TY - CHAP A1 - Reichert, Hannes A1 - Lang, Lukas A1 - Rosch, Kevin A1 - Bogdoll, Daniel A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard A1 - Rellss, Hans-Christian A1 - Stiller, Christoph A1 - Zollner, J. Marius T1 - Towards Sensor Data Abstraction of Autonomous Vehicle Perception Systems T2 - 2021 IEEE International Smart Cities Conference (ISC2) KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/ISC253183.2021.9562912 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zernetsch, Stefan A1 - Reichert, Hannes A1 - Kress, Viktor A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - A Holistic View on Probabilistic Trajectory Forecasting – Case Study. Cyclist Intention Detection T2 - 2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug KW - Radfahrer Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/IV51971.2022.9827220 SP - 265 EP - 272 PB - IEEE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marx, Jan A1 - Seefeldt, Malte A1 - Haske, Damian A1 - Lutz, Christian A1 - Hellmann, Ralf A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Ostendorf, Andreas T1 - Holographic freeform micro hole processing using Bessel beams JF - Optics & Laser Technology N2 - Bessel beams are advantageous tools for micro drilling applications due to their diffraction-free properties, their long focal length, and their small focal spot diameter. However, their application in industry is limited because they are challenging to integrate into flexible beam shaping systems. This work is intended to overcome limitations in flexibility by presenting a new approach paving the way to high-aspect ratio freeform holes. Therefore, a spatial light modulator was integrated into an axicon-based setup to merge diffraction-free ablation with the flexibility of holographic spatial beam shaping. A dynamic change of the phase hologram displayed on the spatial light modulator during the process allows for the generation of arbitrary ablation geometries. In contrast to other holographic approaches, the diffraction-free nature of the Bessel beam allows ablation over an extended focal depth without any focus control needed. The applicability of the approach was demonstrated by processing arbitrary hole shapes, such as ellipses, squares, or star-shapes. The hole sizes of the freeform holes range from 4 μm to 80 μm. Furthermore, up-scaling of the process is demonstrated by using the setup for generation of multi-Bessel spots. KW - Mikrobearbeitung KW - Laserbohren Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2024.112287 SN - 0030-3992 VL - 183 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lutz, Christian A1 - Jung, Marcel A1 - Tschirpke, Katrin A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Optimization of Heat Accumulation during Femtosecond Laser Drilling Borehole Matrices by Using a Simplex Algorithm JF - Materials N2 - We report on an optimization study of percussion drilling thin metal sheets employing a high repetition rate, high power femtosecond laser with respect to the resulting heat accumulation. A specified simplex algorithm was employed to optimize the spatial drilling sequence, whereas a simplified thermal simulation using COMSOL was validated by comparing its results to the temperature measurements using an infrared camera. Optimization for drilling borehole matrices was aspired with respect to the generated temperature across the processed specimen, while the drilling strategy was altered in its spatial drilling sequence and by using multi-spot approaches generated by a spatial light modulator. As a result, we found that an optimization strategy based on limited consecutive holes in a Moore neighborhood led to reduced temperatures and the shortest process times. KW - Femtosekundenlaser Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144829 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 15 IS - 14 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Marx, Jan A1 - Lutz, Christian A1 - Hellmann, Ralf A1 - Esen, Cemal T1 - Holographic multi-spot generation for ultra-short pulse Bessel beam processing of stainless steel JF - Procedia CIRP KW - Ultrakurzzeitlaser Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2022.08.003 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 111 SP - 648 EP - 652 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lutz, Christian A1 - Helm, Jonas A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf ED - Kling, Rainer ED - Pfleging, Wilhelm ED - Sugioka, Koji T1 - Computational optimization of borehole sequences for the reduction of heat accumulation in drilling processes using ultrashort pulse lasers T2 - Laser-based Micro- and Nanoprocessing XVIII N2 - We report on laser drilling of borehole arrays using a high-power ultrashort pulse laser with particular focus on reducing heat accumulation in the workpiece by optimizing the drilling sequence, particularly for highly efficient multi-spot drilling. Different optimization approaches are chosen to improve the drilling sequence, also comparing a simplex algorithm and an evolutionary algorithm. From a laser application point of view, we also compare drilling sequences using a single spot and up to 16-fold multi-spots generated by a spatial light modulator, as to accelerate the drilling process in terms of the number of drilled holes per second. To evaluate the temperatures generated during drilling of up to 40,000 holes in less than 76 seconds in stainless steel foil, temperatures are measured by a thermal imaging camera and subsequently compared to a COMSOL-based simulation for all optimized drilling sequences. With respect to an average temperature of 706 °C without optimization, a reduction by 252 °C, i.e., a reduction by nearly 36 % based on the Celsius scale, is achieved using a 4 × 4 beam splitter and an optimized drilling sequence with a drilling rate of 526 holes per second. In addition, using a 2 × 2 beam splitter, a temperature reduction of up to 40.5 % is achieved for a drilling process with a rate of 129 holes per second using an optimized drilling sequence. KW - Ultrakurzzeitlaser Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3000930 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lutz, Christian A1 - Sommerhuber, Ryan A1 - Kettner, Matthias A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf ED - Kling, Rainer ED - Pfleging, Wilhelm ED - Sugioka, Koji T1 - Towards process control by detecting acoustic emissions during ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of multilayer materials T2 - Laser-based Micro- and Nanoprocessing XVIII N2 - We report on process sensing using a membrane-free optical microphone to monitor the acoustic emission during ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of multilayer materials. The acoustic emission during ablation is used to detect material transitions, with the specific signatures allowing to create a reliable process control for identifying individual layers. The outstanding properties of membrane-free optical microphones in terms of high bandwidth and high temporal resolution are ideally qualified for characterizing an ultrashort pulsed laser process, with its properties and capabilities being presented in this contribution. In particular, for layer- and material-selective ablation of multilayer printed circuit board components, copper and polyimide layers are ablated and the material transition is detected by analyzing the acoustic signal at different frequency levels, which is a novelty in the field of ultrashort pulsed laser process sensing. The investigations show, that the optical microphone can be used to resolve both the scanning paths and ablated layers by means of interruptions in a time-resolved acoustic spectrogram. Furthermore, as a result of a higher ablation rate of polyimide compared to copper and thus the increase of the emitted acoustic energy, the material transition between copper and polyimide layers can clearly be detected. The detection of this process event can be used for process control. KW - Ultrakurzzeitlaser Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3000954 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lutz, Christian