@inproceedings{RollwagenRiener2023, author = {Rollwagen, Alice and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Enhancing User Acceptance: Investigating Effective Approaches to Communicating Information on Automated Shuttle Buses through eHMI Concepts}, booktitle = {Applied Research Conference 2023 Conference Proceedings: 3rd July 2023 Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, editor = {Vaculin, Ondrej}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, address = {Ingolstadt}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.57825/repo_in-5244}, pages = {265 -- 270}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @article{SchussRollwagenRiener2022, author = {Schuß, Martina and Rollwagen, Alice and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Understanding Operator Influence in Automated Urban Shuttle Buses and Recommendations for Future Development}, volume = {6}, pages = {109}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6120109}, year = {2022}, abstract = {The automation of our vehicles is an all-present topic with great benefits for society, particularly in the area of public transport and pilot projects of automated shuttle buses are already underway. However, they do not show the full potential of using them as a supplement to public transport, since single-occupancy registration of the vehicles usually allows only slow speeds and also requires a substitute driver on board. In our study, we aim to (1) examine the status quo of its user acceptance and (2) identify the roles of the operators and their tasks in automated urban shuttle buses. We conducted a mixed-method study including in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and in-the-field observations visiting pilot projects of the two most widespread pilot projects on German streets. Our results uncover the multiple roles and tasks the human operators currently assume. Furthermore, we developed design approaches for a digital companion substituting the operator in a long run and evaluated these concepts. A remote operator or a hologram were preferred solutions and we propose further design requirements for such companions. This work helps to understand the individual roles that operators currently occupy and provides a good basis for concepts of technologies that will perform these tasks in the future.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RollwagenSchussRiener2023, author = {Rollwagen, Alice and Schuß, Martina and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Enhancing Accessibility for Diverse User Groups in Automated Shuttle Buses: Implications from a User Enactment Study}, booktitle = {15th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces: Adjunct Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-0112-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3581961.3609876}, pages = {77 -- 82}, year = {2023}, language = {en} } @thesis{Rollwagen2024, author = {Rollwagen, Alice}, title = {The influence of user personality on requirements for the communication of automated shuttle buses in the exterior}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, address = {Ingolstadt}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-45781}, pages = {53, XXIV}, school = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, year = {2024}, abstract = {The future of automated mobility aims to create significant opportunities for growth and prosperity for the population. An appropriate level of understanding of automated driving, especially in the context of automated shuttle buses, is crucial for improving road safety. Nevertheless, there are many constructs that attempt to predict the factors for people's perception of automated shuttle buses, but there is no known study to date that has directly examined whether people's personality traits influences the perception and interaction with such vehicles. This study examines the relationship between personality traits and people's perception with fully automated shuttle buses. We conducted a study with 40 participants in a virtual CAVE to gain an in-depth understanding of the correlation between the Big Five personality dimensions and the factors influencing the perception of automated shuttle buses. We show that certain personality traits have a main effect on the influencing factors for automated shuttle buses. We found that four of the five dimensions of the Big Five have a significant impact on how people perceive the interaction with an automated shuttle bus. This is particularly seen in the context of Trust, Usability and Acceptance. The results showed that Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Extraversion had a positive effect on Technology Acceptance, while Neuroticism had a negative effect. Conscientiousness also had a positive effect on the Usability and Agreeableness and Extraversion a positive effect on Trust. Furthermore, it was found that for some personality traits (especially for Agreeableness) the presence of the eHMI has a very high moderate impact on the correlation with the influencing factors. The results are consistent with other studies relating to the Big Five and technology. Suggestions for future research are discussed.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RollwagenHornSchmidtneretal.2025, author = {Rollwagen, Alice and Horn, Alexander and Schmidtner, Stefanie and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Communicating Uncertainty in Arrival Time Predictions for Public Transport: A Comparison of Point and Interval Forecasts}, booktitle = {MuC´25: Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Mensch und Computer}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-1582-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3743049.3748542}, pages = {515 -- 519}, year = {2025}, abstract = {In public transport, arrival times are typically communicated as point forecasts, aiming to present precise estimates. However, current prediction models are unable to provide such precise and reliable estimates due to unpredictable events. This results in arrival times on passenger information systems appearing inaccurate due to the lack of communicated uncertainty. We therefore investigated interval forecasts as an alternative in an online study, aiming to better communicate uncertainty in arrival times. Our findings indicate that interval forecasts improve the communication of uncertainty. Further, user satisfaction was driven primarily by waiting time, and this relationship was moderated by the forecast concept. Point forecasts were only well received when the bus arrived as predicted, otherwise users preferred the broader interval forecasts. Participants valued accuracy over precision when judging arrival times.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RollwagenAlvarezRiener2025, author = {Rollwagen, Alice and Alvarez, Ignacio and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Reality Check: Real-World Observations of State-of-the-Art Driver Assistance Systems}, booktitle = {Adjunct Conference Proceedings: 17th International ACM Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, September 22-25, 2025, Brisbane, Australia}, publisher = {ACM}, address = {New York}, isbn = {979-8-4007-2014-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758487}, pages = {88 -- 93}, year = {2025}, language = {en} }