@inproceedings{SanchezMoralesBotschHuberetal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {High precision indoor navigation for autonomous vehicles}, booktitle = {2019 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-1788-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IPIN.2019.8911780}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChaulwarAlHashimiBotschetal.2019, author = {Chaulwar, Amit and Al-Hashimi, Hussein and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Efficient hybrid machine learning algorithm for trajectory planning in critical traffic-scenarios}, booktitle = {The 4th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Engineering, ICITE 2019}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4553-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITE.2019.8880266}, pages = {196 -- 202}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesBotschHuberetal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {High precision indoor positioning by means of LiDAR}, booktitle = {2019 DGON Inertial Sensors and Systems (ISS), Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-1935-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ISS46986.2019.8943731}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesMembarthGaulletal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Membarth, Richard and Gaull, Andreas and Slusallek, Philipp and Dirndorfer, Tobias and Kammenhuber, Alexander and Lauer, Christoph and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Parallel Multi-Hypothesis Algorithm for Criticality Estimation in Traffic and Collision Avoidance}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814015}, pages = {2164 -- 2171}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KruberWurstSanchezMoralesetal.2019, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and Wurst, Jonas and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Unsupervised and Supervised Learning with the Random Forest Algorithm for Traffic Scenario Clustering and Classification}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813994}, pages = {2463 -- 2470}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SequeiraAfrajLugneretal.2019, author = {Sequeira, Gerald Joy and Afraj, Shahabaz and Lugner, Robert and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {LiDAR based prediction and contact based validation of crash parameters for a preemptive restraint strategy}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-3473-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2019.8906354}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderLugnerBrandmeier2019, author = {Schneider, Kilian and Lugner, Robert and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {LiDAR-based contour estimation of oncoming vehicles in pre-crash scenarios}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813825}, pages = {2272 -- 2277}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HeldSteinhauserKamannetal.2019, author = {Held, Patrick and Steinhauser, Dagmar and Kamann, Alexander and Koch, Andreas and Brandmeier, Thomas and Schwarz, Ulrich}, title = {Micro-Doppler extraction of bicycle pedaling movements using automotive radar}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813828}, pages = {744 -- 749}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SteinhauserHeldKamannetal.2019, author = {Steinhauser, Dagmar and Held, Patrick and Kamann, Alexander and Koch, Andreas and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {Micro-Doppler extraction of pedestrian limbs for high resolution automotive radar}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813850}, pages = {764 -- 769}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZaumseilSteinhauserHeldetal.2019, author = {Zaumseil, Patrick and Steinhauser, Dagmar and Held, Patrick and Kamann, Alexander and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {Radar-based near field environment perception using back projection algorithm}, booktitle = {European Microwave Week 2019: "Universality Through Microwaves" Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-2-87487-057-6}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8904568}, pages = {257 -- 260}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{RienerJeon2019, author = {Riener, Andreas and Jeon, Myounghoon}, title = {Guest editors' introduction: multimodal technologies and interaction in the era of automated driving}, volume = {3}, pages = {41}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti3020041}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WeberErcelikEbertetal.2019, author = {Weber, Tobias and Ercelik, Emec and Ebert, Martin and Knoll, Alois}, title = {Recognition \& evaluation of additional traffic signs on the example of '80 km/h when wet'}, booktitle = {The 2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference - ITSC}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7024-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8916950}, pages = {4134 -- 4139}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrunnerDenkHuberetal.2019, author = {Brunner, Pascal and Denk, Florian and Huber, Werner and Kates, Ronald}, title = {Virtual safety performance assessment for automated driving in complex urban traffic scenarios}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7024-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8917517}, pages = {679 -- 685}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{HuberMinStaatetal.2019, author = {Huber, Stephan and Min, Changwook and Staat, Christoph and Oh, Juhyun and Castro, Cesar and Haase, Axel and Weissleder, Ralph and Gleich, Bernhard and Lee, Hakho}, title = {Multichannel digital heteronuclear magnetic resonance biosensor}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, number = {126}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-4235}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.052}, pages = {240 -- 248}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{MokhtariContiBhogarajuetal.2019, author = {Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Meier, Markus and Schweigart, Helmut and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Characterization of tin-oxides and tin-formate crystals obtained from SnAgCu solder alloy under formic acid vapor}, volume = {43}, journal = {New Journal of Chemistry}, number = {26}, publisher = {RSC}, address = {London}, issn = {1369-9261}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ02135C}, pages = {10227 -- 10231}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{AubrevilleStoeveOetteretal.2019, author = {Aubreville, Marc and Stoeve, Maike and Oetter, Nicolai and Goncalves, Miguel and Knipfer, Christian and Neumann, Helmut and Bohr, Christopher and Stelzle, Florian and Maier, Andreas}, title = {Deep learning-based detection of motion artifacts in probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy images}, volume = {14}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1861-6429}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-018-1836-1}, pages = {31 -- 42}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{BertramAubrevilleMarzahletal.2019, author = {Bertram, Christof and Aubreville, Marc and Marzahl, Christian and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert}, title = {A large-scale dataset for mitotic figure assessment on whole slide images of canine cutaneous mast cell tumor}, volume = {6}, pages = {274}, journal = {Scientific data}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, issn = {2052-4463}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0290-4}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We introduce a novel, large-scale dataset for microscopy cell annotations. The dataset includes 32 whole slide images (WSI) of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, selected to include both low grade cases as well as high grade cases. The slides have been completely annotated for mitotic figures and we provide secondary annotations for neoplastic mast cells, inflammatory granulocytes, and mitotic figure look-alikes. Additionally to a blinded two-expert manual annotation with consensus, we provide an algorithm-aided dataset, where potentially missed mitotic figures were detected by a deep neural network and subsequently assessed by two human experts. We included 262,481 annotations in total, out of which 44,880 represent mitotic figures. For algorithmic validation, we used a customized RetinaNet approach, followed by a cell classification network. We find F1-Scores of 0.786 and 0.820 for the manually labelled and the algorithm-aided dataset, respectively. The dataset provides, for the first time, WSIs completely annotated for mitotic figures and thus enables assessment of mitosis detection algorithms on complete WSIs as well as region of interest detection algorithms.}, language = {en} } @article{GoncalvesAubrevilleMuelleretal.2019, author = {Goncalves, Miguel and Aubreville, Marc and M{\"u}ller, Sarina K. and Sievert, Matti and Maier, Andreas and Iro, Heinrich and Bohr, Christopher}, title = {Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in detecting malignant lesions of vocal folds}, volume = {39}, journal = {ACTA Otorhinolaryngologica Italica}, number = {6}, publisher = {Pacini}, address = {Pisa}, issn = {1827-675X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-2121}, pages = {389 -- 395}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an innovative technique for real-time, non-invasive analysis of the surface epithelium. While being successfully used for diagnosis by experts, this method has not yet been established in clinical routine, partly due to the lack of standards and criteria for classifying various lesions. Our aim was to determine the diagnostic value and inter-rater reliability of CLE in detecting malignant lesions of the vocal cords. 