TY - GEN A1 - Kaps, Rolf Ulrich T1 - Fluktuationskennzahlen und die liebe Mathematik N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich einem in der Literatur wenig diskutiertem Aspekt: der Tauglichkeit verschiedener Berechnungsweisen von Fluktuationskennzahlen, d. h. vor allem unter Betrachtung mathematischer Gesichtspunkte. Dazu werden vier unterschiedliche Berechnungsweisen betrachtet: 1) die Basisformel, 2) die Schlüter-Formel, 3) die ZVEI-Formel und 4) die BDA-Formel. KW - Personalkennzahl Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaps, Rolf Ulrich T1 - Caps : die Career Position Score zur Vergleichbarmachung von Positionen in unterschiedlichen Hierarchien N2 - Angesichts der starken Effekte, die eine von der allgemeinen bzw. vorgeschriebenen Vorgehensweise abweichende Zuordnung der Hierarchiestufen zu den Management-ebenen haben kann, wäre ein Instrument wünschenswert, dass zumindest Indizien für eine solche abweichende Vorgehensweise liefern kann. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden entsprechende Kennzahlen entworfen und deren Tauglichkeit diskutiert. KW - Betriebliche Kennzahl Y1 - 2016 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weithmann, Sabrina A1 - Luedtke, Susann ED - Tichauer, Peter T1 - Erneuerung und Innovation statt Empörung: Ideen und Lösungen für Normung mit China JF - China Insights Wirtschaftsmagazin N2 - Normung galt lange als ein rein technisches Thema für ausgewiesene Spezialisten. Neuerdings erhält das Thema zusätzliche Aufmerksamkeit durch Vertreter aus industrie- und geopolitischen Fachkreisen, insbesondere aufgrund des Entwicklungsprojekts zur Seidenstraße. Die Autorinnen skizzieren den Erneuerungsbedarf für die Normungswelt und fordern mehr Innovation, um den wachsenden Herausforderungen in der internationalen Normung entgegen zu treten. KW - Normung KW - China KW - deviating technical standards KW - Seidenstrasse KW - Technische Innovation KW - Normung KW - China Y1 - 2022 UR - http://files.eyunhan.com/eweb_upload/assets/pdf/generic/web/viewer.html?file=pdf/1646878080418307e1253-54b1-4adb-8c3e-4d468c872da820220310100800418.pdf VL - 2022 IS - 01-2022 SP - 10 EP - 13 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weithmann, Sabrina T1 - Standardization in China: Electric Vehicle Technology as Driver for Change in China’s Automotive Standardization JF - International Journal of Standardization Research (IJSR) N2 - Electric vehicle (EV) development in China emerged with the 863 program (1986) for high technologies and has received support since the 10th Five Year Plan. While standards were of no particular importance in the early years of EV development, standards have increasingly become subject to policies and programs. For instance, the promotion of ‘indigenous' or ‘home-grown' innovation is perceived as means to develop domestic standards and contribute to international standards. Alongside this target, the Chinese government mandated the development of an EV standardization roadmap to serve as a guideline for optimizing standardization work, promoting technical innovation and large-scale industrialization. It was even considered that EV standardization was a novel standard field that has the potential to secure China a forerunner position in technological development as well as international standardization, regardless of standard-setting practices in the conventional automotive sector. Against this background, this paper examines the differences in system set-up and processes of standardization for the traditional automotive and the electric vehicles sector. While conventional automotive standardization is limited to a single sector with the Ministry of Industry of Information Technology and the China Automotive Technology and Research Centre in charge, electric vehicles require the participation of stakeholders from other sectors. Therefore, the negative influence from the conventional decentralized automotive sector on the development of common nationwide standards like the dynamics between national, regional and local actors cannot be deprived. Additionally, this paper also highlights learnings from EV standardization that might set positive impulses for conventional EV standardizations. KW - China KW - Standardization KW - electric vehicles KW - China KW - Elektrofahrzeug KW - Standardisierung Y1 - 2016 VL - 2016 IS - 14 (2) SP - 20 EP - 32 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weithmann, Sabrina T1 - Die Modernisierung des chinesischen Normungssystems T2 - Normungs- und Standardisierungsstrategien in China und Indien - Im Spannungsfeld von Industrie- und Geopolitik und Implikationen für Europa N2 - Das chinesische Normungssystem unterliegt seit Gründung der Volksrepublik 1949 einem kontinuierlichen Wandel. Mit der wirtschaftlichen Öffnung und wachsender Bedeutung am internationalen Handel wurde jedoch eine umfangreichere Modernisierung des chinesischen Normungssystems unausweichlich. Nachdem erste Versuche der Erneuerung des Normungssystems im Hauruckverfahren wenig Erfolg zeigten, geht China seit 2015 nun im Rahmen seiner Reformpläne für das Normungssystem einem ganzheitlicheren Ansatz nach. Einem Ansatz, der den Anforderungen und Ansprüchen einer führenden Wirtschaftsmacht in einem globalen Markt entspricht. Im Vergleich zu anderen führenden Normungsmächten wie Europa oder die USA gilt China als Nachzügler in der internationalen Normung. Das bietet jedoch den Vorteil, dass China aus den Erfahrungen anderer Nationen lernen und selbst ein Normungssystem etablieren kann, welches die besten Aspekte anderer Systeme aufgreift und gleichzeitig Chinas wirtschaftlichem Führungsanspruch gerecht wird. KW - Normung KW - Standardisierung KW - China KW - Normung KW - Standardisierung KW - China KW - Innovation KW - Standardization Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/978-3-658-38204-9_8.