a continuous voltage reduction protocol over a one-month period, a CVR factor for energy and energy savings of 0,71 and 3,69% was obtained, respectively. In the end, proof for the validity of the results from the power demand reduction by testing various scenarios, hypotheses and isolating the impact of PV integration on the network was presented. Y1 - 2021 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-21930 CY - Ingolstadt ER -