@article{vonSawitzkyGrauschopfRiener2021, author = {von Sawitzky, Tamara and Grauschopf, Thomas and Riener, Andreas}, title = {"Attention! A Door Could Open."—Introducing Awareness Messages for Cyclists to Safely Evade Potential Hazards}, volume = {6}, pages = {3}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6010003}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Numerous statistics show that cyclists are often involved in road traffic accidents, often with serious outcomes. One potential hazard of cycling, especially in cities, is "dooring"—passing parked vehicles that still have occupants inside. These occupants could open the vehicle door unexpectedly in the cyclist's path—requiring a quick evasive response by the cyclist to avoid a collision. Dooring can be very poorly anticipated; as a possible solution, we propose in this work a system that notifies the cyclist of opening doors based on a networked intelligent transportation infrastructure. In a user study with a bicycle simulator (N = 24), we examined the effects of three user interface designs compared to a baseline (no notifications) on cycling behavior (speed and lateral position), perceived safety, and ease of use. Awareness messages (either visual message, visual message + auditory icon, or visual + voice message) were displayed on a smart bicycle helmet at different times before passing a parked, still-occupied vehicle. Our participants found the notifications of potential hazards very easy to understand and appealing and felt that the alerts could help them navigate traffic more safely. Those concepts that (additionally) used auditory icons or voice messages were preferred. In addition, the lateral distance increased significantly when a potentially opening door was indicated. In these situations, cyclists were able to safely pass the parked vehicle without braking. In summary, we are convinced that notification systems, such as the one presented here, are an important component for increasing road safety, especially for vulnerable road users.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UnoldWintergerstBelzneretal.2021, author = {Unold, Florian von and Wintergerst, Monika and Belzner, Lenz and Groh, Georg}, title = {DYME: a dynamic metric for dialog modeling learned from human conversations}, booktitle = {Neural Information Processing: 28th International Conference, ICONIP 2021, Sanur, Bali, Indonesia, December 8-12, 2021, Proceedings, Part V}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-92307-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92307-5_30}, pages = {257 -- 264}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{KleinerStuckenbergerKomsiyskaetal.2021, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Stuckenberger, Magdalena and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Advanced monitoring and prediction of the thermal state of intelligent battery cells in electric vehicles by physics-based and data-driven modeling}, volume = {7}, pages = {31}, journal = {Batteries}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2313-0105}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7020031}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Novel intelligent battery systems are gaining importance with functional hardware on the cell level. Cell-level hardware allows for advanced battery state monitoring and thermal management, but also leads to additional thermal interactions. In this work, an electro-thermal framework for the modeling of these novel intelligent battery cells is provided. Thereby, a lumped thermal model, as well as a novel neural network, are implemented in the framework as thermal submodels. For the first time, a direct comparison of a physics-based and a data-driven thermal battery model is performed in the same framework. The models are compared in terms of temperature estimation with regard to accuracy. Both models are very well suited to represent the thermal behavior in novel intelligent battery cells. In terms of accuracy and computation time, however, the data-driven neural network approach with a Nonlinear AutoregRessive network with eXogeneous input (NARX) shows slight advantages. Finally, novel applications of temperature prediction in battery electric vehicles are presented and the applicability of the models is illustrated. Thereby, the conventional prediction of the state of power is extended by simultaneous temperature prediction. Additionally, temperature forecasting is used for pre-conditioning by advanced cooling system regulation to enable energy efficiency and fast charging.}, language = {en} } @article{AxenieBauerRodriguezMartinez2021, author = {Axenie, Cristian and Bauer, Roman and Rodr{\´i}guez Mart{\´i}nez, Mar{\´i}a}, title = {The Multiple Dimensions of Networks in Cancer: A Perspective}, volume = {13}, pages = {1559}, journal = {Symmetry}, number = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-8994}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13091559}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This perspective article gathers the latest developments in mathematical and computational oncology tools that exploit network approaches for the mathematical modelling, analysis, and simulation of cancer development and therapy design. It instigates the community to explore new paths and synergies under the umbrella of the Special Issue "Networks in Cancer: From Symmetry Breaking to Targeted Therapy". The focus of the perspective is to demonstrate how networks can model the physics, analyse the interactions, and predict the evolution of the multiple processes behind tumour-host encounters across multiple scales. From agent-based modelling and mechano-biology to machine learning and predictive modelling, the perspective motivates a methodology well suited to mathematical and computational oncology and suggests approaches that mark a viable path towards adoption in the clinic.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrunnerDenkHuberetal.2019, author = {Brunner, Pascal and Denk, Florian and Huber, Werner and Kates, Ronald}, title = {Virtual safety performance assessment for automated driving in complex urban traffic scenarios}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7024-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8917517}, pages = {679 -- 685}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DenkHuberBrunneretal.2020, author = {Denk, Florian and Huber, Werner and Brunner, Pascal and Kates, Ronald}, title = {The role of perceptual failure and degrading processes in urban traffic accidents: a stochastic computational model for virtual experiments}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4149-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294498}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrunnerLoeckenDenketal.2021, author = {Brunner, Pascal and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Denk, Florian and Kates, Ronald and Huber, Werner}, title = {Analysis of experimental data on dynamics and behavior of e-scooter riders and applications to the impact of automated driving functions on urban road safety}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6673-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304835}, pages = {219 -- 225}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WenzelSchoenLealTaixeetal.2021, author = {Wenzel, Patrick and Sch{\"o}n, Torsten and Leal-Taix{\´e}, Laura and Cremers, Daniel}, title = {Vision-based mobile robotics obstacle avoidance with deep reinforcement learning}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9077-8}, issn = {2577-087X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA48506.2021.9560787}, pages = {14360 -- 14366}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1275, title = {"Die große Transformation"}, subtitle = {Beitrag von Unternehmen und Wissenschaft zur Nachaltigen Entwicklung: Tagungsband zur Tagung am 08.11.2019}, editor = {Schober, Walter}, publisher = {Cuvillier}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, isbn = {978-3-7369-7318-3}, doi = {https://cuvillier.de/de/shop/publications/8433-die-grosse-transformation}, pages = {155}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{MokhtariContiBhogarajuetal.2019, author = {Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Meier, Markus and Schweigart, Helmut and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Characterization of tin-oxides and tin-formate crystals obtained from SnAgCu solder alloy under formic acid vapor}, volume = {43}, journal = {New Journal of Chemistry}, number = {26}, publisher = {RSC}, address = {London}, issn = {1369-9261}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ02135C}, pages = {10227 -- 10231}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{BhogarajuContiKotadiaetal.2020, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Conti, Fosca and Kotadia, Hiren R. and Keim, Simon and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Novel approach to copper sintering using surface enhanced brass micro flakes for microelectronics packaging}, volume = {2020}, pages = {156043}, journal = {Journal of Alloys and Compounds}, number = {844}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-4669}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156043}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WurstBalasubramanianBotschetal.2021, author = {Wurst, Jonas and Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Novelty Detection and Analysis of Traffic Scenario Infrastructures in the Latent Space of a Vision Transformer-Based Triplet Autoencoder}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-5394-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV48863.2021.9575730}, pages = {1304 -- 1311}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidBhogarajuLiuetal.2020, author = {Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Liu, E and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Comparison of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Solder, Sinter, and Adhesive Interconnects in Power and Opto-Electronics}, volume = {10}, pages = {8516}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {23}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238516}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Reliability is one of the major requirements for power and opto-electronic devices across all segments. High operation temperature and/or high thermomechanical stress cause defects and degradation of materials and interconnects, which may lead to malfunctions with costly or even life-threatening consequences. To avoid or at least reduce failures, nondestructive testing (NDT) methods are common within development and production of power and opto-electronics. Currently, the dominating NDT methods are X-ray, scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), and transient thermal analysis (TTA). However, they have different strengths and weaknesses with respect to materials and mechanical designs. This paper compares these NDT methods for different interconnect technologies, i.e., reflow soldering, adhesive, and sintered interconnection. While X-ray provided adequate results for soldered interfaces, inspection of adhesives and sintered interconnects was not possible. With SAM, evaluation of adhesives and sintered interconnects was also feasible, but quality depended strongly on the sample under test. TTA enabled sufficiently detailed results for all the interconnect applications. Automated TTA equipment, as the in-house developed tester used within this investigation, enabled measurement times compatible with SAM and X-ray. In the investigations, all methods revealed their pros and cons, and their selection has to depend on the sample under tests and the required analysis depth and data details. In the paper, guidelines are formulated for an appropriate decision on the NDT method depending on sample and requirements.