@book{OPUS4-3098, title = {3rd GI/ACM-Workshop "Standardisation on Industry 4.0 Automation and Control Systems" 2018 Proceedings}, editor = {de Meer, Jan and Hof, Hans-Joachim and Rennoch, Axel and Waedt, Karl}, publisher = {Fraunhofer FOKUS}, address = {Berlin}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-fhg-402275}, pages = {89}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{RieglerWintersbergerRieneretal.2019, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving}, volume = {18}, journal = {i-com: Journal of Interactive Media}, number = {2}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2196-6826}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/icom-2018-0033}, pages = {127 -- 149}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{RienerJeon2019, author = {Riener, Andreas and Jeon, Myounghoon}, title = {Guest editors' introduction: multimodal technologies and interaction in the era of automated driving}, volume = {3}, pages = {41}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti3020041}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerWintersbergerFrisonetal.2019, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Wintersberger, Philipp and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Type-o-Steer: Reimagining the Steering Wheel for Productive Non-Driving Related Tasks in Conditionally Automated Vehicles}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814088}, pages = {1699 -- 1706}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{NeblKotzurKochetal.2020, author = {Nebl, Christoph and Kotzur, Frank-Oliver and Koch, Daniel and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Prediction of constant power delivery of lithium-ion cells at high loads}, volume = {2020}, pages = {101552}, journal = {Journal of Energy Storage}, number = {30}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-152X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101552}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Available energy and available capacity are key factors for dimensioning batteries. Discharge duration of a battery and its dependency on discharge current amplitude are well described by Peukert's law from low to medium current ranges. Other equations describe this dependency up to very high current rates, including the currents occurring during a short circuit. It is not current and capacity, but energy and power which are the key parameters for dimensioning battery systems. Thus, the available power of battery cells, vs. the discharge duration was investigated from low to high constant power discharge loads. Based on the results of these experiments, a correlation of the maximum discharge duration for low to medium discharge power pulses, similar to the Peukert's equation was found. Additionally, a new equation is proposed, describing the power range from low to very high discharge power rates. The result of this work simplifies the design of battery systems, its electromechanical components, as well as improves the prediction of available boost power cost-effective way e.g. for hybrid electric vehicles.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MeschtscherjakovTscheligiPflegingetal.2018, author = {Meschtscherjakov, Alexander and Tscheligi, Manfred and Pfleging, Bastian and Sadeghian, Shadan and Ju, Wendy and Palanque, Philippe and Riener, Andreas and Mutlu, Bilge and Kun, Andrew}, title = {Interacting with Autonomous Vehicles: Learning from other Domains}, pages = {W30}, booktitle = {CHI 2018: Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5621-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3170614}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Vaculin2019, author = {Vaculin, Ondrej}, title = {Assessment of a pilot deployment of an automated shuttle bus}, booktitle = {Autosympo 2019}, doi = {http://www.cas-sae.cz/autosympo.php}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{StegerNitscheArbesmeieretal.2020, author = {Steger, Fabian and Nitsche, Alexander and Arbesmeier, Alexander and Brade, Katja and Schweiger, Hans-Georg and Belski, Iouri}, title = {Teaching Battery Basics in Laboratories: Hands-On Versus Simulated Experiments}, volume = {63}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Education}, number = {3}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, issn = {1557-9638}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TE.2020.2970554}, pages = {198 -- 208}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Contribution: Prior studies comparing the effectiveness of different laboratory learning modes do not allow one to draw a universally valid conclusion, as other influences are mixed with the learning modes. In order to contribute to the existing body of work and to add another piece to the puzzle, this article demonstrates an improved methodology to evaluate the effectiveness of computer-simulated laboratories in comparison to hands-on exercises using a battery basics practical course as a case study. Background: Computer-simulated experiments are becoming increasingly popular for conducting laboratory exercises in higher education and vocational training institutions. To ensure the consistent quality of laboratory learning, an accurate comparison between the results of simulated experiments and practical hands-on experiments is required. Intended Outcomes: In this article, the achievement of the following learning objectives were compared between the two laboratory modes: 1) comprehension of the most important parameters of battery cells and 2) knowledge on how these parameters can be determined using adequate experimental procedures. Application Design: To avoid interference of factors other than laboratory mode on the learning, laboratory instructions and experimental interfaces ensured identical execution of the experiments in the compared modes. Using a counterbalanced methodology, the two laboratory modes alternated by the session, while the experimental procedures remained constant regardless of the respective modes. Findings: Tests taken by the participants after conducting the laboratory experiments revealed that hands-on laboratories resulted in statistically significantly better student performance than simulated laboratories. This difference was even more pronounced for the participants that finished a vocational education and training program before the university studies.