A1 - Schwarz, Simon A1 - Marx, Jan A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf ED - Kling, Rainer ED - Pfleging, Wilhelm ED - Sugioka, Koji T1 - Combination of an axicon and a spatial light modulator for the generation of multiBessel beams for microdrilling using ultrashort pulsed laser T2 - Laser-based Micro- and Nanoprocessing XVIII N2 - Due to their special beam profile, Bessel beams offer advantageous properties for micro-drilling and internal volume processing, especially for transparent materials. In addition, the laser power of industrial ultrashort pulsed lasers hasnincreased significantly in recent years, offering the possibility of highly efficient processes using multi-spot profiles. We report on optical simulations and an experimental optical setup for generating multi-Bessel beams by combining a refractive axicon and a spatial light modulator. This setup offers a new possibility of multi-Bessel beam generation by functional division of the Bessel beam generation by the axicon and the possibility of separation flexible beam splitting by a spatial light modulator. The beam profiles generated with this setup are analyzed and compared in this study using optical simulations and experiments. In addition to the analysis of the Bessel beams in the machining plane, they are also analyzed in the propagation direction by means of intensity distributions measured by a camera in small-step z positions. Furthermore, the experimental applicability of the module-based beam shaping system is demonstrated by integrating into an existing laser system. KW - Ultrakurzzeitlaser Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3000946 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mittel, Dominik A1 - Hubert, Andreas A1 - Ding, Junsheng A1 - Perzylo, Alexander T1 - Towards a Knowledge-Augmented Socio-Technical Assistance System for Product Engineering T2 - 2023 IEEE 28th International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA) N2 - Digital tools for handling the whole product engineering phase are getting more and more important in the context of Industry 4.0 and an increasing product variety. However, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises, a lot of information about product development and production is stored in different documents or isolated data silos. A promising way to arrive at a solution is to model data and knowledge with ontologies and enrich it with context information. This paper presents a concept and a showcase implementation of a company-internal and personalized assistance system for an end-to-end digital product engineering process. We combine a generic and cost-efficient human assistance solution focusing on social aspects and a company-wide knowledge graph to create a seamless and highly integrated data structure that assists many stakeholders in the product engineering process, from product designers to assembly workers. As a result, more complex products can be handled and the product engineering process can be accelerated. KW - Produktentwicklung KW - Klein- und Mittelbetrieb Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA54631.2023.10275386 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Altmann, Alexander Anton A1 - Suppelt, Sven A1 - Ruhl, Max A1 - Schaumann, Stephan A1 - Latsch, Bastian A1 - Ben Dali, Omar A1 - Zhukov, Sergey A1 - Flachs, Dennis A1 - Zhang, Xiaoqing A1 - Thielemann, Christiane A1 - Seggern, Heinz von A1 - Kupnik, Mario T1 - Monolithic Wideband Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Transducer Based on Additively Manufactured Ferroelectrets T2 - 2024 IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Joint Symposium (UFFC-JS) N2 - Air-coupled ultrasonic transducers are widely used in non-destructive testing, acoustical sonar systems, and biomedical imaging. These applications require transducers that operate effectively across a broad acoustic frequency spectrum, offer adaptable geometric designs, and increasingly incorporate eco-friendly materials. In this work, we present a monolithic, 3D-printed air-coupled ultrasonic transducer based on ferroelectrets (FEs) and fabricated from biocompatible polylactic acid (PLA). We evaluated the transducer’s acoustical performance by measuring the surface velocity of its active area using laser Doppler vibrometry and assessed its robustness during continuous operation over a 19-day period. Additionally, we measured the sound pressure level (SPL) and wideband characteristics in an anechoic chamber across excitation frequencies from 1kHz to 100kHz. At a resonance frequency of 33kHz, our transducer achieved an SPL of 94.3dB and surface velocities up to 37mm/s. The measured bandwidth of 65.2kHz at the -6dB threshold corresponds to a fractional bandwidth of 189%. The observed exponential decay of the surface velocity, stabilizing at 15% of its initial amplitude, aligns with the isothermal surface potential decay typically observed in FE films made from PLA. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the transducer, which features an adaptable backplate for tuning acoustic properties. The low-cost transducer, manufactured from biocompatible PLA, is particularly suited for imaging and biomedical applications furthering green electronics. KW - Ultraschallwandler KW - Biomedizinische Technik Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/UFFC-JS60046.2024.10793858 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Xu, Xukuan A1 - Möckel, Michael T1 - Machine Learning Based Early Rejection of Low Performance Cells in Li Ion Battery Production T2 - CACML '24: Proceedings of the 2024 3rd Asia Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Machine Learning N2 - Lithium-ion battery cell production is conducted through a multistep production process which suffers from a notable scrap rate. Machine learning (ML) based process monitoring provides solutions to mitigate the impact of substantial scrap rates by repeated multifactorial quality predictions (virtual quality gates) along the process line. This enables an early rejection of battery cells which are unlikely to reach required specifications, avoids further waste of resources at later process steps and simplifies recycling of rejected cells. A hierarchical architecture is used to apply ML algorithms first for process-adapted feature extraction which is guided by a priori knowledge on typical production anomalies. In a second step, these features are correlated with end-of-line quality control data using explainable ML methods. The resulting predictions may lead to pass or fail of a battery cell, or -in the context of flexible production- may also trigger adjustments of later process steps to compensate for detected deficiencies. An example ML based quality control concept is illustrated for a pilot battery cell production line. KW - Maschinelles Lernen Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1145/3654823.3654870 SP - 251 EP - 256 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Xukuan A1 - Donghui, Li A1 - Bi, Jinghou A1 - Möckel, Michael T1 - AutoML based workflow for design of experiments (DOE) selection and benchmarking data acquisition strategies with simulation models JF - Scientific Reports N2 - Design of experiments (DOE) is an established method to allocate resources for efficient parameter space exploration. Model based active learning (AL) data sampling strategies have shown potential for further optimization. This paper introduces a workflow for conducting DOE comparative studies using automated machine learning. Based on a practical definition of model complexity in the context of machine learning, the interplay of systematic data generation and model performance is examined considering various sources of uncertainty: this includes uncertainties caused by stochastic sampling strategies, imprecise data, suboptimal modeling, and model evaluation. Results obtained from electrical circuit models with varying complexity show that not all AL sampling strategies outperform conventional DOE strategies, depending on the available data volume, the complexity of the dataset, and data uncertainties. Trade-offs