TY - JOUR A1 - Rappsilber, Tim A1 - Krüger, Simone A1 - Raspe, Tina A1 - Reclo, Rudolf A1 - Schweiger, Hans-Georg T1 - Toxic gas emission in electric vehicles: What a battery fire means for occupant safety JF - Fire Safety Journal N2 - This work investigates the ability of occupants to escape from a battery electric vehicle during a thermal runaway of the traction battery initiated by nail penetration. Such events generate intense fires and large amounts of toxic gases, rapidly reducing the time available for safe evacuation. In controlled full-scale outdoor experiments on two identical mid-range battery electric vehicles, the smoke gas composition inside the cabin is examined. Using FTIR spectrometers and an oxygen analyzer, temporal and spatial concentrations of organic carbonates, hydrocarbons, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen cyanide, acetylene, and oxygen are measured. Sampling locations include the driver's breathing zone, the right rear passenger's breathing zone, and the exterior right rear wheel housing. The study further evaluates occupant's escape capability using the fractional effective dose (FED) model in accordance with ISO 13571. Results show that toxic gases can reach harmful concentrations within minutes after smoke enters the cabin, though smoke entry times vary widely with fire progression. Differences in fire development and smoke dispersion strongly affect FED values and thus the time available for self-rescue. Overall, the findings provide an important basis for assessing occupant safety during battery electric vehicle fires and highlight the need for improved mitigation strategies. UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2026.104717 Y1 - 2026 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2026.104717 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67774 SN - 1873-7226 VL - 2026 IS - 162 PB - Elsevier CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Glaas, Saskia A1 - Pham, Huong A1 - Münstermann, Hannes A1 - Frey, Dieter T1 - The Search for Meaning at Work: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Cognitive Crafting Intervention JF - International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology N2 - Many employees struggle to experience a sense of meaning in their work, posing a challenge to workplace flourishing. Cognitive crafting—the process of reframing how one interprets their work—can enhance meaningful work and well-being. However, strategies to effectively promote it remain unclear. Building on positive psychology interventions, self-determination theory, and job crafting theory, we developed a brief online intervention using meaning-based reflection and cognitive reframing. Its effectiveness was evaluated in a pre-registered randomized controlled trial ( N = 260) with an active control group, assessing outcomes post-intervention and at one-month follow-up. Compared to the control group, the intervention group reported significantly higher levels of meaningful work, work engagement, and job satisfaction. However, these differences were driven by lower scores in the control group compared to baseline, while the intervention group remained stable. These findings highlight the complexity of designing effective cognitive crafting interventions and underscore the need for further theory-driven research to identify strategies that reliably enhance positive work evaluations and work-related well-being. UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41042-026-00274-0 Y1 - 2026 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41042-026-00274-0 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67739 SN - 2364-5059 VL - 11 IS - 1 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agricola, Barbara A1 - Bärtl, Marko A1 - Landesberger, Martin A1 - Zhao, Huan A1 - Palm, Frank A1 - Kerschenlohr, Annegret A1 - Jägle, Eric A. T1 - The columnar to bimodal transition of Al–Cr–Mo–Sc–Zr alloys during laser powder bed fusion JF - Materials & Design N2 - Aluminium alloys processed via Powder Bed Fusion using a Laser Beam (PBF-LB) enable complex and lightweight components. Especially high-strength and heat-resistant Al alloys are in high demand for aerospace and motorsports applications, but the processability of these alloys remains critical due to hot-cracking along columnar grains. Therefore, the microstructural control of PBF-LB alloys is under increasing consideration. Al-Cr alloys have shown promising high-temperature properties and good processability in previous studies despite having a coarse and fully columnar grain structure. In this study, Al-Cr-Mo-Sc-Zr alloys with different compositions are subjected to phase analysis to understand the transition from fully columnar to bimodal grain structures. Synchrotron diffraction, electron dispersive spectroscopy, and atom probe tomography results have shown that three phases are present, irrespective of the alloys’ composition: 𝛼-Al, Al45Cr7, and Al3(Sc,Zr). The introduction of Cr increases the lattice mismatch between 𝛼-Al and Al3(Sc,Zr) and is suspected to hinder grain refinement by Sc and Zr. Various thermodynamic simulations revealed the effect of grain refining elements (Sc+Zr) and Cr on the solidification path. The combination of simulation and experimental investigations led to three hypotheses on the columnar to bimodal transition in Al-Cr alloys. These results will help to further enable the microstructural control of PBF-LB processed alloys. UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115770 Y1 - 2026 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2026.115770 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67559 SN - 0264-1275 VL - 2026 IS - 264 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ngetuny, Joshua