@article{SanchezMoralesDauthHuberetal.2021, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Dauth, Julian and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s and Botsch, Michael}, title = {High precision outdoor and indoor reference state estimation for testing autonomous vehicles}, volume = {21}, pages = {1131}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041131}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A current trend in automotive research is autonomous driving. For the proper testing and validation of automated driving functions a reference vehicle state is required. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are useful in the automation of the vehicles because of their practicality and accuracy. However, there are situations where the satellite signal is absent or unusable. This research work presents a methodology that addresses those situations, thus largely reducing the dependency of Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs) on the SatNav. The proposed methodology includes (1) a standstill recognition based on machine learning, (2) a detailed mathematical description of the horizontation of inertial measurements, (3) sensor fusion by means of statistical filtering, (4) an outlier detection for correction data, (5) a drift detector, and (6) a novel LiDAR-based Positioning Method (LbPM) for indoor navigation. The robustness and accuracy of the methodology are validated with a state-of-the-art INS with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) correction data. The results obtained show a great improvement in the accuracy of vehicle state estimation under adverse driving conditions, such as when the correction data is corrupted, when there are extended periods with no correction data and in the case of drifting. The proposed LbPM method achieves an accuracy closely resembling that of a system with RTK.}, language = {en} } @article{BanoHegnerHeinrichetal.2020, author = {Bano, Tayyaba and Hegner, Franziska and Heinrich, Martin and Schwarze, R{\"u}diger}, title = {Investigation of Fluid-Structure Interaction Induced Bending for Elastic Flaps in a Cross Flow}, volume = {10}, pages = {6177}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {18}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/app10186177}, year = {2020}, abstract = {With the recent increase in the design of light and flexible structures, numerical investigations of fluid and structure together play a significant role in most engineering applications. Therefore, the current study presents an examination of fluid-structure interaction involving flexible structures. The problem is numerically solved by a commercial software ANSYS-Workbench. Two-way coupled three-dimensional transient simulations are carried out for the flexible flaps of different thicknesses in glycerin for a laminar flow and Reynolds number ranging from 3 < Re < 12. The bending line of the flaps is compared with experimental data for different alignments of the flaps relative to the fluid flow. The study reports the computation of the maximum tip-deflection and deformation of flaps fixed at the bottom and mounted normal to the flow. Additionally, drag coefficients for flexible flaps are computed and flow regimes in the wake of the flaps are presented. As well, the study gives an understanding on how the fluid response changes as the structure deforms and the model is appropriate to predict the behavior of thick and comparatively thinner flaps. The results are sufficiently encouraging to consider the present model for analyzing turbulent flow processes against flexible objects.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DenkHuberBrunneretal.2020, author = {Denk, Florian and Huber, Werner and Brunner, Pascal and Kates, Ronald}, title = {The role of perceptual failure and degrading processes in urban traffic accidents}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, subtitle = {a stochastic computational model for virtual experiments}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4149-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294498}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Automated driving functions (ADF) are considered as a potential solver of current problems in road traffic regarding safety, efficiency and comfort. However, testing ADF by naturalistic driving in the real world is subject to technical and ethical constraints. Virtual randomized controlled trial designs potentially contribute to bypass these limitations. For this purpose, real traffic is replaced by simulated traffic, constituting the "reference" in analogy to randomized controlled trials in medicine. Specific realizations of ADF can then be integrated into the simulated traffic as a "treatment" to evaluate their efficacy. A key challenge is modelling current manual traffic, taking into account stochastic variations in the cognitive and kinematic behavior of both drivers and vulnerable road users (VRU) such as pedestrians, cyclists, or e-scooter riders. Odd sample combinations of the underlying distributions can lead to accident risk and therefore have to be modeled realistically to generate validated efficacy estimates. In particular perceptual failures and degrading of perceived stimuli are regarded causal factors for failures in traffic, which is in general remarkably safe due to multiple redundancies. Therefore a model of human information acquisition constitutes an essential ingredient to our assessment paradigm. However, complex cognitive processes play a key role, which are themselves still under scientific investigation. What we do know is that inherent limited processing abilities of humans contribute to failures in the otherwise remarkably safe traffic flow process, especially in urban areas where cognitive demand is high. We therefore restrict ourselves to model the failure and degrading processes which ultimately lead to accident risk. The computational model we propose takes the limited processing capacity of humans into account and is suitable for the stochastic simulation of traffic scenarios.}, language = {en} } @book{BotschUtschick2020, author = {Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Fahrzeugsicherheit und automatisiertes Fahren}, subtitle = {Methoden der Signalverarbeitung und des maschinellen Lernens}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-446-46804-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/9783446468047}, pages = {448}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{deCandidoKollerGallitzetal.2020, author = {de Candido, Oliver and Koller, Michael and Gallitz, Oliver and Melz, Ron and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Towards feature validation in time to lane change classification using deep neural networks}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4149-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294555}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WurstFloresFernandezBotschetal.2020, author = {Wurst, Jonas and Flores Fernandez, Alberto and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {An Entropy Based Outlier Score and its Application to Novelty Detection for Road Infrastructure Images}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6673-5}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304733}, pages = {1436 -- 1443}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GallitzdeCandidoBotschetal.2020, author = {Gallitz, Oliver and de Candido, Oliver and Botsch, Michael and Melz, Ron and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Interpretable Machine Learning Structure for an Early Prediction of Lane Changes}, booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning - ICANN 2020: 29th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, Bratislava, Slovakia, September 15-18, 2020, Proceedings, Part I}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-61609-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61609-0_27}, pages = {337 -- 349}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GallitzdeCandidoBotschetal.2021, author = {Gallitz, Oliver and de Candido, Oliver and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Interpretable Early Prediction of Lane Changes Using a Constrained Neural Network Architecture}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway (NJ)}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9142-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC48978.2021.9564555}, pages = {493 -- 499}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NeumeierBotschTollkuehnetal.2021, author = {Neumeier, Marion and Botsch, Michael and Tollk{\"u}hn, Andreas and Berberich, Thomas}, title = {Variational Autoencoder-Based Vehicle Trajectory Prediction with an Interpretable Latent Space}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway (NJ)}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9142-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC48978.2021.9565120}, pages = {820 -- 827}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{FunkDrechslerFiorentinGoellinger2021, author = {Funk Drechsler, Maikol and Fiorentin, Thiago Antonio and G{\"o}llinger, Harald}, title = {Actor-Critic Traction Control Based on Reinforcement Learning with Open-Loop Training}, volume = {2021}, pages = {4641450}, journal = {Modelling and Simulation in Engineering}, publisher = {Hindawi}, address = {New York}, issn = {1687-5605}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/4641450}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The use of actor-critic algorithms can improve the controllers currently implemented in automotive applications. This method combines reinforcement learning (RL) and neural networks to achieve the possibility of controlling nonlinear systems with real-time capabilities. Actor-critic algorithms were already applied with success in different controllers including autonomous driving, antilock braking system (ABS), and electronic stability control (ESC). However, in the current researches, virtual environments are implemented for the training process instead of using real plants to obtain the datasets. This limitation is given by trial and error methods implemented for the training process, which generates considerable risks in case the controller directly acts on the real plant. In this way, the present research proposes and evaluates an open-loop training process, which permits the data acquisition without the control interaction and an open-loop training of the neural networks. The performance of the trained controllers is evaluated by a design of experiments (DOE) to understand how it is affected by the generated dataset. The results present a successful application of open-loop training architecture. The controller can maintain the slip ratio under adequate levels during maneuvers on different floors, including grounds that are not applied during the training process. The actor neural network is also able to identify the different floors and change the acceleration profile according to the characteristics of each ground.