@inproceedings{deCandidoKollerGallitzetal.2020, author = {de Candido, Oliver and Koller, Michael and Gallitz, Oliver and Melz, Ron and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Towards feature validation in time to lane change classification using deep neural networks}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4149-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294555}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @book{BotschUtschick2020, author = {Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Fahrzeugsicherheit und automatisiertes Fahren}, subtitle = {Methoden der Signalverarbeitung und des maschinellen Lernens}, publisher = {Hanser}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-446-46804-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3139/9783446468047}, pages = {448}, year = {2020}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GallitzdeCandidoBotschetal.2019, author = {Gallitz, Oliver and de Candido, Oliver and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Interpretable feature generation using deep neural networks and its application to lane change detection}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7024-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8917524}, pages = {3405 -- 3411}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesBotschHuberetal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {High precision indoor navigation for autonomous vehicles}, booktitle = {2019 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-1788-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IPIN.2019.8911780}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ChaulwarAlHashimiBotschetal.2019, author = {Chaulwar, Amit and Al-Hashimi, Hussein and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Efficient hybrid machine learning algorithm for trajectory planning in critical traffic-scenarios}, booktitle = {The 4th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Engineering, ICITE 2019}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4553-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITE.2019.8880266}, pages = {196 -- 202}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesBotschHuberetal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Botsch, Michael and Huber, Bertold and Garc{\´i}a Higuera, Andr{\´e}s}, title = {High precision indoor positioning by means of LiDAR}, booktitle = {2019 DGON Inertial Sensors and Systems (ISS), Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-1935-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ISS46986.2019.8943731}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SanchezMoralesMembarthGaulletal.2019, author = {S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Membarth, Richard and Gaull, Andreas and Slusallek, Philipp and Dirndorfer, Tobias and Kammenhuber, Alexander and Lauer, Christoph and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Parallel Multi-Hypothesis Algorithm for Criticality Estimation in Traffic and Collision Avoidance}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814015}, pages = {2164 -- 2171}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LiebhartDiehlEndisch2020, author = {Liebhart, Bernhard and Diehl, Simon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Sensitivity analysis of battery cell aging estimators based on impedance spectroscopy regarding temperature compensation}, booktitle = {IEEE CCTA 2020, 4th IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-7140-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/CCTA41146.2020.9206395}, pages = {699 -- 705}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BalasubramanianWurstBotschetal.2021, author = {Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Wurst, Jonas and Botsch, Michael and Deng, Ke}, title = {Traffic scenario clustering by iterative optimisation of self-supervised networks using a random forest activation pattern similarity}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-5394-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV48863.2021.9575615}, pages = {682 -- 689}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KruberWurstSanchezMoralesetal.2019, author = {Kruber, Friedrich and Wurst, Jonas and S{\´a}nchez Morales, Eduardo and Chakraborty, Samarjit and Botsch, Michael}, title = {Unsupervised and Supervised Learning with the Random Forest Algorithm for Traffic Scenario Clustering and Classification}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813994}, pages = {2463 -- 2470}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KettelgerdesBoehmElger2021, author = {Kettelgerdes, Marcel and B{\"o}hm, Lena and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Correlating Intrinsic Parameters and Sharpness for Condition Monitoring of Automotive Imaging Sensors}, booktitle = {2021 5th International Conference on System Reliability and Safety (ICSRS)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-0049-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSRS53853.2021.9660665}, pages = {298 -- 306}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AmmalladeneVenkataSeidelHalbeetal.2021, author = {Ammalladene-Venkata, Manogna and Seidel, Christian and Halbe, Omkar and Groitl, Christine and Stahl, Christoph}, title = {Deep Learning Based Obstacle Awareness from Airborne Optical Sensors}, booktitle = {77th Annual Vertical Flight Society Forum and Technology Display (FORUM 77), the Future of Vertical Flight}, publisher = {Vertical Flight Society}, address = {Fairfax}, isbn = {978-1-7138-3001-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.4050/F-0077-2021-16905}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderLiebhartEndisch2021, author = {Schneider, Dominik and Liebhart, Bernhard and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Adaptive Variance Estimation of Sensor Noise within a Sensor Data Fusion Framework}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC 2021) Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9539-1}, issn = {2642-2077}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC50364.2021.9459790}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderEndisch2020, author = {Schneider, Dominik and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Robustness and reliability of model-based sensor data fusion in a lithium-ion battery system}, booktitle = {IEEE CCTA 2020, 4th IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-7140-1}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/CCTA41146.2020.9206336}, pages = {685 -- 691}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @book{BschorerKoeltzsch2021, author = {Bschorer, Sabine and K{\"o}ltzsch, Konrad}, title = {Technische Str{\"o}mungslehre}, subtitle = {Mit 262 Aufgaben und 31 Beispielen}, edition = {12., {\"u}berarbeitete und erg{\"a}nzte Auflage}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-30407-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-30407-2}, pages = {XV, 450}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{SchneiderLiebhartEndisch2021, author = {Schneider, Dominik and Liebhart, Bernhard and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Active state and parameter estimation as part of intelligent battery systems}, volume = {2021}, pages = {102638}, journal = {Journal of Energy Storage}, number = {39}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1538}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102638}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BalasubramanianKruberBotschetal.2021, author = {Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Kruber, Friedrich and Botsch, Michael and Deng, Ke}, title = {Open-Set Recognition based on the Combination of Deep Learning and Ensemble Method for Detecting Unknown Traffic Scenarios}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-5394-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV48863.2021.9575433}, pages = {674 -- 681}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TerbrackStoettnerEndisch2020, author = {Terbrack, Christoph and St{\"o}ttner, Julia and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Operation of an externally excited synchronous machine with a hybrid multilevel inverter}, booktitle = {2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE Europe)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-9-0758-1536-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE20ECCEEurope43536.2020.9215895}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1417, title = {Autonome Shuttlebusse im {\"O}PNV}, subtitle = {Analysen und Bewertungen zum Fallbeispiel Bad Birnbach aus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und planerischer Sicht}, editor = {Riener, Andreas and Appel, Alexandra and Dorner, Wolfgang and Huber, Thomas and Kolb, Jan Christopher and Wagner, Harry}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-59406-3}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-59406-3}, pages = {XI, 206}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Automatisiertes Fahren wird aktuell auf allen Ebenen diskutiert. Dieses Open Access Buch greift das Thema aus Sicht des {\"O}PNV auf und stellt Chancen und Risiken des Einsatzes automatisierter Shuttlebusse im Nahverkehr dar. Am Beispiel Bad Birnbach/Niederbayern wird gezeigt, welche Herausforderungen bei der Einf{\"u}hrung eines solchen Services zu erwarten sind und wie diese gel{\"o}st werden k{\"o}nnen. Dabei fokussiert sich das Buch auf die Vermittlung von im Feld erhobenen Daten, z.B. zu technischen Schwierigkeiten, Erfahrungsberichten von Anwohnern und G{\"a}sten, Akzeptanz in der Bev{\"o}lkerung, infrastrukturellen Anforderungen, etc. Konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r St{\"a}dteplaner, {\"O}PNV-Betreiber/-Strategen oder Kommunen, die eine Einf{\"u}hrung automatisierter Busse in Erw{\"a}gung ziehen, runden das Werk ab.