Internationales Technisches Vertriebsmanagement (Bachelor)
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Obwohl das organische Molekül Dopamin (3,4-Dihydroxyphenethylamin) allgemein eher als „Glückshormon“ bekannt ist, sind dünne Schichten aus Polydopamin heute zunehmend auch für innovative technische Anwendungen von Interesse. Ein Beispiel sind reflexionsverstärkende Beschichtungen für astronomische Röntgenspiegel. Bei der Herstellung durch eine Tauchbeschichtung wachsen die selbstorganisierenden Polydopamin-Schichten in Einzel- oder Mehrfach-Moleküllagen mit reproduzierbaren Dicken von wenigen Nanometern auf. Mit der Methode der spektroskopischen Ellipsometrie wurde die dielektrische Funktion von Polydopamin vom ultravioletten bis zum nahen infraroten Spektralbereich zunächst bei Modellschichten ausreichender Dicke vermessen. Über ein optisches Modell wurden diese Daten dann zur Bestimmung der Schichtdicken deutlich dünnerer Polydopamin-Schichten verwendet. Das Ergebnis dieser Studie ermöglicht ein besseres Verständnis des Zusammenhangs von Schichtdicken und Schichteigenschaften in Abhängigkeit von den gewählten Prozessparametern. Darüber hinaus wird ein Ausblick auf potentielle weitere technische Anwendungen des interessanten bionischen Materials Polydopamin gegeben.
Ellipsometrical characterization of poly-dopamine layers considered for technical applications
(2024)
Although the organic molecule dopamine (3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is commonly known as the “hormone of happiness”, thin films of poly-dopamine also have interesting technical properties. When produced by dip coating, the self-organizing layers grow in a reproducible thickness of single or multiple molecule monolayers of a few nanometer thickness only. In this work, we introduce a method of determining the layer thickness of poly-dopamine on mirrors for astronomical X-ray telescopes. This work is based on spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements and involves the development of an optical model for the poly-dopamine layers including the dielectric function. Thereby the complex refractive index of the produced layers was determined, covering the range from the ultraviolet to the near infrared spectral region. These measurement results and the corresponding technical challenges are presented in this contribution. Furthermore, an outlook to potential technical applications of this interesting material is given and poly-dopamine layers will make scientist and engineers hopefully happy as an innovative and fascinating technical solution for the future.
Das Deutsche Röntgen-Museum in Remscheid ist eine weltweit einzigartige Institution, die das Leben und Werk des ersten Nobelpreisträgers Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen und die Auswirkungen seiner Entdeckung der Röntgenstrahlung erforscht und dokumentiert. Als integraler Bestandteil des Museums bietet das Museumslabor RöLab die Möglichkeit, durch eigene Experimente praktische Erfahrungen rund um Röntgenstrahlung, Optik und Technik zu sammeln. Im Rahmen eines gemeinsamen Entwicklungsprojekts konzipieren Studierende der Technischen Hochschule Aschaffenburg derzeit ein Besucherexperiment zur astronomischen Röntgenoptik für das Museumslabor. Optische Experimente mit sichtbarem Licht verdeutlichen das Fokussierungsprinzip von Röntgenteleskopen, z.B. für Weitwinkeloptiken nach dem Lobster-Eye Prinzip. Auf Schautafeln werden Optiken verschiedener Typen von Teleskopen mit Begleittexten und zugehörigen Abbildungen erläutert sowie moderne Röntgenobservatorien wie CHANDRA, XMM-Newton und eROSITA übersichtlich dargestellt. Das neue Besucherexperiment soll nach seiner Realisierung junge Forscherinnen und Forscher für die faszinierende Welt der Röntgenoptik und der Röntgenastronomie begeistern.