}, language = {en} } @article{KundingerSofraRiener2020, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Sofra, Nikoletta and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Assessment of the Potential of Wrist-Worn Wearable Sensors for Driver Drowsiness Detection}, volume = {20}, pages = {1029}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/s20041029}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Drowsy driving imposes a high safety risk. Current systems often use driving behavior parameters for driver drowsiness detection. The continuous driving automation reduces the availability of these parameters, therefore reducing the scope of such methods. Especially, techniques that include physiological measurements seem to be a promising alternative. However, in a dynamic environment such as driving, only non- or minimal intrusive methods are accepted, and vibrations from the roadbed could lead to degraded sensor technology. This work contributes to driver drowsiness detection with a machine learning approach applied solely to physiological data collected from a non-intrusive retrofittable system in the form of a wrist-worn wearable sensor. To check accuracy and feasibility, results are compared with reference data from a medical-grade ECG device. A user study with 30 participants in a high-fidelity driving simulator was conducted. Several machine learning algorithms for binary classification were applied in user-dependent and independent tests. Results provide evidence that the non-intrusive setting achieves a similar accuracy as compared to the medical-grade device, and high accuracies (>92\%) could be achieved, especially in a user-dependent scenario. The proposed approach offers new possibilities for human-machine interaction in a car and especially for driver state monitoring in the field of automated driving.}, language = {en} } @article{NotomistaBotsch2017, author = {Notomista, Gennaro and Botsch, Michael}, title = {A Machine Learning Approach for the Segmentation of Driving Maneuvers and its Application in Autonomous Parking}, volume = {7}, journal = {Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Research (JAISCR)}, number = {4}, publisher = {De Gruyter Open}, address = {Warschau}, issn = {2449-6499}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/jaiscr-2017-0017}, pages = {243 -- 255}, year = {2017}, abstract = {A classification system for the segmentation of driving maneuvers and its validation in autonomous parking using a small-scale vehicle are presented in this work. The classifiers are designed to detect points that are crucial for the path-planning task, thus enabling the implementation of efficient autonomous parking maneuvers. The training data set is generated by simulations using appropriate vehicle-dynamics models and the resulting classifiers are validated with the small-scale autonomous vehicle. To achieve both a high classification performance and a classification system that can be implemented on a microcontroller with limited computational resources, a two-stage design process is applied. In a first step an ensemble classifier, the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, is constructed and based on the RF-kernel a General Radial Basis Function (GRBF) classifier is generated. The GRBF-classifier is integrated into the small-scale autonomous vehicle leading to excellent performance in parallel-, cross- and oblique- parking maneuvers. The work shows that segmentation using classifies and open-loop control are an efficient approach in autonomous driving for the implementation of driving maneuvers.}, language = {en} } @article{KimStegerKotaketal.2019, author = {Kim, Woong-Ki and Steger, Fabian and Kotak, Bhavya and Knudsen, Peter V. R. and Girgsdies, Uwe and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Water Condensation in Traction Battery Systems}, volume = {12}, pages = {1171}, journal = {Energies}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061171}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Lithium-ion traction battery systems of hybrid and electric vehicles must have a high level of durability and reliability like all other components and systems of a vehicle. Battery systems get heated while in the application. To ensure the desired life span and performance, most systems are equipped with a cooling system. The changing environmental condition in daily use may cause water condensation in the housing of the battery system. In this study, three system designs were investigated, to compare different solutions to deal with pressure differences and condensation: (1) a sealed battery system, (2) an open system and (3) a battery system equipped with a pressure compensation element (PCE). These three designs were tested under two conditions: (a) in normal operation and (b) in a maximum humidity scenario. The amount of the condensation in the housing was determined through a change in relative humidity of air inside the housing. Through PCE and available spacing of the housing, moisture entered into the housing during the cooling process. While applying the test scenarios, the gradient-based drift of the moisture into the housing contributed maximum towards the condensation. Condensation occurred on the internal surface for all the three design variants.