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38204-9_8 SP - 145 EP - 154 CY - Springer Gabler Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weithmann, Sabrina A1 - Luedtke, Susann T1 - Evaluating the impact of deviating technical standards on business processes, trade and innovation JF - Journal of Standardisation N2 - Surrounding the increasingly intense discussions about the emergence of new global standardization regimes in context of China’s rise as a dominant standardization power, there has been much talk about countries purposefully using deviating national standards to impose trade barriers. The discussion of whether and to what degree technical standards deviate from international standards and how this affects business, trade, innovation and the standard system is of global relevance. As research about the impact of deviating technical standards is still strongly underrepresented in the academic community, this research analyses the different “degrees” of deviation and the respective impact of minor or negligible deviation and strong deviation on businesses trading in a global context. By using a mixed research method based on literature review, analysis of standard documents and semi-structured interviews, this study discusses peculiarities and challenges associated with deviating technical standards. This is of relevance with regards to international trade and especially trade with countries that became increasingly important players in the international standardization regime. Our research will therefore add further insights to a better understanding of the close linkage between economic growth and standardization. This paper further highlights how deviating technical standards impact companies around the globe and how these companies could use a newly developed risk indicator to not only engage in the standard game but also to better assess consequences. KW - Normung KW - standardization KW - deviation KW - technical standard KW - deviating technical standards KW - China KW - Normung Y1 - 2023 UR - https://journals.open.tudelft.nl/jos/article/view/6898 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18757/jos.2023.6898 VL - 2023 IS - Vol. 2 SP - 1 EP - 28 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Vertrauen in Künstliche Intelligenz BT - eine multi-perspektivische Betrachtung N2 - Der vorliegende Band markiert einen initialen Schritt zur umfassenden Erörterung des Themenfelds ‚Vertrauen in KI‘ aus vielfältigen Blickwinkeln. Dabei wird eine Herangehensweise sowohl aus wirtschafts- und sozialwissenschaftlicher als auch aus informationstechnischer Perspektive gewählt, die zudem interdisziplinäre Aspekte einbezieht. Insgesamt präsentiert der Band fünfzehn Beiträge von 25 renommierten Autorinnen und Autoren, die ihre Expertise aus vierzehn unterschiedlichen Einrichtungen einbringen. Ziel dieser Debatten ist es, Lernende, Lehrende, Forschende sowie Entscheidungsträgerinnen und -träger aus Politik und Wirtschaft dazu zu befähigen, auf Basis von Fakten eine fundierte Meinung zu bilden. Auf dieser Grundlage sollen sie in der Lage sein, gut durchdachte persönliche Entscheidungen im Umgang mit KI zu treffen. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-658-43816-6 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43816-6 PB - Springer Vieweg ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schork, Sabrina ED - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Future Skills an Hochschulen: Ein Spannungsfeld? BT - Konzepte, Erwartungen und Praxisbeispiele in Studium und Lehre N2 - Das Buch richtet sich an Hochschullehrende, die Future Skills verstehen und vermitteln möchten. Ziel ist eine präzise Definition dieser Kompetenzen, abgeleitet aus etablierten Frameworks, die Future Skills als essentiell für eine sich wandelnde Welt beschreiben. Es beleuchtet die Aufgaben der Hochschulen und unterschiedliche Perspektiven von Lehrenden und Studierenden. Projekte an verschiedenen Hochschulen bieten Einblicke in die praktischen Herausforderungen und Erkenntnisse. Ein unverzichtbarer Leitfaden für die aktive Gestaltung von Lehre und Hochschulentwicklung. KW - Hochschulunterricht KW - Hochschuldidaktik Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.beltz.de/fachmedien/erziehungswissenschaft/produkte/details/54002-future-skills-an-hochschulen-ein-spannungsfeld.html SN - 978-3-7799-8762-8 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina ED - Julia, Bentz ED - Jelena Ristić, Trajković T1 - Sustainable Business Model Canvas BT - For Imagining, Designing