TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Burwitz, Vadim A1 - Jelinek, Martin A1 - Hudec, Rene T1 - Testing of lobster-eye type telescopes with X-rays and visible light T2 - SPIE Proceedings N2 - Reflective coatings for astronomical X-ray optics were developed at the “Aschaffenburg Competence Center for Astronomical and Space Instrumentation” (ACCASI) since several years. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation between the Technical University of Aschaffenburg and the Czech Technical University of Prague, now two mechanically identical telescopes were built. One telescope optic was equipped with conventional gold-coated mirrors, manufactured by the Czech project partners. The 34 X-ray mirrors of the second telescope use an innovative coating system made of chromium and iridium, which was applied at the Aschaffenburg coating laboratory. Both telescopes are designed according to the bionic principle of a reflecting lobster eye. The optics works with two consecutive reflections on mutually perpendicular mirror surfaces. This enables a large field of view with many square degrees in diameter, which, however, comes at the price of a reduced angular resolution. An extensive X-ray characterization of these telescopes was carried out at the PANTER test facility of MPE, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. Furthermore, the used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well and this functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign was done to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible sky and the imaging properties for star constellations. Such functional tests by observing astronomical objects of the visible sky may simplify and accelerate the development of X-ray telescopes for satellite applications. KW - X-rays KW - Telescopes KW - X-ray telescopes KW - Reflection KW - Mirrors KW - Röntgenteleskop Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2665429 VL - 2023 IS - 12576 SP - 1257606-1 EP - 1257606-5 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Sapsai, Iryna A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Burwitz, Vadim T1 - Characterization of a lobster-eye type X-ray telescope T2 - EPJ Web of Conferences N2 - Lobster-eye type X-ray telescopes use reflecting plano mirrors under grazing incidence and can observe a large field of view. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation, two telescopes were build, equipped with mirrors coated with gold and iridium. Their X-ray characterization was carried out at the PANTER test facility, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. The used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well; their functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign will be carried out to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible night sky and the imaging properties for star constellations. KW - X-ray telescopes KW - Lobster-eye KW - Grazing incidence KW - Large field of view KW - Röntgenteleskop KW - Röntgenspiegel Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226613010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226613010 VL - 266 (2022) SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Burwitz, Vadim A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Vitek, Stanislav T1 - Design and testing of a Kirkpatrick-Baez optics variation JF - EPJ Web of Conferences N2 - Beside Wolter I X-ray optics, which are used at most in currently operating X-ray space telescopes, there exist also other optical designs and their usability for space observations is still the matter of studies. This article covers preliminary testing results of an optical module which is based on a modified Kirkpatrick-Baez optics. This X-ray optics, consisting of four sub-modules, was assembled in Prague and tested at the PANTER test facility of MPE afterward. The sub-modules use different reflective coatings, in part developed by our research group, on complementary flat mirrors, which approximate the shape of a Kirkpatrick-Baez optical design. In this contribution we summarise the design of the optical modules, the details of applied coating layers, and the X-ray characterisation results at the PANTER test facility KW - Kirkpatrick-Baez optics KW - X-ray telescopes KW - Reflective coatings KW - Röntgenoptik KW - Spiegelteleskop Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.epj-conferences.org/articles/epjconf/abs/2022/10/epjconf_eosam2022_03021/epjconf_eosam2022_03021.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226603021 VL - 266 (2022) SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Burwitz, Vadim T1 - Novel X-ray optics developed within the AHEAD2020 project N2 - We present a summary of our contribution to the EU Horizon 2020 project AHEAD2020, with emphasis on the X-ray optics work package. The Czech Technical University – together with other collaborating institutes - studied innovative Lobster Eye (LE) and Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) X-ray modules, based on the Multi Foil Optics technology (MFO). In addition, two major events were organized, namely a students workshop in December 2023 and a summer school in May 2024. The KB optics represents a promising and cost effective alternative to the currently used Wolter I telescopes. The LE X-ray optics, based on the Schmidt design, has a wide