in resource allocation strategies, in particular between identical replication of data points for statistical noise reduction and broad sampling for maximum parameter space exploration, and their impact on subsequent machine learning analysis are systematically investigated. Results indicate that replication oriented strategies should not be dismissed but may prove advantageous for cases with non-negligible noise impact and intermediate resource availability. The provided workflow can be used to simulate practical experimental conditions for DOE testing and DOE selection. KW - Maschinelles Lernen Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83581-3 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kefer, Stefan A1 - Pape, Natalie A1 - Bischoff, Kay A1 - Schmauss, Bernhard A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Lattice-Like Waveguides With Integrated Bragg Gratings in Planar Cyclic Olefin Copolymers JF - Journal of Lightwave Technology N2 - This contribution demonstrates femtosecond laser direct writing of lattice-like waveguides in planar cyclic olefin copolymer substrates. Based on numerical simulation and experimental near-field analysis, stable single-mode waveguiding around wavelengths of 1550 nm is demonstrated. The waveguiding mechanism is based on a hexagonal array of laser-induced, positive refractive index modification lines. Thus, the lateral extension of the guided mode can be adapted by varying the fabrication parameters and, in consequence, the resulting cross-sectional arrangement of the refractive index perturbations. With an optical attenuationof 2.2 dB·cm-1 around 1550 nm, the fabricated waveguides are well-suited for on-chip integrated photonic devices. Moreover, the waveguides can also be equipped with Bragg gratings to enable the application of the photonic platform as a sensing device. Dependingon their length, the Bragg grating structures exhibit reflectivities ofup to 99% and spectral widths down to 0.3 nm. The flexibility of the fabrication process and the sensing capabilities of the lattice-like waveguides with integrated Bragg gratings are underlined by an exemplary application study demonstrating a relative pressure sensor. For that, a photonic platform is micromilled to generate a 300 µm thick diaphragm and a reference pressure chamber. The strain introduced to the diaphragm by external pressure changes can then be quantified by the integrated photonic structures.This way, absolute pressure sensitivities of up to 38 pm·kPa-1 can be achieved in a relative pressure range from −60 to 100 kPa. The newly-developed lattice-like waveguides with integrated Bragggratings are therefore well-suited for the realization of novel and adaptable photonic devices and sensors. KW - Bragg grating KW - cyclic olefin copolymers KW - femtosecond laser KW - integrated photonics KW - lattice-like waveguide KW - pressure sensor KW - Wellenleiter KW - Bragg-Reflektor Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2023.3328323 SN - 0733-8724 VL - 42 IS - 18 SP - 6302 EP - 6311 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Talluri, Kranthi Kumar A1 - Weidl, Galia T1 - Impact of Accidents on Traffic Congestions: A Bayesian Network Approach Using Real City Data T2 - Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering N2 - Traffic congestion has been a major concern in urban areas due to its strong impact on various social, economic, and human safety sectors. Understanding the relationship and analyzing the trends and patterns between congestion and accidents can strengthen the strategy for reducing traffic congestion. Research on causes of accidents and their impact on congestion has recently been explored on a greater scale, but there is still a lot of scope for vast areas of improvement. To tackle this issue, we built a Bayesian Network (BN) model for analyzing and predicting congestion probability that can occur due to accidents. In this work, the complexity of handling real data obtained from Darmstadt city is described in detail. The accidents and congestion are correlated by introducing a novel threshold-based approach, which identifies congestion based on the change in vehicle density immediately following an accident. Different thresholds are explored to determine the most reliable measure of congestion, with the T4 threshold emerging as the optimal choice. Moreover, the proposed BN model is evaluated against several machine learning models, demonstrating competitive performance and its ability to understand the root cause of traffic congestion. KW - Verkehrsstau KW - Verkehrsunfall KW - Bayes-Netz KW - Maschinelles Lernen Y1 - 2024 SN - 9781643685601 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/ATDE241181 SN - 2352-751X IS - 63 SP - 64 EP - 78 PB - IOS Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raiyn, Jamal A1 - Weidl, Galia T1 - Assessing Inattentiveness and Human Elements in Critical Driving Safety Events T2 - 9th European Congress on Computational Methods in Applied Sciences and Engineering 3-7 June 2024, Lisboa, Portugal N2 - Road accidents, with their potential for severe consequences, pose an ongoing global challenge. Within the multitude of factors contributing to these incidents, inattentiveness and the intricate human elements inherent in driving behaviors stand out as pivotal. As indicated by reports and studies on traffic safety, a significant share of accidents can be attributed to driver inattentiveness, encompassing activities such as texting, talking on the phone, or simply being distracted by the surrounding environment. Beyond these observable behaviors lie complex human elements, influenced by factors ranging from cognitive processes to emotional states, which significantly contribute to the occurrence and severity of critical safety events. Inattentiveness is defined as a state in which a driver's eye gaze behavior deviates from attentive driving patterns. It can be influenced by human factors and adverse weather conditions, serving as an indicator of an increased risk of inattentiveness and the potential to contribute to safety-critical events on the road. Recognition of inattentiveness occurs when the average gaze duration on the road or critical areas falls below a specified threshold. The driver's response time is crucial to the braking process of the vehicle and, therefore, has a significant impact on safety in critical situations. KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem KW - Aufmerksamkeit Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/381283484_Assessing_Inattentiveness_and_Human_Elements_in_Critical_Driving_Safety_Events ER - TY - INPR A1 - Chaar, Mohamad Mofeed A1 - Raiyn, Jamal A1 - Weidl, Galia T1 - Improving the Perception of Objects under Foggy Conditions in the Surrounding Environment N2 - Autonomous Driving (AD) technology has rapidly advanced in recent years. Some challenges remain, particularly in ensuring robust performance under adverse weather conditions, like heavy fog. To address this, we propose a multi-class fog density classification approach to enhance the performance of AD systems. By dividing the fog density into multiple classes (25\%, 50\%, 75\%, and 100\%) and generating separate data-sets for each class using the Carla simulator, we can independently improve perception for each fog density and examine the effects of fog at each level. This approach offers several advantages, including improved perception, targeted training, and enhanced generalizability. The results show improved perception of objects from the categories: cars, buses, trucks, vans, pedestrians, and traffic lights. Our multi-class fog density approach is a promising step towards achieving robust AD system performance under adverse weather conditions. KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug KW - Wetter KW - Sicht Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3821656/v1 PB - Research Square Platform LLC ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raiyn, Jamal A1 - Chaar, Mohamad Mofeed A1 - Weidl, Galia T1 - Analysis of Driving Behavior in Adverse Weather Conditions T2 - IEEE 7th International Conference AND