}, language = {en} } @article{MachucaStegerVogtetal.2018, author = {Machuca, Enrique and Steger, Fabian and Vogt, Johanna and Brade, Katja and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Availability of Lithium Ion Batteries from Hybrid and Electric Cars for Second Use}, volume = {6}, journal = {Journal of Electrical Engineering}, subtitle = {How to Forecast for Germany until 2030}, number = {3}, publisher = {David Publishing}, address = {Rosemead}, issn = {2328-2223}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.17265/2328-2223/2018.03.001}, pages = {129 -- 143}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Due to growing numbers of sold HEV (hybrid electric vehicles), PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicles), and BEV (battery electric vehicles), new market opportunities to reuse or recycle old lithium ion batteries arise. Thus, a forecast of available batteries caused by accidents or from end-of-life vehicles was carried out using a mathematical model. Input data were obtained from an estimate of newly registered hybrid and electric vehicles in Germany from 2010 until 2030, from the accident rate of cars in Germany, and from the average cars' lifetime. The results indicate that (a) the total amount of available second use batteries in 2030 will be between 130,000 units/year and 500,000 units/year, (b) the highest amount of batteries will be obtained from end-of-life vehicles not from accident vehicles, although most batteries from accident vehicles will be suitable for 2nd use, and (c) the quantity of hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and electric car batteries available for reuse will continue to rise after 2030.}, language = {en} } @article{GeisbauerWoehrlMittmannetal.2020, author = {Geisbauer, Christian and W{\"o}hrl, Katharina and Mittmann, Christoph and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Review of Safety Aspects of Calendar Aged Lithium Ion Batteries}, volume = {167}, pages = {090523}, journal = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society}, number = {9}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1945-7111}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab89bf}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Nowadays, lithium ion batteries have found their place in a various field of portable applications. With the upcoming of electrically propelled vehicles, it is mandatory to guarantee a safe and predictable behavior during the whole lifetime and not only after manufacturing during performance tests. To gain a general overview of the abuse behavior, research on the topic of abusive tests on calendar-aged cells is being investigated, split up depending on the electrode composition and lined up against each other. It can be shown, that almost all abuse experiments have been performed with external heating tests in the past, still leaving research gaps that need to be filled.}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglPonocny2020, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Ponocny, Ivo}, title = {Group sequential designs applied in psychological research}, volume = {16}, journal = {Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {PsychOpen}, address = {Trier}, issn = {1614-2241}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5964/meth.2811}, pages = {75 -- 91}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Psychological research is confronted with ever-increasing demands to save resources such as time and money while assuring high ethical standards. In medical and pharmaceutical research, group sequential designs have fundamentally changed traditional statistical testing approaches featuring only one analysis at the end of a single-stage study. They enable early stopping at an interim stage, after a group of observations, for efficacy or futility in case of an overwhelmingly large or small effect, respectively. Otherwise, the trial is continued to the next stage. On average over many studies time and money are saved and more ethical trials are facilitated by diminishing the risk of patients' exposure to inferior treatments. We provide an easy-to-use tutorial for psychological research replete with easily understandable figures highlighting the core idea of different group sequential designs, a workflow chart, an empirical real-world data set, and the annotated R code. Finally, we demonstrate the application of early stopping for efficacy.}, language = {en} } @article{SequeiraPatelAfrajetal.2020, author = {Sequeira, Gerald Joy and Patel, Akshay and Afraj, Shahabaz and Lugner, Robert and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {FEM-based methodology for crash severity estimation in frontal crash scenarios}, volume = {2020}, pages = {012019}, journal = {IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering}, number = {831}, publisher = {IOP}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1757-899X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/831/1/012019}, year = {2020}, abstract = {With the technological development of forward-looking sensors, researchers are exploring their use not only for advanced driver assistance systems but also to gain important pre-crash information. Based on this pre-crash information, if the occupant motion inside the vehicle structure can be predicted for the oncoming crash scenario, then an optimal restraint strategy can be planned before the crash. This paper introduces a two-step FEM simulation based methodology for predicting the occupant severity in head-on crash scenarios. In the first step, we simulate the vehicle level model with different impact positions and relative approach angles. The results of these simulations, linear velocities in the longitudinal and lateral direction and angular velocities (roll, pitch, and yaw) during in-crash phase are the loading conditions for next simulation step (occupant level). This step simulates the motion of the driver in different crash scenarios. In this paper, we investigate the head, neck, and chest injury risks from vehicle-to-vehicle crash both traveling at 50 kilometers per hour. Prediction of the head injury criterion, identifying the cases where additional deployment of side-airbags and discussion of injury criteria with contour plots are the main outcome of this paper.