}, language = {en} } @article{MathiasSchmiedGrossmann2020, author = {Mathias, Selvine George and Schmied, Sebastian and Großmann, Daniel}, title = {An investigation on database connections in OPC UA applications}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Procedia Computer Science}, number = {170}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-0509}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.132}, pages = {602 -- 609}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Open Platform Communications - Unified Architecture (OPC UA) as a communication protocol has been one of the front running IoT enablers in recent years. Many use cases in manufacturing domains demonstrate the vast inter-operability and cross-platform connectivity strengths of OPC UA. However, to consolidate its position in the IoT world, OPC UA needs to be able to bridge certain gaps, like interconnections across multiple database engines over different networks. This paper aims to investigate aggregation dynamics of OPC UA consisting of multiple database servers from a specific environment such as manufacturing. Prevailing databases over restricted networks such as production floors cannot be accessed by respective clients outside the system. In these cases, OPC UA services can provide an a selective but imperative view of data from these databases to the clients. The investigations in this paper are demonstrated with two different implementations of databases related to manufacturing with OPC UA. These applications show that using OPC UA as a means of connection and distribution of information from databases can be an effective solution to a common data view of all connections not necessarily of factory floor network.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WilmBertramMarzahletal.2021, author = {Wilm, Frauke and Bertram, Christof and Marzahl, Christian and Bartel, Alexander and Donovan, Taryn and Assenmacher, Charles-Antoine and Becker, Kathrin and Bennett, Mark and Corner, Sarah M. and Cossic, Brieuc and Denk, Daniela and Dettwiler, Martina and Garcia Gonzalez, Beatriz and Gurtner, Corinne and Heier, Annabelle and Lehmbecker, Annika and Merz, Sophie and Plog, Stephanie and Schmidt, Anja and Sebastian, Franziska and Smedley, Rebecca C. and Tecilla, Marco and Thaiwong, Tuddow and Breininger, Katharina and Kiupel, Matti and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert and Aubreville, Marc}, title = {Influence of inter-annotator variability on automatic mitotic figure assessment}, booktitle = {Bildverarbeitung f{\"u}r die Medizin 2021}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-33198-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_56}, pages = {241 -- 246}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{BhogarajuMokhtariContietal.2020, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Die-attach bonding for high temperature applications using thermal decomposition of copper(II) formate with polyethylene glycol}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Scripta Materialia}, number = {182}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-6462}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.02.045}, pages = {74 -- 80}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidBhogarajuHanssetal.2021, author = {Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Hanss, Alexander and Elger, Gordon}, title = {A new noise-suppression algorithm for transient thermal analysis in semiconductors over pulse superposition}, volume = {70}, pages = {6500409}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {0018-9456}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2020.3011818}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{KleinerSinghSchmidetal.2020, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Singh, Randeep and Schmid, Michael and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Elger, Gordon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Influence of heat pipe assisted terminal cooling on the thermal behavior of a large prismatic lithium-ion cell during fast charging in electric vehicles}, volume = {2021}, pages = {116328}, journal = {Applied Thermal Engineering}, number = {188}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-4311}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.116328}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{BhogarajuKotadiaContietal.2021, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Kotadia, Hiren R. and Conti, Fosca and Mauser, Armin and Rubenbauer, Thomas and Bruetting, Robert and Schneider-Ramelow, Martin and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Die-attach bonding with etched micro brass metal pigment flakes for high-power electronics packaging}, volume = {3}, journal = {ACS Applied Electronic Materials}, number = {10}, publisher = {ACS Publications}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2637-6113}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.1c00721}, pages = {4587 -- 4603}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MokhtariContiSacconetal.2021, author = {Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Saccon, Rodolfo and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Formic acid and formate salts for chemical vapor deposition of copper on glass substrates at atmospheric pressure}, volume = {45}, journal = {New Journal of Chemistry}, number = {43}, publisher = {RSC}, address = {London}, issn = {1369-9261}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ02476K}, pages = {20133 -- 20139}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{KleinerLechermannKomsiyskaetal.2021, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Lechermann, Lorenz and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Elger, Gordon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Thermal behavior of intelligent automotive lithium-ion batteries}, volume = {2021}, pages = {102686}, journal = {Journal of energy storage}, subtitle = {operating strategies for adaptive thermal balancing by reconfiguration}, number = {40}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1538}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102686}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{SanchezSolisAxmannSchuldt2021, author = {S{\´a}nchez Solis, Lesly and Axmann, Bernhard and Schuldt, Tino}, title = {Vergleich von Methoden zur Auswahl Digitaler Technologien f{\"u}r KMU}, volume = {116}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Welche Methoden zur Auswahl von Digitalen Technologien sind f{\"u}r kleine und mittlere Unternehmen am besten geeignet?}, number = {10}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2021-0148}, pages = {735 -- 739}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{DonovanMooreBertrametal.2021, author = {Donovan, Taryn and Moore, Frances M. and Bertram, Christof and Luong, Richard and Bolfa, Pompei and Klopfleisch, Robert and Tvedten, Harold and Salas, Elisa N. and Whitley, Derick and Aubreville, Marc and Meuten, Donald J.}, title = {Mitotic Figures - Normal, Atypical, and Imposters: A Guide to Identification}, volume = {58}, journal = {Veterinary pathology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {1544-2217}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985820980049}, pages = {243 -- 257}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MeutenMooreDonovanetal.2021, author = {Meuten, Donald J. and Moore, Frances M. and Donovan, Taryn and Bertram, Christof and Klopfleisch, Robert and Foster, Robert A. and Smedley, Rebecca C. and Dark, Michael and Milovancev, Milan and Stromberg, Paul and Williams, Bruce H. and Aubreville, Marc and Avallone, Giancarlo and Bolfa, Pompei and Cullen, John and Dennis, Michelle M. and Goldschmidt, Michael and Luong, Richard and Miller, Andrew D. and Miller, Margaret A. and Munday, John S. and Roccabianca, Paola and Salas, Elisa N. and Schulman, F. Yvonne and Laufer-Amorim, Renee and Asakawa, Midori G. and Craig, Linden and Dervisis, Nick and Esplin, D. Glen and George, Jeanne W. and Hauck, Marlene and Kagawa, Yumiko and Kiupel, Matti and Linder, Keith and Meichner, Kristina and Marconato, Laura and Oblak, Michelle L. and Santos, Renato L. and Simpson, R. Mark and Tvedten, Harold and Whitley, Derick}, title = {International Guidelines for Veterinary Tumor Pathology: A Call to Action}, volume = {58}, journal = {Veterinary Pathology}, number = {5}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {1544-2217}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/03009858211013712}, pages = {766 -- 794}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{GrafTetzlaffBiscaiadeSouzaetal.2018, author = {Graf, Karin and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Biscaia de Souza, Gelson and Scheid, Adriano}, title = {Effect of Dilution on the Microstructure and Properties of CoCrMoSi alloy Coatings Processed on High-Carbon Substrate}, volume = {22}, pages = {e20180502}, journal = {Materials Research: Revista Ibero-Americana de Materiais}, number = {1}, publisher = {Associa{\c{c}}{\~a}o Brasileira de Metalurgia e Materiais (ABM); Associa{\c{c}}{\~a}o Brasileira de Cer{\^a}mica (ABC); Associa{\c{c}}{\~a}o Brasileira de Pol{\´i}meros (ABPol)}, address = {S{\~a}o Carlos}, issn = {1980-5373}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2018-0502}, year = {2018}, abstract = {The Laves phase reinforced CoCrMoSi alloy system has emerged as a candidate material to protect the surface of components to withstand harsh environments under wear and/or corrosion. However, previous reports have raised some concerns and restricted a wider selection of iron-based substrates to be coated, especially limiting the carbon content. This work aims to outline the Laves - Carbides phases in the microstructure and its effect on the properties of T400 alloy deposited on GGG40 ductile iron. Dilution of 26 \% ensured Laves formation either as primary or secondary, due to high-silicon substrate selected. Departing from 41 \% dilution, the alloy changed to a completely carbide strengthened system. Therefore, for the lowest dilution the coatings hardness is dictated by Laves phase whereas, for higher ones, carbides are the most influent phases.}, language = {en} } @article{BacherlerMoszkowskiFacchi2013, author = {Bacherler, Christian and Moszkowski, Ben and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Supporting Test Code Generation with an Easy to Understand Business Rule Language}, volume = {6}, journal = {International Journal on Advances in Software}, number = {1 \& 2}, publisher = {IARIA}, address = {[s. l.]}, issn = {1942-2628}, url = {http://www.iariajournals.org/software/tocv6n12.html}, pages = {69 -- 79}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{JauernigUhlValentinov2021, author = {Jauernig, Johanna and Uhl, Matthias and Valentinov, Vladislav}, title = {The ethics of corporate hypocrisy: An experimental approach}, volume = {2021}, pages = {102757}, journal = {Futures}, number = {131}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {0016-3287}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102757}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In the current landscape of management and business ethics scholarship, a prominent type of dissimulation is exemplified by corporate hypocrisy. The concept of corporate hypocrisy brings traditional morality to bear on the institutions of the modern society and thereby emphasizes the contested relationship between the research programs of individual and institutional ethics. Assuming that morality in the modern society resides in institutions rather than individuals, institutional ethics emphasizes limits to the ability of traditional morality to come to terms with the moral complexity of the market economy. The case of corporate hypocrisy shows however that traditional morality nurtures individual sensitivity to immoral behaviors which may undermine the modern institutional fabric theorized by institutional ethics. This argument is supported by our central experimental finding that the moral evaluation of individual and corporate hypocrisy is driven by essentially the same psychological mechanisms. Moreover, the experiment showed that both corporate and individual hypocrisy are condemned stronger than frankly wrong behavior even if their consequences are identical.