workshop in Óbuda on Electrical and Power Engineering (CANDO EPE 2024) N2 - This paper discusses the impact of Connected Cooperative and Automated Mobility (CCAM) on safety-critical events. The replacement of human drivers by autonomous vehicles (AVs) is promising improved traffic efficiency and reduction of car- crashes to zero using a baseline network traffic. Predicting driving behavior during car-following has been crucial for enhancing road safety while developing advanced driver assistance systems with adaptive cruise control. Human factors significantly influence the driving behavior of a vehicle. Thus, understanding the causal relations between human factors and driving behavior is essential for accurate prediction of vehicle behavior. This is important when autonomous vehicles are expected to behave (cooperatively, according to traffic rules and good praxis) in a human predictable manner, while driving in mixed traffic, involving autonomous, automated, and human driven vehicles. In this paper, we propose a methodology that combines convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with human factors analysis to predict driving behavior during car-following under adverse weather conditions (AWCs). KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem KW - Wetter Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385591980_ANALYSIS_OF_DRIVING_BEHAVIOR_IN_ADVERSE_WEATHER_CONDITIONS ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Madsen, Anders L. A1 - Weidl, Galia T1 - Bayes’sche Netze als Methode zur Implementierung transparenter, erklärbarer und vertrauenswürdiger Künstlicher Intelligenz T2 - Vertrauen in Künstliche Intelligenz - Eine multi-perspektivische Betrachtung N2 - Dieser Beitrag betrachtet die Verwendung von Bayes’schen Netzen als Methode zur Implementierung von transparenter, erklärbarer und vertrauenswürdiger Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI). Er beginnt mit einer Darstellung und Diskussion von Schlüsselkonzepten im Zusammenhang mit der Verwendung von Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz und der Implementierung von erklärbarer und vertrauenswürdiger KI. Der Beitrag diskutiert mehrere Konzepte aus dem Bereich der Bayes’schen Netze, die für die praktische Anwendung dieser Modelle in Systemen mit KI relevant sind. Zu den betrachteten Konzepten gehören unter anderem der Bayes-Faktor, die wahrscheinlichste Erklärung und die relevanteste Erklärung. Der Beitrag endet mit einem Fallbeispiel aus dem Bereich des automatisierten Fahrens, das veranschaulicht, wie transparente und erklärbare KI mithilfe von Bayes’schen Netzen umgesetzt werden kann, um eine vertrauenswürdige Lösung zu schaffen. KW - Bayes'sche Netze KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Automatisiertes Fahren KW - Mischverkehr KW - Künstliche Intelligenz KW - Bayes-Netz KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-658-43816-6_8 SP - 139 EP - 162 PB - Springer Verlag ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weidl, Galia A1 - Berres, Stefan A1 - Madsen, Anders L. A1 - Daxenberger, Johannes A1 - Aulbach, Anegret T1 - Exploring Argument Mining and Bayesian Networks for Assessing Topics for City Project Proposals T2 - Proceedings of Machine Learning Research N2 - The digital transformation of cities inspired the city administration of Aschaffenburg, Germany, to apply artificial intelligence to reduce the significant amount of manual administrative effort needed to evaluate citizens’ ideas for potential future projects. This paper introduces a methodology that combines argument mining with Bayesian networks to evaluate the relative eligibility of city project proposals. The methodology involves two main steps: (1) clustering arguments extracted from public information available on the Internet, and (2) assessing and comparing selected urban issues, planning topics, and citizens’ ideas that have been widely discussed to measure public interest in potential candidate projects. The results of the clustering are fed into a Bayesian network, along with scores for several evaluation criteria, to generate a relative eligibility score. The framework was applied to three candidate projects, resulting in the selection of one of them, while the other two were rejected with a given explanation. The latter motivates the decision and provides transparency to all parties involved in the decision process. The methodology is applicable to other cities after adjustments of criteria. KW - Bayesian networks KW - argument mining KW - project evaluation KW - urban planning KW - Projektplanung KW - Stadtverwaltung Y1 - 2024 UR - https://proceedings.mlr.press/v246/weidl24a.html VL - 2024 IS - 246 SP - 438 EP - 451 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Effective Innovation Leadership Framework: Self-Reflection Method T2 - Creative Methods Toolkid N2 - Imagining, designing and teaching regenerative futures is challenging. Educators often lack approaches that allow them to address the complexities of global challenges through new narratives, which make space for the imagination of desirable futures. Commonly in education, we retell the story of an apocalyptic future when speaking about global challenges such as biodiversity degradation and climate change. This narrative, which focuses on the risks and dangers of global environmental change, is built on the assumption that the induced fear might lead to action. This toolkit supports educators who wish to follow a different route. It is based on the assumption that “we can’t create what we cannot imagine” (quote by Lucile Clifton). Consequently, imagining, designing, and teaching regenerative futures is the basis and starting point for actualizing them. The beginning of fundamental change is often hard to track because it first takes place in our minds. Visible, large-scale change arises from invisible, wild ideas and imaginations. According to the philosopher and educator John Dewey, imagination is “the ability to look at things as if they could be otherwise”. This ability to ask “what if?” is central to envisioning and enacting better lives. The lack of broad-scale action towards regenerative ways of living can be seen as a lack of imagination to create shared visions of an alternative future. Collectively envisioning desirable futures provides the motivation and guidance for change, or as the poet Rainer Maria Rilke put it: “the future enters into us, in order to transform itself in us, long before it happens.” This toolkit introduces a broad variety of creative and arts-based methods for regeneration and transformation that can be used in various educational settings. It harnesses the power of creative and arts-based practices, which are increasingly seen as a means of expanding future imaginaries and supporting the development of new scenarios of transformative change. The toolkit was developed within the COST Action SHiFT Social Sciences and Humanities for social transformation and climate change as an initiative of Working Group 3: Creative Practices and Outreach. It comprises a selection of 68 creative methods brought together in a collaborative effort by 124 authors from 31 countries and 6 continents. Its intention is to comprise a valuable resource for educators, teachers, lecturers, community workers, and change-makers who are aiming to empower their learners while providing competencies in regenerative design, climate action, futures thinking, human-nature connection, wellbeing and community engagement. This toolkit is more than a collection of methods but a call to action and a comprehensive resource developed through the synergistic efforts of contributors worldwide. KW - Hochschulunterricht KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - 2024 UR - https://shift-cost.eu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Final-Toolkit_compressed.pdf SP - 289 EP - 292 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hetzel, Manuel A1 - Reichert, Hannes A1 - Reitberger, Günther A1 - Fuchs, Erich A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - The IMPTC Dataset: An Infrastructural Multi-Person Trajectory and Context Dataset