Kiplagat A1 - Baldauf, Tobias A1 - Zörner, Wilfried T1 - Evaluating Feedstock Pretreatment Methods to Unlock Co-Digestion in Small-Scale Biogas Systems: A Multi-Criteria Approach to System Integration and Decision Making JF - Energies N2 - Small-scale biogas plants in developing countries present a viable alternative to traditional polluting energy sources, particularly in rural and underserved communities. These systems typically rely on locally sourced livestock manure; however, inconsistent supply often results in underfeeding, reduced biogas production, and, in many cases, system abandonment. Co-digestion with crop residues presents a promising strategy to enhance feedstock availability and system resilience. However, the recalcitrant nature of lignocellulosic biomass and limited access to suitable pretreatment technologies have constrained its adoption. This paper evaluates feasible pretreatment methods for integrating crop residues, especially straw, into small-scale biogas systems. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), pretreatment methods are assessed based on five criteria: (i) technology simplicity, (ii) energy requirements, (iii) capital and operational costs, (iv) effectiveness, and (v) environmental impact. The analysis identifies microbial pretreatment using the liquid fraction of digestate, combined with mechanical size reduction, as the most suitable approach for small-scale implementation, utilizing low-cost, simplified mechanical devices adaptable to various crop residues with minimal energy input. A conceptual design of a demonstration plant is proposed to validate this integrated pretreatment approach and assess its impact on biogas yield, system performance, and technology adoption. The design incorporates an on-site digestate separation unit to supply microbial inoculum and emphasizes simplicity and cost-effectiveness in material handling and energy use. Pilot trials are proposed to evaluate key performance indicators, including specific methane yield (LCH4/gVS added), volatile solids reduction (%), and methane content increase (%), ensuring evidence-based adoption and practical applicability of the design. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051303 Y1 - 2026 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/en19051303 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67479 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 19 IS - 5 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mion, Giorgio A1 - Bonfanti, Angelo A1 - Simeoni, Francesca A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando T1 - Rethinking occupational welfare policies in long-term care organisations during the COVID-19 pandemic: an organisational ethics approach JF - International Journal of Managerial and Financial Accounting UR - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMFA.2021.116216 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMFA.2021.116216 SN - 1753-6715 SN - 1753-6723 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 48 EP - 63 PB - Inderscience CY - Olney ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mion, Giorgio A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando A1 - Bonfanti, Angelo T1 - Characterizing the mission statements of benefit corporations: Empirical evidence from Italy JF - Business Strategy and the Environment UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2738 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2738 SN - 0964-4733 SN - 1099-0836 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 2160 EP - 2172 PB - Wiley CY - New York ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mion, Giorgio A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando T1 - Understanding the purpose of benefit corporations: an empirical study on the Italian case JF - International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility N2 - Rethinking the traditional understanding of organizational purpose appears to be necessary. A teleological paradigm shift seems to be on its way, changing the focus of attention from considering business organizations as instruments used to generate profits toward a more comprehensive understanding of their purpose and of the benefit they can create for society. Recently, new organizational entities have emerged, accompanied by the renewal of institutional frameworks, among them are benefit corporations. Italy was the first European country to introduce a legal framework to define the benefit corporation as a particular legal entity. The Italian law on the benefit corporations proposes the promotion of firms that pursue the generation of benefit in a responsible, sustainable, and transparent way and considering diverse stakeholders. This paper explores and describes the multidimensional understanding of benefit and purpose of Italian benefit corporations, utilizing qualitative and quantitative content analysis of 94 Italian benefit corporations’ purpose declarations, and providing a deep insight into the purpose declared by benefit corporations. The research highlights a certain vagueness in public declarations of the purpose of benefit corporations, even though it is clear that they attempt to differentiate themselves from traditional businesses by focusing on social objectives more than on economic ones. Furthermore, normative compliance emerged, but further normative requirements seem to be needed to make more effective the transformative potentiality of benefit corporations and to avoid risks of opportunistic behaviors. UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-020-00050-6 Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40991-020-00050-6 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67296 