TY - CHAP A1 - Büdel, Johannes A1 - Teigelkötter, Johannes A1 - Stock, Alexander A1 - Kowalski, Thomas A1 - Lang, Klaus T1 - Qualification and verification of high-power battery systems for traction application T2 - 2017 19th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'17 ECCE Europe) N2 - This paper reveals that the standard test procedures for the qualification and verification of traction battery systems are not sufficient in certain cases. In fact, realistic and application-oriented tests on the interaction among the complex battery subsystems are inevitable. To achieve these objectives, a high-performance test bench with the unique selling features of a high voltage/- and current range, extremely low ripple currents, and high dynamics is presented. For the operation of the applied multiphase current-sharing inverter for charging/discharging the device under test (DUT), special control algorithms, especially a current balancing control method, is introduced. KW - Batteries KW - Traktionsbatterie Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Staudt, Stefan A1 - Büdel, Johannes A1 - Kowalski, Thomas A1 - Lang, Klaus A1 - Teigelkötter, Johannes A1 - Stock, Alexander T1 - Optimized Modulation Schemes for the Efficiency Enhancement of Low Voltage Traction Drives T2 - 2017 19th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'17 ECCE Europe) N2 - This paper will present different modulation schemes for optimizing the efficiency of low-voltage traction drives. The converter of the vehicle automatically has to select the most suitable modulation or control scheme depending on the present operating point in order to maximize the efficiency of the complete drive train. Furthermore, the functional principles and algorithms of the individual modulation schemes will be presented, as well as the transition between those schemes. Finally, the performance of the different schemes will be proved by dynamic and stationary tests through fully automatized measurement analysis. KW - Converter machine interactions KW - Electrical machine KW - Direct torque and flux control KW - Measurement KW - ulseWidth Modulation (PWM) KW - Elektrische Maschine KW - Niederspannung KW - Elektroantrieb Y1 - 2017 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8098998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE17ECCEEurope.2017.8098998 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Reisbeck, Tilman A1 - Schöne, Lars Bernhard T1 - Immobilien-Benchmarking: Ziele, Methoden, Nutzen und Praxis N2 - Dieses Werk zeigt Benchmarking als Analysemethode des Immobilien-Controllings besonders im Kontext der Renditeoptimierung und Kostensenkung. In der überarbeiteten 3. Auflage wird seine Anwendung in den Disziplinen Investment- und Portfoliomanagement sowie Asset-, Property- und Facility Management sowie die integrale Bedeutung innerhalb des Immobilienlebenszyklus beschrieben. Die erforderlichen Grundlagen, Methoden, Vorgehensweisen, als auch die einzelnen Bausteine des Benchmarkings werden detailliert und anhand einer Vielzahl von Praxisbeispielen erläutert. KW - Immobilienbewertung KW - Benchmarking Y1 - 2017 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-662-55366-4.pdf SN - 978-3-662-55365-7 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55366-4 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Weithmann, Sabrina A1 - Schmack, Ulrich T1 - Benefits of e-mobility for cross-sector energy management BT - Mobilitätswandel konsequent entwickeln - 2. Internationale ATZ-Fachtagung T2 - Netzintegration der Elektromobilität 2017 KW - Elektromobilität KW - Energiemanagement KW - Elektromobilität KW - Energiemanagement Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.springerprofessional.de/benefits-of-e-mobility-for-cross-sector-energy-management/15036976 SN - 978-3-658-19292-1 SP - 97 EP - 108 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bothen, Martin A1 - Blumör, Alexander A1 - Pregitzer, Gerhard ED - Schulze, Sven-Olaf ED - Tschirner, Christian ED - Kaffenberger, Rüdiger ED - Ackva, Sascha T1 - Werkzeuge für die Entwicklung mechatronischer Systeme mit Methoden des MBSE BT - Paderborn, 08. – 10. November 2017 T2 - Tag des Systems Engineering N2 - Die Entwicklungsmethodik für mechatronische Systeme benötigt eine sehr gute Integrationsfähigkeit der verwendeten (Software-) Werkzeuge für den Systementwurf, den domänenspezifischen Entwurf, sowie für die Systemintegration. Hierzu wurden verschiedene Werkzeuge untersucht, die eine Abbildung des Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) ermöglichen. Insbesondere Werkzeugumgebungen für integriertes und föderiertes MBSE wurden untersucht. Ein Hauptaugenmerk wurde auf die Integration der Simulation in Verknüpfung mit SysML oder ähnlichen Modellen gelegt. Zu diesem Zweck wurde ein Referenzsystem mit verschiedenen Werkzeugen virtuell aufgebaut und der Umfang der Werkzeuge bewertet. Zum Aufbau des Referenzsystems wurde grundlegend mit dem RFLP-Ansatz und der FAS-Methode vorgegangen. Ferner wurde untersucht, ob die vorliegenden Methoden ausreichend sind, um MBSE mit den Werkzeugen zu betreiben. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass die Methoden im Umfeld des MBSE noch weiter ausgearbeitet werden müssen. KW - Mechatronik KW - Systementwicklung Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-446-45538-2 SP - 193 EP - 202 PB - Hanser ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zindler, Klaus A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Huber, Bertold ED - WILEY-VCH, Verlag T1 - Sicher unterwegs - Fortschritte beim aktiven Fußgängerschutz JF - messtec drives Automation KW - aktiver Fußgängerschutz, automatische Brems- und Ausweichmanöver KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem KW - Fußgänger Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.wileyindustrynews.com/restricted-files/161702 VL - 25 IS - 03 SP - 82 EP - 82 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Butz-Seidl, Annemarie T1 - Die Errichtung eines Betriebsgebäudes auf dem "Ehegattengrundstück" als Gestaltungschance ? JF - Gestaltende Steuerberatung N2 - "Doppelte AfA bei Bebauung eines Ehegattengrundstücks": So ähnlich lauteten die Reaktionen auf ein Urteil des BFH (9.3.16, X R 46/14) zur ertragssteuerlichen Behandlung eines Betriebsgebäudes, das ein Unternehmer auf einem auch dem Nichtunternehmer-Ehegatten gehörenden Grundstück errichtet hatte. Neben dem BFH hat sich auch die Finanzverwaltung ausführlich mit diesem Gestaltungsmodell beschäftigt (BMF 16.12.16, IV C 6 - S 2134/15/10003). In einem Musterfall werden Chancen und Risiken gegeneinander abgewogen und Alternativen vorgestellt. KW - AfA; Errichtung Betriebsgrundstück auf "Ehegattengrundstück"; Gestaltungschance; Musterfall; KW - Betriebsgrundstück KW - Ehegatte KW - Bebauung KW - Ertragsteuerrecht Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 IS - 12 SP - 446 EP - 450 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stroß, Markus A1 - Kugler, Gabriela A1 - Schibelbein, Alina A1 - Feldmann, Nina A1 - Böhmer, Cornelia A1 - Beck-Meuth, Eva-Maria T1 - Lecturers’ Views on E-Learning in an Engineering Study Program for Non-traditional Students. An Online Survey. KW - E-Learning KW - Teilstudium KW - Berufstätiger KW - Ingenieurstudium Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON.2017.7942886 SN - 2165-9567 SP - 453 EP - 457 PB - IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) CY - Athen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schibelbein, Alina A1 - Ibsen, Michael A1 - Böhmer, Cornelia A1 - Feldmann, Nina A1 - Stroß, Markus A1 - Beck-Meuth, Eva-Maria T1 - Elektronische Prüfungsformate für berufsbegleitend Studierende, Erprobung im Mathematik-Vorkurs an der Hochschule Aschaffenburg BT - kompetenzorientiertes Lehren, Lernen und Prüfen T2 - Teaching is Touching the Future & ePS 2016 KW - Teilstudium KW - Berufstätiger KW - Mathematik Y1 - 2017 SP - 149 EP - 152 PB - Webler CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mußenbrock, Konrad A1 - Stroß, Markus A1 - Schibelbein, Alina A1 - Böhmer, Cornelia A1 - Feldmann, Nina A1 - Hojas, David A1 - Beck-Meuth, Eva-Maria T1 - Participatory Development of a Bachelor’s Degree Program in Industrial Engineering for Non-traditional Students BT - Proceedings of the 19th ICL Conference - Volume 1 T2 - Interactive Collaborative Learning KW - Wirtschaftsingenieurwissenschaftliches Studium KW - Teilstudium KW - Berufstätiger Y1 - 2017 SP - 600 EP - 608 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Beck-Meuth, Eva-Maria A1 - Mußenbrock, Konrad A1 - Hojas, David T1 - Konzeption eines berufsbegleitenden Bachelor of Engineering mit Anrechnung T2 - Tagungsband zum 3. Symposium zur Hochschullehre in den MINT-Fächern, 25.