58 video sequences were extracted from the probe-based CLE (GastroFlex probe with a Cellvizio® laser system) examinations of 3 patients with squamous cell carcinomas and 4 patients with benign alterations of the vocal folds. Two ENT surgeons, who were blinded to the histological result, were asked to identify the sequences representing a carcinoma. We showed an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 91.38-96.55\%, 100\%, 87.8-95.2\%, 77.27-89.47\% and 100\%, respectively, with an inter-rater reliability of k = 0.89 ("almost perfect agreement"). Probe-based CLE is a promising method for diagnosis and assessment of vocal fold lesions in vivo. Our results suggest that, with adequate training, the diagnostic value of this technique can be improved and potentially provide important information during oncological surgery.}, language = {en} } @article{SelmaierDonhauserLechleretal.2019, author = {Selmaier, Andreas and Donhauser, Toni and Lechler, Tobias and Zeitler, Jochen and Franke, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Simulationsgest{\"u}tzte Produktionsplanung flexibler Fertigungssysteme}, volume = {109}, journal = {wt Werkstattstechnik online}, subtitle = {Konzeptionierung einer Materialflusssimulation mittels Echtzeitdaten f{\"u}r die flexible Serienfertigung}, number = {4}, publisher = {VDI Fachmedien}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {1436-4980}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-04}, pages = {242 -- 249}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{SchneiderVoegeleEndisch2019, author = {Schneider, Dominik and V{\"o}gele, Ulrich and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Model-based sensor data fusion of quasi-redundant voltage and current measurements in a lithium-ion battery module}, volume = {2019}, pages = {227156}, journal = {Journal of Power Sources}, number = {440}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {1873-2755}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227156}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{LiebhartKomsiyskaEndisch2019, author = {Liebhart, Bernhard and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Passive impedance spectroscopy for monitoring lithium-ion battery cells during vehicle operation}, volume = {2020}, pages = {227297}, journal = {Journal of Power Sources}, number = {449}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {1873-2755}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227297}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{AxmannHambergerLiegl2019, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Hamberger, Werner and Liegl, Thomas}, title = {Digitalisierung der Fabrik - Datenqualit{\"a}t als Schl{\"u}ssel zum Erfolg}, volume = {114}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Welchen Wert haben Daten?}, number = {5}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112083}, pages = {302 -- 305}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @inbook{BaderStummeyer2019, author = {Bader, Martin and Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {The Role of Innovation and IP in AI-Based Business Models}, booktitle = {Digital Entrepreneurship: Interfaces Between Digital Technologies and Entrepreneurship}, editor = {Baierl, Ronny and Behrens, Judith and Brem, Alexander}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-20138-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20138-8_2}, pages = {23 -- 56}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inbook{Stummeyer2019, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Digitalisierung im M{\"o}belhandel}, booktitle = {Digitalisierung in Industrie-, Handels- und Dienstleistungsunternehmen: Konzepte - L{\"o}sungen - Beispiele}, editor = {Fend, Lars and Hofmann, J{\"u}rgen}, edition = {2., aktualisierte und {\"u}berarbeitete Auflage}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-26964-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26964-7_16}, pages = {305 -- 320}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{RieglerWintersbergerRieneretal.2019, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving}, volume = {18}, journal = {i-com: Journal of Interactive Media}, number = {2}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2196-6826}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/icom-2018-0033}, pages = {127 -- 149}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{FrisonWintersbergerRiener2019, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Resurrecting the ghost in the shell: a need-centered development approach for optimizing user experience in highly automated vehicles}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour}, number = {65}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-5517}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2019.08.001}, pages = {439 -- 456}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{HasirliogluRiener2019, author = {Hasirlioglu, Sinan and Riener, Andreas}, title = {A General Approach for Simulating Rain Effects on Sensor Data in Real and Virtual Environments}, volume = {5}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles}, number = {3}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {2379-8904}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TIV.2019.2960944}, pages = {426 -- 438}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderWalser2019, author = {Schneider, Doris and Walser, Christina}, title = {"Kirjasto heißt Bibliothek"}, volume = {13}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, subtitle = {Impressionen von einer Reise zu finnischen Bibliotheken}, number = {2}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2019/heft-2-2019}, pages = {130 -- 134}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{BaldarelliKoehlerTrescher2019, author = {Baldarelli, Beatrice and K{\"o}hler, Antje and Trescher, Klaus}, title = {Blended Learning, Gamification und Co}, volume = {13}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, subtitle = {Neue Wege zur Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz durch die Bibliothek}, number = {4}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2019/heft-4-2019}, pages = {278 -- 281}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{SequeiraLugnerJumaretal.2019, author = {Sequeira, Gerald Joy and Lugner, Robert and Jumar, Ulrich and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {A validation sensor based on carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic for early activation of automotive occupant restraint systems}, volume = {8}, journal = {Journal of sensors and sensor systems (JSSS)}, number = {1}, publisher = {Copernicus Publ.}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, issn = {2194-878X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-8-19-2019}, pages = {19 -- 35}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In the automotive industry, sensors and sensor systems are one of the most important components in upcoming challenges like highly automated and autonomous driving. Forward-looking sensors (radar, lidar and cameras) have the technical capability to already provide important (pre-)crash information, such as the position of contact, relative crash velocity and overlap (width of contact) before the crash occurs. Future safety systems can improve crash mitigation with sophisticated vehicle safety strategies based on this information. One such strategy is an early activation of restraint systems compared with conventional passive safety systems. These integrated safety systems consist of a combination of predictive forward-looking sensors and occupant restraint systems (airbags, belt tensioners, etc.) to provide the best occupant safety in inevitable crash situations. The activation of the restraint systems is the most critical decision process and requires a very robust validation system to avoid false activation. Hence, the information provided by the forward-looking sensor needs to be highly reliable. A validation sensor is required to check the plausibility of crucial information from forward-looking sensors used in integrated safety systems for safe automated and autonomous driving. This work presents a CFRP-based (carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic) validation sensor working on the principle of change in electrical resistance when a contact occurs. This sensor detects the first contact, gives information on impact position (where the contact occurs) and provides information on the overlap. The aim is to activate the vehicle restraint systems at near T0 (time of first contact). Prototypes of the sensor were manufactured in house and manually and were evaluated. At first, the sensor and its working principle were tested with a pendulum apparatus. In the next stage, the sensor was tested in a real crash test. The comparison of the signals from the CFRP-based sensor with presently used crash sensors in the vehicle highlights its advantages. The crash event can be identified at 0.1 ms after the initial contact. The sensor also provides information on impact position at 1.2 ms and enables a validation of the overlap development. Finally, a possible algorithm for the vehicle safety system using forward-looking sensors with a validation sensor is described.