}, language = {en} } @article{BodenschatzUhlWalkowitz2021, author = {Bodenschatz, Anja and Uhl, Matthias and Walkowitz, Gari}, title = {Autonomous systems in ethical dilemmas}, volume = {2021}, pages = {100145}, journal = {Computers in human behavior reports}, subtitle = {attitudes toward randomization}, number = {4}, publisher = {Amsterdam}, address = {Elsevier}, issn = {2451-9588}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100145}, year = {2021}, abstract = {It is ethically debatable whether autonomous systems should be programmed to actively impose harm on some to avoid greater harm for others. Surveys on ethical dilemmas in self-driving cars' programming have shown that people favor imposing harm on some people to save others from suffering and are consequently willing to sacrifice smaller groups to save larger ones in unavoidable accident situations. This is, if people are forced to directly impose harm. Contrary to humans, autonomous systems feature a salient deontological alternative for immediate decisions: the ability to randomize decisions over dilemmatic outcomes. To be applicable in democracies, randomization must correspond to people's moral intuition. In three studies (N = 935), we present empirical evidence that many people prefer to randomize between dilemmatic outcomes due to moral considerations. We find these preferences in hypothetical and incentivized decision-making situations. We also find that preferences are robust in different contexts and persist across Germany, with its Kantian cultural tradition, and the US, with its utilitarian cultural tradition.}, language = {en} } @article{KugeleObergfellSax2021, author = {Kugele, Stefan and Obergfell, Philipp and Sax, Eric}, title = {Model-based resource analysis and synthesis of service-oriented automotive software architectures}, volume = {20}, journal = {Software and Systems Modeling}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1619-1374}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00896-9}, pages = {1945 -- 1975}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Context Automotive software architectures describe distributed functionality by an interaction of software components. One drawback of today's architectures is their strong integration into the onboard communication network based on predefined dependencies at design time. The idea is to reduce this rigid integration and technological dependencies. To this end, service-oriented architecture offers a suitable methodology since network communication is dynamically established at run-time. Aim We target to provide a methodology for analysing hardware resources and synthesising automotive service-oriented architectures based on platform-independent service models. Subsequently, we focus on transforming these models into a platform-specific architecture realisation process following AUTOSAR Adaptive. Approach For the platform-independent part, we apply the concepts of design space exploration and simulation to analyse and synthesise deployment configurations, i. e., mapping services to hardware resources at an early development stage. We refine these configurations to AUTOSAR Adaptive software architecture models representing the necessary input for a subsequent implementation process for the platform-specific part. Result We present deployment configurations that are optimal for the usage of a given set of computing resources currently under consideration for our next generation of E/E architecture. We also provide simulation results that demonstrate the ability of these configurations to meet the run time requirements. Both results helped us to decide whether a particular configuration can be implemented. As a possible software toolchain for this purpose, we finally provide a prototype. Conclusion The use of models and their analysis are proper means to get there, but the quality and speed of development must also be considered.}, language = {en} } @article{KotakKotakBradeetal.2021, author = {Kotak, Bhavya and Kotak, Yash and Brade, Katja and Kubjatko, Tibor and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Battery Crush Test Procedures in Standards and Regulation: Need for Augmentation and Harmonisation}, volume = {7}, pages = {63}, journal = {Batteries}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2313-0105}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7030063}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Battery safety is a prominent concern for the deployment of electric vehicles (EVs). The battery powering an EV contains highly energetic active materials and flammable organic electrolytes. Usually, an EV battery catches fire due to its thermal runaway, either immediately at the time of the accident or can take a while to gain enough heat to ignite the battery chemicals. There are numerous battery abuse testing standards and regulations available globally. Therefore, battery manufacturers are always in dilemma to choose the safest one. Henceforth, to find the optimal outcome of these two major issues, six standards (SAE J2464:2009, GB/T 31485-2015:2015, FreedomCAR:2006, ISO 12405-3:2014, IEC 62660-2:2010, and SAND2017-6295:2017) and two regulations (UN/ECE-R100.02:2013 and GTR 20:2018), that are followed by more than fifty countries in the world, are investigated in terms of their abuse battery testing conditions (crush test). This research proves that there is a need for (a) augmenting these standards and regulations as they do not consider real-life vehicle crash scenarios, and (b) one harmonised framework should be developed, which can be adopted worldwide. These outcomes will solve the battery manufacturers dilemma and will also increase the safety of EV consumers.}, language = {en} } @article{BugajeEhrenwirthTrinkletal.2021, author = {Bugaje, Aminu and Ehrenwirth, Mathias and Trinkl, Christoph and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried}, title = {Electric two-wheeler vehicle integration into rural off-grid photovoltaic system in Kenya}, volume = {14}, pages = {7956}, journal = {Energies}, number = {23}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14237956}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In both rural and urban areas, two-wheeler vehicles are the most common means of transportation, contributing to local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Transitioning to electric two-wheeler vehicles can help reduce GHG emissions while also increasing the socioeconomic status of people in rural Kenya. Renewable energy systems can play a significant role in charging electric two-wheeled vehicles, resulting in lower carbon emissions and increased renewable energy penetration in rural Kenya. As a result, using the Conventional and Renewable Energy Optimization (CARNOT) Toolbox in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, this paper focuses on integrating and modeling electric two-wheeled vehicles (e-bikes) into an off-grid photovoltaic Water-Energy Hub located in the Lake Victoria Region of Western Kenya. Electricity demand data obtained from the Water-Energy Hub was investigated and analyzed. Potential solar energy surplus was identified and the surplus was used to incorporate the electric two-wheeler vehicles. The energy consumption of the electric two-wheeler vehicles was also measured in the field based on the rider's driving behavior. The modeling results revealed an annual power consumption of 27,267 kWh, a photovoltaic (PV) electricity production of 37,785 kWh, and an electricity deficit of 370 kWh. The annual results show that PV generation exceeds power consumption, implying that there should be no electricity deficit. The results, however, do not represent the results in hourly resolution, ignoring the impact of weather fluctuation on PV production. As a result, in order to comprehend the electricity deficit, hourly resolution results are shown. A load optimization method was designed to efficiently integrate the electric 2-wheeler vehicle into the Water-Energy Hub in order to alleviate the electricity deficit. The yearly electricity deficit was decreased to 1 kWh and the annual electricity consumption was raised by 11\% (i.e., 30,767 kWh), which is enough to charge four more electric two-wheeler batteries daily using the load optimization technique.}, language = {en} } @article{RieglerRienerHolzmann2021, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {A systematic review of virtual reality applications for automated driving: 2009-2020}, volume = {3}, pages = {689856}, journal = {Frontiers in human dynamics}, publisher = {Frontiers Media}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {2673-2726}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fhumd.2021.689856}, year = {2021}, abstract = {While virtual reality (VR) interfaces have been researched extensively over the last decades, studies on their application in vehicles have only recently advanced. In this paper, we systematically review 12 years of VR research in the context of automated driving (AD), from 2009 to 2020. Due to the multitude of possibilities for studies with regard to VR technology, at present, the pool of findings is heterogeneous and non-transparent. We investigated N = 176 scientific papers of relevant journals and conferences with the goal to analyze the status quo of existing VR studies in AD, and to classify the related literature into application areas. We provide insights into the utilization of VR technology which is applicable at specific level of vehicle automation and for different users (drivers, passengers, pedestrians) and tasks. Results show that most studies focused on designing automotive experiences in VR, safety aspects, and vulnerable road users. Trust, simulator and motion sickness, and external human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) also marked a significant portion of the published papers, however a wide range of different parameters was investigated by researchers. Finally, we discuss a set of open challenges, and give recommendation for future research in automated driving at the VR side of the reality-virtuality continuum.}, language = {en} } @article{GrundherrJauernigUhl2021, author = {Grundherr, Michael von and Jauernig, Johanna and Uhl, Matthias}, title = {To condemn is not to punish}, volume = {12}, pages = {38}, journal = {Games}, subtitle = {an experiment on hypocrisy}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-4336}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/g12020038}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Hypocrisy is the act of claiming moral standards to which one's own behavior does not conform. Instances of hypocrisy, such as the supposedly green furnishing group IKEA's selling of furniture made from illegally felled wood, are frequently reported in the media. In a controlled and incentivized experiment, we investigate how observers rate different types of hypocritical behavior and if this judgment also translates into punishment. Results show that observers do, indeed, condemn hypocritical behavior strongly. The aversion to deceptive behavior is, in fact, so strong that even purely self-deceptive behavior is regarded as blameworthy. Observers who score high in the moral identity test have particularly strong reactions to acts of hypocrisy. The moral condemnation of hypocritical behavior, however, fails to produce a proportional amount of punishment. Punishment seems to be driven more by the violation of the norm of fair distribution than by moral pretense. From the viewpoint of positive retributivism, it is problematic if neither formal nor informal punishment follows moral condemnation.