}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglNeesEiseleetal.2022, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Nees, Michael A. and Eisele, Daniel and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Acceptance of automated vehicles: Gender effects, but lack of meaningful association with desire for control in Germany and in the U.S.}, volume = {2022}, pages = {100563}, journal = {Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives}, number = {13}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2590-1982}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2022.100563}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Although automated vehicles (AVs) come with many promises such as enabling the driver-passenger to perform non-driving-related-tasks or increased safety, the public's acceptance of AVs will have a crucial impact on whether or not AVs will be ultimately adopted. In particular, the personality trait desire for control may influence the acceptance of AVs, which has received scant research attention to date. Therefore, we independently carried out two questionnaire studies: Study 1 in Germany and Study 2 in the U.S. In both studies, we applied the self-driving car acceptance scale (SCAS) and the desirability of control scale (DoCS). In Study 1, we queried 114 participants (60 female) and in Study 2 we sampled data from 601 participants (322 female). In both studies, our findings consistently indicate that the overall DoCS factor was not associated with the overall SCAS factor. We only uncovered a weak positive correlation in Study 1, but only for a reduced overall acceptance factor with 10 items obtained by factor analyses instead of the 24 items of the SCAS. Furthermore, our results revealed that women assign significantly lower ratings to the overall acceptance factor of AVs as well as to the desirability for control factor than men, both in Germany and in the U.S., respectively. Despite the influence of gender on acceptance of AVs and DoCS, we conclude that there might be either no or only a weak association between desire for control and acceptance of AVs, which needs to be further investigated in future studies.}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglEiseleRiener2022, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Eisele, Daniel and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Estimated years until the acceptance and adoption of automated vehicles and the willingness to pay for them in Germany: Focus on age and gender}, volume = {11}, journal = {International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2046-0430}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijtst.2022.03.006}, pages = {216 -- 228}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to enter the market within the next few years. However, their introduction would not only be a technological, but also a societal one - and it is therefore crucial to examine the public's attitudes, opinions, and beliefs about AVs. It is particularly interesting to study when AVs are estimated to be accepted and adopted, and to query the willingness to pay for them. Hence, we applied a mixed-methods approach to collect quantitative and qualitative data and carried out a cross-sectional survey study. We focused on collecting an almost balanced sample across age and gender from 725 respondents (351 female, 374 male) with an age range from 18 to 96 years. Our results revealed that AVs are estimated to be accepted and adopted in about 10 years at SAE level L3 and in about 20 years at L5. Moreover, on average we found that the participants would be willing to pay 10.6 \% more for an AV at L3 and 14.5 \% at L5, but those estimates are affected by large outlier values. Nevertheless, we also observed that between 40 and 33 \% of women and 41 and 33 \% of men would not be willing to pay any more for an AV neither at L3 nor at L5, respectively. Ultimately, manufacturers and policymakers will have to take these findings into account if they really want to establish AVs as a widespread technological and societal revolution.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WischertZielkeWeiglSteinhauseretal.2020, author = {Wischert-Zielke, Moritz and Weigl, Klemens and Steinhauser, Marco and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Age differences in the anticipated acceptance of egoistic versus altruistic crash-control-algorithms in automated vehicles}, booktitle = {Tagungsband: Mensch \& Computer 2020}, editor = {Alt, Florian and Schneegass, Stefan and Hornecker, Eva}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-7540-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3404983.3409992}, pages = {467 -- 471}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchlacklWeiglRiener2020, author = {Schlackl, Dominik and Weigl, Klemens and Riener, Andreas}, title = {eHMI visualization on the entire car body: results of a comparative evaluation of concepts for the communication between AVs and manual drivers}, booktitle = {Tagungsband: Mensch \& Computer 2020}, editor = {Alt, Florian and Schneegass, Stefan and Hornecker, Eva}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-7540-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3404983.3410011}, pages = {79 -- 83}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglSchartmuellerWintersbergeretal.2021, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Wintersberger, Philipp and Steinhauser, Marco and Riener, Andreas}, title = {The influence of experienced severe road traffic accidents on take-over reactions and non-driving-related tasks in an automated driving simulator study}, volume = {2021}, pages = {106408}, journal = {Accident Analysis \& Prevention}, number = {162}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0001-4575}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2021.106408}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KundingerRienerSofraetal.2020, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Riener, Andreas and Sofra, Nikoletta and Weigl, Klemens}, title = {Driver drowsiness in automated and manual driving: insights from a test track study}, booktitle = {IUI 2020: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-7118-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3377325.3377506}, pages = {369 -- 379}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglSchartmuellerRieneretal.2021, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Riener, Andreas and Steinhauser, Marco}, title = {Development of the Questionnaire on the Acceptance of Automated Driving (QAAD): Data-driven models for Level 3 and Level 5 automated driving}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour}, number = {83}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1369-8478}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2021.09.011}, pages = {42 -- 59}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerWeiglRieneretal.2020, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Weigl, Klemens and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {StickyWSD: investigating content positioning on a windshield display for automated driving}, booktitle = {MUM 2020: 19th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia: Proceedings}, editor = {Cauchard, Jessica and L{\"o}chtefeld, Markus}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8870-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3428361.3428405}, pages = {143 -- 151}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{FrisonForsterWintersbergeretal.2020, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Forster, Yannick and Wintersberger, Philipp and Geisel, Viktoria and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Where We Come from and Where We Are Going: A Systematic Review of Human Factors Research in Driving Automation}, volume = {10}, pages = {8914}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {24}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248914}, year = {2020}, abstract = {During the last decade, research has brought forth a large amount of studies that investigated driving automation from a human factor perspective. Due to the multitude of possibilities for the study design with regard to the investigated constructs, data collection methods, and evaluated parameters, at present, the pool of findings is heterogeneous and nontransparent. This literature review applied a structured approach, where five reviewers investigated n = 161 scientific papers of relevant journals and conferences focusing on driving automation between 2010 and 2018. The aim was to present an overview of the status quo of existing methodological approaches and investigated constructs to help scientists in conducting research with established methods and advanced study setups. Results show that most studies focused on safety aspects, followed by trust and acceptance, which were mainly collected through self-report measures. Driving/Take-Over performance also marked a significant portion of the published papers; however, a wide range of different parameters were investigated by researchers. Based on our insights, we propose a set of recommendations for future studies. Amongst others, this includes validation of existing results on real roads, studying long-term effects on trust and acceptance (and of course other constructs), or triangulation of self-reported and behavioral data. We furthermore emphasize the need to establish a standardized set of parameters for recurring use cases to increase comparability. To assure a holistic contemplation of automated driving, we moreover encourage researchers to investigate other constructs that go beyond safety.