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Few-femtosecond resolved imaging of laser-driven nanoplasma expansion

  • The free expansion of a planar plasma surface is a fundamental non-equilibrium process relevant for various fields but as-yet experimentally still difficult to capture. The significance of the associated spatiotemporal plasma motion ranges from astrophysics and controlled fusion to laser machining, surface high-harmonic generation, plasma mirrors, and laser-driven particle acceleration. Here, we show that x-ray coherent diffractive imaging can surpass existing approaches and enables the quantitative real-time analysis of the sudden free expansion of laser-heated nanoplasmas. For laser-ionized SiO2 nanospheres, we resolve the formation of the emerging nearly self-similar plasma profile evolution and expose the so far inaccessible shell-wise expansion dynamics including the associated startup delay and rarefaction front velocity. Our results establish time-resolved diffractive imaging as an accurate quantitative diagnostic platform for tracing and characterizing plasma expansion and indicate the possibility to resolve various laser-driven processes including shock formation and wave-breaking phenomena with unprecedented resolution.

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Metadaten
Author:C Peltz, J A Powell, P Rupp, A Summers, T Gorkhover, M Gallei, I Halfpap, E Antonsson, B Langer, C Trallero-Herrero, C Graf, D Ray, Q Liu, T Osipov, M Bucher, K Ferguson, S Möller, S Zherebtsov, D Rolles, E Rühl, G Coslovich, R N Coffee, C Bostedt, A Rudenko, M F Kling, T Fennel
URN:urn:nbn:de:hebis:ds114-opus4-2945
DOI:https://doi.org/10.48444/h_docs-pub-294
ISSN:1367-2630
Parent Title (English):New Journal of Physics
Publisher:IOP Publishing
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Year of Completion:2022
Publishing Institution:Hochschule Darmstadt
Release Date:2022/05/30
Tag:coherent diffractive imaging; nanoplasma expansion; strong-field ionization; time-resolved diffraction
GND Keyword:-
Volume:24
Issue:4
Note:
Originalveröffentlichung in New Journal of Physics 2022, 4,043024 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac5e86
Institutes:Chemie- und Biotechnologie
OpenAIRE:OpenAIRE
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International