-26.09.17 KW - Teilstudium KW - Berufstätiger KW - Studiengang Elektro- und Informationstechnik (berufsbegleitend) Y1 - 2017 SN - 1612 – 4537 PB - B. Meissner, C. Walter & B. Zinger CY - Nürnberg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hubert, Andreas A1 - Zernetsch, Stefan A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - Cyclists starting behavior at intersections T2 - 2017 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem KW - Radfahrer Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2017.7995856 SP - 1071 EP - 1077 PB - IEEE CY - Los Angeles, CA, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Eilbrecht, Jan A1 - Bieshaar, Maarten A1 - Zernetsch, Stefan A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Sick, Bernhard A1 - Stursberg, Olaf T1 - Model-predictive planning for autonomous vehicles anticipating intentions of vulnerable road users by artificial neural networks T2 - 2017 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI) KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem KW - Fußgänger KW - Radfahrer KW - Autonomes Fahrzeug Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SSCI.2017.8285249 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IEEE CY - Honolulu, HI, USA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bieshaar, Maarten A1 - Zernetsch, Stefan A1 - Depping, Malte A1 - Sick, Bernhard A1 - Doll, Konrad T1 - Cooperative Starting Intention Detection of Cyclists based on Smart Devices and Infrastructure T2 - 2017 IEEE 20th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem KW - Radfahrer Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2017.8317691 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IEEE CY - Yokohama, Japan ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bieshaar, Maarten A1 - Reitberger, Günther A1 - Kreß, Viktor A1 - Zernetsch, Stefan A1 - Doll, Konrad A1 - Fuchs, Erich A1 - Sick, Bernhard T1 - Highly Automated Learning for Improved Active Safety of Vulnerable Road Users T2 - ACM Chapters Computer Science in Cars Symposium (CSCS-17) KW - Fahrerassistenzsystem Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 CY - München ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Hartmann, Kilian T1 - Einsatz derivativer instrumente für die Integration erneuerbarer Energien in bestehende Strommärkte N2 - Die aktuellen politischen Maßnahmen zur Integration erneuerbarer Energien in den Strommarkt sind ineffizient und teuer, gleichzeitig schädigen sie den bestehenden Markt. Mittels der Kombi-nation fluktuierender und regelbarer erneuerbarer Energien in Kombikraftwerken und der Ver-marktung der Leistung als Derivat am Terminmarkt kann der Spotmarkt entlastet werden. In der Folge reduziert sich die EEG-Umlage und erneuerbare Energien können als gesicherte Leistung im Markt zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Im folgenden Beitrag soll ein organisatorischer Ansatz für die Integration erneuerbarer Energien in den Strommarkt aufgezeigt werden, der den Ausbau der erneuerbaren Energien unter marktwirt-schaftlichen Aspekten ermöglicht, die Versorgungssicherheit gewährleistet und dem bestehenden Kraftwerkspark einen geordneten Umbau hin zu einem flexiblen System ermöglicht. (2) (PDF) Einsatz derivativer Instrumente für die Integration erneuerbarer Energien in bestehende Strommärkte. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317580615_Einsatz_derivativer_Instrumente_fur_die_Integration_erneuerbarer_Energien_in_bestehende_Strommarkte. KW - Erneuerbare Energien KW - Marktintegration KW - Terminmarkt KW - Energiemarkt KW - Erneuerbare Energien Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317580615_Einsatz_derivativer_Instrumente_fur_die_Integration_erneuerbarer_Energien_in_bestehende_Strommarkte U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36571.36645 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krini, Mohammed T1 - Refinement Methods as Preprocessing or Postprocessing for Short-Term Spectra Analysis T2 - 19th Electronic Speech Signal Processing Conference (ESSV ’17), Saarbrücken KW - Frequenzanalyse Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fehrenbacher, Dennis A1 - Rötzel, Peter T1 - Enterprise Social Media and Control System Design T2 - 2017 AFAANZ Conference, Melbourne KW - Social Media KW - Rechnungslegung Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schleier, Max A1 - Adelmann, Benedikt A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Cross-correlation-based algorithm for monitoring laser cutting with high-power fiber lasers JF - IEEE Sensors Journal KW - Detection algorithm, laser cutting, online monitoring KW - Laserschneiden KW - Hochleistungslaser KW - Faserlaser Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2017.2783761 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 1585 EP - 1590 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schleier, Max A1 - Adelmann, Benedikt A1 - Neumeier, Benedikt A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Burr formation detector for fiber laser cutting based on a photodiode sensor system JF - Optics & Laser Technology KW - Unique sensor; Detection of burr formation; Signal characteristics associated to melt bath dynamics; KW - Laserschneiden KW - Faserlaser Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2017.04.027 VL - 96 IS - - SP - 13 EP - 17 