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Starting in 1951, on the 50th anniversary of the award of the first Nobel Prize for physics
to Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, the Lord Mayor of the German city of Remscheid has annually awarded
Röntgen Medals to scientists who "in the broadest sense have made a special contribution to the
progress and dissemination of X-ray discoveries in the theoretical and applied sciences". The
Röntgen Medal has become highly recognized in the scientific world. To date, more than one
hundred scientists have received this honour. Through their chronology, this contribution presents a
"Who’s Who" of X-ray science and provides selected insights into their scientific work; with special
focus on the fields of X-ray optics and X-ray astronomy.
This cover image outlines the fabrication method of a polymer planar Bragg grating electrified via femtosecond laser reductive sintering of CuO nanoparticles (see article number 2002203 by Stefan Kefer and co-workers). Based on this sophisticated methodology, bulk cyclic olefin copolymer substrates can be equipped with integrated photonic structures comprising a waveguide as well as a Bragg grating. Its reflective characteristics can be efficiently tuned by means of the subsequently generated Cu conducting path, whereas the applied femtosecond laser process enables an almost limitless degree of freedom towards conducting path geometries.
MEMS-based Micro-Heaters, in combination with thin-film temperature sensors, are often used for providing the necessary amount of thermal energy for sensor-applications. In this work, we propose an integrated micro-heater as actuator for fusion bonding of polymers, which can optimize the production process of electret-based micro-energy-harvesters. By adjusting the design parameters of thermoforming-molds, we can implement thin-film micro-heaters that are capable of generating temperatures of above 300°C for numerous cycles. Utilizing the integrated micro-heater allows local fusion bonding of Fluoroethylenepropylene (Teflon-FEP) foils on a micrometer-scale while reducing unnecessary thermal stress. This is beneficial for the longevity of the micro-energy-harvesters, while simultaneously improving its performance.
Nickel-iron (NiFe) nanowires with a high contentof nickel and large aspect-ratio show promising characteris-tics for applications in modern micro-systems. In this study,nanowires with well-controlled diameter, height and compo-sition are fabricated using nanoporous poly-carbonate (PC)and anodized aluminum-oxide (AAO) membranes. Differ-ences between potentiostatic and pulsed deposition methodswere studied with regard to their flexibility and a recommen-dation for the best use of the individual types is given. Withthe application of the presented processes, future technolo-gies as magnetic energy-harvesting or nano-fluxgate sensorscan be improved.
Due to the recent progress in satellite control engineering, tandem flight arrangements of mini-satellites are currently in discussion and
under consideration for future space missions. CubeSat technologies offer an interesting possibility for space-born telescope payloads
based on this approach. In such a scenario, two small satellites will fly at a constant distance of a few meters up to 100 meters. Thereby,
the front satellite will carry the telescope optics and the second satellite the detector system. Related formation flight requirements were
addressed in the NetSat-Mission, composed of four 3U-CubeSats, launched 2020. Space technology challenges concern in particular orbit
control by an appropriate propulsion system as well as precision attitude pointing towards the joint target, and could be transferred from the
NetSat-mission to the proposed Tandem Mission. This will allow space-based telescopes with a long focal length even placed on board of
small or miniature CubeSat-type satellites. Cost effective Kirkpatrick-Baez type X-ray telescopes represent an important application here as
they have longer focal lengths compared to previous astronomical observatories using Wolter I type X-ray mirrors.
Within the project SLOBATCO (Slovak-Bavarian Telescope Collaboration) the Astronomical Institute of the
Slovak Academy of Sciences and Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences collaborate in the
development and commissioning of the new Ø1.3 m astronomical telescope and the corresponding scientific
instrumentation. The project is funded by the Bavarian Academic Center for Central, Eastern and
Southeastern Europe (BAYHOST). Technical work packages are targeting filter wheel software for the VIS
camera, additional IR filters, and an upgrade of the mirror coating facility by additional sputtering equipment.
Understanding the complexity of biological neural
networks like the human brain is one of the scientific
challenges of our century. The organization of the brain
can be described at different levels, ranging from small neural
networks to entire brain regions. Existing methods for
the description of functionally or effective connectivity are
based on the analysis of relations between the activities of
different neural units by detecting correlations or information
flow. This is a crucial step in understanding neural disorders
like Alzheimer’s disease and their causative factors.
To evaluate these estimation methods, it is necessary to refer
to a neural network with known connectivity, which is
typically unknown for natural biological neural networks.
Therefore, network simulations, also in silico, are available.
In this work, the in silico simulation of large scale neural
networks is established and the influence of different topologies
on the generated patterns of neuronal signals is investigated.
The goal is to develop standard evaluation methods
for neurocomputational algorithms with a realistic large
scale model to enable benchmarking and comparability of
different studies.
Since 2015, the Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (AI SAS) is operating a modern EU-funded reflecting telescope with a 130 cm primary mirror, located in the Skalnaté Pleso Observatory in the Tatra Mountains at an altitude of 1783 m. In 2018, the funding agency BAYHOST granted the proposed project SLOBATCO to Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences. The cooperation project pursues the development of astronomical NIR filters, which are designed for the atmospheric transmission windows in the infrared spectral range. In order to avoid a complex cryogenic filter wheel for the NIR CCD camera operated at low temperatures, the observations should be realized through a segmented filter using precise shifts of the image field. The bi-national cooperation project and the specification of the infrared filter combination are presented in this poster contribution.
Poster