T2 - 2023 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug KW - Sensortechnik Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/IV55152.2023.10186776 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reichert, Hannes A1 - Hetzel, Manuel A1 - Schreck, Steven A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - Sensor Equivariance by LiDAR Projection Images T2 - 2023 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Sensor Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/IV55152.2023.10186817 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schreck, Steven A1 - Reichert, Hannes A1 - Hetzel, Manuel A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - Height Change Feature Based Free Space Detection T2 - 2023 11th International Conference on Control, Mechatronics and Automation (ICCMA) KW - Gabelstapler KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCMA59762.2023.10374705 SP - 171 EP - 176 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reichert, Hannes A1 - Hetzel, Manuel A1 - Hubert, Andreas A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - Sensor Equivariance: A Framework for Semantic Segmentation with Diverse Camera Models T2 - 2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW) KW - Bildverarbeitung KW - Sensor Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPRW63382.2024.00132 SP - 1254 EP - 1261 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klopp, Marco A1 - Haug, Jim A1 - Dörringer, Antonia T1 - Work-in-Progress: Input Support for the Formulation of Learning Outcomes in STEM T2 - Proceedings IEEE Educon N2 - The heightened emphasis on student-centered learning in STEM degree programs highlights the importance of precise formulation of learning outcomes. The “AdLer Input Support for the Formulation of Learning Outcomes” offers a valuable solution to meet this challenge. KW - learning outcomes, input support, taxonomy of learning, student-centered learning, constructive alignment KW - Lerntechnik KW - Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten KW - MINT-Fächer Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10578568 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON60312.2024.10578568 SN - 2165-9567 VL - 2024 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Happiness and Innovation T2 - 1st International Conference of Happiness and Well-Being KW - Innovationsmanagement Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.happiness-conference.org/ VL - 2023 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina ED - Özdemir-Kaluk, Dilan T1 - Sustainable Digital Innovator Program Workshop T2 - 25th Transformations Conference KW - Innovationsmanagement Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.transformationscommunity.org/conferences VL - 2023 SP - Dilan EP - Özdemir-Kaluk ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - From Data to Innovation T2 - XXXV ISPIM Innovation Conference N2 - Data can be the source of innovation. Data can help to analyse the constitution of the people involved in the innovation process and to give them recommendations along the innovation process to increase their innovation performance, productivity in individual and group work and to optimise the quality of the results. The article proposes a long-term study in which the innovation potential of young adults in secondary schools, universities and companies is continuously recorded. The aim is to develop a chatbot that supports individuals in transforming their innovation potential into innovation performance, so that innovations develop that transform society. The aim is to improve the quality of innovation outcomes and the productivity of individuals involved in solving complex problems. KW - Innovationsmanagement KW - Chatbot Y1 - 2024 UR - https://zenodo.org/records/13281421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12652992 VL - 2024 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Schork, Sabrina T1 - GenAI as a collaborative creativity booster for innovation N2 - GenAI has the potential to enhance individual creativity but may also reduce the diversity of collective content. When combined with human interaction, GenAI can lead to more creative outcomes. This is particularly relevant in collaborative work. KW - Innovationsmanagement KW - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2024 UR - https://zenodo.org/records/13281421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13281421 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sommer, David A1 - Safi, Abdulrahman A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf ED - Gu, Bo ED - Chen, Hongqiang T1 - Additive manufacturing of Nickel-based superalloy: optimization of surface roughness using integrated high-speed milling T2 - Laser 3D Manufacturing XI KW - Hochgeschwindigkeitsfräsen Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3000972 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sommer, David A1 - Hornung, Simon A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf ED - Gu, Bo ED - Chen, Hongqiang T1 - Optimization of mechanical properties of additive manufactured IN 718 parts combining LPBF and in-situ high-speed milling T2 - Laser 3D Manufacturing XI KW - Hybrid additive manufacturing KW - High-speed Milling KW - Hot isostatic pressing KW - Fatigue behaviour KW - Hochgeschwindigkeitsfräsen Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3000952 PB - SPIE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sommer, David A1 - Hornung, Simon A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Surface roughness optimization of hybrid PBF-LB/M-built Inconel 718 using in situ high-speed milling JF - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - AbstractWe report on the optimization of the surface roughness of hybrid additive manufactured Ni superalloys, combining a conventional laser powder bed fusion process with in situ high-speed milling. This remarkable hybrid approach has only recently been applied to different steel types and barely to Ni superalloys which opposite to steel appear to be challenging for milling processes, particularly within the powderbed of laser powder bed fusion. Different influencing factors on the surface roughness are varied in this study, following the Taguchi method. Their effect is evaluated with respect to the average surface roughness and the maximum surface roughness. The signal-to-noise ratio for the varied parameters infeed, z-pitch, feed rate, and spindle speed is calculated, determining their relevance on the surface roughness, and defining an optimal parameter combination. As the surface quality is optimized to $$\varvec{R_a=0.47\, \mu m}$$ R a = 0.47 μ m , the definition of the optimal parameter combination is of the highest relevance for the application of this novel manufacturing approach for Inconel. Using linear regression, the resulting surface roughness of these parameters is predicted, getting validated by the experimental evaluation. Due to a further analysis, including EDX analysis and a quantitative element analysis at different positions of the flank of the milling cutter, wear characteristics as well as the dissipation of the coating of the milling cutter are detected. The flank wear and the resulting breakage of the cutting edge are defined as the main reasons of a rising surface roughness. KW - Hybrid additive manufacturing KW - High-speed Milling KW - Taguchi-Method KW - Hochgeschwindigkeitsfräsen Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13382-5 SN - 0268-3768 VL - 132 IS - 3-4 SP - 1741 EP - 1751 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sommer, David A1 - Stockfleet, Henry A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Optimization of Mechanical Properties and Evaluation of Fatigue Behavior of Selective Laser Sintered Polyamide-12 Components JF - Polymers N2 - In this paper, a comprehensive study of the mechanical properties of selective laser sintered polyamide components is presented, for various different process parameters as well as environmental testing conditions. For the optimization of the static and dynamic mechanical load behavior, different process