TY - JOUR A1 - Sommer, David A1 - Götzendorfer, Babette A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Design Rules for Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Combining Selective Laser Melting and Micromilling JF - Design and Post Processing for Metal Additive Manufacturing N2 - We report on a comprehensive study to evaluate fundamental properties of a hybrid manufacturing approach, combining selective laser melting and high speed milling, and to characterize typical geometrical features and conclude on a catalogue of design rules. As for any additive manufacturing approach, the understanding of the machine properties and the process behaviour as well as such a selection guide is of upmost importance to foster the implementation of new machining concepts and support design engineers. Geometrical accuracy between digitally designed and physically realized parts made of maraging steel and dimensional limits are analyzed by stripe line projection. In particular, we identify design rules for numerous basic geometric elements like walls, cylinders, angles, inclinations, overhangs, notches, inner and outer radii of spheres, chamfers in build direction, and holes of different shape, respectively, as being manufactured by the hybrid approach and compare them to sole selective laser melting. While the cutting tool defines the manufacturability of, e.g., edges and corners, the milling itself improves the surface roughness to Ra < 2 µm. Thus, the given advantages of this hybrid process, e.g., space-resolved and custom-designed roughness and the superior geometrical accuracy are evaluated. Finally, we exemplify the potential of this particular promising hybrid approach by demonstrating an injection mold with a conformal cooling for a charge socket for an electro mobile KW - hybrid additive manufacturing; high-speed milling; selective laser melting; construction rules KW - Selektives Laserschmelzen KW - Hochgeschwindigkeitsfräsen Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/19/5753 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195753 VL - 14 IS - 19 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götzendorfer, Babette A1 - Mohr, Thomas A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Hybrid Approaches for Selective Laser Sintering by Building on Dissimilar Materials JF - Materials KW - Laserstrahlsintern Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/ma13225285 VL - 2020 IS - 13 (22) SP - 5285 EP - 5296 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Götzendorfer, Babette A1 - Kirchgässner, Hannah A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Tunable, Anisotropic Permeability and Spatial Flow of SLM Manufactured Structures JF - Materials KW - Permeabilität KW - Selektives Laserschmelzen Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3390/ma14185205 VL - 2021 IS - 14 SP - 5205 EP - 5220 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Simon A1 - Götzendorfer, Babette A1 - Rung, Stefan A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Compact Beam Homogenizer Module with Laser-Fabricated Lens-Arrays JF - applied sciences KW - Femtosekundenlaser KW - Linse KW - Array Y1 - 2021 VL - 2021 IS - 11 SP - 1018 EP - 1018 ER -