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WintersbergerShadeghianBorojeniSchartmuelleretal.2022, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Shadeghian-Borojeni, Shadan and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Riener, Andreas}, title = {User Experience Evaluation of SAE Level 3 Driving on a Test Track}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-8821-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV51971.2022.9827224}, pages = {1409 -- 1414}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inbook{WintersbergerFrisonThangetal.2020, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Thang, Isabella and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Mensch oder Maschine? Direktvergleich von automatisiert und manuell gesteuertem Nahverkehr}, booktitle = {Autonome Shuttlebusse im {\"O}PNV}, editor = {Riener, Andreas and Appel, Alexandra and Dorner, Wolfgang and Huber, Thomas and Kolb, Jan Christopher and Wagner, Harry}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-59405-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59406-3_6}, pages = {95 -- 113}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Da erst wenige automatisierte Fahrzeuge auf {\"o}ffentlichen Straßen in Betrieb sind, ist aktuell noch unklar, ob potenzielle Nutzer diese akzeptieren und ihnen vertrauen. Um diesen Fragen nachzugehen, wurde eine Feldstudie mit 24 (jeweils zw{\"o}lf {\"a}lteren und j{\"u}ngeren) Teilnehmern durchgef{\"u}hrt, wobei ein automatisiertes Fahrzeug direkt mit einem von menschlicher Hand gesteuerten Gruppentaxi verglichen wurde. Benutzerakzeptanz und -erlebnis, Vertrauen sowie subjektives Zeitempfinden wurden sowohl vor als auch nach der Fahrt mit dem jeweiligen Transportmittel mit standardisierten Messverfahren und Interviews erfasst. Die Resultate zeigen, dass automatisierte Fahrzeuge in {\"a}hnlichem Ausmaß akzeptiert werden wie auch menschliche Fahrer, jedoch gerade j{\"u}ngere Probanden aufgrund der geringeren Geschwindigkeit der neuen Technologie gegen{\"u}ber noch skeptisch eingestellt sind. F{\"u}r diese Zielgruppe wirkte sich jedoch eine Fahrt mit dem automatisierten Fahrzeug positiv auf das Vertrauen aus. Eine Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ist f{\"u}r eine weitere Implementierung der Technologie zu empfehlen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{CHIWORKCollectiveKarusalaChetal.2022, author = {CHIWORK Collective, and Karusala, Naveena and Ch, Nabil and Tosca, Diana and Ansah, Alberta and Brul{\´e}, Emeline and Fereydooni, Nadia and Huang, Le-En and Ismail, Azra and Jain, Pranjal and Khoo, Wendy and Mu{\~n}oz, Isabel and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Verma, Himanshu and Vyas, Preeti and Boll, Susanne and Fox, Sarah and Raval, Noopur and Wilson, Max and Cox, Anna and Janssen, Christian P. and Mentis, Helena and Kumar, Neha and Shaer, Orit and Kun, Andrew}, title = {Human-Computer Interaction and the Future of Work}, pages = {162}, booktitle = {CHI'22: Extended Abstracts of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, editor = {Barbosa, Simone and Lampe, Cliff and Appert, Caroline and Shamma, David A.}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9156-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3491101.3516407}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FroehlichSchartmuellerWintersbergeretal.2021, author = {Fr{\"o}hlich, Peter and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Kun, Andrew and Brewster, Stephen and Shaer, Orit and Baldauf, Matthias}, title = {AutoWork 2021: Workshop on the Future of Work and Well-Being with Automated Vehicles}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 13th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8641-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473682.3477437}, pages = {164 -- 166}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerRiener2022, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Multimodal error correction for speech-to-text in a mobile office automated vehicle: results from a remote study}, booktitle = {IUI'22: 27th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9144-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3490099.3511131}, pages = {496 -- 505}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerRiener2020, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Sick of Scents: Investigating Non-invasive Olfactory Motion Sickness Mitigation in Automated Driving}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8065-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410650}, pages = {30 -- 39}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerWintersbergerRieneretal.2020, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Kun, Andrew and Brewster, Stephen and Shaer, Orit}, title = {AutoWork 2020: Second Workshop on the Future of Work and Well-Being in Automated Vehicles}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8065-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411738}, pages = {113 -- 116}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{KundingerYalavarthiRieneretal.2020, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Yalavarthi, Phani Krishna and Riener, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens}, title = {Feasibility of smart wearables for driver drowsiness detection and its potential among different age groups}, volume = {16}, journal = {International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Emerald}, address = {Bingley}, issn = {1742-7371}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPCC-03-2019-0017}, pages = {1 -- 23}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerRienerPfeilschifteretal.2021, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Riener, Andreas and Pfeilschifter, Claus and Hegner, Franziska}, title = {The (mobile) driving experience lab: bridging research and knowledge transfer to the general public}, booktitle = {Tagungsband Mensch \& Computer 2021}, editor = {Schneegass, Stefan and Pfleging, Bastian and Kern, Dagmar}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8645-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473856.3474028}, pages = {582 -- 585}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KuenSchartmuellerWintersberger2021, author = {Kuen, Jakob and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Wintersberger, Philipp}, title = {The TOR Agent: Optimizing Driver Take-Over with Reinforcement Learning}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 13th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8641-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473682.3480262}, pages = {47 -- 52}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerRiener2021, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Riener, Andreas}, title = {The driving experience lab: simulating the automotive future in a trailer}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 13th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8641-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473682.3481877}, pages = {225 -- 228}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EhsanWintersbergerLiaoetal.2021, author = {Ehsan, Upol and Wintersberger, Philipp and Liao, Q. Vera and Mara, Martina and Streit, Marc and Wachter, Sandra and Riener, Andreas and Riedl, Mark O.}, title = {Operationalizing Human-Centered Perspectives in Explainable AI}, pages = {94}, booktitle = {CHI'21: Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8095-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3441342}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchussWintersbergerRiener2021, author = {Schuß, Martina and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Let's share a ride into the future: a qualitative study comparing hypothetical implementation scenarios of automated vehicles}, pages = {156}, booktitle = {CHI '21: Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8096-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445609}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SadeghianSchrapelWintersbergeretal.2020, author = {Sadeghian, Shadan and Schrapel, Maximilian and Wintersberger, Philipp and Koetsierr, Christian and Laschke, Matthias and Rohs, Michael and Schering, Johannes and Kun, Andrew and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Workshop on Designing Technologies for Future Forms of Sustainable Mobility}, booktitle = {Extended Abstracts: Expanding the Horizon of Mobile Interaction: The 22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8052-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3406324.3424586}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SadeghianMeschtscherjakovPflegingetal.2020, author = {Sadeghian, Shadan and Meschtscherjakov, Alexander and Pfleging, Bastian and Donmez, Birsen and Riener, Andreas and Janssen, Christian P. and Kun, Andrew and Ju, Wendy and Remy, Christian and Wintersberger, Philipp}, title = {Should I Stay or Should I Go? Automated Vehicles in the Age of Climate Change}, booktitle = {CHI EA '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6819-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3375162}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WintersbergerNicklasMartlbaueretal.2020, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Nicklas, Hannah and Martlbauer, Thomas and Hammer, Stephan and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Explainable Automation: Personalized and Adaptive UIs to Foster Trust and Understanding of Driving Automation Systems}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8065-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410659}, pages = {252 -- 261}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WintersbergerKlotzRiener2020, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Klotz, Tobias and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Tell me more: transparency and time-fillers to optimize chatbots' waiting time experience}, pages = {76}, booktitle = {NordiCHI'20: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society: Proceedings of the 11th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-7579-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3419249.3420170}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HolthausenWalkerWintersbergeretal.2020, author = {Holthausen, Brittany E. and Walker, Bruce N. and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Situational Trust Scale for Automated Driving (STS-AD)}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, subtitle = {Development and Initial Validation}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8065-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410637}, pages = {40 -- 47}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ScottSharoniFereydooniWalkeretal.2021, author = {Scott-Sharoni, Sidney and Fereydooni, Nadia and Walker, Bruce N. and Jeon, Myounghoon and Riener, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp}, title = {To customize or not to customize - is that the question?