}, language = {en} } @article{BorgmannMeintrupReimeretal.2021, author = {Borgmann, Stefan and Meintrup, David and Reimer, Kerstin and Schels, Helmut and Nowak-Machen, Martina}, title = {Incidence and Death Rates from COVID-19 Are Not Always Coupled: An Analysis of Temporal Data on Local, Federal, and National Levels}, volume = {9}, pages = {338}, journal = {Healthcare}, number = {3}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2227-9032}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030338}, year = {2021}, abstract = {SARS-CoV-2 has caused a deadly pandemic worldwide, placing a burden on local health care systems and economies. Infection rates with SARS-CoV-2 and the related mortality of COVID-19 are not equal among countries or even neighboring regions. Based on data from official German health authorities since the beginning of the pandemic, we developed a case-fatality prediction model that correctly predicts COVID-19-related death rates based on local geographical developments of infection rates in Germany, Bavaria, and a local community district city within Upper Bavaria. Our data point towards the proposal that local individual infection thresholds, when reached, could lead to increasing mortality. Restrictive measures to minimize the spread of the virus could be applied locally based on the risk of reaching the individual threshold. Being able to predict the necessity for increasing hospitalization of COVID-19 patients could help local health care authorities to prepare for increasing patient numbers.}, language = {en} } @article{HandwerkerKesslerMarzbani2021, author = {Handwerker, Michael and Kessler, J{\"o}rg and Marzbani, Hormoz}, title = {Comparison of hydrogen powertrains with the battery powered electric vehicle and investigation of small-scale local hydrogen production using renewable energy}, volume = {2}, journal = {Hydrogen}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2673-4141}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen2010005}, pages = {76 -- 100}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Climate change is one of the major problems that people face in this century, with fossil fuel combustion engines being huge contributors. Currently, the battery powered electric vehicle is considered the predecessor, while hydrogen vehicles only have an insignificant market share. To evaluate if this is justified, different hydrogen power train technologies are analyzed and compared to the battery powered electric vehicle. Even though most research focuses on the hydrogen fuel cells, it is shown that, despite the lower efficiency, the often-neglected hydrogen combustion engine could be the right solution for transitioning away from fossil fuels. This is mainly due to the lower costs and possibility of the use of existing manufacturing infrastructure. To achieve a similar level of refueling comfort as with the battery powered electric vehicle, the economic and technological aspects of the local small-scale hydrogen production are being investigated. Due to the low efficiency and high prices for the required components, this domestically produced hydrogen cannot compete with hydrogen produced from fossil fuels on a larger scale.}, language = {en} } @article{MeintrupNowakMachenBorgmann2021, author = {Meintrup, David and Nowak-Machen, Martina and Borgmann, Stefan}, title = {Nine months of COVID-19 pandemic in Europe}, volume = {18}, pages = {6680}, journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health}, subtitle = {a comparative time series analysis of cases and fatalities in 35 countries}, number = {12}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1660-4601}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126680}, year = {2021}, abstract = {(1) Background: to describe the dynamic of the pandemic across 35 European countries over a period of 9 months. (2) Methods: a three-phase time series model was fitted for 35 European countries, predicting deaths based on SARS-CoV-2 incidences. Hierarchical clustering resulted in three clusters of countries. A multiple regression model was developed predicting thresholds for COVID-19 incidences, coupled to death numbers. (3) Results: The model showed strongly connected deaths and incidences during the waves in spring and fall. The corrected case-fatality rates ranged from 2\% to 20.7\% in the first wave, and from 0.5\% to 4.2\% in the second wave. If the incidences stay below a threshold, predicted by the regression model (R2=85.0\%), COVID-19 related deaths and incidences were not necessarily coupled. The clusters represented different regions in Europe, and the corrected case-fatality rates in each cluster flipped from high to low or vice versa. Severely and less severely affected countries flipped between the first and second wave. (4) Conclusions: COVID-19 incidences and related deaths were uncoupled during the summer but coupled during two waves. Once a country-specific threshold of infections is reached, death numbers will start to rise, allowing health care systems and countries to prepare.}, language = {en} } @article{MeintrupBorgmannSeidletal.2021, author = {Meintrup, David and Borgmann, Stefan and Seidl, Karlheinz and Stecher, Melanie and Jakob, Carolin E. M. and Pilgram, Lisa and Spinner, Christoph D. and Rieg, Siegbert and Isberner, Nora and Hower, Martin and Vehreschild, Maria and G{\"o}pel, Siri and Hanses, Frank and Nowak-Machen, Martina}, title = {Specific Risk Factors for Fatal Outcome in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients}, volume = {10}, pages = {3855}, journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine}, subtitle = {Results from a European Multicenter Study}, number = {17}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2077-0383}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10173855}, year = {2021}, abstract = {(1) Background: The aim of our study was to identify specific risk factors for fatal outcome in critically ill COVID-19 patients. (2) Methods: Our data set consisted of 840 patients enclosed in the LEOSS registry. Using lasso regression for variable selection, a multifactorial logistic regression model was fitted to the response variable survival. Specific risk factors and their odds ratios were derived. A nomogram was developed as a graphical representation of the model. (3) Results: 14 variables were identified as independent factors contributing to the risk of death for critically ill COVID-19 patients: age (OR 1.08, CI 1.06-1.10), cardiovascular disease (OR 1.64, CI 1.06-2.55), pulmonary disease (OR 1.87, CI 1.16-3.03), baseline Statin treatment (0.54, CI 0.33-0.87), oxygen saturation (unit = 1\%, OR 0.94, CI 0.92-0.96), leukocytes (unit 1000/μL, OR 1.04, CI 1.01-1.07), lymphocytes (unit 100/μL, OR 0.96, CI 0.94-0.99), platelets (unit 100,000/μL, OR 0.70, CI 0.62-0.80), procalcitonin (unit ng/mL, OR 1.11, CI 1.05-1.18), kidney failure (OR 1.68, CI 1.05-2.70), congestive heart failure (OR 2.62, CI 1.11-6.21), severe liver failure (OR 4.93, CI 1.94-12.52), and a quick SOFA score of 3 (OR 1.78, CI 1.14-2.78). The nomogram graphically displays the importance of these 14 factors for mortality. (4) Conclusions: There are risk factors that are specific to the subpopulation of critically ill COVID-19 patients.}, language = {en} } @article{KruegelUhlBalcombe2021, author = {Kr{\"u}gel, Sebastian and Uhl, Matthias and Balcombe, Bryn}, title = {Automated vehicles and the morality of post-collision behavior}, volume = {23}, journal = {Ethics and Information Technology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {1572-8439}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10676-021-09607-w}, pages = {691 -- 701}, year = {2021}, abstract = {We address the considerations of the European Commission Expert Group on the ethics of connected and automated vehicles regarding data provision in the event of collisions. While human drivers' appropriate post-collision behavior is clearly defined, regulations for automated driving do not provide for collision detection. We agree it is important to systematically incorporate citizens' intuitions into the discourse on the ethics of automated vehicles. Therefore, we investigate whether people expect automated vehicles to behave like humans after an accident, even if this behavior does not directly affect the consequences of the accident. We find that appropriate post-collision behavior substantially influences people's evaluation of the underlying crash scenario. Moreover, people clearly think that automated vehicles can and should record the accident, stop at the site, and call the police. They are even willing to pay for technological features that enable post-collision behavior. Our study might begin a research program on post-collision behavior, enriching the empirically informed study of automated driving ethics that so far exclusively focuses on pre-collision behavior.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmittGottwaltWinkleretal.2021, author = {Schmitt, Matthias and Gottwalt, Albin and Winkler, Jakob and Tobie, Thomas and Schlick, Georg and Stahl, Karsten and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Schlip, Johannes and Reinhart, Gunther}, title = {Carbon Particle In-Situ Alloying of the Case-Hardening Steel 16MnCr5 in Laser Powder Bed Fusion}, volume = {11}, pages = {11060896}, journal = {Metals}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2075-4701}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/met11060896}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The carbon content of steel affects many of its essential properties, e.g., hardness and mechanical strength. In the powder bed fusion process of metals using a laser beam (PBF-LB/M), usually, pre-alloyed metal powder is solidified layer-by-layer using a laser beam to create parts. A reduction of the carbon content in steels is observed during this process. This study examines adding carbon particles to the metal powder and in situ alloying in the PBF-LB/M process as a countermeasure. Suitable carbon particles are selected and their effect on the particle size distribution and homogeneity of the mixtures is analysed. The workability in PBF-LB is then shown. This is followed by an evaluation of the resulting mechanical properties (hardness and mechanical strength) and microstructure in the as-built state and the state after heat treatment. Furthermore, potential use cases like multi-material or functionally graded parts are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{SchartmuellerWeiglLoeckenetal.2021, author = {Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens and Weigl, Klemens and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Steinhauser, Marco and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Displays for Productive Non-Driving Related Tasks: Visual Behavior and Its Impact in Conditionally Automated Driving}, volume = {5}, pages = {21}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti5040021}, year = {2021}, abstract = {(1) Background: Primary driving tasks are increasingly being handled by vehicle automation so that support for non-driving related tasks (NDRTs) is becoming more and more important. In SAE L3 automation, vehicles can require the driver-passenger to take over driving controls, though. Interfaces for NDRTs must therefore guarantee safe operation and should also support productive work. (2) Method: We conducted a within-subjects driving simulator study (N=53) comparing Heads-Up Displays (HUDs) and Auditory Speech Displays (ASDs) for productive NDRT engagement. In this article, we assess the NDRT displays' effectiveness by evaluating eye-tracking measures and setting them into relation to workload measures, self-ratings, and NDRT/take-over performance. (3) Results: Our data highlights substantially higher gaze dispersion but more extensive glances on the road center in the auditory condition than the HUD condition during automated driving. We further observed potentially safety-critical glance deviations from the road during take-overs after a HUD was used. These differences are reflected in self-ratings, workload indicators and take-over reaction times, but not in driving performance. (4) Conclusion: NDRT interfaces can influence visual attention even beyond their usage during automated driving. In particular, the HUD has resulted in safety-critical glances during manual driving after take-overs. We found this impacted workload and productivity but not driving performance}, language = {en} } @article{VannahmeEhrenwirthSchrag2021, author = {Vannahme, Anna and Ehrenwirth, Mathias and Schrag, Tobias}, title = {Enhancement of a district heating substation as part of a low-investment optimization strategy