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    <id>4904</id>
    <completedYear>2024</completedYear>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>xi, 68</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <articleNumber/>
    <type>masterthesis</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace>Ingolstadt</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2024-07-16</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2024-06-10</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Comparative life cycle assessment of 5th and 4th generation district heating systems with different heat sources in Germany</title>
    <abstract language="eng">This master thesis compares the environmental impacts of 4th-generation district heating (4GDH) and 5th-generation district heating and cooling (5GDHC) systems using different heat sources in Germany. The primary objective is to evaluate and compare the environmental performance of a geothermal-based 5GDHC system with a gas-combined heat and power (CHP) based 4GDH system.&#13;
&#13;
The study follows DIN ISO 14040/14044 standards and employs the SimaPro software with the ecoinvent 3.10 database to perform the LCA. The analysis considers two scenarios: one using the German electricity grid and the other using photovoltaic (PV) panels as the electricity source. Key impact categories assessed include climate change, acidification, freshwater and marine eutrophication, human toxicity and resource depletion.&#13;
&#13;
Results indicate that the 5GDHC system, despite its advanced technology, has higher overall environmental impacts compared to the 4GDH system in most categories, primarily due to the intensive resource use and higher greenhouse gas emissions during the drilling process and operational phases. However, 5GDHC shows lower impacts on human toxicity (cancer-related) and land use efficiency, highlighting areas where it performs better than 4GDH.&#13;
&#13;
This comparative study underscores the need for further optimization and integration of renewable energy sources in 5GDHC systems to enhance their sustainability and reduce their environmental impacts. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the energy sector aiming to achieve carbon neutrality and improve the environmental performance of district heating systems.&#13;
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Keywords: Comparative life cycle assessment (LCA); Life cycle inventory (LCI); District heating system (DHS); 5th generation district heating and cooling system (5GDHC); 4th generation district heating system (4GDH); Geothermal energy; Combined heat and power (CHP); SimaPro; Ecoinvent</abstract>
    <identifier type="urn">urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-49044</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.date">2024-07-16T05:46:40+00:00</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">sword</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.import.user">primuss</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">true</enrichment>
    <licence>Urheberrechtsschutz</licence>
    <advisor>
      <first_name>Tobias</first_name>
      <last_name>Schrag</last_name>
    </advisor>
    <author>
      <first_name>Shubham Sanjiv</first_name>
      <last_name>Jadhav</last_name>
    </author>
    <advisor>
      <first_name>Holger</first_name>
      <last_name>Hoppe</last_name>
    </advisor>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Studiengang Renewable Energy Systems</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="15985">Fakultät Maschinenbau</collection>
    <collection role="degree_programme" number="19339">Renewable Energy Systems (M. Sc.)</collection>
    <collection role="Import" number="deepgreen">DeepGreen</collection>
    <thesisPublisher>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisPublisher>
    <thesisGrantor>Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt</thesisGrantor>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-haw/files/4904/I002009771Thesis.pdf</file>
  </doc>
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