SN - 2366-0066 SN - 3059-3174 VL - 5 IS - 1 PB - SpringerOpen CY - Cham ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando T1 - Sustainability Reporting Quality of Peruvian Listed Companies and the Impact of Regulatory Requirements of Sustainability Disclosures JF - Sustainability N2 - Regulations establishing mandatory sustainability reporting practices are proliferating around the world. The empirical evidence comparing sustainability reporting quality (SRQ) in the context of mandatory and voluntary institutional frameworks does not show consensus. Similarly, this occurs with studies addressing the effects of regulatory shocks on SRQ. Moreover, empirical evidence addressing SRQ in Latin American countries is scarce. To fill this gap, this study aims to explore the consequences of introducing new regulatory requirements for sustainability disclosure on SRQ of Peruvian companies. To reach that goal, 81 sustainability disclosure documents published between 2014 and 2016 by 27 companies included in the S&P/BVL Peru General Index of Lima’s Stock Exchange were analyzed using qualitative content analysis methods and adopting a multidimensional approach for SRQ evaluation. The findings show a constant improvement of SRQ regardless of the introduction of the new regulatory requirements. Furthermore, after the entry into force of new sustainability reporting obligations, the number of companies providing third-party independent assurance of the information contained in their sustainability disclosure documents decreases, suggesting that for the Peruvian case, regulatory requirements tend to discourage companies to invest in the credibility of their sustainability disclosure documents, and promote a symbolic application of sustainability disclosure standards. UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031135 Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031135 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67307 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 12 IS - 3 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mion, Giorgio A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando T1 - Mandatory Nonfinancial Disclosure and Its Consequences on the Sustainability Reporting Quality of Italian and German Companies JF - Sustainability N2 - Companies disclosing nonfinancial information through sustainability reporting practices provide markets with data on their social, environmental, and governance performance. The quality of sustainability reporting is much discussed in the literature because this quality affects factors such as the credibility of accountability and building stakeholders’ trust in the company. Nonetheless, the concept of quality is multidimensional, and empirical evidence relating to the quality of sustainability reporting presents different findings. Regulations on mandatory nonfinancial disclosure (NFD) open new perspectives for research on sustainability reporting quality (SRQ). This study explored the effect of introducing mandatory NFD on SRQ by focusing on the effects of new legislation (Directive 2014/95/EU) introduced in Italy and Germany. The analysis was conducted through qualitative content analysis of the sustainability reporting practices of Italian and German companies in the top lists of stock exchanges. Sustainability reporting practices of one year before (2016) and one year after (2017) the implementation of Directive 2014/95/EU were compared. The results of 132 observations demonstrated that the quality of sustainability reporting increased after implementation of the law on mandatory NFD. Further, the effect of the law seemed to reduce the differences in SRQ of the two countries before the introduction of mandatory NFD. The results suggested that obligatoriness of NFD affects SRQ together with other relevant determinants focused on by previous research (e.g., company size and industry type). UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174612 Y1 - 2019 UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174612 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-67313 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 11 IS - 17 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fifka, Matthias A1 - Kühn, Anna-Lena A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando A1 - Stiglbauer, Markus T1 - Promoting Development in Weak Institutional Environments: The Understanding and Transmission of Sustainability by NGOS in Latin America JF - Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-016-9713-4 Y1 - 2016 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-016-9713-4 SN - 0957-8765 SN - 1573-7888 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 1091 EP - 1122 PB - Cambridge University Press CY - Cambridge ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Habisch, André A1 - Loza Adaui, Cristian Rolando T1 - Seasoning business knowledge: challenging recent Catholic social thought JF - Journal of Management Development UR - https://doi.org/10.1108/02621711011059095 Y1 - 2010 UR - https://doi.org/10.1108/02621711011059095 SN - 1758-7492 VL - 29 IS - 7/8 SP - 660 EP - 668 PB - Emerald CY - Bradford ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Niebisch, Michael A1 - Deinlein, Thomas A1 - Pfaller, Daniel A1 - German, Reinhard A1 - Djanatliev, Anatoli T1 - Impact of the Communication Direction on the Reliability of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) Communications T2 - 2020 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC) UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC51378.2020.9318416 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC51378.2020.9318416 SN - 978-1-7281-9221-5 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER -