TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stieglitz, Veronika A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Sapsai, Iryna A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Burwitz, Vadim T1 - Characterization of a lobster-eye type X-ray telescope T2 - EOSAM-Conference N2 - Lobster-eye type X-ray telescopes use reflecting plano mirrors under grazing incidence and can observe a large field of view. As part of a Bavarian-Czech cooperation, two telescopes were build, equipped with mirrors coated with gold and iridium. Their X-ray characterization was carried out at the PANTER test facility, which simulates parallel starlight incident on the telescopes. The telescopes have an angular resolution of about 4 arc minutes in X-rays and a focal length of about 2 meters. The used X-ray mirrors reflect and focus visible light as well; their functionality in the optical regime was checked in laboratory tests. Now another test campaign will be carried out to examine the telescope resolution for real objects of the visible night sky and the imaging properties for star constellations. KW - Lobster-Eye KW - X-ray KW - telescope KW - iridium KW - mirror KW - Röntgenteleskop KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenspiegel Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.europeanoptics.org/events/eos/eosam2022.html VL - 2022 SP - 1 EP - 1 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rivolta, Giacomo A1 - Basso, Stefano A1 - Civitani, Marta Maria A1 - Cotroneo, Vincenzo A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Michler, Willy-Leopold A1 - Pareschi, Giovanni A1 - Spiga, Daniele A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred T1 - Upgrade of a laboratory X-ray diffractometer to extend its operating range towards soft energies T2 - Proceedings of SPIE N2 - The optical properties of X-ray mirror samples are commonly measured using diffractometers based on laboratory sources; like the Bede D1 diffractometer operating at INAF-OAB. This instrument can generate a collimated X-ray beam up to 60 keV, even though the most interesting energy region for x-ray astronomy applications is usually below 10 keV. In the softest part of this range (below 6 keV), high X-ray absorption in air hinders a full and precise characterization of optical components. In this work, we present an upgrade of the Bede D1 diffractometer that extends the operative range of the instrument below 6 keV; this is done by maximizing the flux at lowest energies and by reducing absorption by means of a helium-rich atmosphere. The upgraded instrument will be used for the tests of X-ray mirrors with innovative soft X-ray coatings, with potential application to the next generation X-ray telescopes (such as ATHENA and eXTP). KW - X-ray KW - mirror KW - reflectivity KW - refractometer KW - ATHENA KW - Röntgenspiegel KW - Diffraktometer Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.spiedigitallibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie/12181/121814S/Upgrade-of-a-laboratory-x-ray-diffractometer-to-extend-its/10.1117/12.2629940.short U6 - https://doi.org/doi: 10.1117/12.2629940 SN - 0277-786X VL - 2022 IS - 12181 SP - 121814S-1 EP - 121814s-7 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krieg, Janina A1 - Carre, Antoine A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Hartmann, Peter A1 - Hull, Tony A1 - Jedamzik, Ralf A1 - Westerhoff, Thomas T1 - The past decade of ZERODUR® glass-ceramics in space applications T2 - Proceedings of SPIE N2 - For the past four decades, ZERODUR® glass ceramics has flown on many satellites including the prominent space missions METEOSAT, Hubble Space Telescope, CHANDRA, and LISA pathfinder. Firstly, this unique material is chosen as mirror substrate for high precision optics due to its extreme thermal stability. Its near-zero thermal expansion over a wide temperature range of several tens of Kelvin is homogenous within the entire volume. This enables control of the ZERODUR®’s surface profile at the 10-picometer level. SCHOTT has conducted comprehensive material characteristics studies on the mechanical properties and the radiation environment effects experienced in realistic orbits to define the suitability of ZERODUR® to survive both high loads during launch and to support long-term missions, respectively. Besides these advantageous material properties, this glass-ceramics can be extremely light-weighted by precision grinding enabled by the new SCHOTT competence center for machining and metrology. In this paper, we will continue to trace the recent developments of ZERODUR® glass ceramics as space material in the context of selected missions flown since 2009 and those anticipated. Major milestones such as the LISA pathfinder mission are discussed. Furthermore, we outline the viable use of ZERODUR® for great observatory architectures for IR/O/UV spaceborne telescopes. The objective of this paper is to supplement an earlier review of the use of ZERODUR® for space applications in the past decade and to summarize the latest progress and results of material studies toward very efficient production capabilities for high-performance light-weighted mirror substrates. KW - mirror KW - space KW - glass ceramics KW - low thermal expansion KW - satellite KW - Spiegelteleskop KW - Zerodur KW - Glaskeramik Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2628956 VL - 2022 IS - 12180 SP - 121805N-1 EP - 121805N-15 PB - SPIE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitt, Paul A1 - Felde, Nadja A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Uschmann, Ingo A1 - Hanemann, Kevin A1 - Siegler, Marie A1 - Klemm, Georg A1 - Gratzke, Nancy A1 - Tünnermann, Andreas A1 - Schwinde, Stefan A1 - Schröder, Sven A1 - Szeghalmi, Adriana T1 - Optical, structural, and functional properties of highly reflective and stable iridium mirrorcoatings for infrared applications: supplement JF - Optical Materials Express N2 - Metallic coatings are essential for numerous optical systems due to their high and broadband refl ectivity in the infrared spectral range. In contrast to well-established (protected)silver and gold mirror coatings, iridium is environmentally durable, referring to ISO 9211-3 and thermally stable up to 600 °C even without protective layers, as demonstrated. Additionally,the optical and related structural properties of atomic layer deposited (ALD) and magnetron sputtered (MS) Ir coatings were investigated using spectrophotometry, FTIR, ellipsometry, WLI, AFM, XRR, XRD, SEM, and electrical resistivity measurements. The properties of Ir ALD and Ir MS coatings diff er due to their topography and microstructure. KW - Iridium KW - mirror KW - ALD KW - Sputter KW - Iridium KW - Beschichtung Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17121509 VL - 2022 IS - 12/2 SP - 545 EP - 559 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmitt, Paul A1 - Felde, Nadja A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Uschmann, Ingo A1 - Hanemann, Kevin A1 - Siegler, Marie A1 - Klemm, Georg A1 - Gratzke, Nancy A1 - Tünnermann, Andreas A1 - Schwinde, Stefan A1 - Schröder, Sven A1 - Szeghalmi, Adriana T1 - Optical, structural, and functional properties of highly reflective and stable iridium mirror coatings for infrared applications JF - Optical Materials Express N2 - Metallic coatings are essential for numerous optical systems due to their high and broadband refl ectivity in the infrared spectral range. In contrast to well-established (protected)silver and gold mirror coatings, iridium is environmentally durable, referring to ISO 9211-3 and thermally stable up to 600 °C even without protective layers, as demonstrated. Additionally,the optical and related structural properties of atomic layer deposited (ALD) and magnetron sputtered (MS) Ir coatings were investigated using spectrophotometry, FTIR, ellipsometry, WLI,AFM, XRR, XRD, SEM, and electrical resistivity measurements. The properties of Ir ALD and Ir MS coatings diff er due to their topography and microstructure. KW - Iridium KW - mirror KW - Sputter KW - ALD KW - Iridium KW - Beschichtung Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.447306 VL - 2022 IS - 12 / 2 SP - 545 EP - 559 ER -