}, language = {en} } @inbook{KolbWechSchwabeetal.2020, author = {Kolb, Jan Christopher and Wech, Lothar and Schwabe, Martin and Ruzok, Christopher and Trost, Christoph}, title = {Technische Aspekte des automatisierten Fahrens am Projekt des autonomen Shuttlebusses in Bad Birnbach}, booktitle = {Autonome Shuttlebusse im {\"O}PNV}, editor = {Riener, Andreas and Appel, Alexandra and Dorner, Wolfgang and Huber, Thomas and Kolb, Jan Christopher and Wagner, Harry}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-662-59405-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59406-3_5}, pages = {57 -- 91}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Die Entwickler von selbstfahrenden Fahrzeugen sind sich einig, dass es nach heutigem Stand der Technik {\"u}ber eine Milliarde Testkilometer bedarf, um ein autonom fahrendes Fahrzeug zu entwickeln. Daher {\"u}berrascht es nicht, dass der „autonome" Shuttlebus in Bad Birnbach lediglich als teilautomatisiert einzustufen ist. Dennoch ist das Projekt wertvoll, um Erkenntnisse f{\"u}r die Entwicklung von autonomen Fahrzeugen zu erlangen und deren Einsatz im {\"o}ffentlichen Personennahverkehr ({\"O}PNV) beurteilen zu k{\"o}nnen. Im vorliegenden Teilprojekt wurden innerhalb von vier Monaten {\"u}ber dreihundert Situationen dokumentiert, in denen die Fahrt unplanm{\"a}ßig unterbrochen wurde. Diese wurden anschließend ausgewertet und teilweise in Versuchen nachgestellt. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der Shuttlebus im aktuellen Betriebsmodell unfallfrei fahren kann. Allerdings ist f{\"u}r das unfall- und unterbrechungsfreie Fahren der durch die Zulassungsauflagen vorgeschriebene Operator an Bord zwingend erforderlich. Dieser muss an verschiedenen Stellen der Strecke - inklusive der Haltestellen - die Weiterfahrt best{\"a}tigen, den Bus um Hindernisse lenken und bei einem drohenden Unfall eingreifen. Ohne Operator k{\"a}me es zur Kollision, da die Technik des Busses nicht alle kritischen Situationen erkennt. Der Bus kann im aktuellen Entwicklungsstand weder fahrerlos betrieben noch als zuverl{\"a}ssige Erg{\"a}nzung im {\"O}PNV eingesetzt werden. Der Bus stellt dennoch einen wichtigen Schritt in Richtung autonomen Fahrens dar, welches weiterhin im Rahmen zuk{\"u}nftiger Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekte vorangetrieben werden muss.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{StegerNitscheMileyetal.2017, author = {Steger, Fabian and Nitsche, Alexander and Miley, Cayler and Schweiger, Hans-Georg and Belski, Iouri}, title = {Laboratory Learning: Hands-on versus Simulated Experiments}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education (AAEE 2017)}, editor = {Huda, Nazmul and Inglis, David and Tse, Nicholas and Town, Graham}, publisher = {Macquarie University}, address = {Sydney}, isbn = {978-0-646-98026-3}, url = {https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/publications/proceedings-of-the-28th-annual-conference-of-the-australasian-ass}, pages = {940 -- 947}, year = {2017}, abstract = {CONTEXT Many universities and vocational training institutions conduct laboratories as simulated experiments. This is due to the costs and supervision needs to conduct hands-on labs safely. Numerous studies have presented mixed opinions on whether hands-on laboratory work is more conducive to learning than a simulated laboratory. Most of the studies put students from experimental and control groups in significantly different conditions. Therefore, it is hard to reach any definite conclusion regarding the influence of the learning mode onto the learning achievements. PURPOSE This study compares learning outcomes of student laboratory work in an energy storages course conducted in two different modes: first as a practical hands-on exercise and second using computer-based simulations. APPROACH In order to provide reliable insights, this study implements optimized research methodology to avoid any other effect (e.g. learning synchronicity/distance learning/instructions) on the learning outcome rather than the effect of the learning mode itself. The student laboratory experiments were created in a manner that they could be conducted in both modes in the same way and using a single set of instructions. To ensure a comparable group environment for the individual student, the students were arranged into two similar groups based on the student's practical experience. In this crossover study, the groups were taught the same topics by means of interchanging learning modes. RESULTS To evaluate the influence of each mode on student learning, short written tests regarding the previous experiment were conducted at the beginning of the subsequent laboratory session. 102 students have taken part in the study in two years. Overall learning results of hands-on experiments were slightly better than those of simulated laboratories (Cohen's d=0.25), the difference in performance was statistically significant (p<0.02). Through solicited feedback on each laboratory session, in hands-on mode more students expressed they have acquired new insights/comprehensions (76\% vs. 66\%, Cohen's d=0.23, small effect, p<0.07). CONCLUSIONS Following the strategy not to optimize the lessons individually to the learning mode, other influences on the learning outcome, which were usually mixed, were excluded. The students' subjective opinions show advantages of the hands-on mode. Based on the objective data, a weak, but significant outcome to better knowledge acquisition with hands-on laboratory experiments was achieved. This observation is against the trend of the literature in the last years towards better or equal learning with nontraditional labs. Some of the excluded factors might have a stronger influence on student learning than estimated previously. To get a clear view, the authors recommend isolated research.