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SequeiraAfrajLugneretal.2019, author = {Sequeira, Gerald Joy and Afraj, Shahabaz and Lugner, Robert and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {LiDAR based prediction and contact based validation of crash parameters for a preemptive restraint strategy}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-3473-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICVES.2019.8906354}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderLugnerBrandmeier2019, author = {Schneider, Kilian and Lugner, Robert and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {LiDAR-based contour estimation of oncoming vehicles in pre-crash scenarios}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813825}, pages = {2272 -- 2277}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HeldSteinhauserKamannetal.2019, author = {Held, Patrick and Steinhauser, Dagmar and Kamann, Alexander and Koch, Andreas and Brandmeier, Thomas and Schwarz, Ulrich}, title = {Micro-Doppler extraction of bicycle pedaling movements using automotive radar}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813828}, pages = {744 -- 749}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SteinhauserHeldKamannetal.2019, author = {Steinhauser, Dagmar and Held, Patrick and Kamann, Alexander and Koch, Andreas and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {Micro-Doppler extraction of pedestrian limbs for high resolution automotive radar}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-0560-4}, issn = {2642-7214}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8813850}, pages = {764 -- 769}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZaumseilSteinhauserHeldetal.2019, author = {Zaumseil, Patrick and Steinhauser, Dagmar and Held, Patrick and Kamann, Alexander and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {Radar-based near field environment perception using back projection algorithm}, booktitle = {European Microwave Week 2019: "Universality Through Microwaves" Conference Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-2-87487-057-6}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8904568}, pages = {257 -- 260}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BhogarajuContiSchmidetal.2020, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Conti, Fosca and Schmid, Maximilian and Meier, Markus and Schweigart, Helmut and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Development of sinter paste with surface modified copper alloy particles for die-attach bonding}, booktitle = {ETG-Fachbericht 161, CIPS 2020, 11th International Conference on Integrated Power Electronics Systems}, publisher = {VDE Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-8007-5226-3}, url = {https://www.vde-verlag.de/proceedings-de/455225100.html}, pages = {582 -- 587}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZippeliusHanssLiuetal.2020, author = {Zippelius, Andreas and Hanss, Alexander and Liu, E and Schmid, Maximilian and P{\´e}rez-Vel{\´a}zquez, Judith and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Comparing prediction methods for LED failure measured with Transient Thermal Analysis}, booktitle = {2020 21st International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6049-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSimE48426.2020.9152657}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PandeyKuehnErdoganetal.2020, author = {Pandey, Amit and K{\"u}hn, Stephan and Erdogan, H{\"u}seyin and Schneider, Klaus and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Finite Element Analysis: A Tool for Investigation of Sharpness Changes in Automotive Cameras}, booktitle = {2020 21st International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6049-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSimE48426.2020.9152716}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LiuSchmidBhogarajuetal.2021, author = {Liu, E and Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Advanced location resolved transient thermal analysis}, booktitle = {2020 26th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-7643-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/THERMINIC49743.2020.9420538}, pages = {191 -- 196}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmidBhogarajuRiedeletal.2021, author = {Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Riedel, Andreas and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Development of an in-line capable transient thermal analysis equipment for a power module with five half bridges}, booktitle = {2020 26th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-7643-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/THERMINIC49743.2020.9420493}, pages = {268 -- 273}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ContiLiuBhogarajuetal.2021, author = {Conti, Fosca and Liu, E and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Lenz, Christoph and Seitz, Roland and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Stress evaluations of silicon nitride chips bonded onto copper substrates via SAC soldering, AuSn soldering, and copper sintering}, booktitle = {2020 26th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-7643-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/THERMINIC49743.2020.9420523}, pages = {204 -- 208}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KeimTetzlaffElger2020, author = {Keim, Simon and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Elger, Gordon}, title = {The influence of different-sized Ni micro- and nanopowders on the processing and microstructural properties of Sn-Ag-Cu-solder with low Ag content}, booktitle = {Proceedings: IEEE 70th Electronic Components and Technology Conference, ECTC 2020}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6180-8}, issn = {2377-5726}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC32862.2020.00312}, pages = {2005 -- 2012}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BhogarajuContiElger2020, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Conti, Fosca and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Copper die bonding using copper formate based pastes with α-terpineol, amino-2-propanol and hexylamine as binders}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 8th Electronics System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6293-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ESTC48849.2020.9229801}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ContiLiuBhogarajuetal.2020, author = {Conti, Fosca and Liu, E and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Wunderle, Bernhard and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Finite Element simulations and Raman measurements to investigate thermomechanical stress in GaN-LEDs}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 8th Electronics System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6293-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ESTC48849.2020.9229843}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KuehnPandeyZippeliusetal.2020, author = {K{\"u}hn, Stephan and Pandey, Amit and Zippelius, Andreas and Schneider, Klaus and Erdogan, H{\"u}seyin and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Analysis of package design of optic modules for automotive cameras to realize reliable image sharpness}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 8th Electronics System-Integration Technology Conference (ESTC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6293-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ESTC48849.2020.9229786}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{HanzlHartmannHoelzleetal.2021, author = {Hanzl, Christian and Hartmann, Christoph and H{\"o}lzle, Markus and Liebhart, Bernhard and Schmid, Michael and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Current commutation in a switched lithium-ion cell used in cascaded half-bridge multilevel inverters}, volume = {14}, journal = {IET Power Electronics}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken}, issn = {1755-4543}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.12088}, pages = {1073 -- 1088}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In order to improve the efficiency of battery electric vehicles, the utilization of reconfigurable batteries and multilevel inverters based on low-voltage Si MOSFETs gains growing attention. Focusing on the half-bridge as basic switching unit, this paper examines voltage and current waveforms during switching. It is shown that the current commutation speed depends on various factors such as sign and amplitude of the current as well as the particular switching scenario. For instance, turning off a positive cell current takes 0.21 𝜇s while turning it on takes 0.9 𝜇s. In addition, it is revealed that depending on the switching scenario and current direction, the lithium-ion cell supports or opposes the remagnetization of the parasitic inductances and therefore the switching losses of the MOSFETs. Switching a positive load current of 125 A from active to bypass converts 276 𝜇J into heat while switching from bypass to active converts merely 32.5 𝜇J into heat.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidGebauerHanzletal.2020, author = {Schmid, Michael and Gebauer, Emanuel and Hanzl, Christian and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Active model-based fault diagnosis in reconfigurable battery systems}, volume = {36}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics}, number = {3}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, issn = {1941-0107}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2020.3012964}, pages = {2584 -- 2597}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidKneidingerEndisch2020, author = {Schmid, Michael and Kneidinger, Hans-Georg and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Data-driven fault diagnosis in battery systems through cross-cell monitoring}, volume = {21}, journal = {IEEE Sensors Journal}, number = {2}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {1558-1748}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2020.3017812}, pages = {1829 -- 1837}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{RienerJeon2019, author = {Riener, Andreas and Jeon, Myounghoon}, title = {Guest editors' introduction: multimodal technologies and interaction in the era of automated driving}, volume = {3}, pages = {41}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti3020041}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KleinerHeiderHanzletal.2020, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Heider, Alexander and Hanzl, Christian and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Elger, Gordon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Thermal behavior of an intelligent li-ion cell under vehicle conditions}, booktitle = {Proceedings: IECON 2020 The 46th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-5414-5}, issn = {2577-1647}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON43393.2020.9254336}, pages = {2081 -- 2086}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{SequeiraBrandmeier2020, author = {Sequeira, Gerald Joy and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {Evaluation and characterization of crash-pulses for head-on collisions with varying overlap crash scenarios}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Transportation Research Procedia}, number = {48}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1465}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.08.156}, pages = {1306 -- 1315}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Activation time for activating the occupant restraint systems (airbag and seatbelt) is very critical for an optimal safety action. A crash-pulse is the deceleration of the vehicle measured during in a crash. The shape, slope, maximum deceleration and duration of the crash-pulse provides significant information over the nature of occupant motions during in-crash phase and hence the crash severity. The above parameters of the crash-pulse not only depend on the mass and impact velocity but also on the crash configuration (position of impact, overlap, relative approach angle etc.). This study focuses on analysis and characterization of crash-pulses in head-on collision cases with varying overlap configurations. The paper describes causes for occupant injuries during a crash, crash-pulse and its important physical parameters, and different methodologies used to analyse the crash-pulse. Finite element simulation method is used to study the crash-pulses from different crash configurations. A new severity index that has direct influence on the occupant kinematics is defined. The results show that the steep decrease of crash-pulse for small overlap configurations (less than 25 percent of vehicle width) lags by 20 to 25 milliseconds as compared to configurations with large overlaps. The shape of the crash-pulse also changes for crash scenarios with different overlap configurations. The results, discussion and conclusion sections of this paper provide a summary of crash behaviour of varying overlap crash scenarios and insights that can be used for deployment of restraint systems.}, language = {en} } @article{SchmiedMathiasGrossmannetal.2021, author = {Schmied, Sebastian and Mathias, Selvine George and Großmann, Daniel and Jumar, Ulrich}, title = {Integration of existing cyber-physical manufacturing systems into a common information model}, volume = {53}, journal = {IFAC-PapersOnLine}, number = {2}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2405-8963}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.2827}, pages = {10905 -- 10910}, year = {2021}, abstract = {In order to be able to serve constantly new customer requirements, manufacturing systems must be able to adapt to frequent changes. In addition, repeatedly objects are removed or added to the network. To control and monitor such a constantly changing system a mapping of existing manufacturing systems into a common information model is necessary. This model describes information that is produced and stored in different entities of the complete system. To create a common address space and expose the relations between the devices an aggregation of every element in the system is needed. This paper describes a methodology for the creation of an information model for a complete manufacturing environment, followed by an approach for the aggregation of the singular system entities. The concept of this paper is illustrated with a demonstrator. The results of this approach have been discussed in the following sections along with the proposal for further directions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmidBhogarajuElger2021, author = {Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Characterization of copper sintered interconnects by transient thermal analysis}, booktitle = {2021 International Conference on Electronics Packaging (ICEP 2021)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-4-9911-9111-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.23919/ICEP51988.2021.9451966}, pages = {71 -- 72}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BhogarajuSchmidHufnageletal.2021, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Schmid, Maximilian and Hufnagel, Elias and Conti, Fosca and Kotadia, Hiren R. and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Low temperature and low pressure die-attach bonding of high power light emitting diodes with self reducing copper complex paste}, booktitle = {IEEE 71st Electronic Components and Technology Conference ECTC 2021, Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-4097-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC32696.2021.00094}, pages = {526 -- 531}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PascucciContiBhogarajuetal.2021, author = {Pascucci, Jacopo and Conti, Fosca and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Signorini, Raffaella and Liu, E and Pedron, Danilo and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Micro-Raman to detect stress phenomena in Si-chips bonded onto Cu substrates}, booktitle = {Integrated Optics: Design, Devices, Systems and Applications VI}, editor = {Cheben, Pavel and Čtyrok{\´y}, Jiř{\´i} and Molina-Fern{\´a}ndez, I{\~n}igo}, publisher = {SPIE}, address = {Bellingham}, isbn = {978-1-5106-4385-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576414}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ContiLuxBhogarajuetal.2021, author = {Conti, Fosca and Lux, Kerstin and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Liu, E and Lenz, Christoph and Seitz, Roland and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Raman spectroscopy to investigate gallium nitride light emitting diodes after assembling onto copper substrates}, booktitle = {Optical Sensors 2021}, editor = {Baldini, Francesco and Homola, Jiri and Lieberman, Robert A.}, publisher = {SPIE}, address = {Bellingham}, isbn = {978-1-5106-4379-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2591947}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TavakolibastiMeszmerBoettgeretal.2021, author = {Tavakolibasti, M. and Meszmer, P. and B{\"o}ttger, Gunnar and Kettelgerdes, Marcel and Elger, Gordon and Erdogan, H{\"u}seyin and Seshaditya, A. and Wunderle, Bernhard}, title = {Thermo-mechanical-optical coupling within a digital twin development for automotive LiDAR}, booktitle = {2021 22nd International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-1373-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSimE52062.2021.9410831}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{LiuContiBhogarajuetal.2021, author = {Liu, E and Conti, Fosca and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Simulations and experiments to analyze stress phenomena in soldered and sintered interconnections between silicon nitride chips and copper substrates}, booktitle = {2021 22nd International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-1373-2}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/EuroSimE52062.2021.9410869}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AgrawalElger2021, author = {Agrawal, Shiva and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Concept of infrastructure based environment perception for IN2Lab test field for automated driving}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-4919-9}, issn = {2687-8860}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC253183.2021.9562894}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{WeiglPonocny2020, author = {Weigl, Klemens and Ponocny, Ivo}, title = {Group sequential designs applied in psychological research}, volume = {16}, journal = {Methodology: European Journal of Research Methods for the Behavioral and Social Sciences}, number = {1}, publisher = {PsychOpen}, address = {Trier}, issn = {1614-2241}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.5964/meth.2811}, pages = {75 -- 91}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Psychological research is confronted with ever-increasing demands to save resources such as time and money while assuring high ethical standards. In medical and pharmaceutical research, group sequential designs have fundamentally changed traditional statistical testing approaches featuring only one analysis at the end of a single-stage study. They enable early stopping at an interim stage, after a group of observations, for efficacy or futility in case of an overwhelmingly large or small effect, respectively. Otherwise, the trial is continued to the next stage. On average over many studies time and money are saved and more ethical trials are facilitated by diminishing the risk of patients' exposure to inferior treatments. We provide an easy-to-use tutorial for psychological research replete with easily understandable figures highlighting the core idea of different group sequential designs, a workflow chart, an empirical real-world data set, and the annotated R code. Finally, we demonstrate the application of early stopping for efficacy.}, language = {en} } @article{SequeiraPatelAfrajetal.2020, author = {Sequeira, Gerald Joy and Patel, Akshay and Afraj, Shahabaz and Lugner, Robert and Brandmeier, Thomas}, title = {FEM-based methodology for crash severity estimation in frontal crash scenarios}, volume = {2020}, pages = {012019}, journal = {IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering}, number = {831}, publisher = {IOP}, address = {Bristol}, issn = {1757-899X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/831/1/012019}, year = {2020}, abstract = {With the technological development of forward-looking sensors, researchers are exploring their use not only for advanced driver assistance systems but also to gain important pre-crash information. Based on this pre-crash information, if the occupant motion inside the vehicle structure can be predicted for the oncoming crash scenario, then an optimal restraint strategy can be planned before the crash. This paper introduces a two-step FEM simulation based methodology for predicting the occupant severity in head-on crash scenarios. In the first step, we simulate the vehicle level model with different impact positions and relative approach angles. The results of these simulations, linear velocities in the longitudinal and lateral direction and angular velocities (roll, pitch, and yaw) during in-crash phase are the loading conditions for next simulation step (occupant level). This step simulates the motion of the driver in different crash scenarios. In this paper, we investigate the head, neck, and chest injury risks from vehicle-to-vehicle crash both traveling at 50 kilometers per hour. Prediction of the head injury criterion, identifying the cases where additional deployment of side-airbags and discussion of injury criteria with contour plots are the main outcome of this paper.