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schwarz, Simon A1 - Rung, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - High quality one-dimensional low spatial frequency LIPSS on sapphire generated by Top-Hat beam shaped ultrashort-pulsed laser T2 - MultiScience - XXXI. microCAD International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference KW - Ultrakurzzeitlaser Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Simon A1 - Rung, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Two-Dimensional Low Spatial Frequency Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structuring of Sapphire JF - Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering KW - Femtosekundenlaser Y1 - 2017 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 67 EP - 71 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Adelmann, Benedikt A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - A study of SiC decomposition under laser irradiation JF - Applied Physics A KW - Laserbestrahlung KW - Faserlaser Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 IS - 123 SP - 454 EP - 452 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Adelmann, Benedikt A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Temperature and stress simulation of 4H-SiC during laser-induced silicidation for ohmic contact generation JF - Metals KW - Ohm-Kontakt KW - Laserbestrahlung Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 IS - 7 SP - 545 EP - 553 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Simon A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Fabrication of Cylindrical Lenses by Combining Ultrashort Pulsed Laser and CO2 Laser JF - Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering KW - Zylinderlinse Y1 - 2017 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 76 EP - 79 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwarz, Simon A1 - Rung, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - One-dimensional low spatial frequency LIPSS with rotating orientation on fused silica JF - Applied Surface Science KW - Quarzglas KW - Laserbestrahlung Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 IS - 411 SP - 113 EP - 116 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roth, Gian-Luca A1 - Rung, Stefan A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Ultrashort pulse laser micro-welding of cyclo-olefin copolymers JF - Optics and Lasers in Engineering N2 - We report on the joining of transparent thermoplastic polymers using infrared femtosecond laser pulses. Due to nonlinear absorption, the developed micro-welding process for cyclo-olefin copolymers does not require any intermediate absorbing layers or any surface pre-processing of the welding partners. In view of an optimized and stable micro-welding process, the influence of the welding speed and focal position on both, the quality and shear force strength are investigated. We highlight that welding seam widths of down to 65 µm are feasible for welding speeds of up to 75 mm/s. However, a variation of the welding speed affects the required focal position for a successful joining process. The shear force strength of the welding seam is determined to 37 MPa, which corresponds to 64% of the shear strength of the bulk material and is not affected by the welding speed. KW - Laserschweißen KW - Femtosekundenlaser Y1 - 2017 VL - 93 SP - 178 EP - 181 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Roth, Gian-Luca A1 - Esen, Cemal A1 - Hellmann, Ralf T1 - Femtosecond laser direct generation of 3D-microfluidic channels inside bulk PMMA JF - Optics Express N2 - We report on laser direct generation of 3D-microchannels for microfluidic applications inside PMMA bulk material by focused femtosecond pulses. Inner lying channels with cross sectional areas from 100 µm2 to 4400 µm2 are directly created in the volume of a PMMA substrate. Using the presented process, the channel length is fundamentally unlimited. Here we demonstrate a channel length of 6 meters inside a substrate with dimensions of 20 × 20 × 1.1 mm. The formation of the micro channels is based on nonlinear absorption around the focal volume that triggers a material modification. The modified volume can be selectively opened to form the channel by a subsequent annealing process. The cross section of the channel is strongly influenced by the energy distribution and illumination around the focal volume determined by the optical setup and process design. The 3D channel layout can easily be realized by moving the specimen using 3D motorized stage, allowing freely chosen complex shaped channel architectures. Within a comprehensive parameter study, varying laser power, number of multi-passes, writing speed and writing depths, we identify