@article{SchoenmannBodenschatzUhletal.2023, author = {Sch{\"o}nmann, Manuela and Bodenschatz, Anja and Uhl, Matthias and Walkowitz, Gari}, title = {The Care-Dependent are Less Averse to Care Robots: An Empirical Comparison of Attitudes}, volume = {15}, journal = {International Journal of Social Robotics}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Heidelberg}, issn = {1875-4805}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-023-01003-2}, pages = {1007 -- 1024}, year = {2023}, abstract = {A growing gap is emerging between the supply of and demand for professional caregivers, not least because of the ever-increasing average age of the world's population. One strategy to address this growing gap in many regions is the use of care robots. Although there have been numerous ethical debates about the use of robots in nursing and elderly care, an important question remains unexamined: how do the potential recipients of such care perceive situations with care robots compared to situations with human caregivers? Using a large-scale experimental vignette study, we investigated people's affective attitudes toward care robots. Specifically, we studied the influence of the caregiver's nature on participants' perceived comfort levels when confronted with different care scenarios in nursing homes. Our results show that the care-robot-related views of actual care recipients (i.e., people who are already affected by care dependency) differ substantially from the views of people who are not affected by care dependency. Those who do not (yet) rely on care placed care robots' value far below that of human caregivers, especially in a service-oriented care scenario. This devaluation was not found among care recipients, whose perceived level of comfort was not influenced by the caregiver's nature. These findings also proved robust when controlled for people's gender, age, and general attitudes toward robots.}, language = {en} } @article{SchoenmannBodenschatzUhletal.2024, author = {Sch{\"o}nmann, Manuela and Bodenschatz, Anja and Uhl, Matthias and Walkowitz, Gari}, title = {Contagious humans: A pandemic's positive effect on attitudes towards care robots}, volume = {2024}, pages = {102464}, journal = {Technology in Society}, number = {76}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1879-3274}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2024.102464}, year = {2024}, abstract = {History has shown that attitudes toward new technologies can change abruptly following disruptive events. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it became apparent that care robots enable increased social isolation. This feature of robotic care usually raises strong ethical concerns about potentially decreased comfort for the care-dependent. In a large-scale online study, we tested the influence of the pandemic on people's affective attitudes toward care robots. In vignettes on different care scenarios, we measured participants' perceived comfort levels in situations with care robots and human caregivers while controlling for their fear of infection with a viral disease. We found that people generally feel less comfortable with a care robot than with a human caregiver. However, those who had a strong fear of being infected during the pandemic did not devalue a care robot compared to a human caregiver. While care robots remain ethically contested, this study shows that affective attitudes toward care robots may change significantly if they can address an urgent need.}, language = {en} } @inbook{SchoenmannUhl2023, author = {Sch{\"o}nmann, Manuela and Uhl, Matthias}, title = {Eine ethische Perspektive auf KI in der Bildung}, booktitle = {K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz in der Bildung}, editor = {de Witt, Claudia and Gloerfeld, Christina and Wrede, Silke Elisabeth}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-40079-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40079-8_21}, pages = {433 -- 453}, year = {2023}, language = {de} }