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WeberErcelikEbertetal.2019, author = {Weber, Tobias and Ercelik, Emec and Ebert, Martin and Knoll, Alois}, title = {Recognition \& evaluation of additional traffic signs on the example of '80 km/h when wet'}, booktitle = {The 2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference - ITSC}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7024-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8916950}, pages = {4134 -- 4139}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{EbertHauptmannTass2014, author = {Ebert, Martin and Hauptmann, Christian and Tass, Peter Alexander}, title = {Coordinated reset stimulation in a large-scale model of the STN-GPe circuit}, volume = {8}, pages = {154}, journal = {Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, issn = {1662-5188}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2014.00154}, year = {2014}, abstract = {Synchronization of populations of neurons is a hallmark of several brain diseases. Coordinated reset (CR) stimulation is a model-based stimulation technique which specifically counteracts abnormal synchrony by desynchronization. Electrical CR stimulation, e.g., for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), is administered via depth electrodes. In order to get a deeper understanding of this technique, we extended the top-down approach of previous studies and constructed a large-scale computational model of the respective brain areas. Furthermore, we took into account the spatial anatomical properties of the simulated brain structures and incorporated a detailed numerical representation of 2 · 104 simulated neurons. We simulated the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the globus pallidus externus (GPe). Connections within the STN were governed by spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP). In this way, we modeled the physiological and pathological activity of the considered brain structures. In particular, we investigated how plasticity could be exploited and how the model could be shifted from strongly synchronized (pathological) activity to strongly desynchronized (healthy) activity of the neuronal populations via CR stimulation of the STN neurons. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of specific stimulation parameters especially the electrode position on the stimulation outcome. Our model provides a step forward toward a biophysically realistic model of the brain areas relevant to the emergence of pathological neuronal activity in PD. Furthermore, our model constitutes a test bench for the optimization of both stimulation parameters and novel electrode geometries for efficient CR stimulation.}, language = {en} } @article{GeisbauerWoehrlLottetal.2021, author = {Geisbauer, Christian and W{\"o}hrl, Katharina and Lott, Susanne and Nebl, Christoph and Schweiger, Hans-Georg and Goertz, Roland and Kubjatko, Tibor}, title = {Scenarios involving accident-damaged electric vehicles}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Transportation Research Procedia}, number = {55}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1465}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2021.07.136}, pages = {1484 -- 1489}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Electrically propelled cars will play a major role on the streets, not only in the far, but also in the near future. In this work, an overview on the possible risks arising from electric vehicles is given that involves electrical, chemical and thermal hazards. Additionally, an analysis on different scenarios involving damaged electric vehicles, the involved parties, as well as their risk assessment in terms of hazard rating is presented. Furthermore, two scenarios are explained and addressed with more detail. With the derived risks of the battery and with possible crash scenarios presented, the still existing uncertainties for handling damaged electric vehicles are addressed, followed by a discussion on ways to overcome this problem.}, language = {en} } @article{SchulzeSzentmiklosiKudejovaetal.2013, author = {Schulze, Ralf and Szentmikl{\´o}si, L{\´a}szl{\´o} and Kudejova, Petra and Canella, Lea and Kis, Zolt{\´a}n and Belgya, Tam{\´a}s and Jolie, Jan and Ebert, Martin and Materna, Thomas and Bir{\´o}, Katalin T. and Hajnal, Zsuzsa}, title = {The ANCIENT CHARM project at FRM II}, volume = {28}, journal = {Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry}, subtitle = {three-dimensional elemental mapping by prompt gamma activation imaging and neutron tomography}, number = {9}, publisher = {ChemSoc}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1364-5544}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/C3JA50162K}, pages = {1508 -- 1512}, year = {2013}, language = {en} } @article{HofmannEbertHauptmannetal.2011, author = {Hofmann, Lorenz and Ebert, Martin and Hauptmann, Peter Alexander and Hauptmann, Christian}, title = {Modified pulse shapes for effective neural stimulation}, volume = {4}, pages = {9}, journal = {Frontiers in Neuroengineering}, publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation}, address = {Lausanne}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fneng.2011.00009}, year = {2011}, abstract = {The electrical stimulation of neuronal structures is used as a treatment for many neurological disorders, e.g., for the treatment of Parkinson's disease via deep brain stimulation (DBS). To reduce side effects, to avoid tissue or electrode damage, and to increase battery lifetimes, an effective but gentle electrical stimulation is of prime importance. We studied different modified pulse shapes for application in DBS with respect to their efficiency to initiate neuronal activity. Numerical simulations of two mathematical neuron models were performed to investigate the effectiveness of different modified pulse shapes. According to our results, the pulse shapes considered showed a considerably increased efficiency in terms of both activation and entrainment of neural activity. We found that the introduction of a gap with a specific and optimized duration in a biphasic pulse and the reversal of the standard pulse phase order yielded stimulation protocols that could increase the efficiency and therefore reduce the energy consumption of stimulation. The improvements were achieved by simple modifications of existing stimulation techniques. The modification of the pulse shapes resulted in an improvement of up to 50\% for both the activation of resting neurons and the entrainment of bursting neurons.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmidMuellerBelzneretal.2021, author = {Schmid, Kyrill and M{\"u}ller, Robert and Belzner, Lenz and Tochtermann, Johannes and Linnhoff-Popien, Claudia}, title = {Distributed emergent agreements with deep reinforcement learning}, booktitle = {2021 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) Proceedings}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-6654-3900-8}, issn = {2161-4407}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN52387.2021.9533333}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{VogtSchmidtMayeretal.2021, author = {Vogt, Anna and Schmidt, Philipp Heiner and Mayer, Sebastian and Stark, Rainer}, title = {Production in the loop: the interoperability of digital twins of the product and the production system}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Procedia CIRP}, number = {99}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2212-8271}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.03.077}, pages = {561 -- 566}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The Internet of Things (IoT) era facilitates new possibilities at the interface between the lifecycle of the product and the manufacturing disciplines allowing to add value and meet growing legal requirements. This work presents use cases from the automobile industry which are analyzed in order to derive requirements for data exchange. The analysis of the use cases shows clearly that we need to focus on the instance level for this purpose. This means that both, a specific unit of the product and the production system, must be considered. As a solution approach, a communication loop is proposed bringing the Digital Twin concept in a new field of usage. The key aspect of the proposed solution is the direct intercommunication between the Digital Twins of the product being produced as a Cyber-Physical System (CPS) and the production resources as Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS). This solution enables the aggregation of production-related data within the products Digital Twin and therefore promotes maximal transparency throughout engineering disciplines, phases of the product lifecycle and the whole supply chain.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmidBelznerLinnhoffPopien2021, author = {Schmid, Kyrill and Belzner, Lenz and Linnhoff-Popien, Claudia}, title = {Learning to penalize other learning agents}, volume = {2021}, pages = {isal_a_00369}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Artificial Life Conference 2021}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00369}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RitzRatkePhanetal.2021, author = {Ritz, Fabian and Ratke, Daniel and Phan, Thomy and Belzner, Lenz and Linnhoff-Popien, Claudia}, title = {A sustainable ecosystem through emergent cooperation in multi-agent reinforcement learning}, volume = {2021}, pages = {isal_a_00399}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Artificial Life Conference 2021}, publisher = {MIT Press}, address = {Cambridge}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1162/isal_a_00399}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MathiasGrossmannBhanja2021, author = {Mathias, Selvine George and Großmann, Daniel and Bhanja, Tapanta}, title = {Exploring distance based approaches for reducing sensor data in defect related prognosis}, volume = {2021}, journal = {Procedia Computer Science}, number = {184}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-0509}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.03.076}, pages = {614 -- 621}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Vibration data consists of batches of time series which if accumulated over a period of time is a huge collection of numeric data. Reducing such data for use in deep learning models for computational effciency is a challenge. Combinatorial and discrete approaches, on the other hand, is not an extensively explored area when it comes to datasets. This paper aims to identify feature reduction techniques based on discrete approaches such as euclidean distance using dot products on vibration data samples from accelerometers fitted on bearings. In this limited experimentation, the procured dataset by this approach is considerably smaller in size as compared to the actual complete data, and with comparable results in prediction models, it can be used as a smaller representation of a sensor timeline. The results based on different models show that such reductions can be considered in building IoT applications in industries based on sensors.