}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 13th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {9781450386418}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473682.3477435}, pages = {156 -- 159}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KundingerRiener2020, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Riener, Andreas}, title = {The Potential of Wrist-Worn Wearables for Driver Drowsiness Detection: a Feasibility Analysis}, booktitle = {UMAP '20: Proceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6861-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3340631.3394852}, pages = {117 -- 125}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerRienerHolzmann2020, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {A research agenda for mixed reality in automated vehicles}, booktitle = {19th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia: Proceedings}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8870-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3428361.3428390}, pages = {119 -- 131}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoeckenColleyMatviienkoetal.2021, author = {L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Colley, Mark and Matviienko, Andrii and Holl{\"a}nder, Kai and Dey, Debargha and Habibovic, Azra and Kun, Andrew and Boll, Susanne and Riener, Andreas}, title = {WeCARe: Workshop on Inclusive Communication between Automated Vehicles and Vulnerable Road Users}, pages = {43}, booktitle = {MobileHCI 2020 Extended Abstracts: The 22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8052-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3406324.3424587}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerAksoyRieneretal.2020, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Aksoy, Bilal and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {Gaze-based Interaction with Windshield Displays for Automated Driving: Impact of Dwell Time and Feedback Design on Task Performance and SubjectiveWorkload}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8065-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410654}, pages = {151 -- 160}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerAnthesHolzmannetal.2021, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Anthes, Christoph and Holzmann, Clemens and Riener, Andreas and Mohseni, Shiva}, title = {AutoSimAR: In-Vehicle Cross-Virtuality Transitions between Planar Displays and 3D Augmented Reality Spaces}, booktitle = {ISS'21 Workshop Proceedings: "Transitional Interfaces in Mixed and Cross-Reality: A new frontier?"}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, url = {https://idux-jetter.org/ti-iss2021/}, doi = {https://dx.doi.org/10.18148/kops/352-2-1udvl21t4wfns7}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KronesterRienerBabic2021, author = {Kronester, Michael Julian and Riener, Andreas and Babic, Teo}, title = {Potential of Wrist-worn Vibrotactile Feedback to Enhance the Perception of Virtual Objects during Mid-air Gestures}, pages = {256}, booktitle = {CHI'21: Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8095-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3411763.3451655}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FahnRiener2021, author = {Fahn, Vanessa and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Time to get conversational: assessment of the potential of conversational user interfaces for mobile banking}, booktitle = {Tagungsband Mensch \& Computer 2021}, editor = {Schneegass, Stefan and Pfleging, Bastian and Kern, Dagmar}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8645-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473856.3473872}, pages = {34 -- 43}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{RieglerRienerHolzmann2021, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {A systematic review of virtual reality applications for automated driving: 2009-2020}, volume = {3}, pages = {689856}, journal = {Frontiers in human dynamics}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2673-2726}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.689856}, year = {2021}, abstract = {While virtual reality (VR) interfaces have been researched extensively over the last decades, studies on their application in vehicles have only recently advanced. In this paper, we systematically review 12 years of VR research in the context of automated driving (AD), from 2009 to 2020. Due to the multitude of possibilities for studies with regard to VR technology, at present, the pool of findings is heterogeneous and non-transparent. We investigated N = 176 scientific papers of relevant journals and conferences with the goal to analyze the status quo of existing VR studies in AD, and to classify the related literature into application areas. We provide insights into the utilization of VR technology which is applicable at specific level of vehicle automation and for different users (drivers, passengers, pedestrians) and tasks. Results show that most studies focused on designing automotive experiences in VR, safety aspects, and vulnerable road users. Trust, simulator and motion sickness, and external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) also marked a significant portion of the published papers, however a wide range of different parameters was investigated by researchers. Finally, we discuss a set of open challenges, and give recommendation for future research in automated driving at the VR side of the reality-virtuality continuum.}, language = {en} } @article{RienerSchlacklMalsametal.2021, author = {Riener, Andreas and Schlackl, Dominik and Malsam, Julia and Huber, Josef and Homm, Benjamin and Kaczmar, Marion and Kleitsch, Iris and Megos, Alina and Park, Eunji and Sanverdi, G{\"u}ls{\"u}m and Schmidt, Sabrina and Bracaci, Daniel and Anees, Esha}, title = {Improving the UX for Users of Automated Shuttle Buses in Public Transport: Investigating Aspects of Exterior Communication and Interior Design}, volume = {5}, pages = {61}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti5100061}, year = {2021}, abstract = {As a precursor to future public transportation, automated shuttle buses can already be experienced in some test regions, but the general public still has reservations and may not yet be ready for this change. For example, the fact that such vehicles might operate independently (without a human driver) creates a barrier of uncertainty and mistrust among people. In this work, we aim to identify and classify the prevailing reservations and propose solutions. We followed the User Centered Design (UCD) process to design concepts that are specifically tailored to the needs of future public transport users. After related work analysis, on-site research, and pre-studies, two main studies were conducted specifically to address communication in the exterior (n = 24) and interior/service design (n = 21). For both studies, we applied a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative and qualitative measures. Our results indicate that, in general, existing ways of communication in the exterior are insufficient to meet future needs. The two visualization concepts for external communication developed in this work were rated (significantly) better in most dimensions of the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ), when compared to the baseline condition with no additional visualization. Furthermore, preferences among the study participants towards simple, highly visible, and well-known lighting concepts could be observed. As for the interior, the results show that participants rated attractiveness highly for the two design concepts (closer, further in the future) as compared to current, state-of-the-art solutions (automated buses currently in operation). For the "near future" concept, the pragmatic quality dominated, while in the other (the "far future") concept the hedonic quality was in the foreground. From the results, design recommendations in different categories were derived, which reflect the general openness of the public towards new technologies and interior approaches, but also point out the importance for privacy and designated personal spaces inside an (automated) shuttle bus. Some of the results do not strictly apply to automated shuttle buses, and can serve as valuable suggestions for improving conventional shuttle buses.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KundingerRienerBhat2021, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Riener, Andreas and Bhat, Ramyashree}, title = {Performance and acceptance evaluation of a driver drowsiness detection system based on smart wearables}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 13th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8063-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409118.3475141}, pages = {49 -- 58}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesKruberBotschetal.2020, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Kruber, Friedrich and Botsch, Michael and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andres}, title = {Accuracy characterization of the vehicle state estimation from aerial imagery}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6673-5}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304705}, pages = {2081 -- 2088}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KruberSanchezMoralesChakrabortyetal.2020, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Vehicle Position Estimation with Aerial Imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6673-5}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304794}, pages = {2089 -- 2096}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SekaranBalasubramanianBotschetal.2023, author = {Sekaran, Karthikeyan Chandra and Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Metric Learning Based Class Specific Experts for Open-Set Recognition of Traffic Participants in Urban Areas Using Infrastructure Sensors}, booktitle = {IEEE IV 2023 Symposium Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {979-8-3503-4691-6}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV55152.2023.10186527}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NeumeierTollkuehnDornetal.2023, author = {Neumeier, Marion and Tollk{\"u}hn, Andreas and Dorn, Sebastian and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Optimization and Interpretability of Graph Attention Networks for Small Sparse Graph Structures in Automotive