an optimized process in terms of attainable channel height, width and aspect ratio, as well as process stability and reproducibility. The proof of concept for an application in three dimensional microfluidic systems is provided by florescence microscopy using a dye rhodamine B solution in isopropanol. KW - Femtosekundenlaser Y1 - 2017 VL - 25 IS - 15 SP - 18442 EP - 18450 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - In vitro platform for acoustic and electrophysiological investigations of ultrasound stimulation JF - Brain Stimulation N2 - Since the first time discovered that ultrasound can influence neuronal activity - more than half a century ago - a lot of progress has been made in this field. The possibilities of ultrasound for neuromodulation have been demonstrated in many experiments such as in vivo stimulation of rodent brain or of human cochlear, Further, in vitro experiments with hippocampal slices and other cell types have been performed as well. KW - Neuronales Netz KW - Ultraschall Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2017.01.465 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Emmerich, Florian A1 - Ciba, Stefan T1 - Thin-film Micro-Heater for Fusion Bonding of Teflon-FEP Foils T2 - 21th International Student Conference on Electrical Engineering POSTER 2017 N2 - MEMS-based Micro-Heaters, in combination with thin-film temperature sensors, are often used for providing the necessary amount of thermal energy for sensor-applications. In this work, we propose an integrated micro-heater as actuator for fusion bonding of polymers, which can optimize the production process of electret-based micro-energy-harvesters. By adjusting the design parameters of thermoforming-molds, we can implement thin-film micro-heaters that are capable of generating temperatures of above 300°C for numerous cycles. Utilizing the integrated micro-heater allows local fusion bonding of Fluoroethylenepropylene (Teflon-FEP) foils on a micrometer-scale while reducing unnecessary thermal stress. This is beneficial for the longevity of the micro-energy-harvesters, while simultaneously improving its performance. N2 - Poster KW - Energy-Harvesting KW - Fusion Bonding KW - Micro-Heater KW - SU-8 KW - Teflon-FEP KW - Mikrosystemtechnik Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 IS - POSTER 2017 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ciba, Manuel A1 - Bahmer, Andreas A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - Application of spike train synchrony measure Spike‑contrast to quantify the effect of bicuculline on cortical networks grown on microelectrode arrays T2 - BMC Neuroscience KW - Mikroelektrode KW - Array Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12868-017-0372-1 VL - 2017 IS - 18 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bestel, Robert A1 - Appali, Revathi A1 - van Rienen, Ursula A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - Effect of Morphologic Features of Neurons on the Extracellular Electric Potential: A Simulation Study Using Cable Theory and Electro-Quasi-Static Equations JF - Neural Computation N2 - Microelectrode arrays serve as an indispensable tool in electro-physiological research to study the electrical activity of neural cells, enabling measurements of single cell as well as network communication analysis. Recent experimental studies have reported that the neuronal geometry has an influence on electrical signaling and extracellular recordings. However, the corresponding mechanisms are not yet fully understood and require further investigation. Allowing systematic parameter studies, computational modeling provides the opportunity to examine the underlying effects that influence extracellular potentials. In this letter, we present an in silico single cell model to analyze the effect of geometrical variability on the extracellular electric potentials. We describe finite element models of a single neuron with varying geometric complexity in three-dimensional space. The electric potential generation of the neuron is modeled using Hodgkin-Huxley equations. The signal propagation is described with electro-quasi-static equations, and results are compared with corresponding cable equation descriptions. Our results show that both the geometric dimensions and the distribution of ion channels of a neuron are critical factors that significantly influence both the amplitude and shape of extracellular potentials. KW - Mikroelektrode KW - Array Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01019 VL - 2017 IS - 29 SP - 2955 EP - 2978 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ciba, Manuel A1 - Isomura, Takuya A1 - Jimbo, Yasuhiko A1 - Bahmer, Andreas