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  <doc>
    <id>1471</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>6</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-24</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modelling of 3D temperature behavior of prismatic lithium-ion cell with focus on experimental validation under battery electric vehicle conditions</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2019 25th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-2078-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/THERMINIC.2019.8923604</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 25th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC), Lecco (Italy), 25.-27.09.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Gordon</first_name>
      <last_name>Elger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26589">Elger, Gordon</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1364</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>685</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>691</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-22</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Robustness and reliability of model-based sensor data fusion in a lithium-ion battery system</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE CCTA 2020, 4th IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-7140-1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2020 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA), online, 24.-26.08.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCTA41146.2020.9206336</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Batteries</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Robustness</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Parameter estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Current measurement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Noise measurement</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Data models</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kalman filters</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1367</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>6</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-22</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Adaptive Variance Estimation of Sensor Noise within a Sensor Data Fusion Framework</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC 2021) Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2642-2077</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-9539-1</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), Glasgow (UK), 17.-20.05.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459790</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2952</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>16</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <articleNumber>104</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Kalman Filter Tuning Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm for State and Parameter Estimation of Lithium-Ion Cells</title>
    <abstract language="eng">To ensure a reliable and safe operation of battery systems in various applications, the system’s internal states must be observed with high accuracy. Hereby, the Kalman filter is a frequently used and well-known tool to estimate the states and model parameters of a lithium-ion cell. A strong requirement is the selection of a suitable model and a reasonable initialization, otherwise the algorithm’s estimation might be insufficient. Especially the process noise parametrization poses a difficult task, since it is an abstract parameter and often optimized by an arbitrary trial-and-error principle. In this work, a traceable procedure based on the genetic algorithm is introduced to determine the process noise offline considering the estimation error and filter consistency. Hereby, the parameters found are independent of the researcher’s experience. Results are validated with a simulative and experimental study, using an NCA/graphite lithium-ion cell. After the transient phase, the estimation error of the state-of-charge is lower than 0.6% and for internal resistance smaller than 4mΩ while the corresponding estimated covariances fit the error well.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2313-0105</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-29528</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2022-11-11T13:18:46+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">deepgreen</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.file">attachment; filename=deposit.zip</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8090104</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Theiler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kalman filter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>joint estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kalman filter tuning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>genetic algorithm</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>multi-objective optimization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <collection role="Import" number="deepgreen">DeepGreen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/2952/batteries-08-00104-v2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2860</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>874</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>881</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway (NJ)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-09-30</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Physically Inspired Neural Network for Modeling Induction Machine Nonlinear Magnetic Saturation</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ITEC+2022: 2022 IEEE/AIAA Transportation Electrification Conference and Electric Aircraft Technologies Symposium (ITEC+EATS)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-0560-7</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9813908</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference &amp; Expo (ITEC), Anaheim (CA, USA), 15.-17.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Nachtsheim</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Thomas</first_name>
      <last_name>Hartmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Data-driven modelling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>neural network</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>system identification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>magnetic saturation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>induction machine</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2861</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>894</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>901</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway (NJ)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-09-30</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Modeling Geometric Wire Bending Behavior in Needle Winding Processes Using Circular Arcs with Tangential Linear Functions</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ITEC+2022: 2022 IEEE/AIAA Transportation Electrification Conference and Electric Aircraft Technologies Symposium (ITEC+EATS)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-0560-7</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC53557.2022.9814041</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2022 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference &amp; Expo (ITEC), Anaheim (CA, USA), 15.-17.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Markus</first_name>
      <last_name>Kohler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>David</first_name>
      <last_name>Fendt</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>wire forming</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>production systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>digital twin</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>machine learning</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1472</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>45</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>52</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-24</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Adaptive Production Control in a Modular Assembly System – Towards an Agent-based Approach</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings, 2019 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-2927-3</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN41052.2019.8972152</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 IEEE 17th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), Helsinki (Finland), 22.-25.07.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Sebastian</first_name>
      <last_name>Mayer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Nikolas</first_name>
      <last_name>Höhme</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dennis</first_name>
      <last_name>Gankin</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>intelligent manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>scheduling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>production control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>multi-agent system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>modular assembly system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>automated guided vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1473</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>293</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>300</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-24</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Adaptive production control in a modular assembly system based on partial look-ahead scheduling</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-6959-4</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMECH.2019.8722904</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM), Ilmenau (Germany), 18.-20.03.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Sebastian</first_name>
      <last_name>Mayer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>scheduling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>production control</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>production planning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>modular assembly system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>automated guided vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>cyber-physical systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>intelligent manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>genetic algorithm</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1577</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>7</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-28</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimization Algorithms for Maximizing the Slot Filling Factor of Technically Feasible Slot Geometries and Winding Layouts</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2016 6th International Electric Drives Production Conference (E|DPC): Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5090-2909-9</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5090-2908-2</identifier>
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    <title language="eng">Sensitivity Analysis for Driver Energy Prediction with Environmental Features and Naturalistic Data</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2018 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems (INES)</parentTitle>
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      <value>Wires</value>
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      <value>Needles</value>
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      <value>Stators</value>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Khanh Duy</first_name>
      <last_name>Trieu</last_name>
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      <type>uncontrolled</type>
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    <author>
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      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
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      <value>Convergence</value>
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      <last_name>Shi</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Tobias</first_name>
      <last_name>Schnörer</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
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    <subject>
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      <value>navigation</value>
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  <doc>
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    <title language="eng">Driver adaptive predictive velocity control</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2017 IEEE 20th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-1526-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2153-0017</identifier>
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    <author>
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      <last_name>Vögele</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Johannes</first_name>
      <last_name>Ziegmann</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Predictive Velocity Control</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Longitudinal Vehicle Control</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Driver Adpative</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multi-Criteria Optimization</value>
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    <title language="eng">Automated contacting technology for needle winding applications with distributed windings</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2017 7th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC) Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-1069-5</identifier>
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    <author>
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      <last_name>Herrmann</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Peer</first_name>
      <last_name>Stenzel</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Philipp</first_name>
