TY - CHAP A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Scheurich, Steffen A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Interrogation water content in organic solvents by planar bragg grating sensors T2 - Proceedings SENSOR KW - Bragg-Reflektor KW - Sensor Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-9810993-6-2 IS - Vol. II, P3.2 SP - 324 EP - 329 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Scheurich, Steffen A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf A1 - So, Sik A1 - Sparrow, Ian A1 - Emmerson, Greg T1 - Application of a silica-on-silicon planar optical waveguide. Bragg grating sensor for organic liquid compound detection T2 - SPIE Optics an optoelectronics conference, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 7356, Prag, CR KW - Bragg-Reflektor KW - Sensor Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-0819476302 IS - 7356 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Scheurich, Steffen A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf A1 - So, Sik A1 - Sparrow, Ian A1 - Emmerson, Greg T1 - Planar optical waveguide bragg grating chemical sensor for online process control T2 - 3rd integrated optics - sensors, sensing structures and methodes Korbielow, PL KW - Bragg-Reflektor KW - Sensor Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Girschikofsky, Maiko A1 - Rosenberger, Manuel A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Brutschy, Malte A1 - Waldvogel, Siegfried A1 - Waldvogel, Ralf T1 - Functionalized planar Bragg grating sensor for the detection of BTX in solvent vapour T2 - Proceedings of SPIE 8439, Optical Sensing and Detection II, 843916 KW - sensor detection KW - Bragg-Reflektor Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.921078 IS - 8439 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Koller, Georg A1 - Hessler, Steffen A1 - Rosenberger, Manuel A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Micro-structured optical waveguide fabrication in PMMA using low frequency reactive ion etching T2 - Proceedings of the XXVI International MicroCAD Conference – Sensing Technologies, Miskolc (Hungary) KW - waveguide fabrication KW - Wellenleiter Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Girschikofsky, Maiko A1 - Rosenberger, Manuel A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Brutschy, Malte A1 - Waldvogel, Siegfried A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - α-Cyclodextrin functionalized planar Bragg grating sensor for the detection of small arene traces in solvamt vapour T2 - 14th international meeting on chemical sensors (IMCS 2012) KW - sensor detection KW - Bragg-Reflektor Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-3-9813484-2-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5162/IMCS2012/7.5.1 SP - 646 EP - 648 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Girschikofsky, Maiko A1 - Rosenberger, Manuel A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Surface modifications of planar bragg grating refractive index sensors for gas detection T2 - Proceedings of the XXVI International MicroCAD Conference – Sensing Technologies, Miskolc (Hungary) KW - surface modification KW - Bragg-Reflektor Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - THES A1 - Belle, Stefan T1 - Herstellung und Charakterisierung von homogenen und inhomogenen Hohlwellenleitern zur Polarisationsänderung KW - Hohlleiter Y1 - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Körbitzer, Berit Silke A1 - Krauß, Peter A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Jörg A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - Electrochemical Characterization of Graphene Microelectrodes for Biological Applications JF - ChemNanoMat N2 - Graphene is a promising material both as a coating for existing neural electrodes as well as for transparent electrodes made exclusively from graphene. We studied graphene‐based microelectrodes by investigating their recording and stimulation properties in order to evaluate their suitability for neuronal implants. In this work, we compare three different electrode material compositions. Microelectrode arrays (MEA) with an electrode size of about 700 μm2 were prepared of gold, graphene on gold, and plain graphene on glass substrate. In order to reduce polymer contamination during graphene transfer, we employed a polymer‐free transfer and lift‐off process. Impedance studies revealed a value of 2.3 MΩ at 1 kHz for plain, and 0.88 MΩ for graphene on gold. Neuronal recording experiments showed a sufficient SNR for both graphene‐based materials and a stable impedance, unaffected by surface degradation metal electrodes are known for. Stimulation measurements yielded a charge injection capacity of 0.15 mC/cm2 using biphasic pulses of 1 ms and 1 μA transparent graphene electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry revealed a large voltage range of −1.4 V to +1.6 V before water electrolysis occurs. Graphene‐coated gold microelectrodes show enhanced recording properties, whereas plain graphene electrodes might be better suited for stimulation applications. KW - Graphene KW - Microelectrodes KW - Stimulation KW - Neural Recording KW - Neural Interface KW - Mikroelektrode KW - Array Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.201800652 VL - 2019 IS - 5:4 SP - 427 EP - 435 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nick, Christoph A1 - Hock, Christina A1 - Emmerich, Florian A1 - Belle, Stefan A1 - Thielemann, Christiane A1 - Asmus, Tim A1 - Loose, Thomas A1 - Wienand, Karlheinz T1 - Ultrathin gold as sensor platform for biomolecules T2 - 2015 International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO), Changchun, China N2 - Due to the increasing number of diabetes patients worldwide there is an enormous need for accurate, fast and someday also continuous or even closed loop monitoring of blood glucose level. More than 50 years after Clark and Lyons proposed the first glucose enzyme electrodes this concept is still widely in use today. Most concepts use the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) that reacts with glucose. These reactions cause a current that is proportional to the amount of glucose present at the sensor. Thus, if the sample volume is known, the blood sugar level can be measured. Although these electrodes have been in use for so long they have the disadvantage of a limited shelf time. In this work we present an enzyme free approach for glucose detection applying ultrathin gold films. According to the basic Fuchs-Sondheimer-theory and other more sophisticated models the resistivity of ultrathin metal films is dominated by scattering effects at their surface. Chemical reactions at the metallic surface are expected to change the conductivity properties and thus these changes can be used to detect molecules. This can be done by creating a self-assembled monolayer at the gold surface. When molecules such as glucose bind to the end groups of this layer the electron scattering and thus the conductivity of the film is expected to change. Ultrathin gold films with a thickness of 6 nm show the largest relative change in resistivity and are thus the preferred film thickness for this application. These gold films show a significant change in resistance when model molecules sodium sulfide and dextran are present, whereas the resistance of a platinum reference electrode does not change significantly. KW - ultrathin gold KW - biosensor KW - glucose KW - enzyme free glucose sensor KW - Biosensor KW - Dünne Schicht KW - Gold Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/3M-NANO.2015.7425462 ER -