for district heating systems}, volume = {10}, pages = {53}, journal = {Resources}, number = {5}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2079-9276}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/resources10050053}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In an ongoing project, low-investment measures for the optimization of district heating systems are analyzed. The optimization strategies are collected in a catalog, which is the core of a guideline. The application of this guideline is demonstrated using two concrete district heating networks as examples. In this study, the improvement of an analog controlled district heating substation by an electronic controller is investigated. High supply temperatures and heat losses are often a challenge in district heating networks. The district heating substations have a major influence on the network return temperatures. The comparison of the two substation setups with analog and electronic controllers is carried out by laboratory measurement. It can be shown that the return temperatures can be reduced by an average of 20 K in winter and transition, as well as 16 K in summer. The district heating network losses are calculated for one of both specific district heating networks. They are calculated from the ratio of network losses to generated energy. The generated energy is the sum of network losses and consumer demand. The thermal losses of the network can be reduced by 3\%. The volume flow in the heating network can be reduced to a quarter. Therefore, the pumping energy requirement drops sharply since these changes cubically affect the volume flow}, language = {en} } @article{MarzahlAubrevilleBertrametal.2021, author = {Marzahl, Christian and Aubreville, Marc and Bertram, Christof and Maier, Jennifer and Bergler, Christian and Kr{\"o}ger, Christine and Voigt, J{\"o}rn and Breininger, Katharina and Klopfleisch, Robert and Maier, Andreas}, title = {EXACT: a collaboration toolset for algorithm-aided annotation of images with annotation version control}, volume = {11}, pages = {4343}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83827-4}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In many research areas, scientific progress is accelerated by multidisciplinary access to image data and their interdisciplinary annotation. However, keeping track of these annotations to ensure a high-quality multi-purpose data set is a challenging and labour intensive task. We developed the open-source online platform EXACT (EXpert Algorithm Collaboration Tool) that enables the collaborative interdisciplinary analysis of images from different domains online and offline. EXACT supports multi-gigapixel medical whole slide images as well as image series with thousands of images. The software utilises a flexible plugin system that can be adapted to diverse applications such as counting mitotic figures with a screening mode, finding false annotations on a novel validation view, or using the latest deep learning image analysis technologies. This is combined with a version control system which makes it possible to keep track of changes in the data sets and, for example, to link the results of deep learning experiments to specific data set versions. EXACT is freely available and has already been successfully applied to a broad range of annotation tasks, including highly diverse applications like deep learning supported cytology scoring, interdisciplinary multi-centre whole slide image tumour annotation, and highly specialised whale sound spectroscopy clustering.}, language = {en} } @article{SanchezMoralesDauthHuberetal.2021, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Dauth, Julian and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s and Botsch, Michael}, title = {High precision outdoor and indoor reference state estimation for testing autonomous vehicles}, volume = {21}, pages = {1131}, journal = {Sensors}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1424-8220}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/s21041131}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A current trend in automotive research is autonomous driving. For the proper testing and validation of automated driving functions a reference vehicle state is required. Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are useful in the automation of the vehicles because of their practicality and accuracy. However, there are situations where the satellite signal is absent or unusable. This research work presents a methodology that addresses those situations, thus largely reducing the dependency of Inertial Navigation Systems (INSs) on the SatNav. The proposed methodology includes (1) a standstill recognition based on machine learning, (2) a detailed mathematical description of the horizontation of inertial measurements, (3) sensor fusion by means of statistical filtering, (4) an outlier detection for correction data, (5) a drift detector, and (6) a novel LiDAR-based Positioning Method (LbPM) for indoor navigation. The robustness and accuracy of the methodology are validated with a state-of-the-art INS with Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) correction data. The results obtained show a great improvement in the accuracy of vehicle state estimation under adverse driving conditions, such as when the correction data is corrupted, when there are extended periods with no correction data and in the case of drifting. The proposed LbPM method achieves an accuracy closely resembling that of a system with RTK.}, language = {en} } @article{SievertStelzleAubrevilleetal.2021, author = {Sievert, Matti and Stelzle, Florian and Aubreville, Marc and M{\"u}ller, Sarina K. and Eckstein, Markus and Oetter, Nicolai and Maier, Andreas and Mantsopoulos, Konstantinos and Iro, Heinrich and Goncalves, Miguel}, title = {Intraoperative free margins assessment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with confocal laser endomicroscopy: a pilot study}, volume = {278}, journal = {European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head \& Neck}, number = {11}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, issn = {1434-4726}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-06659-y}, pages = {4433 -- 4439}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Purpose This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of intraoperative assessment of safe margins with confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) during oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) surgery. Methods We included five consecutive patients confirmed OPSCC and planned tumor resection in September and October 2020. Healthy appearing mucosa in the marginal zone, and the tumor margin, were examined with CLE and biopsy during tumor resection. A total of 12,809 CLE frames were correlated with the gold standard of hematoxylin and eosin staining. Three head and neck surgeons and one pathologist were asked to identify carcinoma in a sample of 169 representative images, blinded to the histological results. Results Healthy mucosa showed epithelium with uniform size and shape with distinct cytoplasmic membranes and regular vessel architecture. CLE optical biopsy of OPSCC demonstrated a disorganized arrangement of variable cellular morphology. We calculated an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 86\%, 90\%, 79\%, 88\%, and 82\%, respectively, with inter-rater reliability and κ-value of 0.60. Conclusion CLE can be easily integrated into the intraoperative setting, generate real-time, in-vivo microscopic images of the oropharynx for evaluation and demarcation of cancer. It can eventually contribute to a less radical approach by enabling a more precise evaluation of the cancer margin.}, language = {en} } @article{MehtaEhrenwirthTrinkletal.2021, author = {Mehta, Kedar and Ehrenwirth, Mathias and Trinkl, Christoph and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried and Greenough, Richard}, title = {The energy situation in Central Asia}, volume = {14}, pages = {2805}, journal = {Energies}, subtitle = {a comprehensive energy review focusing on rural areas}, number = {10}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14102805}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The northern part of the globe is dominated by industrialisation and is well-developed. For many years, the southern part of the world (South Asia, Africa etc.) has been a target of research concentrating on access to energy (mainly electricity) in rural regions. However, the Central Asian region has not been a focus of energy research compared to South East Asia and Africa. Despite plentiful domestically available energy resources, the energy supply in Central Asia is very unevenly distributed between urban and rural areas. Almost half of the total population of Central Asia lives in rural areas and there is a lack of access to modern energy services to meet primary needs. To analyse the energy situation (i.e., electricity, heating, hot water consumption, cooking, etc.) in rural Central Asia, this paper reviews residential energy consumption trends in rural Central Asian regions as compared to urban areas. Furthermore, the paper illustrates the potential of renewable energies in Central Asia. To perform the study, a qualitative comparative analysis was conducted based on a literature review, data, and statistical information. In summary, the presented article discusses the rural energy situation analytically and provides in-depth insights of Central Asian energy infrastructure.}, language = {en} } @article{MehtaEhrenwirthMissalletal.2021, author = {Mehta, Kedar and Ehrenwirth, Mathias and Missall, Siegmund and Degembaeva, Nadira and Akmatov, Kuban and Z{\"o}rner, Wilfried}, title = {Energy Profiling of a High-Altitude Kyrgyz Community: Challenges and Motivations to Preserve Floodplain Ecosystems Based on Household Survey}, volume = {13}, pages = {13086}, journal = {Sustainability}, number = {23}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2071-1050}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313086}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The floodplain areas along the Naryn River in Kyrgyzstan are essential as they hold the riparian (local) ecosystems because they provide firewood, pastureland, and areas for recreation and protection against erosion. Due to limited access to adequate, reliable, and sustainable energy services, the rural population usually derived their energy needs from multiple natural energy resources (i.e., firewood, charcoal, agricultural residues, animal dung, and wood branches). This is considered a common and predominant practice in rural Kyrgyzstan. This situation leads to a negative impact on local ecosystem services. In addition to that, the reliance on solid fuels contributes to indoor and outdoor air pollution, which is partially threatening the local ecosystem services. By contrast, the employment of renewable-based energy supply systems would substantially reduce the burden on the environment, which is mainly untapped. To integrate renewable energies, it is important to understand the energy behavior of floodplain communities. In that response, the presented article is the first attempt to capture the energy identity of the floodplain community of Kyrgyzstan based on a quantitative energy-based (on-site) household survey. Furthermore, the present research article synthesizes the driving factors that have a (direct or indirect) impact on the energy and local ecosystem services. In addition, the present article proposes a brief pathway for the sustainable energy transition. The article records the recommendation to integrate renewable energies to preserve the local ecosystems of Kyrgyzstan.