@inproceedings{LoboFestagFacchi2023, author = {Lobo, Silas and Festag, Andreas and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Enhancing the Safety of Vulnerable Road Users}, booktitle = {2022 IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall) Proceedings}, subtitle = {Messaging Protocols for V2X Communication}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-5468-1}, issn = {2577-2465}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC2022-Fall57202.2022.10012775}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoboNeumeierFernandezetal.2022, author = {Lobo, Silas and Neumeier, Stefan and Fernandez, Evelio and Facchi, Christian}, title = {InTAS: The Ingolstadt Traffic Scenario for SUMO}, booktitle = {SUMO User Conference 2020}, editor = {Alvarez Lopez, Pablo and Banse Bueno, Olaf Angelo and Armellini, Maria Giuliana and Behrisch, Michael and Bieker-Walz, Laura and Erdmann, Jakob and Fl{\"o}tter{\"o}d, Yun-Pang and Hilbrich, Robert and Nippold, Ronald and Rummel, Johannes and Schwamborn, Matthias and Wagner, Peter and Weber, Melanie}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.52825/scp.v1i.102}, pages = {73 -- 92}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HegdeStahlLoboetal.2022, author = {Hegde, Anupama and Stahl, Ringo and Lobo, Silas and Festag, Andreas}, title = {Modeling Cellular Network Infrastructure in SUMO}, volume = {2}, booktitle = {SUMO Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {TIB Open Publishing}, address = {Hannover}, issn = {2750-4425}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.52825/scp.v2i.97}, pages = {99 -- 113}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Communication networks are becoming an increasingly important part of the mobility system. They allow traffic participants to be connected and to exchange information related to traffic and roads. The information exchange impacts the behavior of traffic participants, such as the selection of travel routes or their mobility dynamics. Considering infrastructure-based networks, the information exchange depends on the availability of the network infrastructure and the quality of the communication links. Specifically in urban areas, today's 4G and 5G networks deploy small cells of high capacity, which do not provide ubiquitous cellular coverage due to their small range, signal blocking, etc. Therefore, the accurate modeling of the network infrastructure and its integration in simulation scenarios in microscopic traffic simulation software is gaining relevance. Unlike traffic infrastructure, such as traffic lights, the simulation of a cellular network infrastructure is not natively supported in SUMO. Instead, the protocols, functions and entities of the communication system with the physical wireless transmission are modeled in a dedicated and specialized network simulator that is coupled with SUMO. The disadvantage of this approach is that the simulated SUMO entities, typically vehicles, are not aware which portions of the roads are covered by wireless cells and what quality the wireless communication links have. In this paper, we propose a method for modeling the cellular infrastructure in SUMO that introduces a cellular coverage layer to SUMO. This layer models cell sites in a regular hexagonal grid, where each site is served by a base station. Following commonly accepted guidelines for the evaluation of cellular communication system, the method facilitates standardized and realistic modeling of the cellular coverage, including cell sites, antenna characteristics, cell association and handover. In order to ease the applicability of the method, we describe the work flow to create cell sites. As a representative case, we have applied the method to InTAS, the SUMO Ingolstadt traffic scenario and applied real data for the cellular infrastructure. We validate the approach by simulating a Cellular V2X system with sidelink connectivity in an urban macro cell environment by coupling SUMO enhanced by the proposed connectivity sublayer with ARTERY-C, a network simulator for Cellular V2X. As a proof-of-concept, we present a signal-to-interference noise ratio (SINR) coverage map and further evaluate the impact of different types of interference. We also demonstrate the effect of advanced features of cellular networks such as inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) and sidelink communication modes of Cellular V2X with dynamic switching between the in-coverage and out-of-coverage mode.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HegdeLoboFestag2022, author = {Hegde, Anupama and Lobo, Silas and Festag, Andreas}, title = {Cellular-V2X for Vulnerable Road User Protection in Cooperative ITS}, booktitle = {2022 18th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-6975-3}, issn = {2160-4894}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/WiMob55322.2022.9941707}, pages = {118 -- 123}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BarbosadaSilvaLoboFernandezetal.2024, author = {Barbosa da Silva, Leonardo and Lobo, Silas and Fern{\´a}ndez, Evelio and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Is the Right Bounding Box of a VRU Cluster in V2X Communication? How to Form a Good Shape?}, booktitle = {Vehits 2024: 10th International Conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport Systems Proceedings}, editor = {Vinel, Alexey and Berns, Karsten and Ploeg, Jeroen and Gusikhin, Oleg}, publisher = {SciTePress}, address = {Set{\´u}bal}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5220/0012699100003702}, pages = {144 -- 155}, year = {2024}, abstract = {Among the possible traffic members on a Vehicle-to-Everything network, the term Vulnerable Road User (VRU) is assigned e.g. to pedestrians and cyclists. The VRU Awareness Message (VAM) is used by VRUs to inform other users of their presence and ensure they are perceived in a traffic system. Since the number of VRUs in crowded areas might be very high, the over-the-air traffic might be overloaded. To reduce channel overload, VAMs offer a clustering feature in which VRUs with similar kinematics and positions can group themselves so that only one device transmits messages. The VRU Basic Service specification describes the cluster as a bounding box that must cover all its members using a geometric shape so that other vehicles in the vicinity can avoid colliding with the contained VRUs. This paper contributes to the standardization effort by introducing a data structure, the Cluster Map, for the clustering in the VRU Basic Service. Furthermore, this work is the first to suggest strategies for forming bounding box shapes. Simulation results show that each of the geometry types is useful in different situations, thus further research on the topic is advised.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoboFernandezFacchi2020, author = {Lobo, Silas and Fernandez, Evelio and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Determining the Location of Objects Using a Vision-System Sensor and CPM}, booktitle = {XXXVIII Simp{\´o}sio Brasileiro de Telecomunica{\c{c}}{\~o}es e Processamento de Sinais}, publisher = {SBrT}, address = {Rio de Janeiro}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.14209/SBRT.2020.1570661627}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DeloozFestagVineletal.2023, author = {Delooz, Quentin and Festag, Andreas and Vinel, Alexey and Lobo, Silas}, title = {Simulation-Based Performance Optimization of V2X Collective Perception by Adaptive Object Filtering}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV): Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {979-8-3503-4691-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV55152.2023.10186788}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LoboBarbosadaSilvaFacchi2024, author = {Lobo, Silas and Barbosa da Silva, Leonardo and Facchi, Christian}, title = {To Cluster or not to Cluster: A VRU Clustering Based on V2X Communication}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {979-8-3503-9946-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC57777.2023.10422659}, pages = {2218 -- 2225}, year = {2024}, language = {en} }