      <last_name>Uhlmann</last_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Contacting Technology</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Joining Technology</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Automation</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Resistance Welding</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Distributed Winding</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Needle Winding</value>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
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    <title language="eng">Highly flexible needle winding kinematics for traction stators based on a standard industrial robot</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2017 7th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-1069-5</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Patrick</first_name>
      <last_name>Herrmann</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Westermaier</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Needle Winding</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Industrial Robot</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Distributed Windings</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Automation</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stator Production</value>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <title language="eng">NURBS based trajectory generation for an industrial five axis needle winding robot</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Conference Proceedings of 2018 4th International Conference on Control, Automation and Robotics (ICCAR)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-6338-7</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Patrick</first_name>
      <last_name>Herrmann</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>needle winding</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>trajectory planning</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>constant feed rate</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NURBS</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>smooth path planning</value>
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    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1520</pageFirst>
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    <title language="eng">Robust stochastic process models and parameter estimation for industrial end-of-line-testing</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings: 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5090-5949-2</identifier>
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      <first_name>Lukas</first_name>
      <last_name>Leitner</last_name>
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      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Testing</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Robustness</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Production</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Stochastic processes</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Feature extraction</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Training</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Current measurement</value>
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  <doc>
    <id>1514</id>
    <completedYear/>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>967</pageFirst>
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    <title language="eng">Enhancing the Cell Impedance Estimation of a Lithium-Ion Battery System with Embedded Power Path Switches</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">APEC 2021: Thirty-Sixth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-8949-9</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2470-6647</identifier>
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      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
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      <first_name>Simon</first_name>
      <last_name>Diehl</last_name>
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      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
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      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Ralph</first_name>
      <last_name>Kennel</last_name>
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      <value>Reconfigurable Battery System</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impedance Spectroscopy</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power MOSFET</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pseudorandom Binary Sequence</value>
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  <doc>
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    <title language="eng">Experimental Study on the Thermal Interactions in Novel Intelligent Lithium-Ion Modules for Electric Vehicles</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the Twentieth InterSociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems: ITherm 2021</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-8539-2</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2694-2135</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Alexander</first_name>
      <last_name>Heider</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
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      <first_name>Gordon</first_name>
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      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Intelligent battery</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lithium-ion</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Reconfiguration</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cooling</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermal management</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Parallel connection</value>
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    <collection role="persons" number="26589">Elger, Gordon</collection>
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    <pageFirst>1736</pageFirst>
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    <title language="eng">Improved Impedance Measurements for Electric Vehicles with Reconfigurable Battery Systems</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition – Asia, 2021 (ECCE Asia 2021)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-6344-4</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2150-6086</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Simon</first_name>
      <last_name>Diehl</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmid</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Ralph</first_name>
      <last_name>Kennel</last_name>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Reconfigurable Battery System</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Impedance Spectroscopy</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power MOSFET</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Artificial Neural Network</value>
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    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
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    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Benefits of numerical optimization and CAD/CAM in needle winding processes</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-6959-4</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMECH.2019.8722940</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM), Ilmenau (Germany), 18.-20.03.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Patrick</first_name>
      <last_name>Herrmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>needle winding technology</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>trajectory planning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>automated trajectory generation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CAD/CAM</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>numerical optimization</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1491</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>314</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>320</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-25</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimization of the End Winding Patterns in Needle Wound Traction Stators</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-6959-4</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMECH.2019.8722897</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics (ICM), Ilmenau (Germany), 18.-20.03.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Patrick</first_name>
      <last_name>Herrmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Westermaier</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>needle winding</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>end winding patterns</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>optimization method</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>virtual tool chain</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1492</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>292</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>297</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-25</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">On air-gap approximations for slotted electrical machine models assuming radial magnetic fields</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-6376-9</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2019.8755196</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), Melbourne (Australia), 13.-15.02.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Okon</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electrical machine modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>radial air-gap magnetic field</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>magnetically effective air-gap</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>slotting effects</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1495</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2019</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>151</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>156</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-25</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Nonlinear modelling of dynamic wire tension for needle winding processes of distributed windings</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5386-6376-9</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT.2019.8755052</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2019 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), Melbourne (Australia), 13.-15.02.2019</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Patrick</first_name>
      <last_name>Herrmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2540</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1113</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1120</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-07-27</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A Test Bench Concept and Method for Image-Based Modeling of Geometric Wire Bending Behavior in Needle Winding Processes</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2022 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2163-5145</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-8240-0</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE51582.2022.9831494</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2022 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Anchorage (USA), 01.-03.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Markus</first_name>
      <last_name>Kohler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerngroß</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>wire forming</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>manufacturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>computer vision</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>machine vision</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>image processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>curve fitting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>splines</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2541</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>206</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>213</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-07-27</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Observability Analysis for Parameter Identification of Induction Machines in Automotive Environment</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2022 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2163-5145</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-8240-0</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE51582.2022.9831658</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2022 IEEE 31st International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Anchorage (USA), 01.-03.06.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Nachtsheim</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Luetfue</first_name>
      <last_name>Korkmaz</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmoelz</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>observability</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>induction machine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>parameter identification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>extended Kalman Filter</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2784</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>142, Part A</issue>
    <volume>2022</volume>
    <articleNumber>108259</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-08-29</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Pareto optimization of multilevel inverter structures regarding the DC magnitude, switching frequency and switching angles</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">International Journal of Electrical Power &amp; Energy Systems</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0142-0615</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108259</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Stöttner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Rauscher</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cascaded H-bridge (CHB)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electric vehicle (EV)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multilevel inverter (MLI)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pareto optimization (PO)</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2785</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>15163</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15174</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>12</issue>