Reflective coatings for astronomical X-ray optics were developed at the “Aschaffenburg Competence Center for Astronomical and Space Instrumentation” (ACCASI) since several years. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation between the Technical University of Aschaffenburg and the Czech Technical University of Prague, now two mechanically identical telescopes were built. One telescope optic was equipped with conventional gold-coated mirrors, manufactured by the Czech project partners. The 34 X-ray mirrors of the second telescope use an innovative coating system made of chromium and iridium, which was applied at the Aschaffenburg coating laboratory. Both telescopes are designed according to the bionic principle of a reflecting lobster eye. The optics works with two consecutive reflections on mutually perpendicular mirror surfaces. This enables a large field of view with many square degrees in diameter, which, however, comes at the price of a reduced angular resolution. An extensive X-ray characterization of these telescopes was carried out at the PANTER test facility of MPE, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. Furthermore, the used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well and this functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign was done to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible sky and the imaging properties for star constellations. Such functional tests by observing astronomical objects of the visible sky may simplify and accelerate the development of X-ray telescopes for satellite applications.
Progress in satellite control engineering enables tandem flight arrangements of mini-satellites in future space missions. Cost effective CubeSat technologies offer an interesting possibility for space-born telescope payloads. Two small satellites will carry the telescope optics and the detector system, respectively. Related formation flight requirements could be transferred from the NetSat-Mission.
Das RöLab versteht sich als ein überregionales, außerschulisches Bildungsangebot, das Begeisterung für Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften, Medizin und Medizintechnik an unterschiedliche Zielgruppen vermittelt und damit einen Beitrag zur Allgemeinbildung und MINT-Förderung leistet. Das didaktische Konzept nimmt den „Hands-on-Science“ Gedanken stringent auf, weckt den Forschergeist und ermöglicht es den Lernenden, Unsichtbares zu erkunden.
2023 jährte sich der Todestag von Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen zum einhundertsten Mal. Im Jahr 1895 entdeckte er eine neue Art von Strahlung, die feste Materialien durchdringen kann. 1901 erhielt er für diese Entdeckung den ersten Nobelpreis für Physik. Das Deutsche Röntgen-Museum erforscht und dokumentiert das Leben und Werk von W. C. Röntgen und die Auswirkungen seiner Entdeckung.
Conventional mining might not be sufficient to support the growth of humankind which is heavily dependent upon rare materials in technical applications. Asteroid mining might be an answer, with Near-Earth objects (NEOs) being the first targets. However, the first step in the asteroid mining cascade is to probe reachable
asteroids. Moreover, to identify the best candidates for further activities hundreds to thousands of asteroids must be screened. The fast progressing development of CubeSats might allow the space community to do the initial in-situ screening in a minimalistical and economical manner. Additionally, formation flying might enable the miniaturization of optical payloads for asteroid composition analysis in CubeSats. The recent developments in formation flying are summarised in this study and the possibility of utilizing formation flying CubeSats for
asteroid surveillance explored.
Starting in 1951, the 50th anniversary of the award of the first Nobel Prize for physics to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, the Lord Mayor of the German City of Remscheid has given out Röntgen Medals. The Röntgen Medal annually honours
scientists who "in the broadest sense have made a special contribution to the progress and dissemination of X-ray
discoveries in the theoretical and applied sciences". The Röntgen Medal has become highly recognized in the scientific world. To date, more than one hundred excellent scientists have received the honour. Through their chronology, this
contribution presents a "Who’s Who" of X-ray science and provides selected insights into their scientific work; with the fields of X-ray optics and X-ray astronomy receiving special focus.
In 1895, Professor Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen detected a new type of radiation that was able to penetrate solid materials, which he called X-rays. In 1901 Röntgen received the first Nobel Prize in physics in honour of this ground breaking
discovery. The Deutsches Röntgen-Museum (DRM) in Remscheid (Germany) is the institution that uniquely and
comprehensively explores and documents the life and work of W. C. Röntgen and the impact of his discovery. The DRM’s
location in Remscheid is not coincidental, with Röntgen’s birthplace only a short walk away from the exhibits. Every visit to the museum amounts to a unique expedition through the worlds of medicine, science and technology. The museum’s emphasis on the diversity of Röntgen’s invention by a multilingual, multi-medial approach enables all visitors to make their own personal discoveries. The Deutsches Röntgen-Museum in Remscheid is a must-see for X-ray scientists from anywhere in the world. This contribution provides an insight into the history of X-rays and offers a guided tour of the Deutsches Röntgen-Museum and its exhibits.