}, language = {en} } @article{HandwerkerKesslerMarzbani2021, author = {Handwerker, Michael and Kessler, J{\"o}rg and Marzbani, Hormoz}, title = {Review of mechanical properties of and optimisation methods for continuous fibre‑reinforced thermoplastic parts manufactured by fused deposition modelling}, volume = {6}, journal = {Progress in Additive Manufacturing}, number = {4}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, issn = {2363-9520}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-021-00187-1}, pages = {663 -- 677}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A new way of manufacturing continuous fibre-reinforced plastics is the embedding of fibres in the filament of a 3D printer. This method could be used in manufacturing composite materials with a thermoplastic matrix containing glass, Kevlar and carbon fibres. This paper provides an overview of research on the mechanical and physical properties of these parts as well as optimisation approaches of additively manufactured thermoplastics. Furthermore, applicable testing and analysis methods and their corresponding standards are included. Several studies, which represent the current state of the art, are reviewed in detail for the analysis of the mechanical performance of different fibre reinforcements. In addition, an overview of different optimisation approaches is given. The ultimate tensile strength of Kevlar and glass fibre-reinforced parts are similar to those of common Aluminium alloys whereas the carbon fibre reinforced parts outperform their aluminium counterparts. Major performance limitations include a poor adhesion between layers as well as a high air void ratio.}, language = {en} } @article{MayerClassenEndisch2021, author = {Mayer, Sebastian and Classen, Tobias and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Modular production control using deep reinforcement learning: proximal policy optimization}, volume = {32}, journal = {Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing}, number = {8}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {Cham}, issn = {1572-8145}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-021-01778-z}, pages = {2335 -- 2351}, year = {2021}, abstract = {EU regulations on CO2 limits and the trend of individualization are pushing the automotive industry towards greater flexibility and robustness in production. One approach to address these challenges is modular production, where workstations are decoupled by automated guided vehicles, requiring new control concepts. Modular production control aims at throughput-optimal coordination of products, workstations, and vehicles. For this np-hard problem, conventional control approaches lack in computing efficiency, do not find optimal solutions, or are not generalizable. In contrast, Deep Reinforcement Learning offers powerful and generalizable algorithms, able to deal with varying environments and high complexity. One of these algorithms is Proximal Policy Optimization, which is used in this article to address modular production control. Experiments in several modular production control settings demonstrate stable, reliable, optimal, and generalizable learning behavior. The agent successfully adapts its strategies with respect to the given problem configuration. We explain how to get to this learning behavior, especially focusing on the agent's action, state, and reward design.}, language = {en} } @article{TheilerEndischLewerenz2021, author = {Theiler, Michael and Endisch, Christian and Lewerenz, Meinert}, title = {Float Current Analysis for Fast Calendar Aging Assessment of 18650 Li(NiCoAl)O2/Graphite Cells}, volume = {7}, pages = {22}, journal = {Batteries}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2313-0105}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7020022}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Float currents are steady-state self-discharge currents after a transient phase—caused by anode overhang, polarization, etc.—is accomplished. The float current is measured in this study with a standard test bench for five 18650 cells (Samsung 25R) at potentiostatic conditions while the temperature is changed in 5 K steps from 5 °C to 60 °C. The entire test is performed in about 100 days resulting in 12 measurement points per cell potential for an Arrhenius representation. The float current follows the Arrhenius law with an activation energy of about 60 kJ/mol. The capacity loss measured at reference condition shows a high correlation to the results of float currents analysis. In contrast to classical calendar aging tests, the performed float current analysis enables determining the aging rate with high precision down to at least 10 °C. Returning from higher temperatures to 30 °C reference temperature shows reducing float currents at 30 °C for increasing temperature steps that may originate from an hysteresis effect that has to be investigated in future publications.}, language = {en} } @article{vonSawitzkyGrauschopfRiener2021, author = {von Sawitzky, Tamara and Grauschopf, Thomas and Riener, Andreas}, title = {"Attention! A Door Could Open."—Introducing Awareness Messages for Cyclists to Safely Evade Potential Hazards}, volume = {6}, pages = {3}, journal = {Multimodal Technologies and Interaction}, number = {1}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2414-4088}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/mti6010003}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Numerous statistics show that cyclists are often involved in road traffic accidents, often with serious outcomes. One potential hazard of cycling, especially in cities, is "dooring"—passing parked vehicles that still have occupants inside. These occupants could open the vehicle door unexpectedly in the cyclist's path—requiring a quick evasive response by the cyclist to avoid a collision. Dooring can be very poorly anticipated; as a possible solution, we propose in this work a system that notifies the cyclist of opening doors based on a networked intelligent transportation infrastructure. In a user study with a bicycle simulator (N = 24), we examined the effects of three user interface designs compared to a baseline (no notifications) on cycling behavior (speed and lateral position), perceived safety, and ease of use. Awareness messages (either visual message, visual message + auditory icon, or visual + voice message) were displayed on a smart bicycle helmet at different times before passing a parked, still-occupied vehicle. Our participants found the notifications of potential hazards very easy to understand and appealing and felt that the alerts could help them navigate traffic more safely. Those concepts that (additionally) used auditory icons or voice messages were preferred. In addition, the lateral distance increased significantly when a potentially opening door was indicated. In these situations, cyclists were able to safely pass the parked vehicle without braking. In summary, we are convinced that notification systems, such as the one presented here, are an important component for increasing road safety, especially for vulnerable road users.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{UnoldWintergerstBelzneretal.2021, author = {Unold, Florian von and Wintergerst, Monika and Belzner, Lenz and Groh, Georg}, title = {DYME: a dynamic metric for dialog modeling learned from human conversations}, booktitle = {Neural Information Processing: 28th International Conference, ICONIP 2021, Sanur, Bali, Indonesia, December 8-12, 2021, Proceedings, Part V}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-030-92307-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92307-5_30}, pages = {257 -- 264}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{KleinerStuckenbergerKomsiyskaetal.2021, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Stuckenberger, Magdalena and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Advanced monitoring and prediction of the thermal state of intelligent battery cells in electric vehicles by physics-based and data-driven modeling}, volume = {7}, pages = {31}, journal = {Batteries}, number = {2}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2313-0105}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7020031}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Novel intelligent battery systems are gaining importance with functional hardware on the cell level. Cell-level hardware allows for advanced battery state monitoring and thermal management, but also leads to additional thermal interactions. In this work, an electro-thermal framework for the modeling of these novel intelligent battery cells is provided. Thereby, a lumped thermal model, as well as a novel neural network, are implemented in the framework as thermal submodels. For the first time, a direct comparison of a physics-based and a data-driven thermal battery model is performed in the same framework. The models are compared in terms of temperature estimation with regard to accuracy. Both models are very well suited to represent the thermal behavior in novel intelligent battery cells. In terms of accuracy and computation time, however, the data-driven neural network approach with a Nonlinear AutoregRessive network with eXogeneous input (NARX) shows slight advantages. Finally, novel applications of temperature prediction in battery electric vehicles are presented and the applicability of the models is illustrated. Thereby, the conventional prediction of the state of power is extended by simultaneous temperature prediction. Additionally, temperature forecasting is used for pre-conditioning by advanced cooling system regulation to enable energy efficiency and fast charging.}, language = {en} } @article{AxenieBauerRodriguezMartinez2021, author = {Axenie, Cristian and Bauer, Roman and Rodr{\´i}guez Mart{\´i}nez, Mar{\´i}a}, title = {The Multiple Dimensions of Networks in Cancer: A Perspective}, volume = {13}, pages = {1559}, journal = {Symmetry}, number = {9}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2073-8994}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13091559}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This perspective article gathers the latest developments in mathematical and computational oncology tools that exploit network approaches for the mathematical modelling, analysis, and simulation of cancer development and therapy design. It instigates the community to explore new paths and synergies under the umbrella of the Special Issue "Networks in Cancer: From Symmetry Breaking to Targeted Therapy". The focus of the perspective is to demonstrate how networks can model the physics, analyse the interactions, and predict the evolution of the multiple processes behind tumour-host encounters across multiple scales. From agent-based modelling and mechano-biology to machine learning and predictive modelling, the perspective motivates a methodology well suited to mathematical and computational oncology and suggests approaches that mark a viable path towards adoption in the clinic.