parameters, e.g., laser power, scan speed, and build temperature, were varied, defining an optimal parameter combination. First, the influence of the different process parameters was tested, leading to a constant energy density for different combinations. Due to similarities in mechanical load behavior, the energy density was identified as a decisive factor, mostly independent of the input parameters. Thus, secondly, the energy density was varied by the different parameters, exhibiting large differences for all levels of fatigue behavior. An optimal parameter combination of 18 W for the laser power and a scan speed of 2666 mm/s was determined, as a higher energy density led to the best results in static and dynamic testing. According to this, the variation in build temperature was investigated, leading to improvements in tensile strength and fatigue strength at higher build temperatures. Furthermore, different ambient temperatures during testing were evaluated, as the temperature-dependent behavior of polymers is of high importance for industrial applications. An increased ambient temperature as well as active cooling during testing was examined, having a significant impact on the high cycle fatigue regime and on the endurance limit. KW - Selective Laser Sintering KW - Tensile Strength KW - Fatigue Behaviour KW - Laserstrahlsintern Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16101366 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 16 IS - 10 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Max M. A1 - Pedell, Burkhard A1 - Rötzel, Peter T1 - Resilience-oriented management control systems: a systematic review of the relationships between organizational resilience and management control systems JF - Journal of Management Control N2 - Organizations regularly face serious challenges due to pandemics, recessions, and financial crises. One reason some organizations cope better than others may be that their management control systems (MCSs) more effectively foster organizational resilience. Despite considerable literature on MCSs and organizational resilience, there is a lack of research on the impact of an MCS’s use on organizational resilience. This study examines and bridges the literatures on MCSs and organizational resilience to illuminate how organizations can better cope with adversity. To identify potential relationships between management controls, MCSs, and organizational resilience, we systematically review the literature and perform a content analysis. We examine the relationships between organizational resilience measures, capabilities, and management controls. We propose the use of resilience-oriented management controls and discuss whether organizations can increase their resilience by building resilience-oriented MCSs. Based on Simons’s levers of control framework and Duchek’s capability-based conceptualization of organizational resilience, we develop a conceptual organizational resilience/MCS framework. Our study reveals relationships and gaps between the literatures on MCSs and organizational resilience and proposes avenues for future research. Our findings suggest that resilience-oriented MCSs are beneficial to organizational resilience. KW - Management KW - Kontrollsystem KW - Resilienz Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00187-024-00385-2 SN - 2191-4761 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Link, Renate ED - Hiller, Gundula Gwenn ED - Zillmer-Tantan, Ulrike ED - Fatthohi, Reema T1 - LEGO® Serious Play® (LSP) oder PLAYMOBIL®pro T2 - Interkulturelle Kompetenz online vermitteln N2 - Diese Übung basiert auf konstruktivistischem und haptischem „Denken“ mit den Händen. Die TN sollen mit geeigneten Materialien wie LEGO® Serious Play® (LSP) oder PLAYMOBIL®pro Metaphern bzw. Personas für kulturelle Werte/Dimensionen/Standards bauen. KW - Interkulturelle Gamification KW - Hochschule KW - Interkulturelle Kompetenz KW - Handlungsorientiertes Lernen Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-658-40408-6 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-40409-3_54 SN - 978-3-658-40409-3 SP - 467 EP - 471 PB - Springer VS CY - Wiesbaden ET - 1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schork, Sabrina A1 - Özdemir-Kaluk, Dilan A1 - Zerey, Cudi ED - Chen, Ja-Shen T1 - Understanding Innovation and Sustainability in Digital Organizations: A Mixed-Method Approach JF - Sustainability N2 - In recent years, organizations have increasingly turned to digital transformation (D) to drive innovation (I) and sustainability (S). However, the rapid growth of studies on this topic, particularly since 2019, has made it challenging to clearly define these concepts, operationalize their constructs, and understand their positive organizational impacts. This article addresses these gaps through a systematic literature review (SLR) that combines quantitative and qualitative analysis. This study begins with a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 3099 articles published between 2010 and 2023 in the Scopus database containing the terms “digital,” “innovation,” and “sustainability” (or “sustainable”). It then covers a detailed qualitative review of 20 high-quality articles from VHB-JOURQUAL-C-ranked journals or higher. By employing an inductive–deductive approach, the authors identify consistent and conflicting definitions, diverse constructs for each D-I-S concept, and numerous positive organizational effects. This article provides a structured overview of existing D-I-S definitions and introduces a model to distinguish environmental, organizational, and solution levels. Additionally, it presents a visual framework of the direct and mediated positive effects of D-I-S in organizations. Overall, these insights underscore the critical role of digital transformation in advancing innovation and sustainability, offering valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners alike. KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Digitalisierung Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su17020415 VL - 2024 IS - 17 SP - 415 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schork, Sabrina ED - Julia, Bentz ED - Jelena Ristić, Trajković T1 - Sustainable Business Model Canvas BT - For Imagining, Designing and Teaching Regenerative Futures T2 - Creative Methods Toolkid N2 - Imagining, designing and teaching regenerative futures is challenging. Educators often lack approaches that allow them to address the complexities of global challenges through new narratives, which make space for the imagination of desirable futures. Commonly in education, we retell the story of an apocalyptic future when speaking about global challenges such as biodiversity degradation and climate change. This narrative, which focuses on the risks and dangers of global environmental change, is built on the assumption that the induced fear might lead to action. This toolkit supports educators who wish to follow a different route. It is based on the assumption that “we can’t create what we cannot imagine” (quote by Lucile Clifton). Consequently, imagining, designing, and teaching regenerative futures is the basis and starting point for actualizing them. The beginning of fundamental change is often hard to track because it first takes place in our minds. Visible, large-scale change arises from invisible, wild ideas and imaginations. According to the philosopher and educator John Dewey, imagination is “the ability to look at things as if they could be otherwise”. This ability to ask “what if?” is central to envisioning and enacting better lives. The lack of broad-scale action towards regenerative ways of living can be seen as a lack of imagination to create shared visions of an alternative future. Collectively envisioning desirable futures provides the motivation and guidance for change, or as the poet Rainer Maria Rilke put it: “the future enters into us, in order to transform itself in us, long before it happens.” This toolkit introduces a broad variety of creative and arts-based methods for regeneration and transformation that can be used in various educational settings. It harnesses the power of