Applications}, booktitle = {IEEE IV 2023 Symposium Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {979-8-3503-4691-6}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV55152.2023.10186536}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{DeyHabibovicLoeckenetal.2020, author = {Dey, Debargha and Habibovic, Azra and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Pfleging, Bastian and Riener, Andreas and Martens, Marieke and Terken, Jacques}, title = {Taming the eHMI jungle: A classification taxonomy to guide, compare, and assess the design principles of automated vehicles' external human-machine interfaces}, volume = {2020}, pages = {100174}, journal = {Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives}, number = {7}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2590-1982}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2020.100174}, year = {2020}, abstract = {There is a growing body of research in the field of interaction between automated vehicles and other road users in their vicinity. To facilitate such interactions, researchers and designers have explored designs, and this line of work has yielded several concepts of external Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMI) for vehicles. Literature and media review reveals that the description of interfaces is often lacking in fidelity or details of their functionalities in specific situations, which makes it challenging to understand the originating concepts. There is also a lack of a universal understanding of the various dimensions of a communication interface, which has impeded a consistent and coherent addressal of the different aspects of the functionalities of such interface concepts. In this paper, we present a unified taxonomy that allowsa systematic comparison of the eHMI across 18 dimensions, covering their physical characteristics and communication aspects from the perspective of human factors and human-machine interaction. We analyzed and coded 70eHMI concepts according to this taxonomy to portray the state of the art and highlight the relative maturity of different contributions. The results point to a number of unexplored research areas that could inspire future work. Additionally, we believe that our proposed taxonomy can serve as a checklist for user interface designers and researchers when developing their interfaces.}, language = {en} } @article{SchartmuellerWeiglLoeckenetal.2021, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Weigl, Klemens and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Steinhauser, Marco and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Displays for Productive Non-Driving Related Tasks: Visual Behavior and Its Impact in Conditionally Automated Driving}, volume = {5}, pages = {21}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti5040021}, year = {2021}, abstract = {(1) Background: Primary driving tasks are increasingly being handled by vehicle automation so that support for non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) is becoming more and more important. In SAE L3 automation, vehicles can require the driver-passenger to take over driving controls, though. Interfaces for NDRTs must therefore guarantee safe operation and should also support productive work. (2) Method: We conducted a within-subjects driving simulator study (N=53) comparing Heads-Up Displays (HUDs) and Auditory Speech Displays (ASDs) for productive NDRT engagement. In this article, we assess the NDRT displays' effectiveness by evaluating eye-tracking measures and setting them into relation to workload measures, self-ratings, and NDRT/take-over performance. (3) Results: Our data highlights substantially higher gaze dispersion but more extensive glances on the road center in the auditory condition than the HUD condition during automated driving. We further observed potentially safety-critical glance deviations from the road during take-overs after a HUD was used. These differences are reflected in self-ratings, workload indicators and take-over reaction times, but not in driving performance. (4) Conclusion: NDRT interfaces can influence visual attention even beyond their usage during automated driving. In particular, the HUD has resulted in safety-critical glances during manual driving after take-overs. We found this impacted workload and productivity but not driving performance}, language = {en} } @inbook{WintersbergerLoeckenFrisonetal.2020, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Evaluierung von Benutzeranforderungen f{\"u}r die Kommunikation zwischen automatisierten Fahrzeugen und ungesch{\"u}tzten Verkehrsteilnehmern}, booktitle = {Autonome Shuttlebusse im {\"O}PNV: Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht}, editor = {Riener, Andreas and Appel, Alexandra and Dorner, Wolfgang and Huber, Thomas and Kolb, Jan Christopher and Wagner, Harry}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-59405-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59406-3_7}, pages = {115 -- 132}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Es wurden bereits einige L{\"o}sungen vorgestellt, um die Kommunikation zwischen automatisierten Fahrzeugen und ungesch{\"u}tzten Verkehrsteilnehmern (sog. „Vulnerable Road Users", VRUs) zu unterst{\"u}tzen. Noch ist jedoch unklar, ob diese Systeme den Anforderungen zuk{\"u}nftiger Benutzer auch gerecht werden. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, Benutzeranforderungen von VRUs nach direktem Kontakt mit einem automatisierten Fahrzeug zu erfassen. Hierf{\"u}r wurde eine Feldstudie mit 32 Teilnehmern durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die Resultate, welche sowohl auf subjektiven (Frageb{\"o}gen, Interviews) als auch objektiven (Videoanalyse) Daten basieren, legen nahe, dass ungesch{\"u}tzte Verkehrsteilnehmer einfache und bekannte Konzepte (beispielsweise Ampelsysteme oder Hupen) zur Kommunikation bevorzugen. Des Weiteren wurden diverse Problemszenarien identifiziert, welche f{\"u}r eine Bereitstellung von automatisierten Fahrzeugen in „Shared Spaces" von besonderer Bedeutung sind.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SahinMuellerSadeghianetal.2021, author = {Sahin, Hatice and M{\"u}ller, Heiko and Sadeghian, Shadan and Dey, Debargha and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Matviienko, Andrii and Colley, Mark and Habibovic, Azra and Wintersberger, Philipp}, title = {Workshop on Prosocial Behavior in Future Mixed Traffic}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 13th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8641-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473682.3477438}, pages = {167 -- 170}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrunnerLoeckenDenketal.2020, author = {Brunner, Pascal and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Denk, Florian and Kates, Ronald and Huber, Werner}, title = {Analysis of experimental data on dynamics and behavior of e-scooter riders and applications to the impact of automated driving functions on urban road safety}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6673-5}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304835}, pages = {219 -- 225}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EppleHankoferRiener2020, author = {Epple, Nico and Hankofer, T. and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Scenario Classes in Naturalistic Driving: Autoencoder-based Spatial and Time-Sequential Clustering of Surrounding Object Trajectories}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4149-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294359}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BeuthelSchaperSchussetal.2022, author = {Beuthel, Janne Mascha and Schaper, Marie-Monique and Schuß, Martina and M{\´a}rquez Segura, Elena and N{\´u}{\~n}ez-Pacheco, Claudia and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Exploring and Materialising Bodily Experiences of Security through Lenses of Feminist HCI practices}, pages = {5}, booktitle = {Participative Computing for Sustainable Futures: Adjunct Proceedings of the 12th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI'22)}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9448-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3547522.3547696}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchussRiener2020, author = {Schuß, Martina and Riener, Andreas}, title = {"Give Me the Keys, I'll Drive!": Results from an Exploratory Interview Study to Assess Public's Desires and Concerns on Automated Valet Parking}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, issn = {978-1-4503-8066-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409251.3411712}, pages = {16 -- 18}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{EppleDariRiener2020, author = {Epple, Nico and Dari, Simone and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Probabilistic Time-To-Collision: Correlation of Driver Gaze and Surrounding Objects}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 92nd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2020-Fall): Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9484-4}, issn = {2577-2465}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2020-Fall49728.2020.9348757}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaimerlRiener2021, author = {Haimerl, Mathias and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Design of qualitative surveys for persons with intellectual disorders}, booktitle = {MuC '21: Mensch und Computer 2021}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8645-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3473856.3473990}, pages = {189 -- 193}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerSongRiener2022, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Song, Ye Eun and Riener, Andreas}, title = {In-Vehicle Transitional Interfaces: User Journey in Virtual Reality}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 14th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9428-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552317}, pages = {30 -- 33}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaimerlColleyLoeckenetal.2022, author = {Haimerl, Mathias and Colley, Mark and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Accessible Automated AutomotiveWorkshop Series (A3WS): Focus External Human-Machine Interfaces (eHMIs)}, booktitle = {Mensch und Computer 2022 - Workshopband}, editor = {Marky, Karola and Gr{\"u}nefeld, Uwe and Kosch, Thomas}, publisher = {Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V.