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrunnerDenkHuberetal.2019, author = {Brunner, Pascal and Denk, Florian and Huber, Werner and Kates, Ronald}, title = {Virtual safety performance assessment for automated driving in complex urban traffic scenarios}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-5386-7024-8}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2019.8917517}, pages = {679 -- 685}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DenkHuberBrunneretal.2020, author = {Denk, Florian and Huber, Werner and Brunner, Pascal and Kates, Ronald}, title = {The role of perceptual failure and degrading processes in urban traffic accidents: a stochastic computational model for virtual experiments}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4149-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC45102.2020.9294498}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BrunnerLoeckenDenketal.2021, author = {Brunner, Pascal and L{\"o}cken, Andreas and Denk, Florian and Kates, Ronald and Huber, Werner}, title = {Analysis of experimental data on dynamics and behavior of e-scooter riders and applications to the impact of automated driving functions on urban road safety}, booktitle = {2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-6673-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV47402.2020.9304835}, pages = {219 -- 225}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{HuberHaaseGleich2017, author = {Huber, Stephan and Haase, Axel and Gleich, Bernhard}, title = {Analysis of 2D NMR relaxation data using Chisholm approximations}, volume = {2017}, journal = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance}, number = {281}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1096-0856}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmr.2017.05.006}, pages = {66 -- 74}, year = {2017}, language = {en} } @article{HuberMinStaatetal.2019, author = {Huber, Stephan and Min, Changwook and Staat, Christoph and Oh, Juhyun and Castro, Cesar and Haase, Axel and Weissleder, Ralph and Gleich, Bernhard and Lee, Hakho}, title = {Multichannel digital heteronuclear magnetic resonance biosensor}, volume = {2019}, journal = {Biosensors and Bioelectronics}, number = {126}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-4235}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.052}, pages = {240 -- 248}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WenzelSchoenLealTaixeetal.2021, author = {Wenzel, Patrick and Sch{\"o}n, Torsten and Leal-Taix{\´e}, Laura and Cremers, Daniel}, title = {Vision-based mobile robotics obstacle avoidance with deep reinforcement learning}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-9077-8}, issn = {2577-087X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA48506.2021.9560787}, pages = {14360 -- 14366}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @book{OPUS4-1275, title = {"Die große Transformation"}, subtitle = {Beitrag von Unternehmen und Wissenschaft zur Nachaltigen Entwicklung: Tagungsband zur Tagung am 08.11.2019}, editor = {Schober, Walter}, publisher = {Cuvillier}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, isbn = {978-3-7369-7318-3}, doi = {https://cuvillier.de/de/shop/publications/8433-die-grosse-transformation}, pages = {155}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{MokhtariContiBhogarajuetal.2019, author = {Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Meier, Markus and Schweigart, Helmut and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Characterization of tin-oxides and tin-formate crystals obtained from SnAgCu solder alloy under formic acid vapor}, volume = {43}, journal = {New Journal of Chemistry}, number = {26}, publisher = {RSC}, address = {London}, issn = {1369-9261}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ02135C}, pages = {10227 -- 10231}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{BhogarajuContiKotadiaetal.2020, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Conti, Fosca and Kotadia, Hiren R. and Keim, Simon and Tetzlaff, Ulrich and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Novel approach to copper sintering using surface enhanced brass micro flakes for microelectronics packaging}, volume = {2020}, pages = {156043}, journal = {Journal of Alloys and Compounds}, number = {844}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1873-4669}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156043}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WurstBalasubramanianBotschetal.2021, author = {Wurst, Jonas and Balasubramanian, Lakshman and Botsch, Michael and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Novelty Detection and Analysis of Traffic Scenario Infrastructures in the Latent Space of a Vision Transformer-Based Triplet Autoencoder}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {978-1-7281-5394-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IV48863.2021.9575730}, pages = {1304 -- 1311}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{AubrevilleBertramKlopfleischetal.2018, author = {Aubreville, Marc and Bertram, Christof and Klopfleisch, Robert and Maier, Andreas}, title = {SlideRunner}, booktitle = {Bildverarbeitung f{\"u}r die Medizin 2018: Algorithmen - Systeme - Anwendungen}, subtitle = {a tool for massive cell annotations in whole slide images}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-56537-7}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56537-7_81}, pages = {309 -- 314}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Large-scale image data such as digital whole-slide histology images pose a challenging task at annotation software solutions. Today, a number of good solutions with varying scopes exist. For cell annotation, however, we find that many do not match the prerequisites for fast annotations. Especially in the field of mitosis detection, it is assumed that detection accuracy could significantly benefit from larger annotation databases that are currently however very troublesome to produce. Further, multiple independent (blind) expert labels are a big asset for such databases, yet there is currently no tool for this kind of annotation available. To ease this tedious process of expert annotation and grading, we introduce SlideRunner, an open source annotation and visualization tool for digital histopathology, developed in close cooperation with two pathologists. SlideRunner is capable of setting annotations like object centers (for e.g. cells) as well as object boundaries (e.g. for tumor outlines). It provides single-click annotations as well as a blind mode for multi-annotations, where the expert is directly shown the microscopy image containing the cells that he has not yet rated.}, language = {en} } @article{AubrevilleKnipferOetteretal.2017, author = {Aubreville, Marc and Knipfer, Christian and Oetter, Nicolai and Jaremenko, Christian and Rodner, Erik and Denzler, Joachim and Bohr, Christopher and Neumann, Helmut and Stelzle, Florian and Maier, Andreas}, title = {Automatic classification of cancerous tissue in laserendomicroscopy images of the oral cavity using deep learning}, volume = {7}, pages = {11979}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-12320-8}, year = {2017}, abstract = {Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a common type of cancer of the oral epithelium. Despite their high impact on mortality, sufficient screening methods for early diagnosis of OSCC often lack accuracy and thus OSCCs are mostly diagnosed at a late stage. Early detection and accurate outline estimation of OSCCs would lead to a better curative outcome and a reduction in recurrence rates after surgical treatment. Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (CLE) records sub-surface micro-anatomical images for in vivo cell structure analysis. Recent CLE studies showed great prospects for a reliable, real-time ultrastructural imaging of OSCC in situ. We present and evaluate a novel automatic approach for OSCC diagnosis using deep learning technologies on CLE images. The method is compared against textural feature-based machine learning approaches that represent the current state of the art. For this work, CLE image sequences (7894 images) from patients diagnosed with OSCC were obtained from 4 specific locations in the oral cavity, including the OSCC lesion. The present approach is found to outperform the state of the art in CLE image recognition with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.96 and a mean accuracy of 88.3\% (sensitivity 86.6\%, specificity 90\%).}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DietlBotschDietrichetal.2005, author = {Dietl, Guido and Botsch, Michael and Dietrich, F. A. and Utschick, Wolfgang}, title = {Robust and reduced-rank matrix Wiener filter based on the conjugate gradient algorithm}, booktitle = {2005 IEEE 6th Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway}, isbn = {0-7803-8867-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWC.2005.1506201}, pages = {555 -- 559}, year = {2005}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidBhogarajuLiuetal.2020, author = {Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Liu, E and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Comparison of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Solder, Sinter, and Adhesive Interconnects in Power and Opto-Electronics}, volume = {10}, pages = {8516}, journal = {Applied Sciences}, number = {23}, publisher = {MDPI}, address = {Basel}, issn = {2076-3417}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238516}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Reliability is one of the major requirements for power and opto-electronic devices across all segments. High operation temperature and/or high thermomechanical stress cause defects and degradation of materials and interconnects, which may lead to malfunctions with costly or even life-threatening consequences. To avoid or at least reduce failures, nondestructive testing (NDT) methods are common within development and production of power and opto-electronics. Currently, the dominating NDT methods are X-ray, scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), and transient thermal analysis (TTA). However, they have different strengths and weaknesses with respect to materials and mechanical designs. This paper compares these NDT methods for different interconnect technologies, i.e., reflow soldering, adhesive, and sintered interconnection. While X-ray provided adequate results for soldered interfaces, inspection of adhesives and sintered interconnects was not possible. With SAM, evaluation of adhesives and sintered interconnects was also feasible, but quality depended strongly on the sample under test. TTA enabled sufficiently detailed results for all the interconnect applications. Automated TTA equipment, as the in-house developed tester used within this investigation, enabled measurement times compatible with SAM and X-ray. In the investigations, all methods revealed their pros and cons, and their selection has to depend on the sample under tests and the required analysis depth and data details. In the paper, guidelines are formulated for an appropriate decision on the NDT method depending on sample and requirements.