    <volume>37</volume>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-08-29</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Design and Validation of the Parallel Enhanced Commutation Integrated Nested Multilevel Inverter Topology</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1941-0107</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2022.3183859</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christoph</first_name>
      <last_name>Terbrack</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Stöttner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>drivetrain</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>enhanced commutation integrated nested (ECIN)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electric vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>modular multilevel converter (MMLC)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>parallel enhanced commutation integrated nested (PECIN)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>power electronics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3067</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>10</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>205</issue>
    <volume>2022</volume>
    <articleNumber>112163</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-01-11</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Pareto optimization of wavelet filter design for partial discharge detection in electrical machines</title>
    <abstract language="eng">A reliable detection of partial discharges (PDs) in the insulation system of electrical machines is essential to prevent premature breakdowns. Wavelet filters (WFs) are often recommended for denoising this PD measurement data. However, filtering performance strongly depends on numerous settings, which impedes an optimum filter choice. We propose an approach to systematically select the best filter for denoising PD signals. First, representative PD pulses are determined from measurement data by an averaging and a singular value decomposition method. Next, realistic benchmark signals are generated for filter assessment. Further, all possible WF combinations from a set of different mother wavelet selection methods, decomposition trees, and thresholding approaches are evaluated. On the basis of two contradicting objectives, namely mean square error of noise intervals and pulse amplitude distortion, Pareto optimization is applied to choose optimal WF settings. The corresponding filters dominate several common WF proposals from previous literature.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Measurement</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-412X</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0263-2241</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-30673</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2022.112163</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Rauscher</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Manuel</first_name>
      <last_name>Hufnagel</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Pareto optimization</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Wavelet filter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Denoising</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultra high frequency</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Partial discharge</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrical machine</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
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    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
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    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>56, Part A</issue>
    <volume>2022</volume>
    <articleNumber>105808</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-01-11</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Experimental study of cell integrated heat pipe cooling with a lithium-ion cell emulator</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-152X</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Florian</first_name>
      <last_name>Lambauer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Randeep</first_name>
      <last_name>Singh</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Hinterberger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
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    <id>3071</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1711</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1718</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway (NJ)</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-01-12</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Online Detection of Soft Internal Short Circuits in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs by Data-Driven Cell Voltage Monitoring</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the Energy Conversion Congress &amp; Exposition - Asia, 2021 (ECCE-Asia 2021)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-6344-4</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2150-6086</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress &amp; Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia), Singapore, 24.-27.05.2021</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ECCE-Asia49820.2021.9479175</enrichment>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmid</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ralph</first_name>
      <last_name>Kennel</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Internal Short Circuit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fault Diagnosis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lithium-Ion Battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery Safety</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electric Vehicle</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3547</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>16</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <articleNumber>230</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Apparent Aging during Accelerated Cycling Aging Test of Cylindrical Silicon Containing Li-Ion Cells</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Accelerated cyclic aging tests are very important for research and industry to quickly characterize lithium-ion cells. However, the accentuation of stress factors and the elimination of rest periods lead to an apparent capacity fade, that can be subsequently recovered during a resting phase. This effect is attributed to the inhomogeneous lithium distribution in the anode and is observable with differential voltage analysis (DVA). We tested cylindrical 18,650 cells with Li(NixCoyAlz)O2-graphite/silicon chemistry during two cycling and resting phases. The capacity, the pulse resistance, the DVA, and the capacity difference analysis are evaluated for cells cycled at different average SOC and current rates. An apparent capacity loss of up to 12% was reported after 200 FCE for cells cycled under the presence of pressure gradients, while only 1% were at low-pressure gradients. The subsequent recovery was up to 80% of the apparent capacity loss in some cases. The impact of silicon cannot be estimated as it shows no features in the dV/dQ curves. We observe a recovery of apparent resistance increase, which is not reported for cells with pure graphite anodes. Finally, we demonstrate the strong impact of apparent aging for the lifetime prediction based on standard accelerated cyclic aging tests.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2313-0105</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-35477</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9040230</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Pablo</first_name>
      <last_name>Morales Torricos</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>aging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>lifetime prognosis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>cycle life</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NCA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>silicon</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>mechanical stress</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>homogeneity of lithium distribution</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>capacity recovery</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/3547/batteries-09-00230.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3596</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>12</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>65</issue>
    <volume>2023</volume>
    <articleNumber>107188</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-04-20</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A comparative study of data-driven electro-thermal models for reconfigurable lithium-ion batteries in real-time applications</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-152X</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Lorenz</first_name>
      <last_name>Lechermann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Hinterberger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
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    <id>3337</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>11</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>218</issue>
    <volume>2023</volume>
    <articleNumber>109197</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-03-30</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Experimental investigation of parasitic side effects in MOSFET-based multilevel inverter for electric vehicle applications</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Electric Power Systems Research</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-2046</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0378-7796</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2023.109197</enrichment>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Stöttner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Hanzl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3799</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>23</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>14</issue>
    <volume>12</volume>
    <articleNumber>3130</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Control and Implementation of the Parallel Enhanced Commutation Integrated Nested Multilevel Inverter Topology</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Due to their high efficiency and advanced battery management capability, cascaded multilevel inverters are an exciting option for battery electric powertrains. A promising, new and highly efficient cascaded multilevel inverter is the Parallel Enhanced Commutation Integrated Nested Multilevel Inverter. The inverter, with four semiconductor switches per submodule, can reconfigure individual battery cells in series and parallel and generate positive and negative phase voltages in regular four-quadrant operation. Therefore, emerging degrees of freedom in battery management and inverter operation must be managed and mapped into a specific Switching State for every switch. As controlling the high number of switches is safety-relevant, this publication profoundly explains the inverter’s functionality. We introduce a Switching Function that accepts easy-to-understand functional states as input, simplifying research on higher-level control algorithms and advanced single-cell battery-management capabilities. As the Switching Function guarantees safe operation and the correct contribution of every cell to the overall functionality of the inverter, it enables researchers to confidently use and thereby accelerate research on the promising new topology. The method we describe is fast, simple, deterministic and designed to convert setpoint specifications into an executable Switching Pattern. We prove that our Switching Function is operable on an FPGA with a twenty-kilohertz setpoint update operating a 17-level inverter.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Electronics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2079-9292</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-37990</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12143130</enrichment>
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    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christoph</first_name>
      <last_name>Terbrack</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Sascha</first_name>
      <last_name>Speer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>cascaded</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>drivetrain</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electric vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MLI</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>PECIN</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>power electronics</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>reconfigurable battery system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Switching Function</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/3799/electronics-12-03130.pdf</file>
  </doc>
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    <id>3866</id>
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    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
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    <language>eng</language>
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    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>6</pageNumber>
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    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>--</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Online Identification of Induction Machine Parameter Deviations for Aging Detection - A Comparative Study Using Recursive Least Squares Algorithm and Extended Kalman Filter</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference &amp; Expo (ITEC)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-8-3503-9742-0</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="conference_title">2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference &amp; Expo (ITEC)</enrichment>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Nachtsheim</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Karina</first_name>