}, language = {en} } @article{KimStegerKotaketal.2019, author = {Kim, Woong-Ki and Steger, Fabian and Kotak, Bhavya and Knudsen, Peter V. R. and Girgsdies, Uwe and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Water Condensation in Traction Battery Systems}, volume = {12}, pages = {1171}, journal = {Energies}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en12061171}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Lithium-ion traction battery systems of hybrid and electric vehicles must have a high level of durability and reliability like all other components and systems of a vehicle. Battery systems get heated while in the application. To ensure the desired life span and performance, most systems are equipped with a cooling system. The changing environmental condition in daily use may cause water condensation in the housing of the battery system. In this study, three system designs were investigated, to compare different solutions to deal with pressure differences and condensation: (1) a sealed battery system, (2) an open system and (3) a battery system equipped with a pressure compensation element (PCE). These three designs were tested under two conditions: (a) in normal operation and (b) in a maximum humidity scenario. The amount of the condensation in the housing was determined through a change in relative humidity of air inside the housing. Through PCE and available spacing of the housing, moisture entered into the housing during the cooling process. While applying the test scenarios, the gradient-based drift of the moisture into the housing contributed maximum towards the condensation. Condensation occurred on the internal surface for all the three design variants.}, language = {en} } @article{ClostermannSeitz2019, author = {Clostermann, J{\"o}rg and Seitz, Franz}, title = {Effektivverzinsung und Volatilit{\"a}t bei Finanzierung mit Zinsbindung und variablen Zinsen}, volume = {6}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Immobilien{\"o}konomie}, subtitle = {Eine empirische Untersuchung f{\"u}r Deutschland}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, issn = {2198-8021}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1365/s41056-019-00029-w}, pages = {29 -- 46}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Wir stellen einer festen Zinsbindung von 10 Jahren bei Wohnungsbaukrediten eine monatliche an einem Kurzfristzins angepasste Zinsbelastung bei unterschiedlichen R{\"u}ckzahlungsfristen gegen{\"u}ber. Daf{\"u}r werten wir Monatsdaten seit den 1950er Jahren f{\"u}r Deutschland aus. Damit greifen wir mehrere Zinszyklen, Zinserh{\"o}hungs- und Zinssenkungsphasen ab. Im Ergebnis finden wir, dass in der {\"u}berwiegenden Mehrzahl der F{\"a}lle kurzfristig variable Zinsen eine geringere Zinsbelastung nach sich ziehen. Und diese weisen auch noch geringere Schwankungen auf.}, language = {de} } @article{ContiSaidiGoldbrunner2019, author = {Conti, Fosca and Saidi, Abdessamad and Goldbrunner, Markus}, title = {CFD Modelling of Biomass Mixing in Anaerobic Digesters of Biogas Plants}, volume = {23}, journal = {Environmental and Climate Technologies}, number = {3}, publisher = {RTU Press}, address = {Riga}, issn = {2255-8837}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-0079}, pages = {57 -- 69}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Cut in greenhouse gas emissions, increment of energy from renewables and improvement in energy efficiency represent the three key targets for future energy systems. Among the available bioenergy technologies, biogas production via biodegradation and anaerobic digestion is a widely applied approach, not only to produce biofuels but also to manage industrial and domestic organic waste. Within the biogas production, a sufficient mixing of the organic mass is a crucial step to ensure high biogas yields by bacteria and enzymes. Measurements of the electric power consumption of biogas plants revealed that the electrical energy demand of the stirrer system has a high share of the total electricity consumption of a biogas plant. Investigations on real biogas digesters to optimize the mixing process are cost and time intensive. Therefore, laboratory prototypes and computational simulations represent promising alternatives to analyse and improve the efficiency of mixing systems. In this paper, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is presented, which is applied to commercial stirring systems. The case of two propeller stirrers, located in diametrically opposite positions in a tank filled with ca. 1400 m3 of substrate is described in detail. For the simulation, the rheology of the fluid is adapted to a biomass with 12 wt \% dry matter content and obeying the non-Newtonian generalized Ostwald-de Waele power law. The developed simulation procedure considers the rotation angle of each propeller and its height. A total of 441 mixing configurations are calculated and evaluated in terms of the technical benefit. The investigation reveals that locations of the rotors far away from the bottom and high rotational angles cause advantageous fluid dynamics.