A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - Spike-contrast: A novel time scale independent and multivariate measure of spike train synchrony JF - Journal of Neuroscience Methods N2 - Background: Synchrony within neuronal networks is thought to be a fundamental feature of neuronal networks. In order to quantify synchrony between spike trains, various synchrony measures were developed. Most of them are time scale dependent and thus require the setting of an appropriate time scale. Recently, alternative methods have been developed, such as the time scale independent SPIKE-distance by Kreuz et al. New method: In this study, a novel time-scale independent spike train synchrony measure called Spike-contrast is proposed. The algorithm is based on the temporal “contrast” (activity vs. non-activity in certain temporal bins) and not only provides a single synchrony value, but also a synchrony curve as a function of the bin size. Results: For most test data sets synchrony values obtained with Spike-contrast are highly correlated with those of the SPIKE-distance (Spearman correlation value of 0.99). Correlation was lower for data containing multiple time scales (Spearman correlation value of 0.89). When analyzing large sets of data, Spike-contrast performed faster. Comparison of existing method: Spike-contrast is compared to the SPIKE-distance algorithm. The test data consisted of artificial spike trains with various levels of synchrony, including Poisson spike trains and bursts, spike trains from simulated neuronal Izhikevich networks, and bursts made of smaller bursts (sub-bursts). Conclusions: The high correlation of Spike-contrast with the established SPIKE-distance for most test data, suggests the suitability of the proposed measure. Both measures are complementary as SPIKE-distance provides a synchrony profile over time, whereas Spike-contrast provides a synchrony curve over bin size. KW - Synchrony KW - Neuronal Networks KW - Point processes KW - Time series analysis KW - Parallel spike trains KW - Neuronales Netz Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.09.008 VL - 2018 IS - 293 SP - 136 EP - 143 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Emmerich, Florian A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - Optimizing dimensions of unipolar Teflon-FEP piezoelectrets with micro-system-technology JF - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - In this work we present a new micro-system-technology based production process for unipolar ferroelectrets. Theoretical analysis of the influence of the air-gap size on the electric field distribution as well as on the induced charge on the electrodes shows superior performance of unipolar piezoelectrets with small air-gaps. For the production of these small air-gaps we developed a new design using a photoresist thermoforming master, an integrated micro-heater and shadow masks for metallization. Unipolar piezoelectrets produced with this technology exhibit increased d33-coefficients compared to designs in previous publications. These piezoelectrets are highly preferable for energy-harvesting applications, as they promise high electric power output. KW - Mikrosystemtechnik Y1 - 2017 VL - 2018 IS - 1052 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Pedell, Burkhard A1 - Rötzel, Peter A1 - Seethamraju, Ravi T1 - Information load, escalation of commitment and culture - an experimental study T2 - Proceedings of the 23rd Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS) N2 - This study analyzes how information influences decision making in escalation of situations. In those situations decision makers follow a losing course of action and invest further resources even when accounting information indicates that the project is performing poorly and should be discontinued. We conducted two experiments with Chinese participants and used a replication of Staw's (1976) often cited case. Our study investigates how different levels of information load influence escalation of commitment of Chinese participants. Contrary to the prior findings in Germany, we find that Chinese decision makers do not escalate when facing different levels of information load. These results, in light of prior studies that find a comparatively strong escalation tendency of Chinese decision makers, are explained along with the limitations and further research. Abstract This study analyzes how information influences decision making in escalation of situations. In those situations decision makers follow a losing course of action and invest further resources even when accounting information indicates that the project is performing poorly and should be discontinued. We conducted two experiments with Chinese participants