      <last_name>Grund</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ralph</first_name>
      <last_name>Kennel</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Induction Machine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Online Parameter Identification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Extended Kalman Filter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Recursive Least Squares Algorithm</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Aging Detection</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
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    <id>3669</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>19</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>16</volume>
    <articleNumber>3889</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-05-05</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Long-Term Self-Discharge Measurements and Modelling for Various Cell Types and Cell Potentials</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Self-discharge of lithium-ion cells leads to voltage decay over time. In this work, the self-discharge was measured at 30 °C for three cell types at various voltage levels for about 150 days in a constant voltage mode determining the current at a high precision (float current). All cells exhibit a transient part leading to a steady-state, which is no longer influenced by reversible effects. To study the effect of the check-ups on the steady-state float current, the cells, interrupted and not interrupted by check-ups, were compared. The results indicate that both the transient processes and steady-state currents are highly reproducible. In the first period of the float current, the polarization dominates the measured current, followed by the anode overhang effect dominating the process for a period of 5–30 days. After the decline of both processes, a mostly constant steady-state in the order of µA is observed. The check-up interruption generally shows no apparent effect on the reached steady-state and results only in an extended settling time. A model to simulate the transient process and steady-state of float currents was developed. The model shows a high accuracy in reproducing the results and identifying the time needed to reach the steady-state.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Energies</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1996-1073</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-36693</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093889</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Mohamed</first_name>
      <last_name>Azzam</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Moritz</first_name>
      <last_name>Ehrensberger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Reinhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Scheuer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>18650</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NCA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NMC</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>LFP</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>graphite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>float current analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>potentiostatic hold</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>self-discharge rate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>modelling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>filtering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>anode overhang</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/3669/energies-16-03889.pdf</file>
  </doc>
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    <id>1418</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>12</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-23</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Operation of an externally excited synchronous machine with a hybrid multilevel inverter</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-9-0758-1536-8</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE20ECCEEurope43536.2020.9215895</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe), online, 07.-11.09.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christoph</first_name>
      <last_name>Terbrack</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Stöttner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>AC machine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Batteries</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Converter circuit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrical drive</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electrical machine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>High voltage power converters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Multilevel converters</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Power converters for EV</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Synchronous motor</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1419</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>699</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>705</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-23</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Sensitivity analysis of battery cell aging estimators based on impedance spectroscopy regarding temperature compensation</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE CCTA 2020, 4th IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-7140-1</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCTA41146.2020.9206395</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2020 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA), online, 24.-26.08.2020</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Simon</first_name>
      <last_name>Diehl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>sensitivity analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>impedance spectroscopy</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>temperature compensation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery management systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>multiple lithium-ion cells</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery cell aging estimators</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>on board electric vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1629</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1675</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1681</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-03-02</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Disturbance compensation for iterative control of suspension durability test rigs</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2016 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-5090-2065-2</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/AIM.2016.7577011</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2016 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM),  Banff (Canada), 12.-15.07.2016</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Tino</first_name>
      <last_name>Müller</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ulrich</first_name>
      <last_name>Vögele</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>testing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>predictive models</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>vehicles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>axles</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>inverse problems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>actuators</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>optimal control</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1631</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>5</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>42</issue>
    <volume>2016</volume>
    <articleNumber>01002</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>EDP Sciences</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Les Ulis</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-03-02</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimization of inverse model identification for multi-axial test rig control</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Laboratory testing of multi-axial fatigue situations improves repeatability and allows a time condensing of tests which can be carried out until component failure, compared to field testing. To achieve realistic and convincing durability results, precise load data reconstruction is necessary. Cross-talk and a high number of degrees of freedom negatively affect the control accuracy. Therefore a multiple input/multiple output (MIMO) model of the system, capturing all inherent cross-couplings is identified. In a first step the model order is estimated based on the physical fundamentals of a one channel hydraulic-servo system. Subsequently, the structure of the MIMO model is optimized using correlation of the outputs, to increase control stability and reduce complexity of the parameter optimization. The identification process is successfully applied to the iterative control of a multi-axial suspension rig. The results show accurate control, with increased stability compared to control without structure optimization.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">MATEC Web of Conferences</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2261-236X</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-16314</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20164201002</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2015 The 3rd International Conference on Control, Mechatronics and Automation (ICCMA 2015), Barcelona (Spain), 21.-22.12.2015</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Tino</first_name>
      <last_name>Müller</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Johannes</first_name>
      <last_name>Ziegmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Simon</first_name>
      <last_name>Krüner</last_name>
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    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1654</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2014</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>7</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-03-02</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of different impregnation methods and resins on thermal behavior and lifetime of electrical stators</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings: 2014 4th International Electric Drives Production Conference (E|DPC)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-4799-5009-6</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-4799-5008-9</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">editorial review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/EDPC.2014.6984406</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2014 4th International Electric Drives Production Conference (EDPC), Nuremberg (Germany), 30.09. - 01.10.2014</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Richnow</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Peer</first_name>
      <last_name>Stenzel</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>A.</first_name>
      <last_name>Renner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>D.</first_name>
      <last_name>Gerling</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>electrical insulation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>stator</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>impregnation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>resin</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>thermal behavior</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>lifetime</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2285</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>41</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>48</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway, NJ</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-04-26</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Explicit analytical approach for electromagnetic modeling of arbitrary pole pair induction machines</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2022 12th International Conference on Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-2049-5</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEEE54404.2022.9738660</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2022 12th International Conference on Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE), Shiga, Japan, 25.-27.02.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Nachtsheim</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Betz</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>induction machine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>induction motor</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>analytical model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>magnetic saturation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>iron losses</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2286</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>17</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <articleNumber>33</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-04-26</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of Switching on the Aging of High Power Lithium-Ion Cells</title>
    <abstract language="eng">For intelligent battery systems that are able to control the current flow for each individual cell, the multilevel inverter is an interesting approach to replace the bidirectional AC/DC-converter and improve flexibility of charging system and signal quality in both directions. Therefore, the cells are modulated by switching varying the duty cycle, the current and the frequency up to the kHz-range. This is only beneficial if the switching does not lead to a significant additional aging. The scientific gap to assess and understand the impact of switching is investigated in this paper by testing 22 high-power 18650 lithium-ion cells (Samsung 25R). The cells are tested at 50 Hz and 10 kHz switching frequency during charge, discharge and charge/discharge at 50% duty cycle. The tests are compared to eight reference tests with continuous current flow performed at the average and the maximum current for charge and discharge, respectively. The results are obtained by evaluating the remaining capacity, resistance, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and dV/dQ analysis. Before reaching rollover, the investigated cells lose homogeneity and cathode capacity but no significant difference for the aging parameters are found. After rollover, the cell-to-cell variation is greater than the aging induced by the different cycling parameters.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2313-0105</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-22861</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries8040033</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Guy</first_name>