}, language = {en} } @article{ObermaierRieblAlBayattietal.2021, author = {Obermaier, Christina and Riebl, Raphael and Al-Bayatti, Ali H. and Khan, Sarmadullah and Facchi, Christian}, title = {Measuring the Realtime Capability of Parallel-Discrete-Event-Simulations}, volume = {10}, pages = {636}, journal = {Electronics}, number = {6}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2079-9292}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060636}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Speeding up Discrete Event Simulations (DESs) is a broad research field. Promising Parallel Discrete Event Simulation (PDES) approaches with optimistic and conservative synchronisation schemes have emerged throughout the years. However, in the area of real-time simulation, PDESs are rarely considered. This is caused by the complex problem of fitting parallel executed DES models to a real-time clock. Hence, this paper gives an extensive review of existing conservative and optimistic synchronisation schemes for PDESs. It introduces a metric to compare their real-time capabilities to determine whether they can be used for soft or firm real-time simulation. Examples are given on how to apply this metric to evaluate PDESs using synthetic and real-world examples. The results of the investigation reveal that no final answer can be given if PDESs can be used for soft or firm real-time simulation as they are. However, boundary conditions were defined, which allow a use-case specific evaluation of the real-time capabilities of a certain parallel executed DES. Using this in-depth knowledge and can lead to predictability of the real-time behaviour of a simulation run.}, language = {en} } @article{TrappMeyerFacchietal.2011, author = {Trapp, Peter and Meyer, Markus and Facchi, Christian and Janicke, Helge and Siewe, Fran{\c{c}}ois}, title = {Building CPU Stubs to Optimize CPU Bound Systems: An Application of Dynamic Performance Stubs}, volume = {4}, journal = {International Journal on Advances in Software}, number = {1\&2}, publisher = {IARIA}, address = {[s. l.]}, issn = {1942-2628}, url = {https://www.iariajournals.org/software/tocv4n12.html}, pages = {189 -- 206}, year = {2011}, language = {en} } @article{Schneider2007, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {"Der Schatz, den es zu heben gilt"}, volume = {2007}, journal = {ekz-Report}, subtitle = {ekz-F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}ftesaminar: "Betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerung in Bibliotheken mit Hilfe der Kosten- und Leistungsrechnung"}, number = {1}, publisher = {ekz}, address = {Reutlingen}, issn = {1867-3406}, pages = {23}, year = {2007}, language = {de} } @article{DonhauserEndterSchmidtetal.2020, author = {Donhauser, Toni and Endter, Udo and Schmidt, Torben and Franke, J{\"o}rg and Baier, Lukas and Schuderer, Peter}, title = {Echtzeitabbild der Produktion}, volume = {110}, journal = {wt Werkstattstechnik online}, subtitle = {Betriebsbegleitende Materialflusssimulation}, number = {4}, publisher = {VDI Fachmedien}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {1436-4980}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2020-04}, pages = {214 -- 219}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{SelmaierDonhauserLechleretal.2019, author = {Selmaier, Andreas and Donhauser, Toni and Lechler, Tobias and Zeitler, Jochen and Franke, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Simulationsgest{\"u}tzte Produktionsplanung flexibler Fertigungssysteme}, volume = {109}, journal = {wt Werkstattstechnik online}, subtitle = {Konzeptionierung einer Materialflusssimulation mittels Echtzeitdaten f{\"u}r die flexible Serienfertigung}, number = {4}, publisher = {VDI Fachmedien}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {1436-4980}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2019-04}, pages = {242 -- 249}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{DonhauserBaierEbersbachetal.2018, author = {Donhauser, Toni and Baier, Lukas and Ebersbach, Tobias and Franke, J{\"o}rg and Schuderer, Peter}, title = {Simulationsbasierte Optimierung von Fabrikabl{\"a}ufen}, volume = {108}, journal = {wt Werkstattstechnik online}, subtitle = {Implementierung und Test eines Algorithmus zur ereignisbasierten Regelung der Materialfl{\"u}sse}, number = {4}, publisher = {VDI Fachmedien}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, issn = {1436-4980}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2018-04-27}, pages = {221 -- 227}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @article{ErikssonThomassonEkbergetal.2018, author = {Eriksson, Lars and Thomasson, Andreas and Ekberg, Kristoffer and Reig, Alberto and Eifert, Mark and Donatantonio, Fabrizio and D'Amato, Antonio and Arsie, Ivan and Pianese, Cesare and Otta, Pavel and Held, Manne and V{\"o}gele, Ulrich and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Look-ahead controls of heavy duty trucks on open roads — six benchmark solutions}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Control Engineering Practice}, number = {83}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-6939}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2018.10.014}, pages = {45 -- 66}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderVoegeleEndisch2019, author = {Schneider, Dominik and V{\"o}gele, Ulrich and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Model-based sensor data fusion of quasi-redundant voltage and current measurements in a lithium-ion battery module}, volume = {2019}, pages = {227156}, journal = {Journal of Power Sources}, number = {440}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {1873-2755}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227156}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{LiebhartKomsiyskaEndisch2019, author = {Liebhart, Bernhard and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Passive impedance spectroscopy for monitoring lithium-ion battery cells during vehicle operation}, volume = {2020}, pages = {227297}, journal = {Journal of Power Sources}, number = {449}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {1873-2755}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227297}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{LewerenzRaheFuchsetal.2020, author = {Lewerenz, Meinert and Rahe, Christiane and Fuchs, Georg and Endisch, Christian and Sauer, Dirk Uwe}, title = {Evaluation of shallow cycling on two types of uncompressed automotive Li(Ni1/3Mn1/3Co1/3)O2-Graphite pouch cells}, volume = {2020}, pages = {101529}, journal = {Journal of Energy Storage}, number = {30}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1538}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101529}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidVoegeleEndisch2020, author = {Schmid, Michael and V{\"o}gele, Ulrich and Endisch, Christian}, title = {A novel matrix-vector-based framework for modeling and simulation of electric vehicle battery packs}, volume = {2020}, pages = {101736}, journal = {Journal of Energy Storage}, number = {32}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1538}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101736}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{LiebhartSatzkeKomsiyskaetal.2020, author = {Liebhart, Bernhard and Satzke, Martin and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Application of nonlinear impedance spectroscopy for the diagnosis of lithium-ion battery cells under various operating conditions}, volume = {2020}, pages = {228673}, journal = {Journal of Power Sources}, number = {480}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {New York}, issn = {1873-2755}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228673}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2021, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {The Five Dimensions of Digital Technology Assessment with the Focus on Robotic Process Automation (RPA)}, volume = {15}, journal = {Tehnički glasnik}, number = {2}, publisher = {University North}, address = {Koprivnica}, issn = {1848-5588}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.31803/tg-20210429105337}, pages = {267 -- 274}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In Technology Management, the assessment of new digital technologies is a challenging process. Most assessments are focusing on cost \& benefit. These approaches often fail because main points are neglected. In this paper, the holistic approach of "The Five Dimensions of Digital Technology Assessment" will be described with the example of RPA (Robotic Process Automation). RPA is one of the most promising technologies to save data processing efforts in the office. The Five Dimensions of RPA Assessment is performed by assessing the benefits, technology readiness, usability, company readiness, and the costs that burden the company in the RPA implementation.}, language = {en} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2021, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {Entwicklung eines Bewertungsinstruments f{\"u}r neue digitale Technologien in KMU}, volume = {116}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Teil 2: Am Beispiel der K{\"u}nstlichen Intelligenz}, number = {5}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2021-0041}, pages = {363 -- 367}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2021, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {Herausforderungen bei der Einf{\"u}hrung neuer digitaler Technologien bei KMU Teil 1: Am Beispiel der K{\"u}nstlichen Intelligenz}, volume = {116}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, number = {4}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2021-0040}, pages = {269 -- 271}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2020, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {Industry 4.0 Readiness Assessment: Comparison of Tools and Introduction of New Tool for SME}, volume = {14}, journal = {Tehnički glasnik}, number = {2}, publisher = {University North}, address = {Koprivnica}, issn = {1848-5588}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.31803/tg-20200523195016}, pages = {212 -- 217}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2020, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {Der Industrie-4.0-Leitfaden f{\"u}r kleine und mittlere Unternehmen}, volume = {115}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Die dritte Richtlinie: Intelligente Logistik und Hardware}, number = {4}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112259}, pages = {262 -- 265}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2020, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {Der Industrie-4.0-Leitfaden f{\"u}r kleine und mittlere Unternehmen}, volume = {115}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Die zweite Richtlinie: Software}, number = {3}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112249}, pages = {178 -- 181}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{AxmannHarmoko2020, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Harmoko, Harmoko}, title = {Der Industrie-4.0-Leitfaden f{\"u}r kleine und mittlere Unternehmen}, volume = {115}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Die erste Richtlinie: Daten}, number = {1-2}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112229}, pages = {94 -- 97}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{AxmannHambergerLiegl2019, author = {Axmann, Bernhard and Hamberger, Werner and Liegl, Thomas}, title = {Digitalisierung der Fabrik - Datenqualit{\"a}t als Schl{\"u}ssel zum Erfolg}, volume = {114}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Welchen Wert haben Daten?