@inproceedings{RewayFunkDrechslerMurthyetal.2022, author = {Reway, Fabio and Funk Drechsler, Maikol and Murthy, Ravikiran and Poledna, Yuri and Huber, Werner and Icking, Christian}, title = {Simulation-based test methods with an automotive camera-in-the-loop for automated driving algorithms}, booktitle = {2022 International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics Engineering (ICECCME)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-7095-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECCME55909.2022.9988437}, year = {2022}, language = {en} } @thesis{Murthy2021, author = {Murthy, Ravikiran}, title = {Evaluation of Simulation-based Test Methods with an Automotive Camera-in-the-Loop for Autonomous Driving}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, address = {Ingolstadt}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-23149}, pages = {X, 64}, school = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Vision Zero is a multi-national project that aims to achieve no fatalities involving road traffic. But, many technical challenges need to be mastered if at all Vision Zero is to become reality. The main challenge is to ensure the safety of the usage of automated functions in vehicles. In German Autobahn the average distance between two fatal accidents is around 7×10E8 km. For proving the safety of automated driving's operation, it is necessary to drive ten times more than the reference distance. Conventional test drives are not suited for this purpose since critical traffic situations cannot be tested in a normal road with traffic. Real road testing represents a high risk for other road users. Therefore, it is necessary to transfer part of the test cases to a safe laboratory environment. To ensure that the automated driving functions can be tested as reliably as possible, the complete chain of components must be available in the laboratory. These components are hardware and software of environmental sensors, ECU and their required interfaces. In such a configuration with all available components, the hardware-in-the-loop test methods should be improved by including real hardware of environmental sensors. For this purpose, synthetic sensor data can be used to verify and validate the tests to be conducted under laboratory conditions. The two main types of sensors most used in the automotive industry are the radar sensor and the camera. In this thesis, only the camera sensor is considered. The purpose of this work is to compare over-the-air and direct data injection test methods for camera-based algorithms in a hardware-in-the-loop setup. The over-the-air data injection method involves injecting camera sensor data into an ECU using an LCD monitor and an automotive camera setup. The camera is placed in front of the LCD monitor so that it can capture the data being displayed on the LCD monitor. The direct data injection method uses a device called a video interface box which emulates a camera. The VIB requires raw camera sensor data input and it injects camera sensor data into an ECU. Camera data received by the ECU using over-the-air and direct data injection methods are compared to its reference camera data using full-reference and no-reference image quality metrics. Another purpose of this thesis is to observe the influence of these two injection methods on an image-based algorithm namely, an object detection algorithm. It is noticed that the direct data injection methods have higher image quality than the over-the-air data injection method in terms of color channel perceiving, similarity to the reference and focus in the image. On the other hand, over-the-air data injection has shown better performance at object detection. But, both methods exhibit a very good testing methodology to test camera-based algorithm using synthetic camera data for injection.}, language = {en} }