      <last_name>Williams Ngaleu</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Theiler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Xenia</first_name>
      <last_name>Straßer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Hanzl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>18650</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NCA</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>graphite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>switching</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>multilevel inverter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>frequency</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>cycle life</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/2286/batteries-08-00033.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2293</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>71</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>77</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway, NJ</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-04-26</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Enhanced state and parameter estimation within reconfigurable battery systems for electric vehicles</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2022 12th International Conference on Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-2049-5</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEEE54404.2022.9738700</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2022 12th International Conference on Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE), Shiga, Japan, 25.-27.02.2022</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ralph</first_name>
      <last_name>Kennel</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>state estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery management system</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>reconfigurable battery systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>power electronics</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3111</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>18</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <articleNumber>145</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-02-22</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Experimental Investigation of State and Parameter Estimation within Reconfigurable Battery Systems</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The battery system is one of the most-important, but also -critical components in the electric power-train. The battery’s system states and parameters are commonly tracked by the battery monitoring system. However, in reality, the accuracy of the state and parameter estimation may suffer from insufficient excitation of the system. Since the current states and parameters serve as the basis for many battery management system functions, this might lead to incorrect operation and severe damage. Reconfigurable battery systems allow enhancing the system’s excitation by applying a switching operation. In this contribution, the state and parameter estimation of a reconfigurable battery module were simulated and tested experimentally. Thereby, a low-exciting and a high-exciting drive cycle were compared. Furthermore, the switching patterns were applied to enhance the excitation and, hence, improve the estimation of an extended Kalman filter. The cells were switched via a pulse-width modulation signal, and the influence of frequency and duty cycle variation on the estimation accuracy were investigated. Compared to the low-excitation input, a significant improvement in the estimation of up to 46% for the state of charge and 78% for the internal resistance were achieved. Hereby, low frequencies and duty cycles proved to be particularly advantageous. Switching, however, has only a limited influence on an already highly excited system and may lead to additional aging due to higher heat generation.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2313-0105</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-31110</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9030145</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Theiler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kalman filter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>joint estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>reconfigurable battery systems</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>state estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>parameter estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/3111/batteries-09-00145.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3104</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>4236</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>4254</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-02-17</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Performance of Recursive Least Squares Algorithm Configurations for Online Parameter Identification of Induction Machines in an Automotive Environment</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2332-7782</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2023.3244619</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Martin</first_name>
      <last_name>Nachtsheim</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Johannes</first_name>
      <last_name>Ernst</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ralph</first_name>
      <last_name>Kennel</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>parameter estimation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>induction machine</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>power system identification</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>road vehicle electric propulsion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>fault diagnosis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>3904</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1058</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1065</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-09-01</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Experimental Investigation and Analytical Modeling of Half-Bridge Switching Losses in Reconfigurable Lithium-Ion Cells</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia: 11th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-89-5708-350-5</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213901</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia),  Jeju Island (Republic of Korea), 22.-25.05.2023</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Hanzl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Stöttner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Markus</first_name>
      <last_name>Hölzle</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>half-bridge</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>lithium-ion cell</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>MOSFET switching losses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>multilevel inverter</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4945</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>8</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2024-07-25</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Empirical Investigation and Feed-Forward Control of Wire Tension in Needle Winding Processes</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2024 IEEE 33rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), Proceedings</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-8-3503-9408-5</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
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    <title language="eng">Deep learning and data augmentation for partial discharge detection in electrical machines</title>
    <abstract language="deu">Fault testing in the production line of automotive traction machines is essential to ensure the desired lifetime. Since repetitive partial discharges (PDs) caused by anomalies in the insulation system lead to premature breakdowns of electrical machines, a reliable PD detection is of great importance. This paper proposes deep learning (DL) methods to improve the discrimination of PD from background noise in comparison with the state-of-the-art amplitude based PD detection in the production line. First, a systematic data extraction and labeling procedure is introduced to obtain correctly labeled datasets from arbitrary PD measurements. In addition, datasets are enhanced with low signal-to-noise ratio PD pulses by applying a special data augmentation approach. 13 different convolutional, recurrent and fully connected neural networks are compared for various time-frequency representations of the input signals. Hyperparameters for input transform, network topology and solver are optimized for all 13 combinations to ensure a fair case study. As a result, the two-dimensional convolutional neural network with continuous wavelet transform achieves the best accuracy of around 99.76% on a test dataset of PD signals originating from previously not utilized test objects. All DL models considered in this comparison outperform the state-of-the-art threshold-based PD classification. Even for PD events with an amplitude close to the noise level, the detection rate is still around 95% for the best network. Furthermore, without applying the proposed data augmentation procedure, the DL models investigated are not able to distinguish small PD pulses from noise.</abstract>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Rauscher</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Johannes</first_name>
      <last_name>Kaiser</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Manoj</first_name>
      <last_name>Devaraju</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4107</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>20</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <articleNumber>139</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
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    <title language="eng">Influence of Switching on the Aging of High Energy Lithium-Ion Cells</title>
    <abstract language="eng">An AC-battery or multilevel inverter used to increase safety and flexibility is realizable by switching the cells and modules on and off in a defined way and thus can replace the bidirectional converter. Assessing possible additional aging due to switching, the results of a previous study for a high-power optimized cell showed no influence on the current rates or the switching. In this paper, a highly energy-optimized LG 18650-cell is investigated to discuss the influence of switching during the charge and discharge process, respectively, as well as combining both processes together with clear performance differences when applying higher charge and discharge currents. Moreover, the influence of switching is discussed for the two frequencies (50 Hz and 10 kHz) and different duty cycles. The aging is analyzed by capacity loss and resistance increase, by dV/dQ analysis, and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We found no clear negative influence of switching but a positive effect if the cells are switched during charge. The best performance is found for switching during charge as well as during discharge. The cell aging during switching is clearly determined by the average and not the maximum current applied. This work shows no negative effects of multilevel inverter applications on the tested cells.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2313-0105</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-41074</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Xenia</first_name>
      <last_name>Straßer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Guy</first_name>
      <last_name>Williams Ngaleu</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Hanzl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Mohamed</first_name>
      <last_name>Azzam</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>18650</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NMC811</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphite</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>switching</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>multilevel inverter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>frequency</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>cycle life</value>
    </subject>
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    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4795</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
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    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>12</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>95</issue>
    <volume>2024</volume>
    <articleNumber>112483</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
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    <completedDate>2024-06-17</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Influence of inhomogeneous state of charge distributions on thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">It is well known that lithium-ion batteries pose a certain safety risk. The thermal runaway of a cell and the subsequent thermal propagation through the battery are considered particularly dangerous. Effective solutions for their mitigation are therefore of great interest. Previous studies have shown the significant influence&#13;
