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    <id>4969</id>
    <completedYear>2024</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>102, LXV</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>masterthesis</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace>Ingolstadt</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2024-08-12</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2024-06-12</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Be here now</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In the near future, automated vehicles are expected to become commonplace in traffic, necessitating effective communication with various traffic participants. External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) are employed to facilitate these interactions, but there is a need for scalable solutions to address a range of challenges. In complex urban environments, pedestrians often fail to perceive the intentions of automated vehicles, especially if they are distracted by multitasking or using gadgets while moving in groups.&#13;
&#13;
This thesis aims to enhance the attention, perception, and safety of inattentive pedestrians through the development of eHMIs that utilize multi-modal targeted communication. The effectiveness of these targeted eHMIs is evaluated against the more common multimodal broadcast communication. The study focuses on situational awareness, intent perception, and perceived safety among pedestrians using mobile phones while crossing streets, comparing targeted communication with broadcast methods.&#13;
&#13;
The approach involves comparing two targeted eHMIs—one using personalized projection and audio, and another using personalized mobile notifications—with a broadcast eHMI using audio and visual cues. A literature review identified research gaps and informed the design process, which included creating personas and storyboards. These were translated into three simulation conditions in a virtual reality application developed in Unity. The preliminary study was followed by a final usability study with qualitative and quantitative feedback from 28 participants.&#13;
&#13;
The results indicate that targeted nudging from an eHMI improves situational awareness and perceived safety among distracted pedestrians compared to broadcast eHMIs. Additionally, multi-modal targeted communication enhances the perception of intent more effectively than multi-modal broadcast communication. Thus, targeted eHMI systems could make roads safer for pedestrians and reduce automated vehicle time in traffic.</abstract>
    <subTitle language="deu">Development and evaluation of scalable eHMIs to enhance the attention, perception, and safety of inattentive pedestrians through targeted communication in complex traffic scenarios</subTitle>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-49698</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-08-12T07:38:15+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">primuss</enrichment>
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    <licence>Urheberrechtsschutz</licence>
    <advisor>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Riener</last_name>
    </advisor>
    <author>
      <first_name>Tilak Kamkar</first_name>
      <last_name>.</last_name>
    </author>
    <advisor>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Löcken</last_name>
    </advisor>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19309">Fakultät Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="degree_programme" number="19360">User Experience Design (M. Sc.)</collection>
    <collection role="Import" number="deepgreen">DeepGreen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <thesisGrantor>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisGrantor>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/4969/I002014764Thesis.pdf</file>
  </doc>
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