and Teaching Regenerative Futures T2 - Creative Methods Toolkid N2 - Imagining, designing and teaching regenerative futures is challenging. Educators often lack approaches that allow them to address the complexities of global challenges through new narratives, which make space for the imagination of desirable futures. Commonly in education, we retell the story of an apocalyptic future when speaking about global challenges such as biodiversity degradation and climate change. This narrative, which focuses on the risks and dangers of global environmental change, is built on the assumption that the induced fear might lead to action. This toolkit supports educators who wish to follow a different route. It is based on the assumption that “we can’t create what we cannot imagine” (quote by Lucile Clifton). Consequently, imagining, designing, and teaching regenerative futures is the basis and starting point for actualizing them. The beginning of fundamental change is often hard to track because it first takes place in our minds. Visible, large-scale change arises from invisible, wild ideas and imaginations. According to the philosopher and educator John Dewey, imagination is “the ability to look at things as if they could be otherwise”. This ability to ask “what if?” is central to envisioning and enacting better lives. The lack of broad-scale action towards regenerative ways of living can be seen as a lack of imagination to create shared visions of an alternative future. Collectively envisioning desirable futures provides the motivation and guidance for change, or as the poet Rainer Maria Rilke put it: “the future enters into us, in order to transform itself in us, long before it happens.” This toolkit introduces a broad variety of creative and arts-based methods for regeneration and transformation that can be used in various educational settings. It harnesses the power of creative and arts-based practices, which are increasingly seen as a means of expanding future imaginaries and supporting the development of new scenarios of transformative change. The toolkit was developed within the COST Action SHiFT Social Sciences and Humanities for social transformation and climate change as an initiative of Working Group 3: Creative Practices and Outreach. It comprises a selection of 68 creative methods brought together in a collaborative effort by 124 authors from 31 countries and 6 continents. Its intention is to comprise a valuable resource for educators, teachers, lecturers, community workers, and change-makers who are aiming to empower their learners while providing competencies in regenerative design, climate action, futures thinking, human-nature connection, wellbeing and community engagement. This toolkit is more than a collection of methods but a call to action and a comprehensive resource developed through the synergistic efforts of contributors worldwide. KW - Hochschulunterricht KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - SN - 978-972-9347-64-1 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14000111 VL - 2024 SP - 239 EP - 242 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schork, Sabrina A1 - Özdemir-Kaluk, Dilan A1 - Zerey, Cudi ED - Chen, Ja-Shen T1 - Understanding Innovation and Sustainability in Digital Organizations: A Mixed-Method Approach JF - Sustainability N2 - In recent years, organizations have increasingly turned to digital transformation (D) to drive innovation (I) and sustainability (S). However, the rapid growth of studies on this topic, particularly since 2019, has made it challenging to clearly define these concepts, operationalize their constructs, and understand their positive organizational impacts. This article addresses these gaps through a systematic literature review (SLR) that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis. This study begins with a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 3099 articles published between 2010 and 2023 in the Scopus database containing the terms “digital,” “innovation,” and “sustainability” (or “sustainable”). It then covers a detailed qualitative review of 20 high-quality articles from VHB-JOURQUAL-C-ranked journals or higher. By employing an inductive–deductive approach, the authors identify consistent and conflicting definitions, diverse constructs for each D-I-S concept, and numerous positive organizational effects. This article provides a structured overview of existing D-I-S definitions and introduces a model to distinguish environmental, organizational, and solution levels. Additionally, it presents a visual framework of the direct and mediated positive effects of D-I-S in organizations. Overall, these insights underscore the critical role of digital transformation in advancing innovation and sustainability, offering valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners alike. KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Digitalisierung Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020415 VL - 2024 IS - 17 SP - 415 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - GenAI as a collaborative creativity booster for innovation N2 - GenAI has the potential to enhance individual creativity but may also reduce the