of a cell’s state of charge (SOC) on its behavior during thermal runaway. This relation may be exploitable in a battery pack to improve its safety. This study aims to assess the leverage of active SOC reduction in the imminent threat of thermal runaway. Implementing such a technique could become feasible with the emergence of reconfigurable battery systems. Four experiments were conducted, each with a module of three fresh 63 Ah high energy pouch cells in a spring-loaded bracing. The experiments studied different stationary SOC configurations, uniform (100% and 60%) and non-uniform (100%–60%–100% and 100%–20%–100%). The results indicate that thermal propagation is substantially delay (87 s) by discharging a cell in its path. The SOC reduction primarily decreases the maximum temperature of the respective cell. Further effects are a calmer thermal runaway and prolonged propagation time within the cell as well as to the next cell. In comparison, the SOC reduction has little impact on the cell’s own triggering time, as the triggering time is mainly determined by the thermal energy transferred from the preceding cell and hence by its SOC. Furthermore, the analysis of the experimental data (temperature, voltage, pressure, video) gives insights into the propagation of thermal runaway through the individual layers of a cell. With reference to the position of a cell relative to the origin of the thermal propagation, a decrease of its mass loss and an increase of its internal propagation time is observed. This effect is attributed to the decreasing module pressure due to progressive loss of material. The assessment shows that active SOC reduction techniques have great leverage for mitigating or even stopping thermal propagation in a battery pack.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Theiler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Alexander</first_name>
      <last_name>Baumann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>4315</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>27</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>10</volume>
    <articleNumber>3</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Basel</publisherPlace>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-12-21</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Evaluating the Aging-Induced Voltage Slippery as Cause for Float Currents of Lithium-ion Cells</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of float current analysis in lithium-ion batteries, a promising new testing method to assess calendar aging. Float currents are defined as the steady-state trickle charge current after a transient part. In the literature, a correlation to capacity loss was reported. Assuming the float current compensates for the voltage decay over time and is linked to calendar aging, effects from voltage slippery must be considered. The dU/dQ analysis suggests solely a loss of active lithium. Therefore, we investigate the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth as the general aging mechanism to explain the origin of float currents. Our results show that the voltage slippery theory holds true within the low to middle test voltage ranges. However, the theory’s explanatory power begins to diminish at higher voltage ranges, suggesting the existence of additional, yet unidentified, factors influencing the float current. A shuttle reaction or lithiation of the cathode by electrolyte decomposition are the most promising alternative aging mechanisms at high voltages. The paper proposes a unique voltage slippery model to check for correlations between aging mechanisms, the float current test and the check-up test. For a better understanding, test strategies are proposed to verify/falsify the aging mechanisms beyond SEI.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2313-0105</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-43157</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Mohamed</first_name>
      <last_name>Azzam</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
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    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/4315/batteries-10-00003-v2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>5538</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
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    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>6</pageNumber>
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    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-01-08</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Optimization of Sensor Setup and Filter Frequency for End-of-Line Partial Discharge Testing of Electrical Machines</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2024 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles &amp; International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-8-3503-7390-5</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Rauscher</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Peer</first_name>
      <last_name>Stenzel</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>5365</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>19</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <articleNumber>e202400627</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
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    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2024-12-03</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Comparison of dU/dQ, Voltage Decay, and Float Currents via Temperature Ramps and Steps in Li‐ion Batteries</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries &amp; Supercaps</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2566-6223</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-53655</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Mohamed</first_name>
      <last_name>Azzam</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Moritz</first_name>
      <last_name>Ehrensberger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dirk Uwe</first_name>
      <last_name>Sauer</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
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    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
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    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>37</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>11</issue>
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    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
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    <completedDate>2024-09-26</completedDate>
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    <title language="eng">Short‐Term Tests, Long‐Term Predictions – Accelerating Ageing Characterisation of Lithium‐Ion Batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">AbstractFor the battery industry, quick determination of the ageing behaviour of lithium‐ion batteries is important both for the evaluation of existing designs as well as for R&amp;D on future technologies. However, the target battery lifetime is 8–10 years, which implies low ageing rates that lead to an unacceptably long ageing test duration under real operation conditions. Therefore, ageing characterisation tests need to be accelerated to obtain ageing patterns in a period ranging from a few weeks to a few months. Known strategies, such as increasing the severity of stress factors, for example, temperature, current, and taking measurements with particularly high precision, need care in application to achieve meaningful results. We observe that this challenge does not receive enough attention in typical ageing studies. Therefore, this review introduces the definition and challenge of accelerated ageing along existing methods to accelerate the characterisation of battery ageing and lifetime modelling. We systematically discuss approaches along the existing literature. In this context, several test conditions and feasible acceleration strategies are highlighted, and the underlying modelling and statistical perspective is provided. This makes the review valuable for all who set up ageing tests, interpret ageing data, or rely on ageing data to predict battery lifetime.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries &amp; Supercaps</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2566-6223</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-51546</identifier>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Sabine</first_name>
      <last_name>Paarmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Markus</first_name>
      <last_name>Schreiber</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ahmed</first_name>
      <last_name>Chahbaz</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Felix</first_name>
      <last_name>Hildenbrand</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Gereon</first_name>
      <last_name>Stahl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Marcel</first_name>
      <last_name>Rogge</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Philipp</first_name>
      <last_name>Dechent</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Oliver</first_name>
      <last_name>Queisser</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Sebastian Dominic</first_name>
      <last_name>Frankl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Pablo</first_name>
      <last_name>Morales Torricos</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Yao</first_name>
      <last_name>Lu</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Nikolay I.</first_name>
      <last_name>Nikolov</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Maria</first_name>
      <last_name>Kateri</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dirk Uwe</first_name>
      <last_name>Sauer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael A.</first_name>
      <last_name>Danzer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Thomas</first_name>
      <last_name>Wetzel</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Markus</first_name>
      <last_name>Lienkamp</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Jossen</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
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    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/5154/Paarmann_Short_Term.pdf</file>
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  <doc>
    <id>6305</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>19</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>172</volume>
    <articleNumber>100529</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>IOP Publishing</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Bristol</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-10-20</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Evaluation of Calendar Aging in Cells with Graphite: Silicon Anode Using Float Current Analysis Under the Influence of Voltage Hysteresis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This study investigates the calendar aging of lithium-ion batteries with graphite-silicon anodes using float current analysis. While float current analysis is already a proven method for assessing aging in cells with graphite-based anodes, the presence of silicon introduces additional complexities due to its voltage hysteresis. We address this by comparing the results for the scaling factor separately for charge and discharge. The scaling factor is initially derived from charge and discharge GITT measurements on fresh cells, including an aging-induced shift among both electrode curves. This approach enables quantification of SEI growth ISEI growth, and cathode lithiation current ICL bridging measured results for float currents with capacity loss rate. As a result, the scaling factor during charge delivered the most meaningful results regarding fitted aging currents. By extending the estimation method based on the Arrhenius equation across temperatures from 5 °C to 50 °C, our model is validated against measured float currents, improving the predictive accuracy of long-term aging trends in silicon-containing anodes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy provided further insights into degradation mechanisms, revealing a strong correlation between cathode lithiation by salt decomposition and resistance increase at high voltages (⩾4.15 V), confirmed by pulse tests at 100% SOC showing a sharp resistance increase at&#13;
elevated voltages.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of The Electrochemical Society</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1945-7111</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-63053</identifier>
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    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Iqra</first_name>
      <last_name>Kiran</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Mohamed</first_name>
      <last_name>Azzam</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Nauman Zafar</first_name>
      <last_name>Butt</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/6305/Kiran_2025_J_Electrochem.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>5537</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>410</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>432</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>78</issue>
    <volume>2025</volume>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-01-08</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Reconstruction-based visual anomaly detection in wound rotor synchronous machine production using convolutional autoencoders and structural similarity</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Manufacturing wound rotor synchronous machines (WRSMs) for electric vehicle traction systems necessitates rigorous quality inspection to ensure optimal product performance and efficiency. This paper presents a novel visual anomaly detection method for monitoring the needle winding process of WRSMs, utilizing unsupervised learning with convolutional autoencoders (CAEs) and the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). The method identifies deviations from the desired orthocyclic winding pattern during each stage of the winding process, enabling early detection of winding errors and preventing resource wastage and potential damage to the product or winding machinery. Trajectory-synchronized frame extraction aligns the visual inspection system with the winding trajectory, ensuring precise monitoring traceable to a specific point in the winding process. We present the comprehensive Winding Anomaly Dataset (WAD), which comprises images of WRSM rotor prototypes with and without winding faults recorded in different lighting conditions. The proposed reconstruction-based anomaly detection technique is trained on fault-free data only and utilizes the introduced masked mean structural dissimilarity index measure (MMSDIM) to focus on the relevant sections of the winding during inference. Comprehensive comparative analysis reveals that the CAE with unregularized latent space and the maximum mean discrepancy Wasserstein autoencoder (MMD-WAE) outperform the beta variational autoencoder (beta-VAE) in terms of anomaly detection performance, with the CAE and WAE delivering comparable results. Extensive testing confirms the approach’s effectiveness, achieving 95.6 % recall at 100 % precision, an AUROC of 99.9 %, and an average precision of 99.1 % on the challenging WAD, considerably outperforming state-of-the-art visual anomaly detection models. This work thus offers a robust solution for WRSM production quality monitoring and promotes the incorporation of visual inspection in electric drive manufacturing systems.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Manufacturing Systems</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1878-6642</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-55371</identifier>