}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-751, title = {Forschungsbericht 2019}, series = {Forschungsbericht (2019)}, editor = {Schober, Walter}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, publisher = {Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:573-7517}, pages = {114}, year = {2019}, abstract = {das Ziel der angewandten Forschung ist es, Erkenntnisse der Grundlagenforschung in die Anwendung zu bringen. Diesem Ziel haben wir uns mit der Forschung an der THI verschrieben. Etwa ein Drittel unseres gesamten Hochschulbudgets investieren wir in die Forschung - und z{\"a}hlen damit bundesweit zur Spitze der forschenden Hochschulen f{\"u}r angewandte Wissenschaften. Das eingeworbene Drittelmittelvolumen von 13 Mio. € in 2018, {\"u}ber 140 wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiter unserer rund 50 forschungsstarken Professorinnen und Professoren und ein Graduiertenzentrum mit {\"u}ber 90 Doktorandinnen und Doktoranden stehen f{\"u}r diesen Erfolg. Wie wollen wir diesen Erfolg in die Zukunft tragen? Unsere internen Forschungsinstitute CARISSMA, Innovative Mobilit{\"a}t (IIMo) und Neue Energiesysteme (INES) werden neben den bestehenden Kompetenzfeldern tragende S{\"a}ulen unserer Forschungsaktivit{\"a}ten bleiben. Daneben werden wir uns aber auch zunehmend mit Forschungspartnern außerhalb der Hochschule vernetzen und gemeinsam mit diesen Forschungseinrichtungen aufbauen. Einer dieser Forschungspartner ist die Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur F{\"o}rderung der angewandten Forschung e. V., die mit {\"u}ber 25.000 Mitarbeitern gr{\"o}ßte Organisation f{\"u}r angewandte Forschungs- und Entwicklungsdienstleistungen in Europa. Zusammen mit dem Fraunhofer Institut f{\"u}r Verkehrs- und Infrastruktursysteme IVI werden wir ein Fraunhofer Anwendungszentrum f{\"u}r Vernetze Mobilit{\"a}t in Ingolstadt einrichten. Damit wollen wir aus den vorhandenen technologischen Kompetenzen der THI und des Fraunhofer IVI Synergien nutzen - und als THI ein Teil des weltumspannenden Fraunhofer-Netzwerks werden. Ein weiterer Meilenstein in 2019 ist die Einrichtung eines Zentrums f{\"u}r K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz und Maschinelles Lernen, welches die THI im Rahmen der Zukunftsinitiative der Bayerischen Staatsregierung gemeinsam mit Partnern der Region aus Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Politik aufbauen wird. Das Forschungszentrum wird schwerpunktm{\"a}ßig KI-Anwendungen in den Bereichen Mobilit{\"a}t, Handel, Produktion und Gesundheit erforschen. Der Aufbau des Stammpersonals auf insgesamt rund 24 Stellen, davon 12 Professuren, ist gesichert. Damit schaffen wir in einer Zukunftstechnologie - eingebettet in das bayerische Wissenschaftsnetzwerk - einen herausragenden Aufschlag f{\"u}r Ingolstadt und die Region. Die oben genannten Themen sind nur einige von vielen Entwicklungen im Bereich der angewandten Forschung der THI. Mehr dazu erfahren Sie im vorliegenden Forschungsbericht, der Ihnen einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber unsere Forschungsaktivit{\"a}ten der vergangenen zwei Jahre gibt. Wir m{\"o}chten an dieser Stelle allen Beteiligten danken, die die Forschung der THI unterst{\"u}tzen. Ob als kooperierendes Unternehmen oder als Mitarbeiter der THI: Sie alle tragen gemeinsam dazu bei, dass wir abermals von einer Vielzahl an innovativen Forschungsaktivit{\"a}ten berichten k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} } @article{KleinerKomsiyskaElgeretal.2019, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Elger, Gordon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Thermal modelling of a prismatic lithium-ion cell in a battery electric vehicle environment}, volume = {13}, pages = {62}, journal = {Energies}, subtitle = {influences of the experimental validation setup}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en13010062}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In electric vehicles with lithium-ion battery systems, the temperature of the battery cells has a great impact on performance, safety, and lifetime. Therefore, developing thermal models of lithium-ion batteries to predict and investigate the temperature development and its impact is crucial. Commonly, models are validated with experimental data to ensure correct model behaviour. However, influences of experimental setups or comprehensive validation concepts are often not considered, especially for the use case of prismatic cells in a battery electric vehicle. In this work, a 3D electro-thermal model is developed and experimentally validated to predict the cell's temperature behaviour for a single prismatic cell under battery electric vehicle (BEV) boundary conditions. One focus is on the development of a single cell's experimental setup and the investigation of the commonly neglected influences of an experimental setup on the cell's thermal behaviour. Furthermore, a detailed validation is performed for the laboratory BEV scenario for spatially resolved temperatures and heat generation. For validation, static and dynamic loads are considered as well as the detected experimental influences. The validated model is used to predict the temperature within the cell in the BEV application for constant current and Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) load profile.}, language = {en} }