diversity of collective content. When combined with human interaction, GenAI can lead to more creative outcomes. This is particularly relevant in collaborative work. KW - Innovationsmanagement KW - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2024 UR - https://zenodo.org/records/13281421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13281421 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - From Data to Innovation T2 - XXXV ISPIM Innovation Conference N2 - Data can be the source of innovation. Data can help to analyse the constitution of the people involved in the innovation process and to give them recommendations along the innovation process to increase their innovation performance, productivity in individual and group work and to optimise the quality of the results. The article proposes a long-term study in which the innovation potential of young adults in secondary schools, universities and companies is continuously recorded. The aim is to develop a chatbot that supports individuals in transforming their innovation potential into innovation performance, so that innovations develop that transform society. The aim is to improve the quality of innovation outcomes and the productivity of individuals involved in solving complex problems. KW - Innovationsmanagement KW - Chatbot Y1 - 2024 UR - https://zenodo.org/records/13281421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12652992 VL - 2024 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina ED - Özdemir-Kaluk, Dilan T1 - Sustainable Digital Innovator Program Workshop T2 - 25th Transformations Conference KW - Innovationsmanagement Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.transformationscommunity.org/conferences VL - 2023 SP - Dilan EP - Özdemir-Kaluk ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Happiness and Innovation T2 - 1st International Conference of Happiness and Well-Being KW - Innovationsmanagement Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.happiness-conference.org/ VL - 2023 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Effective Innovation Leadership Framework: Self-Reflection Method T2 - Creative Methods Toolkid N2 - Imagining, designing and teaching regenerative futures is challenging. Educators often lack approaches that allow them to address the complexities of global challenges through new narratives, which make space for the imagination of desirable futures. Commonly in education, we retell the story of an apocalyptic future when speaking about global challenges such as biodiversity degradation and climate change. This narrative, which focuses on the risks and dangers of global environmental change, is built on the assumption that the induced fear might lead to action. This toolkit supports educators who wish to follow a different route. It is based on the assumption that “we can’t create what we cannot imagine” (quote by Lucile Clifton). Consequently, imagining, designing, and teaching regenerative futures is the basis and starting point for actualizing them. The beginning of fundamental change is often hard to track because it first takes place in our minds. Visible, large-scale change arises from invisible, wild ideas and imaginations. According to the philosopher and educator John Dewey, imagination is “the ability to look at things as if they could be otherwise”. This ability to ask “what if?” is central to envisioning and enacting better lives. The lack of broad-scale action towards regenerative ways of living can be seen as a lack of imagination to create shared visions of an alternative future. Collectively envisioning desirable futures provides the motivation and guidance for change, or as the poet Rainer Maria Rilke put it: “the future enters into us, in order to transform itself in us, long before it happens.” This toolkit introduces a broad variety of creative and arts-based methods for regeneration and transformation that can be used in various educational settings. It harnesses the power of creative and arts-based practices, which are increasingly seen as a means of expanding future imaginaries and supporting the development of new scenarios of transformative change. The toolkit was developed within the COST Action SHiFT Social Sciences and Humanities for social transformation and climate change as an initiative of Working Group 3: Creative Practices and Outreach. It comprises a selection of 68 creative methods brought together in a collaborative effort by 124 authors from 31 countries and 6 continents. Its intention is to comprise a valuable resource for educators, teachers, lecturers, community workers, and change-makers who are aiming to empower their learners while providing competencies in regenerative design, climate action, futures thinking, human-nature connection, wellbeing and community engagement. This toolkit is more than a collection of methods but a call to action and a comprehensive resource developed through the synergistic efforts of contributors worldwide. KW - Hochschulunterricht KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - 2024 UR - https://shift-cost.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Final-Toolkit_compressed.pdf SP - 289 EP - 292 PB - Springer ER -