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    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2024.12.005</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Markus</first_name>
      <last_name>Kohler</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dionysios</first_name>
      <last_name>Mitsios</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/5537/1-s2.0-S027861252400298X-main.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1041</id>
    <completedYear>2020</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>32</issue>
    <volume>2020</volume>
    <articleNumber>101736</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2020-08-17</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">A novel matrix-vector-based framework for modeling and simulation of electric vehicle battery packs</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101736</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmid</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ulrich</first_name>
      <last_name>Vögele</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electric vehicle</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lithium-ion battery pack</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Control-oriented modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electro-thermal model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fault diagnosis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Performance analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2528</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>15</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>53</issue>
    <volume>2022</volume>
    <articleNumber>104815</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-07-19</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Online diagnosis of soft internal short circuits in series-connected battery packs using modified kernel principal component analysis</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Safe operation of large battery storage systems requires advanced fault diagnosis that is able to detect faults and provide an early warning in the event of a fault. Since Internal Short Circuits (ISC) are the most common abuse condition leading to thermal runaway, this study addresses the early detection of incipient soft ISCs at the stage when the fault is still uncritical and does not lead to significant heat generation. The differences in cell voltages as measured by conventional battery management systems prove to be indicative features for ISC diagnosis. However, due to poor balancing and parameter variations, the cell voltage differences exhibit nonlinear variations. This work addresses this challenge with a nonlinear data model based on Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA). To enable an online application in a vehicle, the present work reduces the computational complexity of the method by an optimal choice of training data. An analysis of the contribution of each cell to the fault statistics enables identification of the faulty cell. Since early-stage ISCs can exhibit a wide range of short-circuit resistances, experimental validation is performed with resistances from 10Ω to 10kΩ, which are correctly detected and isolated by the optimized cross-cell monitoring in all cases.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-25282</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.104815</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmid</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>lithium-ion battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>internal short circuit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>fault diagnosis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>fault isolation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>kernel principal component analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>battery safety</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="open_access" number="">open_access</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/2528/1-s2.0-S2352152X22008234-main.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1042</id>
    <completedYear>2020</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2020</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>30</issue>
    <volume>2020</volume>
    <articleNumber>101529</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2020-06-09</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Evaluation of shallow cycling on two types of uncompressed automotive Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2-Graphite pouch cells</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101529</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Meinert</first_name>
      <last_name>Lewerenz</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christiane</first_name>
      <last_name>Rahe</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Georg</first_name>
      <last_name>Fuchs</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dirk Uwe</first_name>
      <last_name>Sauer</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>NMC</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Compression</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cyclic aging tests</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Differential voltage analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Post-mortem analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Irreversible aging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Anode overhang</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Homogeneity of lithium distribution</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1453</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>8</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>39</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <articleNumber>102588</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-24</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Real-time core temperature prediction of prismatic automotive lithium-ion battery cells based on artificial neural networks</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
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    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102588</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Magdalena</first_name>
      <last_name>Stuckenberger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lithium-ion battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Electro-thermal model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thermal model</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Neural network</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Real-time application</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1454</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>10</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>44, Part A</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <articleNumber>103274</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-24</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Thermal behavior of intelligent automotive lithium-ion batteries:&#13;
Experimental study with switchable cells and reconfigurable modules</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.103274</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Alexander</first_name>
      <last_name>Heider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Gordon</first_name>
      <last_name>Elger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>lithium-ion</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>intelligent battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>switchable cell</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>reconfiguration</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>smart cell</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>thermal management</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26589">Elger, Gordon</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1449</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>11</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>48</issue>
    <volume>2022</volume>
    <articleNumber>103732</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-24</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Early detection of Internal Short Circuits in series-connected battery packs based on nonlinear process monitoring</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.103732</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmid</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Lithium-ion battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Internal Short Circuit</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fault diagnosis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kernel Principal Component Analysis</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cell inconsistencies</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Battery safety</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1187</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>40</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <articleNumber>102686</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-11</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Thermal behavior of intelligent automotive lithium-ion batteries</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of energy storage</parentTitle>
    <subTitle language="deu">operating strategies for adaptive thermal balancing by reconfiguration</subTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102686</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Jan</first_name>
      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lorenz</first_name>
      <last_name>Lechermann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Gordon</first_name>
      <last_name>Elger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>intelligent battery</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>thermal management</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>balancing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>cell-to-cell variations</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>inhomogeneities</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>thermal modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26589">Elger, Gordon</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1360</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2021</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>39</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <articleNumber>102638</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-22</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Active state and parameter estimation as part of intelligent battery systems</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2352-1538</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102638</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
      <last_name>Liebhart</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6223</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>7</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-09-22</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Convolutional Neural Networks and Thresholding Approaches for Single and Multi-Sensor Detection of Partial Discharges in Electrical Machine Stators</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 15th International 2025 IEEE Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-8-3503-8820-6</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/SDEMPED53223.2025.11153974</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">15th International IEEE Symposium on Diagnostics for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives (SDEMPED 2025), Dallas (USA), 24.-27.08.2025</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Rauscher</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Julian</first_name>
      <last_name>Braun</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Rainer</first_name>
      <last_name>Hiemer</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Marcelo Lobo</first_name>
      <last_name>Heldwein</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1630</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>9</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber>2016-01-0121</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>SAE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Warrendale</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-03-02</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Predictive Vehicle Velocity Control Using Dynamic Traffic Information</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">SAE Technical Paper</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">0148-7191</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2688-3627</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0121</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">SAE 2016 World Congress &amp; Exhibition, Detroit (USA), 12.-14.04.2016</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ulrich</first_name>
      <last_name>Vögele</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1545</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2018</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1807</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1814</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-28</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Stochastic Driver Velocity Prediction with Environmental Features on Naturalistic Driving Data</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">2018 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-7281-0323-5</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569767</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), Maui (USA), 04.-07.11.2018</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Johannes</first_name>