}, language = {en} } @article{NeblStegerSchweiger2017, author = {Nebl, Christoph and Steger, Fabian and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Discharge Capacity of Energy Storages as a Function of the Discharge Current-Expanding Peukert's equation}, volume = {12}, journal = {International Journal of Electrochemical Science}, number = {6}, publisher = {ESG}, address = {Belgrad}, issn = {1452-3981}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.20964/2017.06.51}, pages = {4940 -- 4957}, year = {2017}, abstract = {In 1897 Wilhelm Peukert tested lead-acid batteries with constant current and observed that a single equation can describe the relationship between the discharge capacity of the battery and a constant discharge current. In this article the dependence of the discharge capacity of lithium-ion battery cells, electrochemical double-layer capacitors and lithium capacitors are investigated from low to very high discharge rates. From low to intermediate discharge rates, these energy storage devices show ideal Peukert behavior, but a deviation was observed at high discharge rates. The cells provide less charge than predicted by Peukert's Law. To describe this deviation, a new equation has been derived by expanding Peukert's law to very discharge rates. It is capable to describe the discharge behavior of lithium-ion battery cells, electrochemical double-layer capacitors and lithium capacitors from low to high discharge rates in an unequivocal way.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{deMeerWaedtRennochetal.2019, author = {de Meer, Jan and Waedt, Karl and Rennoch, Axel and Hof, Hans-Joachim}, title = {4th GI/ACM Workshop on standardization of I4.0 automation and control systems}, volume = {2019}, booktitle = {Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI) - Proceedings}, number = {Volume P-295}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V.}, address = {Bonn}, isbn = {978-3-88579-689-3}, issn = {1617-5468}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.18420/inf2019_ws27}, pages = {241 -- 242}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{MuellerBotschBoehmlaenderetal.2018, author = {M{\"u}ller, Marcus and Botsch, Michael and B{\"o}hml{\"a}nder, Dennis and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Machine Learning Based Prediction of Crash Severity Distributions for Mitigation Strategies}, volume = {9 (2018)}, journal = {Journal of Advances in Information Technology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Engineering and Technology Publishing}, address = {Rowland Heights (CA)}, issn = {1798-2340}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.12720/jait.9.1.15-24}, pages = {15 -- 24}, year = {2018}, abstract = {In road traffic, critical situations pass by as quickly as they appear. Within the blink of an eye, one has to come to a decision, which can make the difference between a low severity, high severity or fatal crash. Because time is important, a machine learning driven Crash Severity Predictor (CSP) is presented which provides the estimated crash severity distribution of an imminent crash in less than 0.2ms. This is 63⋅ 103 times faster compared to predicting the same distribution through computationally expensive numerical simulations. With the proposed method, even very complex crash data, like the results of Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations, can be made available ahead of a collision. Knowledge, which can be used to prepare occupants and vehicle to an imminent crash, activate and adjust safety measures like airbags or belt tensioners before of a collision or let self-driving vehicles go for the maneuver with the lowest crash severity. Using a real-world crash test it is shown that significant safety potential is left unused if instead of the CSP-proposed driving maneuver, no or the wrong actions are taken.}, language = {en} } @article{NadarajanBotschSardina2018, author = {Nadarajan, Parthasarathy and Botsch, Michael and Sardina, Sebastian}, title = {Machine Learning Architectures for the Estimation of Predicted Occupancy Grids in Road Traffic}, volume = {9}, journal = {Journal of Advances in Information Technology}, number = {1}, publisher = {Engineering and Technology Publishing}, address = {Rowland Heights (CA)}, issn = {1798-2340}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.12720/jait.9.1.1-9}, pages = {1 -- 9}, year = {2018}, abstract = {This paper introduces a novel machine learning architecture for an efficient estimation of the probabilistic space-time representation of complex traffic scenarios. A detailed representation of the future traffic scenario is of significant importance for autonomous driving and for all active safety systems. In order to predict the future spacetime representation of the traffic scenario, first the type of traffic scenario is identified and then the machine learning algorithm maps the current state of the scenario to possible future states. The input to the machine learning algorithms is the current state representation of a traffic scenario, termed as the Augmented Occupancy Grid (AOG). The output is the probabilistic space-time representation which includes uncertainties regarding the behaviour of the traffic participants and is termed as the Predicted Occupancy Grid (POG). The novel architecture consists of two Stacked Denoising Autoencoders (SDAs) and a set of Random Forests. It is then compared with the other two existing architectures that comprise of SDAs and DeconvNet. The architectures are validated with the help of simulations and the comparisons are made both in terms of accuracy and computational time. Also, a brief overview on the applications of POGs in the field of active safety is presented.