}, address = {Bonn}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2022-mci-ws09-116}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoeckenMatviienkoColleyetal.2022, author = {L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Matviienko, Andrii and Colley, Mark and Dey, Debargha and Habibovic, Azra and Lee, Yee Mun and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Accessible Automated Automotive Workshop Series (A3WS): International Perspective on Inclusive External Human-Machine Interfaces}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 14th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9428-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3551347}, pages = {192 -- 195}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoeckenFrisonFahnetal.2020, author = {L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Frison, Anna-Katharina and Fahn, Vanessa and Kreppold, Dominik and G{\"o}tz, Maximilian and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Increasing User Experience and Trust in Automated Vehicles via an Ambient Light Display}, pages = {38}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-7516-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3379503.3403567}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MartelaroDeyBurnettetal.2022, author = {Martelaro, Nikolas and Dey, Debargha and Burnett, Gary and Str{\"o}mberg, Helena K. and Andersson, Jonas and L{\"o}cken, Andreas}, title = {How to Manage Social Order in Shared Automated Vehicles}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 14th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9428-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3550154}, pages = {201 -- 203}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoeckenBrunnerKatesetal.2020, author = {L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Brunner, Pascal and Kates, Ronald and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Impact of Hand Signals on Safety: Two Controlled Studies With Novice E-Scooter Riders}, booktitle = {Proceedings: 12th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8065-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3409120.3410641}, pages = {132 -- 140}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglSteinhauserRiener2022, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Steinhauser, Marco and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Gender and age differences in the anticipated acceptance of automated vehicles: insights from a questionnaire study and potential for application}, volume = {27}, journal = {Gender, Technology and Development}, number = {1}, publisher = {Routledge}, address = {London}, issn = {0973-0656}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09718524.2022.2137893}, pages = {88 -- 108}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WintersbergerHolthausen2020, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Holthausen, Brittany E.}, title = {Integrating Trust Measurements into Experimental Designs}, pages = {38}, booktitle = {MobileHCI 2020: Extended Abstracts: Expanding the Horizon of Mobile Interaction: The 22nd International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-8052-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3406324.3410335}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglForstner2020, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Forstner, Thomas}, title = {Design of paper-based visual analogue scale items}, volume = {81}, journal = {Educational and Psychological Measurement}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {1552-3888}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177\%2F0013164420952118}, pages = {595 -- 611}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{WintersbergerDeyLoecken2023, author = {Wintersberger, Philipp and Dey, Debargha and L{\"o}cken, Andreas}, title = {Editorial: Interaction between automated vehicles and other road users}, volume = {10}, pages = {1228093}, journal = {Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2296-9144}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1228093}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglSchartmuellerRiener2022, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Development of the Questionnaire on Non-Driving Related Tasks (QNDRT) in automated driving}, volume = {42}, journal = {Behaviour \& Information Technology}, subtitle = {revealing age and gender differences}, number = {9}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}, address = {London}, issn = {1362-3001}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2022.2073473}, pages = {1374 -- 1388}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RewayFunkDrechslerMurthyetal.2022, author = {Reway, Fabio and Funk Drechsler, Maikol and Murthy, Ravikiran and Poledna, Yuri and Huber, Werner and Icking, Christian}, title = {Simulation-based test methods with an automotive camera-in-the-loop for automated driving algorithms}, booktitle = {2022 International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering (ICECCME)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway (NJ)}, isbn = {978-1-6654-7095-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCME55909.2022.9988437}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Seifert2022, author = {Seifert, Georg}, title = {Analysemethodiken zur Berechnung der WCET mit asynchroner Ein-/Ausgabeverarbeitung}, booktitle = {Echtzeit 2021: Echtzeitkommunikation}, editor = {Unger, Herwig and Schaible, Marcel}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-37750-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-37751-9_6}, pages = {45 -- 54}, year = {2022}, language = {de} } @article{FloresFernandezWurstSanchezMoralesetal.2022, author = {Flores Fern{\´a}ndez, Alberto and Wurst, Jonas and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Facchi, Christian and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {Probabilistic Traffic Motion Labeling for Multi-Modal Vehicle Route Prediction}, volume = {22}, pages = {4498}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/s22124498}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The prediction of the motion of traffic participants is a crucial aspect for the research and development of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs). Recent approaches are based on multi-modal motion prediction, which requires the assignment of a probability score to each of the multiple predicted motion hypotheses. However, there is a lack of ground truth for this probability score in the existing datasets. This implies that current Machine Learning (ML) models evaluate the multiple predictions by comparing them with the single real trajectory labeled in the dataset. In this work, a novel data-based method named Probabilistic Traffic Motion Labeling (PROMOTING) is introduced in order to (a) generate probable future routes and (b) estimate their probabilities. PROMOTING is presented with the focus on urban intersections. The generation of probable future routes is (a) based on a real traffic dataset and consists of two steps: first, a clustering of intersections with similar road topology, and second, a clustering of similar routes that are driven in each cluster from the first step. The estimation of the route probabilities is (b) based on a frequentist approach that considers how traffic participants will move in the future given their motion history. PROMOTING is evaluated with the publicly available Lyft database. The results show that PROMOTING is an appropriate approach to estimate the probabilities of the future motion of traffic participants in urban intersections. In this regard, PROMOTING can be used as a labeling approach for the generation of a labeled dataset that provides a probability score for probable future routes. Such a labeled dataset currently does not exist and would be highly valuable for ML approaches with the task of multi-modal motion prediction. The code is made open source.}, language = {en} } @article{FunkDrechslerSharmaRewayetal.2022, author = {Funk Drechsler, Maikol and Sharma, Varun and Reway, Fabio and Sch{\"u}tz, Christoph and Huber, Werner}, title = {Dynamic Vehicle-in-the-Loop}, volume = {5}, pages = {12-05-04-0029}, journal = {SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles}, subtitle = {A Novel Method for Testing Automated Driving Functions}, number = {4}, publisher = {SAE International}, address = {Warrendale (PA)}, issn = {2574-0741}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4271/12-05-04-0029}, year = {2022}, abstract = {In automated driving functions (ADF) testing, novel methods have been developed to allow the combination of hardware and simulation to ensure safety in usage even at an early stage of development. This article proposes an architecture to integrate an entire test vehicle—denominated Dynamic Vehicle-in-the-Loop (DynViL)—in a virtual environment. This approach enables the interaction of a real vehicle with virtual traffic participants. The vehicle is physically tested on an empty track, but connected to the CARLA simulator, in which virtual driving scenarios are created. The simulated environment is transmitted to the vehicle driving function which controls the real vehicle in reaction to the virtual objects perceived in simulation. Furthermore, the performance of the DynViL in different test scenarios is evaluated. The results show that the reproducibility of the tests with the DynViL is satisfactory. Furthermore, the results indicate that the deviation between simulation and DynViL variates according to the vehicle speed and the complexity of the scenario. Based on the performance of the DynViL in comparison to simulation, the DynViL can be implemented as a complementary test method to be added to the transition between hardware in the loop (HiL) and proving ground. In this test method, erratic or unexpected behavior generated by the driving function and controllers can be detected in the real vehicle dynamics in a risk-free manner.