}, number = {5}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112083}, pages = {302 -- 305}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @article{BaierSpindlerWackeretal.2018, author = {Baier, Lukas and Spindler, Simon and Wacker, Manuel and Schuderer, Peter and Franke, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Defining Batches under Consideration of Quality-Related Factors for Improved Failure and Scrap Analysis}, volume = {882}, journal = {Applied Mechanics and Materials}, publisher = {Trans Tech Publications}, address = {Baech}, issn = {1662-7482}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.882.17}, pages = {17 -- 23}, year = {2018}, language = {en} } @inbook{Stummeyer2020, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {{\"O}konomische Analyse des Amazon Marketplace-Gesch{\"a}fts}, booktitle = {Amazon f{\"u}r Entscheider : Strategieentwicklung, Implementierung und Fallstudien f{\"u}r Hersteller und H{\"a}ndler}, editor = {Stummeyer, Christian and K{\"o}ber, Benno}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-27427-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27427-6_3}, pages = {51 -- 62}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @inbook{BaderStummeyer2019, author = {Bader, Martin and Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {The Role of Innovation and IP in AI-Based Business Models}, booktitle = {Digital Entrepreneurship: Interfaces Between Digital Technologies and Entrepreneurship}, editor = {Baierl, Ronny and Behrens, Judith and Brem, Alexander}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-20138-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20138-8_2}, pages = {23 -- 56}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inbook{Stummeyer2018, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Case Study: Digital Consulting for Dental Practices by Benchmarking}, booktitle = {Advances in Consulting Research: Recent Findings and Practical Cases}, editor = {Nissen, Volker}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-95999-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95999-3_18}, pages = {371 -- 383}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @inbook{Stummeyer2020, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Amazons Masterplan}, booktitle = {Amazon f{\"u}r Entscheider : Strategieentwicklung, Implementierung und Fallstudien f{\"u}r Hersteller und H{\"a}ndler}, editor = {Stummeyer, Christian and K{\"o}ber, Benno}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-27427-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-27427-6_1}, pages = {3 -- 31}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @inbook{Stummeyer2018, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Ausgew{\"a}hlte Aspekte bei der Gestaltung von Digital Services}, booktitle = {Digitalisierung in Industrie-, Handels- und Dienstleistungsunternehmen: Konzepte - L{\"o}sungen - Beispiele}, editor = {Fend, Lars and Hofmann, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-21905-5}, pages = {53 -- 65}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @inbook{Stummeyer2019, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Digitalisierung im M{\"o}belhandel}, booktitle = {Digitalisierung in Industrie-, Handels- und Dienstleistungsunternehmen: Konzepte - L{\"o}sungen - Beispiele}, editor = {Fend, Lars and Hofmann, J{\"u}rgen}, edition = {2., aktualisierte und {\"u}berarbeitete Auflage}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-26964-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26964-7_16}, pages = {305 -- 320}, year = {2019}, language = {de} } @inbook{Stummeyer2018, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Digitalisierung im M{\"o}belhandel}, booktitle = {Digitalisierung in Industrie-, Handels- und Dienstleistungsunternehmen: Konzepte - L{\"o}sungen - Beispiele}, editor = {Fend, Lars and Hofmann, J{\"u}rgen}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-21905-5}, pages = {269 -- 284}, year = {2018}, language = {de} } @inbook{Stummeyer2020, author = {Stummeyer, Christian}, title = {Ausgew{\"a}hlte Aspekte bei der Gestaltung von Digital Services}, booktitle = {Digitalisierung in Industrie-, Handels- und Dienstleistungsunternehmen: Konzepte - L{\"o}sungen - Beispiele}, editor = {Fend, Lars and Hofmann, J{\"u}rgen}, edition = {2., aktualisierte und {\"u}berarbeitete Auflage}, publisher = {Springer Gabler}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-26964-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26964-7_3}, pages = {63 -- 75}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @article{GeisbauerWoehrlMittmannetal.2020, author = {Geisbauer, Christian and W{\"o}hrl, Katharina and Mittmann, Christoph and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Review of Safety Aspects of Calendar Aged Lithium Ion Batteries}, volume = {167}, pages = {090523}, journal = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society}, number = {9}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1945-7111}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab89bf}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Nowadays, lithium ion batteries have found their place in a various field of portable applications. With the upcoming of electrically propelled vehicles, it is mandatory to guarantee a safe and predictable behavior during the whole lifetime and not only after manufacturing during performance tests. To gain a general overview of the abuse behavior, research on the topic of abusive tests on calendar-aged cells is being investigated, split up depending on the electrode composition and lined up against each other. It can be shown, that almost all abuse experiments have been performed with external heating tests in the past, still leaving research gaps that need to be filled.}, language = {en} } @article{LauschTaklaSchweiger2020, author = {Lausch, Jonas and Takla, Monir and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Crush testing approach for flat-plate fibrous materials}, volume = {2020}, pages = {108333}, journal = {Composites Part B: Engineering}, number = {200}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1879-1069}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2020.108333}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{KostetzerNeblStichetal.2020, author = {Kostetzer, Lucas and Nebl, Christoph and Stich, Michael and Bund, Andreas and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Physics-Based Modeling and Parameter Identification for Lithium Ion Batteries Under High Current Discharge Conditions}, volume = {167}, pages = {140549}, journal = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society}, number = {14}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1945-7111}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/abc726}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{AhlbergTidbladEdstroemHernandezetal.2021, author = {Ahlberg Tidblad, Annika and Edstr{\"o}m, Kristina and Hern{\´a}ndez, Guiomar and de Meatza, Iratxe and Landa-Medrano, Imanol and Jacas Biendicho, Jordi and Trilla, Llu{\´i}s and Buysse, Maarten and Ierides, Marcos and Perez Horno, Beatriz and Kotak, Yash and Schweiger, Hans-Georg and Koch, Daniel and Kotak, Bhavya}, title = {Future Material Developments for Electric Vehicle Battery Cells Answering Growing Demands from an End-User Perspective}, volume = {14}, pages = {4223}, journal = {Energies}, number = {14}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14144223}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Nowadays, batteries for electric vehicles are expected to have a high energy density, allow fast charging and maintain long cycle life, while providing affordable traction, and complying with stringent safety and environmental standards. Extensive research on novel materials at cell level is hence needed for the continuous improvement of the batteries coupled towards achieving these requirements. This article firstly delves into future developments in electric vehicles from a technology perspective, and the perspective of changing end-user demands. After these end-user needs are defined, their translation into future battery requirements is described. A detailed review of expected material developments follows, to address these dynamic and changing needs. Developments on anodes, cathodes, electrolyte and cell level will be discussed. Finally, a special section will discuss the safety aspects with these increasing end-user demands and how to overcome these issues.}, language = {en} } @article{KomsiyskaBuchbergerDiehletal.2021, author = {Komsiyska, Lidiya and Buchberger, Tobias and Diehl, Simon and Ehrensberger, Moritz and Hanzl, Christian and Hartmann, Christoph and H{\"o}lzle, Markus and Kleiner, Jan and Lewerenz, Meinert and Liebhart, Bernhard and Schmid, Michael and Schneider, Dominik and Speer, Sascha and St{\"o}ttner, Julia and Terbrack, Christoph and Hinterberger, Michael and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Critical review of intelligent battery systems}, volume = {14}, pages = {5989}, journal = {Energies}, subtitle = {challenges, implementation, and potential for electric vehicles}, number = {18}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185989}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This review provides an overview of new strategies to address the current challenges of automotive battery systems: Intelligent Battery Systems. They have the potential to make battery systems more performant and future-proof for coming generations of electric vehicles. The essential features of Intelligent Battery Systems are the accurate and robust determination of cell individual states and the ability to control the current of each cell by reconfiguration. They enable high-level functions like fault diagnostics, multi-objective balancing strategies, multilevel inverters, and hybrid energy storage systems. State of the art and recent advances in these topics are compiled and critically discussed in this article. A comprising, critical discussion of the implementation aspects of Intelligent Battery Systems complements the review. We touch on sensing, battery topologies and management, switching elements, communication architecture, and impact on the single-cell. This review contributes to transferring the best technologies from research to product development.}, language = {en} } @article{WoehrlGeisbauerNebletal.2021, author = {W{\"o}hrl, Katharina and Geisbauer, Christian and Nebl, Christoph and Lott, Susanne and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Crashed Electric Vehicle Handling and Recommendations - State of the Art in Germany}, volume = {14}, pages = {1040}, journal = {Energies}, number = {4}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14041040}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In the near future, electric powered vehicles will represent a major part of the road traffic. Accordingly, there will be a natural increase of accidents involving electric vehicles. There are not many cases of such accidents yet and therefore the experience and correct handling are still partially open points for the involved parties, such as the rescue services for example. The aim of this work is to provide a complete overview of the accident handling sequence in Germany, starting with the damaged vehicle on site and moving on to the risks and challenges for the stakeholders, such as transport and recycling companies. Arising from the developed overview, a handling recommendation for yet undiscussed points is given. Especially, different extinguishing and deactivation methods are compared and discussed. Due to a lack of a common live-feed from battery data on site, other criteria have to be taken into account to assess the state of the battery. The wrecked vehicle—including the high voltage system—needs to be in a definite safe state at the handover to a towing service. Depending on the case, different options for securing the vehicle will be considered in this work.}, language = {en} } @article{KotakMarchanteFernandezCanalsCasalsetal.2021, author = {Kotak, Yash and Marchante Fern{\´a}ndez, Carlos and Canals Casals, Lluc and Kotak, Bhavya and Koch, Daniel and Geisbauer, Christian and Trilla, Llu{\´i}s and G{\´o}mez-Nu{\~n}ez, Alberto and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {End of Electric Vehicle Batteries}, volume = {14}, pages = {2217}, journal = {Energies}, subtitle = {Reuse vs. Recycle}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14082217}, year = {2021}, abstract = {It is a fact that electric vehicles (EVs) are beneficial for climate protection. However, the current challenge is to decide on whether to reuse an EV battery or to recycle it after its first use. This paper theoretically investigates these areas i.e., recycle and reuse. It was found that there are several commercially used recycling processes and also some are under research to regain maximum possible materials and quantity. The concept of reusing (second life) of the battery is promising because, at the end of the first life, batteries from EVs can be used in several applications such as storing energy generated from renewable sources to support the government grid. However, the cost and life-cycle analysis (LCA) demonstrated that there are several aspects involved in battery reuse applications. Henceforth, one LCA generalised method cannot provide an optimal approach for all cases. It is important to have a detailed study on each of the battery reusing applications. Until then, it is safe to say that reusing the battery is a good option as it would give some time to recycling companies to develop cost and energy-efficient methods.