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChaulwarBotschUtschick2016, author = {Chaulwar, Amit and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {A Hybrid Machine Learning Approach for Planning Safe Trajectories in Complex Traffic-Scenarios}, booktitle = {2016 15th IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Los Alamitos}, isbn = {978-1-5090-6167-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMLA.2016.0095}, pages = {540 -- 546}, year = {2016}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NeumeierWalelgneBajpaietal.2019, author = {Neumeier, Stefan and Walelgne, Ermias Andargie and Bajpai, Vaibhav and Ott, J{\"o}rg and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Measuring the Feasibility of Teleoperated Driving in Mobile Networks}, booktitle = {TMA Conference 2019: Proceedings of the 3rd Network Traffic Measurement and Analysis Conference}, editor = {Secci, Stefano and Chrisment, Isabelle and Fiore, Marco and Tabourier, Lionel and Lim, Keun-Woo}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-3-903176-17-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.23919/TMA.2019.8784466}, pages = {113 -- 120}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{StegerArbesmeierNitscheetal.2019, author = {Steger, Fabian and Arbesmeier, Alexander and Nitsche, Alexander and Brade, Katja and Schweiger, Hans-Georg and Belski, Iouri}, title = {Laboratory learning}, booktitle = {Varietas delectat… Complexity is the new normality: SEFI 47th Annual Conference Proceedings}, subtitle = {influence of the perceived laboratory mode on learning outcomes}, editor = {Nagy, Bal{\´a}zs Vince and Murphy, Mike and J{\"a}rvinen, Hannu-Matti and K{\´a}lm{\´a}n, Anik{\´o}}, publisher = {SEFI}, address = {Br{\"u}ssel}, isbn = {978-2-87352-018-2}, doi = {https://www.sefi.be/proceedings/?conference=2019-budapest-isbn-978-2-87352-018-2}, pages = {1897 -- 1907}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PourtoulidouStegerBurgeretal.2019, author = {Pourtoulidou, Despoina and Steger, Fabian and Burger, Uli and G{\"o}llinger, Harald and K{\"o}nig, Ludwig and Obermeier, Erwin and Schweiger, Hans-Georg and Frey, Andreas}, title = {Mission-framed Project-based Learning and Teaching}, booktitle = {Varietas delectat… Complexity is the new normality: SEFI 47th Annual Conference Proceedings}, subtitle = {integrating an Electric Powertrain into a Motor Glider}, editor = {Nagy, Bal{\´a}zs Vince and Murphy, Mike and J{\"a}rvinen, Hannu-Matti and K{\´a}lm{\´a}n, Anik{\´o}}, publisher = {SEFI}, address = {Br{\"u}ssel}, isbn = {978-2-87352-018-2}, doi = {https://www.sefi.be/proceedings/?conference=2019-budapest-isbn-978-2-87352-018-2}, pages = {879 -- 888}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FrisonWintersbergerLiuetal.2019, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Wintersberger, Philipp and Liu, Tianjia and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Why do you like to drive automated?: a context-dependent analysis of highly automated driving to elaborate requirements for intelligent user interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of IUI 2019}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6272-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302331}, pages = {528 -- 537}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HehenkampFacchiNeumeier2019, author = {Hehenkamp, Niklas and Facchi, Christian and Neumeier, Stefan}, title = {How to achieve traffic safety with LTE and edge computing}, booktitle = {Advances in Information and Communication}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-12387-1}, issn = {2367-3370}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12388-8_12}, pages = {164 -- 176}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{HegdeFestag2019, author = {Hegde, Anupama and Festag, Andreas}, title = {Mode Switching Strategies in Cellular-V2X}, volume = {52}, journal = {IFAC-PapersOnLine}, number = {8}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2405-8963}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.08.052}, pages = {81 -- 86}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesMembarthGaulletal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Membarth, Richard and Gaull, Andreas and Slusallek, Philipp and Dirndorfer, Tobias and Kammenhuber, Alexander and Lauer, Christoph and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Parallel multi-hypothesis algorithm for criticality estimation in traffic and collision avoidance}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway (NJ)}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814015}, pages = {2164 -- 2171}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChaulwarAlHashimiBotschetal.2019, author = {Chaulwar, Amit and Al-Hashimi, Hussein and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Efficient hybrid machine learning algorithm for trajectory planning in critical 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positioning by means of LiDAR}, booktitle = {2019 DGON Inertial Sensors and Systems (ISS) : Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway (NJ)}, isbn = {978-1-7281-1935-9}, issn = {2377-3480}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ISS46986.2019.8943731}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesBotschHuberetal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {High precision indoor navigation for autonomous vehicles}, booktitle = {2019 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation}, publisher = {IEEE}, isbn = {978-1-7281-1788-1}, issn = {2471-917X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IPIN.2019.8911780}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KruberSanchezMoralesBotschetal.2019, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Chakraborty, Samarjit}, title = {Unsupervised and Supervised Learning with the Random Forest Algorithm for Traffic Scenario Clustering and Classification}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway (NJ)}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813994}, pages = {2463 -- 2470}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{KuehlmorgenLuFestagetal.2019, author = {K{\"u}hlmorgen, Sebastian and Lu, Hongsheng and Festag, Andreas and Kenney, John and Gemsheim, Sebastian and Fettweis, Gerhard}, title = {Evaluation of Congestion-Enabled Forwarding With Mixed Data Traffic in Vehicular Communications}, volume = {21}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems}, number = {1}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {1558-0016}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2018.2890619}, pages = {233 -- 247}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{HungZhangFestagetal.2019, author = {Hung, Shao-Chou and Zhang, Xin and Festag, Andreas and Chen, Kwang-Cheng and Fettweis, Gerhard}, title = {Vehicle-Centric Network Association in Heterogeneous Vehicle-to-Vehicle Networks}, volume = {68}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology}, number = {6}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {1939-9359}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2019.2910324}, pages = {5981 -- 5996}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DeloozFestag2020, author = {Delooz, Quentin and Festag, Andreas}, title = {Network Load Adaptation for Collective Perception in V2X Communication}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE 2019 IEEE International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo (ICCVE) Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0142-2}, issn = {2378-1297}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCVE45908.2019.8964988}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NeumeierFacchi2019, author = {Neumeier, Stefan and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Towards a driver support system for teleoperated driving}, booktitle = {2019 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address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5970-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300374}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WintersbergerDmitrenkoSchartmuelleretal.2019, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Dmitrenko, Dmitrijs and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Maggioni, Emanuela and Obrist, Marianna and Riener, Andreas}, title = {S(C)ENTINEL: monitoring automated vehicles with olfactory reliability displays}, booktitle = {Proceedings of IUI 2019}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6272-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3301275.3302332}, pages = {538 -- 546}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{vonSawitzkyWintersbergerRieneretal.2019, author = {von Sawitzky, Tamara and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Gabbard, Joseph}, title = {Increasing trust in fully automated driving: route indication on an augmented reality head-up display}, booktitle = {PerDis '19: Proceedings of the 8th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays}, editor = {Cauchard, Jessica and Gentile, Vito and Khamis, Mohamed and Sorce, Salvatore}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6751-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3321335.3324947}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BoffiWintersbergerCesarettietal.2019, author = {Boffi, Laura and Wintersberger, Philipp and Cesaretti, Paola and Mincolelli, Guiseppe and Riener, Andreas}, title = {The first co-drive experience prototype}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 11th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6920-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3349263.3351318}, pages = {254 -- 259}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoeckenWintersbergerFrisonetal.2019, author = {L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Investigating User Requirements for Communication Between Automated Vehicles and Vulnerable Road Users}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814027}, pages = {879 -- 884}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KundingerWintersbergerRiener2019, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas}, title = {(Over)Trust in Automated Driving: The Sleeping Pill of Tomorrow?}, pages = {LBW2418}, booktitle = {CHI'19 Extended Abstracts: Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5971-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3290607.3312869}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{RienerMirnig2019, author = {Riener, Andreas and Mirnig, Alexander G.}, title = {Guest Editors Introduction to the Special Issue 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Christian}, title = {Fully Reactive Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation for VANET Devices}, booktitle = {2018 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0323-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569663}, pages = {3755 -- 3760}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZeindlFacchi2019, author = {Zeindl, Markus and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Measuring Architectural Misfit}, booktitle = {2018 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence - WI 2018. 