}, language = {en} } @article{SchussRollwagenRiener2022, author = {Schuß, Martina and Rollwagen, Alice and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Understanding Operator Influence in Automated Urban Shuttle Buses and Recommendations for Future Development}, volume = {6}, pages = {109}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6120109}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The automation of our vehicles is an all-present topic with great benefits for society, particularly in the area of public transport and pilot projects of automated shuttle buses are already underway. However, they do not show the full potential of using them as a supplement to public transport, since single-occupancy registration of the vehicles usually allows only slow speeds and also requires a substitute driver on board. In our study, we aim to (1) examine the status quo of its user acceptance and (2) identify the roles of the operators and their tasks in automated urban shuttle buses. We conducted a mixed-method study including in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and in-the-field observations visiting pilot projects of the two most widespread pilot projects on German streets. Our results uncover the multiple roles and tasks the human operators currently assume. Furthermore, we developed design approaches for a digital companion substituting the operator in a long run and evaluated these concepts. A remote operator or a hologram were preferred solutions and we propose further design requirements for such companions. This work helps to understand the individual roles that operators currently occupy and provides a good basis for concepts of technologies that will perform these tasks in the future.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RothmeierHuber2021, author = {Rothmeier, Thomas and Huber, Werner}, title = {Let it Snow: On the Synthesis of Adverse Weather Image Data}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9142-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC48978.2021.9565008}, pages = {3300 -- 3306}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{BalasubramanianWurstBotschetal.2023, author = {Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Wurst, Jonas and Botsch, Michael and Deng, Ke}, title = {Open-World Learning for Traffic Scenarios Categorisation}, volume = {8}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles}, number = {5}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, issn = {2379-8904}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TIV.2023.3260270}, pages = {3506 -- 3521}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WachtelGranadoSchroederRewayetal.2022, author = {Wachtel Granado, Diogo and Schr{\"o}der, Sabine and Reway, Fabio and Huber, Werner and Vossiek, Martin}, title = {Validation of a radar sensor model under non-ideal conditions for testing automated driving systems}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Workshops (IV Workshops)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-6654-7921-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVWorkshops54471.2021.9669205}, pages = {83 -- 89}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{KruberSanchezMoralesEgolfetal.2022, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Egolf, Robin and Wurst, Jonas and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Micro- and Macroscopic Road Traffic Analysis using Drone Image Data}, volume = {8}, journal = {Leibniz Transactions on Embedded Systems}, number = {1}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl}, address = {Wadern}, issn = {2199-2002}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4230/LITES.8.1.2}, pages = {02:1 -- 02:27}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The current development in the drone technology, alongside with machine learning based image processing, open new possibilities for various applications. Thus, the market volume is expected to grow rapidly over the next years. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the capabilities and limitations of drone based image data processing for the purpose of road traffic analysis. In the first part a method for generating microscopic traffic data is proposed. More precisely, the state of vehicles and the resulting trajectories are estimated. The method is validated by conducting experiments with reference sensors and proofs to achieve precise vehicle state estimation results. It is also shown, how the computational effort can be reduced by incorporating the tracking information into a neural network. A discussion on current limitations supplements the findings. By collecting a large number of vehicle trajectories, macroscopic statistics, such as traffic flow and density can be obtained from the data. In the second part, a publicly available drone based data set is analyzed to evaluate the suitability for macroscopic traffic modeling. The results show that the method is well suited for gaining detailed information about macroscopic statistics, such as traffic flow dependent time headway or lane change occurrences. In conclusion, this paper presents methods to exploit the remarkable opportunities of drone based image processing for joint macro- and microscopic traffic analysis.}, language = {en} } @article{RieglerRienerHolzmann2022, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {Towards Personalized 3D Augmented Reality Windshield Displays in the Context of Automated Driving}, volume = {3}, pages = {810698}, journal = {Frontiers in Future Transportation}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2673-5210}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/ffutr.2022.810698}, year = {2022}, abstract = {As vehicle automation advances, drivers of automated vehicles become more disengaged from the primary driving task. Windshield displays provide a large screen space supporting drivers in non-driving related activities. This article presents user preferences as well as task and safety issues for 3D augmented reality windshield displays in automated driving. Participants of a user study (n = 24) customized two modes of content presentation (multiple content-specific windows vs. one main window), and could freely adjust visual parameters for these content windows using a simulated "ideal" windshield display in a virtual reality driving simulator. We found that user preferences differ with respect to contextual aspects. Additionally, using one main content window resulted in better task performance and lower take-over times, but the subjective user experience was higher for the multi-window user interface. These findings help automotive interface designers to improve experiences in automated vehicles.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UlreichMoserOlbrichetal.2023, author = {Ulreich, Fabian and Moser, Elisabeth and Olbrich, Florian and Ebert, Martin and Bierl, Rudolf and Kaup, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Luminance Simulation in CARLA under Cloud Coverage - Model Validation and Implications}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Automotive (MetroAutomotive): Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {979-8-3503-2187-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/MetroAutomotive57488.2023.10219098}, pages = {228 -- 233}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inbook{KruberWurstBotschetal.2023, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and Wurst, Jonas and Botsch, Michael and Chakraborty, Samarjit}, title = {Unsupervised Random Forest Learning for Traffic Scenario Categorization}, booktitle = {Machine Learning and Optimization Techniques for Automotive Cyber-Physical Systems}, editor = {Kukkala, Vipin Kumar and Pasricha, Sudeep}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-031-28016-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28016-0_20}, pages = {565 -- 590}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1417, title = {Autonome Shuttlebusse im {\"O}PNV}, subtitle = {Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht}, editor = {Riener, Andreas and Appel, Alexandra and Dorner, Wolfgang and Huber, Thomas and Kolb, Jan Christopher and Wagner, Harry}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-59406-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59406-3}, pages = {XI, 206}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Automatisiertes Fahren wird aktuell auf allen Ebenen diskutiert. Dieses Open Access Buch greift das Thema aus Sicht des {\"O}PNV auf und stellt Chancen und Risiken des Einsatzes automatisierter Shuttlebusse im Nahverkehr dar. Am Beispiel Bad Birnbach/Niederbayern wird gezeigt, welche Herausforderungen bei der Einf{\"u}hrung eines solchen Services zu erwarten sind und wie diese gel{\"o}st werden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei fokussiert sich das Buch auf die Vermittlung von im Feld erhobenen Daten, z.B. zu technischen Schwierigkeiten, Erfahrungsberichten von Anwohnern und G{\"a}sten, Akzeptanz in der Bev{\"o}lkerung, infrastrukturellen Anforderungen, etc. Konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r St{\"a}dteplaner, {\"O}PNV-Betreiber/-Strategen oder Kommunen, die eine Einf{\"u}hrung automatisierter Busse in Erw{\"a}gung ziehen, runden das Werk ab.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{AmmelingMangerKwakaetal.2023, author = {Ammeling, Jonas and Manger, Carina and Kwaka, Elias and Kr{\"u}gel, Sebastian and Uhl, Matthias and Kießig, Angelika and Fritz, Alexis and Ganz, Jonathan and Riener, Andreas and Bertram, Christof and Breininger, Katharina and Aubreville, Marc}, title = {Appealing but Potentially Biasing - Investigation of the Visual Representation of Segmentation Predictions by AI Recommender Systems for Medical Decision Making}, booktitle = {Mensch und Computer 2023: Building Bridges: Tagungsband (Proceedings)}, editor = {Stolze, Markus and Loch, Frieder and Baldauf, Matthias and Alt, Florian and Schneegass, Christina and Kosch, Thomas and Hirzle, Teresa and Sadeghian, Shadan and Draxler, Fiona and Bektas, Kenan and Lohan, Katrin and Knierim, Pascal}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0771-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3603555.3608561}, pages = {330 -- 335}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{LudwigWeberMaedcheetal.2023, author = {Ludwig, Thomas and Weber, Philip and Maedche, Alexander and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Special issue on "conversational agents" - Editorial}, volume = {22}, journal = {i-com}, number = {1}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2196-6826}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/icom-2023-0010}, pages = {1 -- 2}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RieglerVonSawitzkySongetal.2023, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Von Sawitzky, Tamara and Song, Ye Eun and Ostermayer, Gerald}, title = {2nd Workshop on Automotive Mixed Reality Applications: Transitional Interfaces, Immersive Driving Experiences, and Helmet-Mounted AR for Future Mobility}, booktitle = {15th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces: Adjunct Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0112-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3581961.3609832}, pages = {219 -- 222}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoeckenPeineHogreveetal.2023, author = {L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Peine, Louisa and Hogreve, Jens and Riener, Andreas}, title = {The Science Gallery: Exploring Future Mobility Concepts at the Heart of Ingolstadt}, booktitle = {15th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces: Adjunct Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0112-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3581961.3610375}, pages = {314 -- 316}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{BrewsterKunRieneretal.2021, author = {Brewster, Stephen and Kun, Andrew and Riener, Andreas and Shaer, Orit}, title = {Human-Computer Interaction to Support Work and Wellbeing in Mobile Environments}, volume = {11}, journal = {Dagstuhl Reports}, number = {5}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl}, address = {Dagstuhl}, issn = {2192-5283}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4230/DagRep.11.5.23}, pages = {23 -- 53}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We are living in a world where ubiquitous computing devices are becoming parts of the fabric of our lives. At work and at school, devices such as calculators, tablet computers, mobile phones, and different electronic measurement devices, support our work and learning. Building on all of these technological advancements will be novel human-computer interaction techniques that will allow us to use the devices for work and play in a broad set of circumstances, from riding in automated vehicles, to exploring museums, to walking on the street, to playing with our kids on the beach. The central underlying question Dagstuhl seminar 21232 wanted to address is, "how will we interact with the ubiquitous devices of our near (and not-so-near) future?" To date, there are a number of interaction techniques that show significant promise, including speech, augmented reality, tangible objects, gesture, multitouch screens, as well as simple keyboards and non-touch displays. But, before we address technologies to use, we must first identify the economic and broad societal driving forces that will create the need for interaction with our ubiquitous computing devices. From the economic point of view worker well-being is one such driving force; another one is the need to improve the productivity of workers and firms; yet another is the need to provide access to continuous education to a changing workforce. From the broad perspective of our society, it is important for us to understand how ubiquitous technologies can support living a meaningful and fulfilling life, from childhood to adulthood. In the following, we report the program, activities, and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 21232 "Human-Computer Interaction to Support Work and Wellbeing in Mobile Environments".}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WurstBalasubramanianBotschetal.2022, author = {Wurst, Jonas and Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Expert-LaSTS}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, subtitle = {Expert-Knowledge Guided Latent Space for Traffic Scenarios}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-8821-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV51971.2022.9827187}, pages = {484 -- 491}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WurstBalasubramanianBotschetal.2021, author = {Wurst, Jonas and Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Novelty detection and analysis of traffic scenario infrastructures in the latent space of a vision transformer-based triplet autoencoder}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV48863.2021.9575730}, pages = {1304 -- 1311}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchartmuellerSarcarRieneretal.2020, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Sarcar, Sayan and Riener, Andreas and Kun, Andrew and Shaer, Orit and Boyle, Linda Ng and Iqbal, Shamsi}, title = {Automated Cars as Living Rooms and Offices: Challenges and Opportunities}, booktitle = {CHI'20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-6819-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3381054}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{JuPflegingRiener2022, author = {Ju, Wendy and Pfleging, Bastian and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Radical Innovation and Design for Connected and Automated Vehicles}, volume = {12}, journal = {Dagstuhl Reports}, number = {5}, publisher = {Schloss Dagstuhl}, address = {Dagstuhl}, issn = {2192-5283}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4230/DagRep.12.5.188}, pages = {188 -- 230}, year = {2022}, abstract = {This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 22222 "Radical Innovation and Design for Connected and Automated Vehicles". Automated driving will most likely be the next big change in individual mobility. While research is still primarily concerned with technical challenges of Automated Driving Systems (ADS), HCI researchers and designers already started to develop concepts on how to use privately owned ADS as a space for non-driving-related activities, going beyond what is possible today. There is, however, room to think about creative ways to use automated vehicles (AV) and connected technology towards the public interest beyond incremental changes, which is what we addressed in this seminar. We challenged the current generative/evaluative research approach for automated driving systems against a radical innovations attempt and questioned whether the current incremental research approach is appropriate for the development of future vehicles. As an integral part of the seminar we wanted participants to learn from each other and to disseminate each individual's experience for boosting subsequent research by trying out different methods that support the "out of the box" thinking (e.g., brainwriting, bodystorming, focus groups, World Caf{\´e}, amongst others).}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BotschHuberBalasubramanianetal.2023, author = {Botsch, Michael and Huber, Werner and Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Flores Fernandez, Alberto and Geisler, Markus and Gudera, Christian and Morales Gomez, Mauricio Rene and Riegl, Peter and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Chandra Sekaran, Karthikeyan and Weinzierl, Michael}, title = {Data Collection and Safety Use Cases in Smart Infrastructures}, booktitle = {15th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces: Adjunct Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0112-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3581961.3609858}, pages = {333 -- 336}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HimmelsCzupalaFahmuelleretal.2022, author = {Himmels, Chantal and Czupala, Andr{\´e} Reinhold and Fahm{\"u}ller, Tobias and Fuchs, Barbara and Hauf, Lea and Heidler, Linda and Riener, Andreas}, title = {The Influence of Gaming Experience and Optic Flow on Simulator Sickness: Insights from a Driving Simulator Study}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 14th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9428-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552532}, pages = {149 -- 152}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HimmelsAndreevSyedetal.2023, author = {Himmels, Chantal and Andreev, Vladislav and Syed, Arslan Ali and Lindner, Johannes and Denk, Florian and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Are Head-mounted Displays Really Not Suitable for Driving Simulation? A Comparison with a Screen-Based Simulator}, booktitle = {IEEE IV 2023: Symposium Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {979-8-3503-4691-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV55152.2023.10186592}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HimmelsRockVenrooijetal.2022, author = {Himmels, Chantal and Rock, Teresa and Venrooij, Joost and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Simulator Fidelity Influences the Sense of Presence in Driving Simulators}, booktitle = {Adjunct Proceedings: 14th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-1-4503-9428-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3544999.3552526}, pages = {53 -- 57}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @article{vonSawitzkyGrauschopfRiener2021, author = {von Sawitzky, Tamara and Grauschopf, Thomas and Riener, Andreas}, title = {"Attention! A door could open." - introducing awareness messages for cyclists to safely evade potential hazards}, volume = {6}, pages = {3}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6010003}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Numerous statistics show that cyclists are often involved in road traffic accidents, often with serious outcomes. One potential hazard of cycling, especially in cities, is "dooring"—passing parked vehicles that still have occupants inside. These occupants could open the vehicle door unexpectedly in the cyclist's path—requiring a quick evasive response by the cyclist to avoid a collision. Dooring can be very poorly anticipated; as a possible solution, we propose in this work a system that notifies the cyclist of opening doors based on a networked intelligent transportation infrastructure. In a user study with a bicycle simulator (N = 24), we examined the effects of three user interface designs compared to a baseline (no notifications) on cycling behavior (speed and lateral position), perceived safety, and ease of use. Awareness messages (either visual message, visual message + auditory icon, or visual + voice message) were displayed on a smart bicycle helmet at different times before passing a parked, still-occupied vehicle. Our participants found the notifications of potential hazards very easy to understand and appealing and felt that the alerts could help them navigate traffic more safely. Those concepts that (additionally) used auditory icons or voice messages were preferred. In addition, the lateral distance increased significantly when a potentially opening door was indicated. In these situations, cyclists were able to safely pass the parked vehicle without braking. In summary, we are convinced that notification systems, such as the one presented here, are an important component for increasing road safety, especially for vulnerable road users.}, language = {en} }