}, language = {en} } @article{MathiasSchmiedGrossmann2020, author = {Mathias, Selvine George and Schmied, Sebastian and Großmann, Daniel}, title = {An investigation on database connections in OPC UA applications}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Procedia Computer Science}, number = {170}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1877-0509}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.132}, pages = {602 -- 609}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Open Platform Communications - Unified Architecture (OPC UA) as a communication protocol has been one of the front running IoT enablers in recent years. Many use cases in manufacturing domains demonstrate the vast inter-operability and cross-platform connectivity strengths of OPC UA. However, to consolidate its position in the IoT world, OPC UA needs to be able to bridge certain gaps, like interconnections across multiple database engines over different networks. This paper aims to investigate aggregation dynamics of OPC UA consisting of multiple database servers from a specific environment such as manufacturing. Prevailing databases over restricted networks such as production floors cannot be accessed by respective clients outside the system. In these cases, OPC UA services can provide an a selective but imperative view of data from these databases to the clients. The investigations in this paper are demonstrated with two different implementations of databases related to manufacturing with OPC UA. These applications show that using OPC UA as a means of connection and distribution of information from databases can be an effective solution to a common data view of all connections not necessarily of factory floor network.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WilmBertramMarzahletal.2021, author = {Wilm, Frauke and Bertram, Christof and Marzahl, Christian and Bartel, Alexander and Donovan, Taryn and Assenmacher, Charles-Antoine and Becker, Kathrin and Bennett, Mark and Corner, Sarah M. and Cossic, Brieuc and Denk, Daniela and Dettwiler, Martina and Garcia Gonzalez, Beatriz and Gurtner, Corinne and Heier, Annabelle and Lehmbecker, Annika and Merz, Sophie and Plog, Stephanie and Schmidt, Anja and Sebastian, Franziska and Smedley, Rebecca C. and Tecilla, Marco and Thaiwong, Tuddow and Breininger, Katharina and Kiupel, Matti and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert and Aubreville, Marc}, title = {Influence of inter-annotator variability on automatic mitotic figure assessment}, booktitle = {Bildverarbeitung f{\"u}r die Medizin 2021}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-33198-6}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33198-6_56}, pages = {241 -- 246}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{BhogarajuMokhtariContietal.2020, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Die-attach bonding for high temperature applications using thermal decomposition of copper(II) formate with polyethylene glycol}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Scripta Materialia}, number = {182}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-6462}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.02.045}, pages = {74 -- 80}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{SchmidBhogarajuHanssetal.2021, author = {Schmid, Maximilian and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Hanss, Alexander and Elger, Gordon}, title = {A new noise-suppression algorithm for transient thermal analysis in semiconductors over pulse superposition}, volume = {70}, pages = {6500409}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {New York}, issn = {0018-9456}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2020.3011818}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{KleinerSinghSchmidetal.2020, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Singh, Randeep and Schmid, Michael and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Elger, Gordon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Influence of heat pipe assisted terminal cooling on the thermal behavior of a large prismatic lithium-ion cell during fast charging in electric vehicles}, volume = {2021}, pages = {116328}, journal = {Applied Thermal Engineering}, number = {188}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1359-4311}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.116328}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{BhogarajuKotadiaContietal.2021, author = {Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Kotadia, Hiren R. and Conti, Fosca and Mauser, Armin and Rubenbauer, Thomas and Bruetting, Robert and Schneider-Ramelow, Martin and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Die-attach bonding with etched micro brass metal pigment flakes for high-power electronics packaging}, volume = {3}, journal = {ACS Applied Electronic Materials}, number = {10}, publisher = {ACS Publications}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2637-6113}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.1c00721}, pages = {4587 -- 4603}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{MokhtariContiSacconetal.2021, author = {Mokhtari, Omid and Conti, Fosca and Saccon, Rodolfo and Bhogaraju, Sri Krishna and Elger, Gordon}, title = {Formic acid and formate salts for chemical vapor deposition of copper on glass substrates at atmospheric pressure}, volume = {45}, journal = {New Journal of Chemistry}, number = {43}, publisher = {RSC}, address = {London}, issn = {1369-9261}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1039/D1NJ02476K}, pages = {20133 -- 20139}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{KleinerLechermannKomsiyskaetal.2021, author = {Kleiner, Jan and Lechermann, Lorenz and Komsiyska, Lidiya and Elger, Gordon and Endisch, Christian}, title = {Thermal behavior of intelligent automotive lithium-ion batteries}, volume = {2021}, pages = {102686}, journal = {Journal of energy storage}, subtitle = {operating strategies for adaptive thermal balancing by reconfiguration}, number = {40}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {2352-1538}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102686}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{SanchezSolisAxmannSchuldt2021, author = {S{\´a}nchez Solis, Lesly and Axmann, Bernhard and Schuldt, Tino}, title = {Vergleich von Methoden zur Auswahl Digitaler Technologien f{\"u}r KMU}, volume = {116}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb}, subtitle = {Welche Methoden zur Auswahl von Digitalen Technologien sind f{\"u}r kleine und mittlere Unternehmen am besten geeignet?}, number = {10}, publisher = {de Gruyter}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {2511-0896}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2021-0148}, pages = {735 -- 739}, year = {2021}, language = {de} } @article{BertramAubrevilleGurtneretal.2020, author = {Bertram, Christof and Aubreville, Marc and Gurtner, Corinne and Bartel, Alexander and Corner, Sarah M. and Dettwiler, Martina and Kershaw, Olivia and Noland, Erica L. and Schmidt, Anja and Sledge, Dodd G. and Smedley, Rebecca C. and Thaiwong, Tuddow and Kiupel, Matti and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert}, title = {Mitotic count in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours}, volume = {2020}, journal = {Journal of Comparative Pathology}, subtitle = {not accurate but reproducible}, number = {174}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London}, issn = {1532-3129}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2019.10.015}, pages = {143}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{DonovanMooreBertrametal.2021, author = {Donovan, Taryn and Moore, Frances M. and Bertram, Christof and Luong, Richard and Bolfa, Pompei and Klopfleisch, Robert and Tvedten, Harold and Salas, Elisa N. and Whitley, Derick and Aubreville, Marc and Meuten, Donald J.}, title = {Mitotic Figures - Normal, Atypical, and Imposters: A Guide to Identification}, volume = {58}, journal = {Veterinary pathology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {1544-2217}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985820980049}, pages = {243 -- 257}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{AubrevilleStoeveOetteretal.2019, author = {Aubreville, Marc and Stoeve, Maike and Oetter, Nicolai and Goncalves, Miguel and Knipfer, Christian and Neumann, Helmut and Bohr, Christopher and Stelzle, Florian and Maier, Andreas}, title = {Deep learning-based detection of motion artifacts in probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy images}, volume = {14}, journal = {International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin}, issn = {1861-6429}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11548-018-1836-1}, pages = {31 -- 42}, year = {2019}, language = {en} } @article{BertramAubrevilleMarzahletal.2019, author = {Bertram, Christof and Aubreville, Marc and Marzahl, Christian and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert}, title = {A large-scale dataset for mitotic figure assessment on whole slide images of canine cutaneous mast cell tumor}, volume = {6}, pages = {274}, journal = {Scientific data}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, issn = {2052-4463}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0290-4}, year = {2019}, abstract = {We introduce a novel, large-scale dataset for microscopy cell annotations. The dataset includes 32 whole slide images (WSI) of canine cutaneous mast cell tumors, selected to include both low grade cases as well as high grade cases. The slides have been completely annotated for mitotic figures and we provide secondary annotations for neoplastic mast cells, inflammatory granulocytes, and mitotic figure look-alikes. Additionally to a blinded two-expert manual annotation with consensus, we provide an algorithm-aided dataset, where potentially missed mitotic figures were detected by a deep neural network and subsequently assessed by two human experts. We included 262,481 annotations in total, out of which 44,880 represent mitotic figures. For algorithmic validation, we used a customized RetinaNet approach, followed by a cell classification network. We find F1-Scores of 0.786 and 0.820 for the manually labelled and the algorithm-aided dataset, respectively. The dataset provides, for the first time, WSIs completely annotated for mitotic figures and thus enables assessment of mitosis detection algorithms on complete WSIs as well as region of interest detection algorithms.