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ICANN 2018 : 27th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks,Rhodes, Greece, October 4-7, 2018 : Proceedings, Part I}, editor = {Kurkov{\´a}, Vera and Manolopoulos, Yannis and Hammer, Barbara and Iliadis, Lazaros and Maglogiannis, Ilias}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-01418-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01418-6_42}, pages = {423 -- 434}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FrisonRienerWintersbergeretal.2018, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Riener, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens}, title = {Man vs. Machine: A Documentary About Automated Driving In 2018 Somewhere In Bavaria}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 10th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5947-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3267124}, pages = {256 -- 258}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuellerLongBotschetal.2018, author = {M{\"u}ller, Marcus and Long, Xing and Botsch, Michael and B{\"o}hml{\"a}nder, Dennis and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Real-Time Crash Severity Estimation with Machine Learning and 2D Mass-Spring-Damper Model}, booktitle = {2018 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0323-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569471}, pages = {2036 -- 2043}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChaulwarBotschUtschick2017, author = {Chaulwar, Amit and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {A machine learning based biased-sampling approach for planning safe trajectories in complex, dynamic traffic-scenarios}, booktitle = {2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {[Piscataway (NJ)]}, isbn = {978-1-5090-4804-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995735}, pages = {297 -- 303}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DiepoldGoetzlRieneretal.2017, author = {Diepold, Katharina and G{\"o}tzl, Kerstin and Riener, Andreas and Frison, Anna-Katharina}, title = {Automated Driving: Acceptance and Chances for Elderly People}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 9th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5151-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3131726.3131738}, pages = {163 -- 167}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{CanasSanchezMoralesBotschetal.2018, author = {Ca{\~n}as, Valentin and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andres}, title = {Wireless Communication System for the Validation of Autonomous Driving Functions on Full-Scale Vehicles}, booktitle = {2018 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-3543-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2018.8519492}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @unpublished{KruberWurstBotschetal.2019, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and Wurst, Jonas and Botsch, Michael and Chakraborty, Samarjit}, title = {Highway traffic data: macroscopic, microscopic and criticality analysis for capturing relevant traffic scenarios and traffic modeling based on the highD data set}, publisher = {arXiv}, address = {Ithaca}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1903.04249}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GallitzBotschdeCandidoetal.2018, author = {Gallitz, Oliver and Botsch, Michael and de Candido, Oliver and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Validation of Machine Learning Algorithms through Visualization Methods}, booktitle = {ELIV-MarketPlace 2018}, publisher = {VDI Verlag}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, isbn = {978-3-18-092338-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.51202/9783181023389-29}, pages = {29 -- 46}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuellerBotschBoehmlaenderetal.2017, author = {M{\"u}ller, Marcus and Botsch, Michael and B{\"o}hml{\"a}nder, Dennis and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {A Simulation Framework for Vehicle Safety Testing}, booktitle = {Aktive Sicherheit und Automatisieres Fahren : 3. Interdisziplin{\"a}rer Expertendialog (IEDAS)}, editor = {Klaffke, Werner}, publisher = {expert Verlag}, address = {Renningen}, isbn = {978-3-8169-3405-9}, pages = {147 -- 167}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BraunVoelkelHussmannetal.2018, author = {Braun, Michael and V{\"o}lkel, Sarah Theres and Hussmann, Heinrich and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Alt, Florian and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Beyond Transportation: How to Keep Users Attached When They Are Neither Driving nor Owning Automated Cars?}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 10th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5947-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3265963}, pages = {175 -- 180}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerWintersbergerRieneretal.2018, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {Investigating User Preferences for Windshield Displays in Automated Vehicles}, pages = {8}, booktitle = {Proceedings: Pervasive Displays 2018 - The 7th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays}, editor = {Schmidt, Albrecht and Williamson, Julie R. and Elhart, Ivan and Baldauf, Matthias and Mikusz, Mateusz and Sorce, Salvatore and Kurdyukova, Katja and El.Agroudy, Passant and Gentile, Vito}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5765-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3205873.3205885}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FrisonRienerJeonetal.2018, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Riener, Andreas and Jeon, Myounghoon and Pfleging, Bastian and Alvarez, Ignacio}, title = {Workshop on Designing Highly Automated Driving Systems as Radical Innovation}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 10th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5947-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3239092.3239097}, pages = {37 -- 43}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FrisonAignerWintersbergeretal.2018, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Aigner, Laura and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Who is Generation A? Investigating the Experience of Automated Driving for Different Age Groups}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 10th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-5946-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3239060.3239087}, pages = {94 -- 104}, year = {2018}, language = {en} }