field of view (FOV) with a short focal length, making it suitable for CubeSat application. Thereby the 2D LE optics consist of two orthogonal sub-modules of flat smooth reflecting foils, each sub-modules focuses in one direction. The advantage of such optics is that it preserves the angular resolution throughout the FOV even for off-axis points, as demonstrated by simulations and measurements. There was a collaboration with Aschaffenburg University in design, development, and testing of the double LE module HORUS, comparing different reflecting coatings. KW - Horizon2020 KW - astronomy KW - telescope KW - X-ray KW - Röntgenoptik KW - Beschichtung Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.dgao-proceedings.de/abstract/abstract_only.php?id=3236 SP - 1 EP - 1 PB - DGaO ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Burwitz, Vadim T1 - Novel X-ray optics developed within the AHEAD2020 project T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - We present a summary of our contribution to the EU Horizon 2020 project AHEAD2020, with emphasis on the X-ray optics work package. The Czech Technical University – together with other collaborating institutes – studied innovative Lobster Eye and Kirkpatrick-Baez X-ray modules, based on the Multi Foil Optics technology. In addition, a student’s workshop in December 2023 and a summer school in May 2024 were organized within the project. KW - X-ray KW - optics KW - telescope KW - Lobster Eye KW - mirror KW - Röntgenoptik Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/126/126_p5.pdf SN - 1614-8436 VL - 2025 IS - 126 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - DGaO ER - TY - GEN A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Burwitz, Vadim A1 - Hartner, Gisela A1 - Müller, Thomas A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Rukdee, Surangkhana A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Sahin, Fatih A1 - HUdec, Rene T1 - Charakterisierung von Weitwinkel-Röntgenteleskopen in der Testanlage PANTER T2 - DGaO Jahrestagung N2 - Im Rahmen einer bayerisch-tschechischen Kooperation entstanden zwei mechanisch baugleiche Röntgenteleskope, bestückt mit Gold- und Iridium-beschichteten Planspiegeln. Die Charakterisierung der nach dem ägyptischen Gott HORUS benannten Teleskope erfolgte an der Röntgentestanlage PANTER des Max-Plack-Instituts für extraterrestrische Physik. Diese Vakuum-Testanlage simuliert parallel auf die Teleskope einfallendes Sternenlicht, wobei hier die Strahlung aus einer Röntgenquelle in 120 Metern Abstand stammt. Die Messungen selbst fanden in einer daran angebauten 12 Meter langen Testkammer von 3,5 Metern Durchmesser statt. Im März 2021 sahen die HORUS-Teleskope zum erstem Mal Röntgenlicht. Während der Testkampagne von ca. 54 Stunden Dauer wurden 536 Einzelmessungen an den beiden Teleskopen durchgeführt, bei denen Photonenenergien und Einfallswinkel variiert wurden. Von einer empfindlichen CCD-Kamera, einem Prototyp der eROSITA-Satellitenkamera, wurden hierbei insgesamt 11.153.574 Röntgenphotonen individuell detektiert, analysiert und digital verarbeitet. Die beiden Weitwinkel-Röntgenteleskope haben eine Winkelauflösung von circa 4 Bogenminuten und eine Brennweite von rund zwei Metern. N2 - Poster KW - Röntgenstrahlung KW - Spiegel KW - Teleskop KW - Satellit KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenstrahlung KW - Spiegelteleskop Y1 - 2021 UR - https://dgao.de/jahrestagung/ VL - 2021 SP - 1 EP - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Novakova, Hana A1 - Pritzl, Vaclav A1 - Vojnar, Jan A1 - Döhring, Thorsten T1 - CubeSat mission for the observation of meteoroid impacts on Moon T2 - DGaO Jahrestagung N2 - Recent progress in nanosatellite technologies allows to consider innovative new CubeSat missions for scientific purposes. We present and evaluate the design of a small and cost effective CubeSat mission to monitor lunar meteoroid impacts by detecting their optical flashes. The poster summarizes the results of a comprehensive survey of past and recent ground based and satellite based projects focussing on lunar impact monitoring and discusses important aspects of the proposed mission and various alternatives for their solutions. Several spacecraft orbits around Moon and their usefulness for lunar impact observation are studied. In addition, we discuss the environmental risks and challenges, which such spacecraft needs to face, mainly thermal management and radiation tolerance. Finally, we present and discuss the design an optical camera suitable to detect meteoroid impacts on the lunar surface. N2 - Poster KW - CubeSat KW - satellite KW - Moon KW - meteroid KW - impact KW - Impakt KW - Mond KW - Satellit Y1 - 2021 UR - https://dgao.de/jahrestagung/ VL - 2021 SP - 1 EP - 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Döhring, Thorsten T1 - Astrophysical and scientific payloads for CubeSats T2 - 18th Pico- and Nanosatellite Workshop 2025, Abstracts Book N2 - For scientific and commercial applications, CubeSats enable cost-effective missions and significantly reduce the time between mission concept and launch compared to classical large satellites. Since 2000, there has been an accelerating increase in CubeSat launches, which in turn is expected to drive up the demand for dedicated optical instruments, especially in commercially relevant areas like high-resolution