      <last_name>Ziegmann</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Florian</first_name>
      <last_name>Denk</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Ulrich</first_name>
      <last_name>Vögele</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Velocity prediction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>driver behavior modeling</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>energy prediction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Kalman filter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Particle filter</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>switching hidden Markov model</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15984">Fakultät Elektrotechnik und Informatik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6596</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2026</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>8</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName>IEEE</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Piscataway</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2026-01-23</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Closed-Form Modeling of MOSFET Switching Losses Including Variable Gate-Drain Capacitance and Zero-Voltage Switching</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Proceedings of the 2025 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific (ITEC Asia-Pacific)</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="isbn">979-8-3315-5984-7</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">nein</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1109/ITECAsia-Pacific63742.2025.11345027</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_conferenceName">2025 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference and Expo, Asia-Pacific (ITEC Asia-Pacific), Singapore (Singapore), 25.-28.11.2025</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Hanzl</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19311">Fakultät Elektro- und Informationstechnik</collection>
    <collection role="institutes" number="19320">Institut für Innovative Mobilität (IIMo)</collection>
    <collection role="persons" number="26571">Endisch, Christian</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>6294</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>16</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>4</issue>
    <volume>9</volume>
    <articleNumber>e202500559</articleNumber>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName>Wiley</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Weinheim</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>1</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-10-13</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Analyzing the Impact of Electrolyte Motion Induced Salt Inhomogeneity Effect on Apparent Aging: Role of Current Rates and Temperature Effects in Accelerated Cyclic Aging Tests in Li-Ion Batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Accurate and rapid assessment of lithium-ion battery lifetime is essential for predicting remaining lifespan, enabling the selection of appropriate cells for specific applications and determining suitability for second-life use. However, accelerated cyclic aging tests may underestimate a cell's total lifespan due to exaggerated capacity fade that does not occur under real-world conditions. This increased capacity fade is primarily driven by electrolyte motion induced salt inhomogeneity (EMSI) and loss of homogeneity of lithium distribution (HLD). This study investigates the impact of varying charge and discharge currents on capacity loss during accelerated testing in compressed NMC-Gr pouch cells. Most of the capacity loss observed during cycling is fully recoverable after a resting period, with some cells regaining up to 81% of their lost capacity. Contrary to expectations, cells subjected to the highest cycling currents do not exhibit the greatest recoverable capacity loss. This phenomenon can be attributed to the interplay between current and temperature: While higher cycling currents exacerbate EMSI and HLD loss, they simultaneously elevate cell temperature, which mitigates EMSI by weakening polarization, enhancing electrolyte salt diffusion and homogenizing lithium distribution in the anode. Consequently, higher temperatures counteract HLD and EMSI-effect and therefore reduce apparent capacity loss.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries &amp; Supercaps</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">2566-6223</identifier>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-62944</identifier>
    <enrichment key="THI_articleversion">published</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_review">peer-review</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_openaccess">ja</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="THI_relatedIdentifier">https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.202500559</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons BY 4.0</licence>
    <author>
      <first_name>Pablo</first_name>
      <last_name>Morales Torricos</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Andreas</first_name>
      <last_name>Gallenberger</last_name>
    </author>
    <author>
      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Droese</last_name>
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      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Kowal</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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    <title language="eng">Extensive investigation of symmetrical and asymmetrical cascaded multilevel inverters for electric vehicle applications</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Electric Power Systems Research</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1873-2046</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0378-7796</identifier>
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      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
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      <value>Asymmetrical multilevel inverter (MLI)</value>
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      <value>Symmetrical multilevel inverter (MLI)</value>
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      <value>Level Redundancy</value>
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      <value>Voltage pattern</value>
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    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
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      <value>Total harmonic distortion (THD)</value>
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    <publisherName>MDPI</publisherName>
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    <title language="eng">Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Reconfigurable High-Voltage Battery System for Next-Generation Electric Vehicles</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Battery system engineers face the challenge of balancing competing requirements regarding performance, maintainability, sustainability, safety, and cost—especially in the automotive industry. IBS potentially offer a solution with fewer trade-offs. They feature a battery management system with advanced sensing and data analysis capabilities that facilitate improved battery monitoring and operation. Reconfigurable energy storage units enable sophisticated operating strategies, including complete cell state control, full energy content utilization, and a measured response to faults. This article presents the design, development, and operation of a full-scale intelligent battery system prototype comprising 324 automotive lithium-ion cells with a nominal voltage of 400V. The system exhibits a modular single cell architecture and an advanced centralized battery management system. We detail the system architecture, hardware and software component design, and system integration. Initial tests demonstrate the battery’s operability, extended functionality, and enhanced safety. Our analysis shows that the additional losses introduced by reconfigurability are more than offset by the benefits of full energy utilization—even for new cells, with increasing advantage as aging progresses. The results underscore the potential of intelligent battery systems and motivate further research and development toward economic assessment and industrial adoption.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries</parentTitle>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Stefan</first_name>
      <last_name>Schwertner</last_name>
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    <author>
      <first_name>Tobias</first_name>
      <last_name>Buchberger</last_name>
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      <first_name>Simon</first_name>
      <last_name>Diehl</last_name>
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      <last_name>Hanzl</last_name>
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      <last_name>Kleiner</last_name>
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      <first_name>Lidiya</first_name>
      <last_name>Komsiyska</last_name>
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      <first_name>Bernhard</first_name>
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      <first_name>Michael</first_name>
      <last_name>Schmid</last_name>
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      <first_name>Dominik</first_name>
      <last_name>Schneider</last_name>
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      <first_name>Florian</first_name>
      <last_name>Scholz</last_name>
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      <first_name>Sascha</first_name>
      <last_name>Speer</last_name>
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      <first_name>Julia</first_name>
      <last_name>Stöttner</last_name>
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      <first_name>Christoph</first_name>
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    <pageNumber>12</pageNumber>
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    <publisherPlace>Amsterdam</publisherPlace>
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    <title language="eng">Thermal fault detection in battery systems using principal component analysis with adaptive thresholding</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Lithium-ion cells pose serious safety risks when they enter a state with highly exothermic reactions known as thermal runaway. Because elevated temperature is the ultimate trigger for this failure mode, reliable and timely detection of abnormal cell temperature is critical. Early detection enables, user warning, fast emergency response, and provides the basis for effective active prevention strategies. In this work, we present an unsupervised data-driven approach that detects thermal faults by monitoring inter-cell voltage deviations. We apply principal component analysis (PCA) to capture systematic changes in voltage homogeneity that occur when a cell within a battery module heats abnormally. By systematically analyzing the effects of thermal stress on voltage homogeneity under varying operating conditions, we reveal requirements for a reliable detection method. Leveraging these insights, we introduce an adaptive thresholding mechanism. This novel approach significantly boosts the sensitivity to faults for a wide range of operating conditions while maintaining detection robustness. We validate the method through extensive experiments in which we externally heat a single cell within a module with the power of 1 W. Compared to both conventional linear PCA and nonlinear kernel PCA with a constant threshold, linear PCA with adaptive thresholding achieves a significantly better balance between sensitivity and robustness across the full range of test conditions.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Energy Storage</parentTitle>
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    <pageNumber>18</pageNumber>
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    <title language="eng">Comprehensive Analysis of Float Current Behavior and Calendar Aging Mechanisms in Lithium‐Ion Batteries</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Aiming to quantify degradation currents from solid electrolyte interphase formation (ISEIgrowth) and gain of active lithium due to cathode lithiation (ICL), resulting from electrolyte decomposition, the float current behavior of lithium-ion batteries is investigated with different cathode materials. The float current, IFloat , represents the recharge current required to maintain the cell at a fixed potential during calendar aging. This current arises as lithium is irreversibly consumed at the anode or inserted into the cathode, shifting the electrode potentials. To account for the asymmetric response of the electrodes, a voltage-dependent scaling factor, SF, is introduced, derived from the slopes of the electrode-specific voltage curves. Using this factor in combination with measured float currents and capacity loss rates from check-up tests, ISEIgrowth and ICL is quantified at 30 °C across various float voltages. Although the SF and capacity data are limited to 30 °C, the model is extended to a range of 5–50 °C using only float current measurements. The results show that using capacity loss rates alone underestimate ISEIgrowth and that ICL, contributes significantly to the observed float current at elevated voltages, indicating that cathode lithiation plays an increasingly important role in high-voltage calendar aging.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Batteries &amp; Supercaps</parentTitle>
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    <author>
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      <first_name>Dirk Uwe</first_name>
      <last_name>Sauer</last_name>
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      <first_name>Christian</first_name>
      <last_name>Endisch</last_name>
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