creative and arts-based practices, which are increasingly seen as a means of expanding future imaginaries and supporting the development of new scenarios of transformative change. The toolkit was developed within the COST Action SHiFT Social Sciences and Humanities for social transformation and climate change as an initiative of Working Group 3: Creative Practices and Outreach. It comprises a selection of 68 creative methods brought together in a collaborative effort by 124 authors from 31 countries and 6 continents. Its intention is to comprise a valuable resource for educators, teachers, lecturers, community workers, and change-makers who are aiming to empower their learners while providing competencies in regenerative design, climate action, futures thinking, human-nature connection, wellbeing and community engagement. This toolkit is more than a collection of methods but a call to action and a comprehensive resource developed through the synergistic efforts of contributors worldwide. KW - Hochschulunterricht KW - Nachhaltigkeit Y1 - SN - 978-972-9347-64-1 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14000111 VL - 2024 SP - 239 EP - 242 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Schork, Sabrina ED - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Future Skills an Hochschulen: Ein Spannungsfeld? BT - Konzepte, Erwartungen und Praxisbeispiele in Studium und Lehre N2 - Das Buch richtet sich an Hochschullehrende, die Future Skills verstehen und vermitteln möchten. Ziel ist eine präzise Definition dieser Kompetenzen, abgeleitet aus etablierten Frameworks, die Future Skills als essentiell für eine sich wandelnde Welt beschreiben. Es beleuchtet die Aufgaben der Hochschulen und unterschiedliche Perspektiven von Lehrenden und Studierenden. Projekte an verschiedenen Hochschulen bieten Einblicke in die praktischen Herausforderungen und Erkenntnisse. Ein unverzichtbarer Leitfaden für die aktive Gestaltung von Lehre und Hochschulentwicklung. KW - Hochschulunterricht KW - Hochschuldidaktik Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.beltz.de/fachmedien/erziehungswissenschaft/produkte/details/54002-future-skills-an-hochschulen-ein-spannungsfeld.html SN - 978-3-7799-8762-8 PB - Beltz Juventa CY - Weinheim ER - TY - BOOK ED - Schork, Sabrina T1 - Vertrauen in Künstliche Intelligenz BT - eine multi-perspektivische Betrachtung N2 - Der vorliegende Band markiert einen initialen Schritt zur umfassenden Erörterung des Themenfelds ‚Vertrauen in KI‘ aus vielfältigen Blickwinkeln. Dabei wird eine Herangehensweise sowohl aus wirtschafts- und sozialwissenschaftlicher als auch aus informationstechnischer Perspektive gewählt, die zudem interdisziplinäre Aspekte einbezieht. Insgesamt präsentiert der Band fünfzehn Beiträge von 25 renommierten Autorinnen und Autoren, die ihre Expertise aus vierzehn unterschiedlichen Einrichtungen einbringen. Ziel dieser Debatten ist es, Lernende, Lehrende, Forschende sowie Entscheidungsträgerinnen und -träger aus Politik und Wirtschaft dazu zu befähigen, auf Basis von Fakten eine fundierte Meinung zu bilden. Auf dieser Grundlage sollen sie in der Lage sein, gut durchdachte persönliche Entscheidungen im Umgang mit KI zu treffen. KW - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-658-43816-6 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-43816-6 PB - Springer Vieweg ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agel, Lena A1 - Larsen, Valerie T1 - Innovative Lehr- und Lernformen (2): Digitale Lernformate JF - Hebamme KW - Hebamme KW - Studium KW - Lerntechnik Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2351-6937 SN - 0932-8122 VL - 37 IS - 04 SP - 14 EP - 17 PB - Georg Thieme Verlag KG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agel, Lena A1 - Wind, Carolin T1 - Arbeits- und Lernaufgaben im Hebammenstudium JF - Hebamme KW - Hebamme KW - Studium Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2363-1591 SN - 0932-8122 VL - 37 IS - 05 SP - 14 EP - 19 PB - Georg Thieme Verlag KG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Agel, Lena A1 - Pfeifenberger, Hemma A1 - Merbt, Jeanette A1 - Wind, Carolin T1 - Online-Befragung zur aktuellen Situation der Praxisanleiter*innen und Herausforderungen in Deutschland JF - Hebamme KW - Hebamme KW - Berufsausbildung KW - Arbeitsunterweisung KW - Berufspraxis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2405-2302 SN - 0932-8122 VL - 37 IS - 06 SP - 12 EP - 18 PB - Georg Thieme Verlag KG ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Flachs, Dennis A1 - Bernhard, Levin A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - Fully 3D-Printed Rotational Energy Harvester Based On Bipolar Charged PLA Electrets T2 - Micro and Nanotechnology for Power Generation and Energy Conversion Applications (PowerMEMS) N2 - Rotational energy harvesters have emerged as a promising solution for sustainable power generation in a variety of applications, ranging from small-scale devices to large-scale industrial systems. In this work, we present a fully 3D-printed electret rotational harvester based on the biodegradable and compostable polymer polylactic acid (PLA). The 3D-printed harvester consists of a rotor made from a bipolar-charged PLA electret, electrode pairs of conductive PLA that function as the stator, and a PLA bearing. An output power of 61μ W was achieved at a rotational speed of 400 rpm and a load resistance of 28.2MΩ. To assess the durability of the harvester, particularly the 3D-printed bearing, the extent of mechanical wear was examined after one million rotations at a rotational speed of 400 rpm. The findings indicate that the rollers undergo a 1.2% loss in mass, yet the functionality remains intact. The charge decay of PLA electrets is influenced by external factors such as elevated humidity and temperature. Future research will focus on improving the charge stability of PLA by addressing these factors, expanding the potential applications of this rotational energy harvester. KW - rotational energy harvesting KW - PLA KW - electret KW - 3D printing KW - Elektret KW - 3D-Druck KW - Energy Harvesting Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10814467 SN - 979-8-3503-8020-0 U6 - https://doi.org/979-8-3503-8020-0 VL - 2024 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stanik, Eva A1 - Pregler, Jan A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg T1 - Forschung zu Strahlenschäden mit dem Stratosphärenballon-Experiment ASTRABAX T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - Das Stratosphärenballon-Experiment ASTRABAX ist als multimodale Plattform der Material- und Biowissenschaften für Untersuchungen bei extremen Strahlenbelastungen konzipiert, mit Fokus auf dem UV-C-Spektralbereich und der kosmischen Höhenstrahlung. Auswirkungen von Kombinationen aus hoch- und niederenergetischer Strahlung sind relevant, jedoch nicht ausreichend erforscht. KW - Stratosphärenballon KW - Dosimetrie KW - UV-Spektroskopie KW - kosmische Strahlung KW - Strahlenschäden KW - Stratosphären-Ballon KW - Strahlenbelastung Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/125/125_p21.pdf VL - 2024 IS - 125 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ermilova, Elena A1 - Hertwig, Andreas A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stanik, Eva A1 - Cotroneo, Vincenzo A1 - Gibertini, Eugenio T1 - Ellipsometrische Charakterisierung von Polydopamin für funktionelle technische Schichten T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - Dünne Schichten aus dem bionischen Material Polydopamin (PDA) sind heute zunehmend auch für innovative technische Anwendungen von Interesse. Mittels spektroskopischer Ellipsometrie wurde die dielektrische Funktion von PDA vom ultravioletten bis zum nahen infraroten Spektralbereich vermessen. Über ein Modell wurde auch die Dicke dieser selbstorganisierenden Schichten bestimmt. KW - Polydopamin KW - PDA KW - Ellipsometrie KW - Röntgenspiegeln KW - Astronomie KW - Dünne Schicht KW - Röntgenastronomie Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/125/125_b6.pdf VL - 2024 IS - 125 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stanik, Eva