optics for earth observation. We present some studies and ideas of application of CubeSats mainly in the field of astronomy and astrophysics elaborated and studied at the Czech Technical University in Prague in collaboration with Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences. These includes single CubeSats as well as tandem CubeSat constellations. These miniature satellites can carry miniature scientific payloads for high-energy observations of both astrophysical objects as well as targets in high earth atmosphere. The examples include miniature X-ray and UV telescopes monitors and cameras, but also optical and NIR payloads. Due to the recent progress in satellite control engineering, tandem flight arrangements of mini-satellites are currently in discussion and under consideration for future space missions. CubeSat technologies offer an interesting possibility for space-born telescope payloads based on this approach. In such scenario, two small satellites will fly at a constant distance of a few meters up to 100 meters. Thereby, the front satellite will carry the telescope optics and the second satellite the detector system. The tandem flight arrangements are crucial for design of space telescopes with larger focal distances exceeding the typical sizes of small satellites. KW - satellite KW - CubeSat KW - payload KW - tandem flight KW - Kleinsatellit Y1 - 2025 VL - 2025 SP - 12 EP - 12 PB - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg CY - Würzburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Hudec, Rene T1 - One decade of joint Bavarian-Czech projects on astronomical X-ray optics N2 - Since ten years, Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences and the Czech technical university in Prague are now cooperating. During the recent decade, eleven joint projects have been executed, mainly targeting the development of astronomical X-ray optics. The bilateral cooperation also included the exchange of PhD students and scientists, cost compensation for conference participations, and the sponsoring of scientific conferences (AXRO and IBWS). The scientific output up to date are more than twenty joint publications and many individual conference contributions of the project partners in addition. The Bavarian-Czech Academic Agency (BTHA) has funded all of these projects. It is the goal of the Bavarian-Czech Academic Agency to support the academic collaboration in research and education and to contribute to an increased cooperation of the two neighbored countries Bavaria and Czech Republic in general. We will give a review on one decade of our Bavarian-Czech cooperation and on the scientific results of our joint projects on astronomical X-ray optics. KW - X-ray KW - optics KW - astronomy KW - AXRO KW - IBWS KW - Röntgenoptik KW - Röntgenastronomie KW - Bayern KW - Tschechien Y1 - 2025 VL - 2025 IS - 16 SP - 1 EP - 1 PB - 16th International Conference on Astronomical X-ray Optics CY - Prag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Stadtmüller, Johannes A1 - Marsikova, Veronika A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Flachs, Dennis A1 - Burwitz, Vadim A1 - Hartner, Gisela A1 - Rukdee, Surangkhana A1 - Müller, Thomas A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Inneman, Adolf A1 - Klementova, Mariana A1 - Zeising, Sebastian A1 - Langmeier, Andreas T1 - Lobster eye type X-ray telescope with chromium-iridium coated tri-layer mirrors T2 - Proceedings of SPIE N2 - For space-born astronomical X-ray telescopes, iridium-based reflective layer systems are known as highly effective mirrors coatings. During the recent years, Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences and the Czech Technical University in Prague jointly developed stress compensated chromium-iridium coatings for this application. To overcome the disturbing reflectivity reduction of the iridium absorption edge around 2 keV photon energy, thin overcoat layers of chromium were applied in addition. Now a prototype of a wide-field, imaging X-ray telescope of Lobster Eye type is assembled at the company RIGAKU. For this purpose a small series of 34 mirrors based on 100 x 50 mm semiconductor grade silicon substrates has been coated at Aschaffenburg University. The applied tri-layer system consists of a stack of 40 nm chromium, which act as adhesive layer and compensates layer stress, a 30 nm iridium thick reflective layer, and an additional overcoat layer of 6 nm chromium. This layer system have been analysed by AFM and TEM images. The mirrors are assembled into an aluminium frame to build a 2D Lobster Eye type telescope. The designed focal length of this wide field X-ray telescope is two meter. To study the performance of the tri-layer coating system, a twin LE telescope with convenient gold coatings was manufactured also. Performance measurements of both telescopes and under same conditions are planned at the PANTER test facility at the Max-Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics. First experimental results, their comparison with theoretical simulations and the comparison between both models will be presented in this contribution. KW - telescope KW - Lobster Eye KW - X-ray KW - mirror KW - iridium KW - Röntgenteleskop KW - Röntgenspiegel Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2589266 VL - 2021 IS - 11776 SP - 1177605-1 EP - 1177605-8 PB - SPIE ER -