}, language = {en} } @article{LauschTaklaSchweiger2021, author = {Lausch, Jonas and Takla, Monir and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Crush characteristics of flat-plate discontinuous carbon composites}, volume = {147}, pages = {106431}, journal = {Composites Part A: Applied science and manufacturing}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-835X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106431}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{GeisbauerWoehrlKochetal.2021, author = {Geisbauer, Christian and W{\"o}hrl, Katharina and Koch, Daniel and Wilhelm, Gudrun and Schneider, Gerhard and Schweiger, Hans-Georg}, title = {Comparative Study on the Calendar Aging Behavior of Six Different Lithium-Ion Cell Chemistries in Terms of Parameter Variation}, volume = {14}, pages = {3358}, journal = {Energies}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {1996-1073}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/en14113358}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The degradation of lithium-ion cells is an important aspect, not only for quality management, but also for the customer of the application like, e.g., scooters or electric vehicles. During the lifetime of the system, the overall health on the battery plays a key role in its depreciation. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the health of the battery during operation, i.e., cycle life, but also during stationary conditions, i.e., calendar aging. In this work, the degradation due to calendar aging is analyzed for six different cell chemistries in terms of capacity degradation and impedance increase and their performance are being compared. In a new proposed metric, the relative deviations between various cells with the exact identical aging history are being analyzed for their degradation effects and their differences, which stands out in comparison to similar research. The capacity loss was found to be most drastic at 60 °C and at higher storage voltages, even for titanate-oxide cells. LiNiMnCoO2 (NMC), LiNiCoAlO2 (NCA) and Li2TiO3 (LTO) cells at 60 °C showed the most drastic capacity decrease. NMC and NCA cells at 60 °C and highest storage voltage did not show any open circuit voltage, as their current interrupt mechanism triggered. The effect of aging shows no uniform impact on the changes in the capacity variance when comparing different aging conditions, with respect to the evaluated standard deviation for all cells. The focus of this work was on the calendar aging effect and may be supplemented in a second study for cyclic aging.}, language = {en} } @article{RieglerWintersbergerRieneretal.2019, author = {Riegler, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas and Holzmann, Clemens}, title = {Augmented Reality Windshield Displays and Their Potential to Enhance User Experience in Automated Driving}, volume = {18}, journal = {i-com: Journal of Interactive Media}, number = {2}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2196-6826}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/icom-2018-0033}, pages = {127 -- 149}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{FrisonWintersbergerRiener2019, author = {Frison, Anna-Katharina and Wintersberger, Philipp and Riener, Andreas}, title = {Resurrecting the ghost in the shell: a need-centered development approach for optimizing user experience in highly automated vehicles}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour}, number = {65}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-5517}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2019.08.001}, pages = {439 -- 456}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{HasirliogluRiener2019, author = {Hasirlioglu, Sinan and Riener, Andreas}, title = {A General Approach for Simulating Rain Effects on Sensor Data in Real and Virtual Environments}, volume = {5}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles}, number = {3}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {2379-8904}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TIV.2019.2960944}, pages = {426 -- 438}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{KundingerYalavarthiRieneretal.2020, author = {Kundinger, Thomas and Yalavarthi, Phani Krishna and Riener, Andreas and Wintersberger, Philipp and Schartm{\"u}ller, Clemens}, title = {Feasibility of smart wearables for driver drowsiness detection and its potential among different age groups}, volume = {16}, journal = {International Journal of Pervasive Computing and Communications}, number = {1}, publisher = {Emerald}, address = {Bingley}, issn = {1742-7371}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPCC-03-2019-0017}, pages = {1 -- 23}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{SchneiderKempf1999, author = {Schneider, Doris and Kempf, Klaus}, title = {Der Aufbau der neuen bayerischen Fachhochschulbibliotheken - eine Erfolgsgeschichte}, volume = {27}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {1}, publisher = {K.G. Saur}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, pages = {50 -- 73}, year = {1999}, language = {de} } @article{SchneiderKempf2000, author = {Schneider, Doris and Kempf, Klaus}, title = {Outsourcing in der Monographienerwerbung - neue Wege in kleinen Bibliotheken}, volume = {28}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, subtitle = {ein Pilotprojekt der Fachhochschulbibliothek Ingolstadt}, number = {1}, publisher = {K. G. Saur}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, pages = {93 -- 110}, year = {2000}, abstract = {Ein Pilotprojekt der Fachhochschulbibliothek Ingolstadt}, language = {de} } @article{SchneiderGreubelHaeneletal.2001, author = {Schneider, Doris and Greubel, Roland and H{\"a}nel, Matthias and H{\"o}ld, G{\"u}nter and Kilchert, Gunthild and St{\"o}cker, Verena and Wasner, Werner}, title = {Fit f{\"u}r die Informationsgesellschaft}, volume = {29}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, subtitle = {Entwicklungsplan der bayerischen Fachhochschulbibliotheken 2001 - 2005}, number = {3}, publisher = {K. G. Saur}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {http://www.bib-bvb.de/web/bhb/veroeffentlichungen_2001-}, pages = {174 -- 239}, year = {2001}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2002, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Die Fachhochschulbibliothek Ingolstadt - eine Traumbibliothek?}, volume = {30}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {3}, publisher = {K.G. Saur}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bib-bvb.de/web/bhb/veroeffentlichungen_2001-}, pages = {186 -- 198}, year = {2002}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2005, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Fit f{\"u}r die Wissensgesellschaft}, volume = {57}, journal = {BuB: Forum Bibliothek und Information}, subtitle = {Die Teaching Library als eine Antwort auf Pisa und SteFi: Konzepte und Erfahrungen am Beispiel der Fachhochschulbibliothek Ingolstadt}, number = {1}, publisher = {Bock + Herchen}, address = {Bad Honnef}, issn = {1869-1137}, url = {https://www.b-u-b.de/archiv/pdf-archiv-bub/pdf-archiv-detailseite/1/2005}, pages = {28 -- 34}, year = {2005}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2003, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Ein Logo? Na Logo! Wettbewerb der bayerischen FH-Bibliotheken}, volume = {55}, journal = {BuB: Forum Bibliothek und Information}, number = {12}, publisher = {Bock + Herchen}, address = {Bad Honnef}, issn = {1869-1137}, url = {https://www.b-u-b.de/archiv/pdf-archiv-bub/pdf-archiv-detailseite/12/2003}, pages = {689 -- 690}, year = {2003}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2007, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Keine halben B{\"u}cher mehr! Das neue Etatbedarfs- und -verteilungsmodell f{\"u}r die bayerischen Fachhochschulbibliotheken - belastbar, tragf{\"a}hig und einfach fortzuschreiben}, volume = {1}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {2}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2007/heft-2-2007}, pages = {102 -- 105}, year = {2007}, abstract = {Die bayerischen Fachhochschulbibliotheken verzeichnen seit Jahren einen unzureichenden Erwerbungsetat. Nur durch strukturelle Verbesserungen mit einer systematischen und nachvollziehbaren Zuweisung von Bibliotheksmitteln kann die Situation auf Dauer verbessert werden. Eine Arbeitsgruppe erarbeitete ein Etatbedarfs- und -verteilungsmodell, das den Bedarf der bayerischen Fachhochschulbibliotheken definierte und von den Pr{\"a}sidenten und Rektoren der bayerischen Fachhochschulen verabschiedet wurde. Die Arbeitsgruppe verst{\"a}ndigte sich auf ein S{\"a}ulenmodell zur Finanzierung: jeweils ein Drittel der ben{\"o}tigten Etatmittel soll aus origin{\"a}ren Haushaltsmitteln, den Studienbeitr{\"a}gen und eingeworbenen Drittmitteln finanziert werden. Das Etatmodell beruht auf den Grundparametern Studentenzahl, Literaturpreis und Literaturbedarf und setzt sich aus f{\"u}nf Modulen zusammen: fachlich zugeordnete Monographienliteratur, f{\"a}cher{\"u}bergreifende Literatur, Zeitschriften, elektronische Fachinformation und Einbandkosten. Das Berechnungsmodell kann außerdem zur Etatverteilung innerhalb einer Fachhochschule und zwischen den Fachhochschulbibliotheken verwendet werden.}, language = {de} } @article{Veitinger2007, author = {Veitinger, Daniela}, title = {Was machen eigentlich Bibliothekare den ganzen Tag? Bericht einer Auszubildenden}, volume = {1}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {3}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2007/heft-3-2007}, pages = {165 -- 166}, year = {2007}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2007, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Zum ersten Mal in Bayern: FaMI-Ausbildung an einer Hochschulbibliothek}, volume = {1}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {3}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2007/heft-3-2007}, pages = {160 -- 162}, year = {2007}, language = {de} } @article{Bartholome2008, author = {Bartholom{\´e}, Thomas}, title = {Da ist mehr drin: Kooperative Steigerung der Servicequalit{\"a}t bayerischer Fachhochschulbibliotheken in der Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz}, volume = {2}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {3}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/index.php?id=88}, pages = {180 -- 181}, year = {2008}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2009, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Mit Erasmus in die weite Bibliothekswelt}, volume = {3}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, subtitle = {Zwei Mitarbeiter der Hochschulbibliothek Ingolstadt verlegten ihre Arbeit f{\"u}r eine Woche in den Norden}, number = {2}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2009/heft-2-2009}, pages = {122}, year = {2009}, language = {de} } @article{Schneider2009, author = {Schneider, Doris}, title = {Kooperation mit Beruflichen Oberschulen}, volume = {3}, journal = {Bibliotheksforum Bayern}, number = {2}, publisher = {Bibliotheksverbund Bayern, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, issn = {0340-000X}, url = {https://www.bibliotheksforum-bayern.de/archiv/2009/heft-2-2009}, pages = {83 -- 84}, year = {2009}, abstract = {{\"U}ber 50 \% der Studienanf{\"a}nger der Hochschule Ingolstadt kommen von den Beruflichen Oberschulen Bayern. Die Hochschulbibliothek bietet deshalb speziell f{\"u}r diese Sch{\"u}lergruppe Veranstaltungen an.}, language = {de} }