A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Pregler, Jan A1 - Kätker, Anna A1 - Busch, Uwe A1 - Friedrich, Peter T1 - Ein Besucherexperiment zur astronomischen Röntgenoptik für das Deutsche Röntgen-Museum T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - Im Rahmen eines gemeinsamen Entwicklungsprojekts entsteht ein neues Besucherexperiment zur astronomischen Röntgenoptik, das im Museumslabor RöLab im Deutschen Röntgen-Museum aufgebaut werden soll. Das Ziel des interaktiven Exponats ist es, Begeisterung für die faszinierende Welt der Röntgenastronomie zu wecken und das Berufsbild eines Astronomen zu vermitteln. KW - Röntgenteleskope KW - Lobster-eye KW - Röntgen KW - Grazing Incidence KW - Wolter KW - Deutsches Röntgen-Museum KW - Röntgenastronomie KW - Experiment Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.dgao-proceedings.de/abstract/abstract_only.php?id=3039 VL - 2024 IS - 125 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Borgeest, Kai T1 - Manipulation of Exhaust Gas Values N2 - This booklet presents background information on the exhaust gas scandal, e. g. pollutants, engine control units, exhaust gas recirculation, exhaust gas aftertreatment, which driving cycles are used for testing, how manipulations on the test bench are possible and in which legal and political environment this happened unnoticed. Measures are presented, how vehicles can comply with legal limits and how manipulations can be prevented legally and politically in future. KW - Kraftfahrzeug KW - emissions KW - Abgasemmission KW - Messung KW - Manipulation Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-658-45864-5 SN - 978-3-658-45863-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-45864-5 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schäfer, Myriam A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg A1 - Hausmann, Michael T1 - Impact of Gold Nanoparticles and Ionizing Radiation on Whole Chromatin Organization as Detected by Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences N2 - In radiation tumor therapy, irradiation, on one hand, should cause cell death to the tumor. On the other hand, the surrounding non-tumor tissue should be maintained unaffected. Therefore, methods of local dose enhancements are highly interesting. Gold nanoparticles, which are preferentially uptaken by very-fast-proliferating tumor cells, may enhance damaging. However, the results in the literature obtained from cell culture and animal tissue experiments are very contradictory, i.e., only some experiments reveal increased cell killing but others do not. Thus, a better understanding of cellular mechanisms is required. Using the breast cancer cell model SkBr3, the effects of gold nanoparticles in combination with ionizing radiation on chromatin network organization were investigated by Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM) and applications of mathematical topology calculations (e.g., Persistent Homology, Principal Component Analysis, etc.). The data reveal a dose and nanoparticle dependent re-organization of chromatin, although colony forming assays do not show a significant reduction of cell survival after the application of gold nanoparticles to the cells. In addition, the spatial organization of γH2AX clusters was elucidated, and characteristic changes were obtained depending on dose and gold nanoparticle application. The results indicate a complex response of ALU-related chromatin and heterochromatin organization correlating to ionizing radiation and gold nanoparticle incorporation. Such complex whole chromatin re-organization is usually associated with changes in genome function and supports the hypothesis that, with the application of gold nanoparticles, not only is DNA damage increasing but also the efficiency of DNA repair may be increased. The understanding of complex chromatin responses might help to improve the gold nanoparticle efficiency in radiation treatment. KW - Krebs, Medizin KW - Strahlentherapie Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312843 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 25 IS - 23 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Failla, Antonio Virgillo A1 - Albrecht, Benno A1 - Spöri, U. A1 - Schweitzer, A. A1 - Kroll, A. A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg A1 - Bach, M. A1 - Cremer, Christoph T1 - Nanostructure Analysis Using Spatially Modulated Illumination Microscopy JF - Complexus N2 - For an improved understanding of cellular processes, it is highly desirable to develop light optical methods for the analysis of biological nanostructures and their dynamics in the interior of three-dimensionally (3D) conserved cells. Here, important structural parameters to be considered are the topology, i.e. the mutual positions and distances, as well as the sizes of the constituting subunits. This has become possible by the development of a novel method of far-field light fluorescence microscopy, spatially modulated illumination (SMI) microscopy. Using this approach, axial distances between fluorescence-labeled targets can be measured with an accuracy close to 1 nm; their sizes can be determined down to a few tens of nanometers. This approach can be extended to the determination of 3D positions and mutual 3D distances and sizes of any number of small objects/subunits that can be discriminated due to their spectral signatures. Consequently, the new approach allows an ‘in situ nanostructure elucidation, until now regarded to be beyond the possibilities of far-field light microscopy. Application examples discussed are: colocalization/nanosizing and topological analysis of large protein-protein complexes, of nucleic acid-protein complexes (such as transcription factories), or of the highly complex DNA-protein nanostructures of which active/ inactive gene regions in the eukaryotic cell nucleus are constituted. KW - Fluoreszenzmikroskopie Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1159/000070464 SN - 1424-8492 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 77 EP - 88 PB - S. Karger AG ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg A1 - Rapp, Alexander A1 - Spöri, Udo A1 - Wagner, Christian A1 - Cremer, Christoph A1 - Hausmann, Michael T1 - Nano-Sizing of Specific Gene Domains in Intact Human Cell Nuclei by Spatially Modulated Illumination Light Microscopy JF - Biophysical Journal KW - Genom KW - Zellkern KW - Fluoreszenzmikroskopie Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1529/biophysj.104.056796 SN - 0006-3495 VL - 88 IS - 6 SP - 4312 EP - 4318 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wagner, Christian A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg A1 - Spöri, Udo A1 - Cremer, Christoph T1 - Beyond nanosizing: an approach to shape analysis of fluorescent nanostructures by SMI-microscopy JF - Optik KW - Fluoreszenzmikroskopie Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2005.05.006 SN - 0030-4026 VL - 117 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 32 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiech, Thorsten A1 - Stein, Stefan A1 - Lachenmaier, Victoria A1 - Schmitt, Eberhard A1 - Schwarz-Finsterle, Jutta A1 - Wiech, Elisabeth A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg A1 - Werner, Martin A1 - Hausmann, Michael T1 - Spatial allelic imbalance of BCL2 genes and chromosome 18 territories in nonneoplastic and neoplastic cervical squamous epithelium JF - European Biophysics Journal KW - Genom KW - Krebs, Medizin Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00249-009-0474-5 SN - 0175-7571 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 793 EP - 806 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kaufmann, Rainer A1 - Müller, P A1 - Hildenbrand, Georg A1 - Hausmann, Michael A1 - Cremer, Christoph T1 - Analysis of Her2/neu membrane protein clusters in different types of breast cancer cells using localization microscopy BT - ANALYSIS OF HER2/neu MEMBRANE PROTEIN CLUSTERS JF - Journal of Microscopy KW - Krebs, Medizin KW - Brustkrebs Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03436.x SN - 0022-2720 VL - 242 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 54 PB - Wiley ER -