}, language = {en} } @article{GoncalvesAubrevilleMuelleretal.2019, author = {Goncalves, Miguel and Aubreville, Marc and M{\"u}ller, Sarina K. and Sievert, Matti and Maier, Andreas and Iro, Heinrich and Bohr, Christopher}, title = {Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in detecting malignant lesions of vocal folds}, volume = {39}, journal = {ACTA Otorhinolaryngologica Italica}, number = {6}, publisher = {Pacini}, address = {Pisa}, issn = {1827-675X}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.14639/0392-100X-2121}, pages = {389 -- 395}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an innovative technique for real-time, non-invasive analysis of the surface epithelium. While being successfully used for diagnosis by experts, this method has not yet been established in clinical routine, partly due to the lack of standards and criteria for classifying various lesions. Our aim was to determine the diagnostic value and inter-rater reliability of CLE in detecting malignant lesions of the vocal cords. 58 video sequences were extracted from the probe-based CLE (GastroFlex probe with a Cellvizio® laser system) examinations of 3 patients with squamous cell carcinomas and 4 patients with benign alterations of the vocal folds. Two ENT surgeons, who were blinded to the histological result, were asked to identify the sequences representing a carcinoma. We showed an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 91.38-96.55\%, 100\%, 87.8-95.2\%, 77.27-89.47\% and 100\%, respectively, with an inter-rater reliability of k = 0.89 ("almost perfect agreement"). Probe-based CLE is a promising method for diagnosis and assessment of vocal fold lesions in vivo. Our results suggest that, with adequate training, the diagnostic value of this technique can be improved and potentially provide important information during oncological surgery.}, language = {en} } @article{BertramAubrevilleGurtneretal.2020, author = {Bertram, Christof and Aubreville, Marc and Gurtner, Corinne and Bartel, Alexander and Corner, Sarah M. and Dettwiler, Martina and Kershaw, Olivia and Noland, Erica L. and Schmidt, Anja and Sledge, Dodd G. and Smedley, Rebecca C. and Thaiwong, Tuddow and Kiupel, Matti and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert}, title = {Computerized Calculation of Mitotic Count Distribution in Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumor Sections: Mitotic Count Is Area Dependent}, volume = {57}, journal = {Veterinary Pathology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {London}, issn = {1544-2217}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1177/0300985819890686}, pages = {214 -- 226}, year = {2020}, language = {en} } @article{AubrevilleBertramMarzahletal.2020, author = {Aubreville, Marc and Bertram, Christof and Marzahl, Christian and Gurtner, Corinne and Dettwiler, Martina and Schmidt, Anja and Bartenschlager, Florian and Merz, Sophie and Fragoso-Garcia, Marco and Kershaw, Olivia and Klopfleisch, Robert and Maier, Andreas}, title = {Deep learning algorithms out-perform veterinary pathologists in detecting the mitotically most active tumor region}, volume = {10}, pages = {16447}, journal = {Scientific reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73246-2}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Manual count of mitotic figures, which is determined in the tumor region with the highest mitotic activity, is a key parameter of most tumor grading schemes. It can be, however, strongly dependent on the area selection due to uneven mitotic figure distribution in the tumor section. We aimed to assess the question, how significantly the area selection could impact the mitotic count, which has a known high inter-rater disagreement. On a data set of 32 whole slide images of H\&E-stained canine cutaneous mast cell tumor, fully annotated for mitotic figures, we asked eight veterinary pathologists (five board-certified, three in training) to select a field of interest for the mitotic count. To assess the potential difference on the mitotic count, we compared the mitotic count of the selected regions to the overall distribution on the slide. Additionally, we evaluated three deep learning-based methods for the assessment of highest mitotic density: In one approach, the model would directly try to predict the mitotic count for the presented image patches as a regression task. The second method aims at deriving a segmentation mask for mitotic figures, which is then used to obtain a mitotic density. Finally, we evaluated a two-stage object-detection pipeline based on state-of-the-art architectures to identify individual mitotic figures. We found that the predictions by all models were, on average, better than those of the experts. The two-stage object detector performed best and outperformed most of the human pathologists on the majority of tumor cases. The correlation between the predicted and the ground truth mitotic count was also best for this approach (0.963-0.979). Further, we found considerable differences in position selection between pathologists, which could partially explain the high variance that has been reported for the manual mitotic count. To achieve better inter-rater agreement, we propose to use a computer-based area selection for support of the pathologist in the manual mitotic count.}, language = {en} } @article{MarzahlAubrevilleBertrametal.2020, author = {Marzahl, Christian and Aubreville, Marc and Bertram, Christof and Stayt, Jason and Jasensky, Anne-Katherine and Bartenschlager, Florian and Fragoso-Garcia, Marco and Barton, Ann K. and Elsemann, Svenja and Jabari, Samir and Krauth, Jens and Madhu, Prathmesh and Voigt, J{\"o}rn and Hill, Jenny and Klopfleisch, Robert and Maier, Andreas}, title = {Deep Learning-based quantification of pulmonary hemosiderophages in cytology slides}, volume = {10}, pages = {9795}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-65958-2}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) is a common condition in sport horses with negative impact on performance. Cytology of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by use of a scoring system is considered the most sensitive diagnostic method. Macrophages are classified depending on the degree of cytoplasmic hemosiderin content. The current gold standard is manual grading, which is however monotonous and time-consuming. We evaluated state-of-the-art deep learning-based methods for single cell macrophage classification and compared them against the performance of nine cytology experts and evaluated inter- and intra-observer variability. Additionally, we evaluated object detection methods on a novel data set of 17 completely annotated cytology whole slide images (WSI) containing 78,047 hemosiderophages. Our deep learning-based approach reached a concordance of 0.85, partially exceeding human expert concordance (0.68 to 0.86, mean of 0.73, SD of 0.04). Intra-observer variability was high (0.68 to 0.88) and inter-observer concordance was moderate (Fleiss' kappa = 0.67). Our object detection approach has a mean average precision of 0.66 over the five classes from the whole slide gigapixel image and a computation time of below two minutes. To mitigate the high inter- and intra-rater variability, we propose our automated object detection pipeline, enabling accurate, reproducible and quick EIPH scoring in WSI.}, language = {en} } @article{AubrevilleBertramDonovanetal.2020, author = {Aubreville, Marc and Bertram, Christof and Donovan, Taryn and Marzahl, Christian and Maier, Andreas and Klopfleisch, Robert}, title = {A completely annotated whole slide image dataset of canine breast cancer to aid human breast cancer research}, volume = {7}, pages = {417}, journal = {Scientific data}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {London}, issn = {2052-4463}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00756-z}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Canine mammary carcinoma (CMC) has been used as a model to investigate the pathogenesis of human breast cancer and the same grading scheme is commonly used to assess tumor malignancy in both. One key component of this grading scheme is the density of mitotic figures (MF). Current publicly available datasets on human breast cancer only provide annotations for small subsets of whole slide images (WSIs). We present a novel dataset of 21 WSIs of CMC completely annotated for MF. For this, a pathologist screened all WSIs for potential MF and structures with a similar appearance. A second expert blindly assigned labels, and for non-matching labels, a third expert assigned the final labels. Additionally, we used machine learning to identify previously undetected MF. Finally, we performed representation learning and two-dimensional projection to further increase the consistency of the annotations. Our dataset consists of 13,907 MF and 36,379 hard negatives. We achieved a mean F1-score of 0.791 on the test set and of up to 0.696 on a human breast cancer dataset.}, language = {en} } @article{SievertOetterAubrevilleetal.2021, author = {Sievert, Matti and Oetter, Nicolai and Aubreville, Marc and Stelzle, Florian and Maier, Andreas and Eckstein, Markus and Mantsopoulos, Konstantinos and Gostian, Antoniu-Oreste and M{\"u}ller, Sarina K. and Koch, Michael and Agaimy, Abbas and Iro, Heinrich and Goncalves, Miguel}, title = {Feasibility of intraoperative assessment of safe surgical margins during laryngectomy with confocal laser endomicroscopy}, volume = {48}, journal = {Auris Nasus Larynx}, subtitle = {a pilot study}, number = {4}, publisher = {Elsevier Science}, address = {Amsterdam}, issn = {1879-1476}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2021.01.005}, pages = {764 -- 769}, year = {2021}, language = {en} }