and used a replication of Staw's (1976) often cited case. Our study investigates how different levels of information load influence escalation of commitment of Chinese participants. Contrary to the prior findings in Germany, we find that Chinese decision makers do not escalate when facing different levels of information load. These results, in light of prior studies that find a comparatively strong escalation tendency of Chinese decision makers, are explained along with limitations and further research. KW - Information load KW - culture KW - escalation of commitment KW - experiment KW - Informationsverhalten KW - Eskalation KW - China Y1 - 2017 UR - https://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2017/AccountingIS/Presentations/6/ IS - 6 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lohmann, Christian A1 - Rötzel, Peter T1 - The Outcome of Renegotiations between Institutionalized Public–Private Partnerships and Their Public Clients JF - International Journal of Public Administration N2 - This study analyzes the renegotiations that take place between institutionalized public–private partnerships (PPPs) and their public clients drawing on survey data on the PPPs of the German Federal Armed Forces. Generally, both the party that initiates such renegotiations and the time at which renegotiations are launched determine the outcome of the PPP’s renegotiated remuneration. This effect is moderated by the degree of contract specificity and by a decrease in demand. Specifically, when the public client initiates the renegotiation of an incomplete contractual agreement due to a decrease in demand, it can successfully reduce the remuneration of the PPP. KW - Public–private partnership (PPP) KW - remuneration KW - renegotiation KW - risk KW - Public Private Partnership Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2017.1298128 VL - 41 IS - 9 SP - 735 EP - 745 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Krüger, Malte A1 - Seitz, Franz T1 - The Blessing of Cash T2 - The Blessing of Cash, International Cash Conference 2017 – War on Cash: Is there a Future for Cash? 25 - 27 April 2017, Island of Mainau, Germany KW - Bargeldloser Zahlungsverkehr Y1 - 2017 SP - 742 EP - 789 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Krüger, Malte T1 - Money and Credit: Lessons of the Irish bank strike of 1970 T2 - ROME Discussion Paper Series, No 2017-13, June 2017 KW - Irland KW - Bank KW - Streik KW - Handelskredit Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider-Störmann, Ludger T1 - Voraussetzung für die Implementierung von Smart Services im IoT T2 - Smart Services und Internet der Dinge KW - Business-to-Business-Marketing KW - IoT KW - Vertriebsingenieur KW - Systemtheorie des Technischen Vertriebs SToTS Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/abs/10.3139/9783446452701.006 SP - 91 EP - 105 PB - Hanser CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Krüger, Malte T1 - The introduction of cashless wage payments and the spread of branch banking in post-war Germany JF - Financial History Review KW - Bargeldloser Zahlungsverkehr KW - Lohn Y1 - 2017 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 185 EP - 207 ER - TY - THES A1 - Hahn, Stefan T1 - Methoden zur nichtlinearen modellbasierten Spurführung benutzerdefinierter Punkte an der Fahrzeugfront KW - Personenkraftwagen KW - Spurführung Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - THES A1 - Amrhein, Sebastian T1 - Wertstoffkreisläufe im Kontext neuer Mobilitätskonzepte KW - Elektrofahrrad KW - Kreislaufwirtschaft KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Recycling KW - Ressourcenökonomie Y1 - 2017 UR - https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/4072 ER - TY - THES A1 - Rücker, Johannes T1 - Automatisierte Detektion und Extraktion von Elektroschrott-Komponenten mit Methoden der Bildverarbeitung und des maschinellen Lernens im Hinblick auf Tantal-Recycling KW - Elektronikschrott KW - Recycling Y1 - 2017 UR - http://geb.uni-giessen.de/geb/volltexte/2017/13368/ ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Krüger, Malte A1 - Seitz, Franz T1 - Kosten und Nutzen des Bargelds und unbarer Zahlungsinstrumente : der Nutzen von Bargeld ; Modul 2 KW - Bargeld KW - Elektronischer Zahlungsverkehr Y1 - 2017 PB - Knapp CY - Frankfurt am Main ER - TY - THES A1 - Mayer, Margot T1 - Einfluss ionisierender Strahlung auf die elektrophysiologischen Eigenschaften sich entwickelnder neuronaler Netzwerke KW - Ionisierende Strahlung KW - Neuronales Netz Y1 - 2017 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:tuda-tuprints-70283 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Emmerich, Florian A1 - Büttner, Andre A1 - Zeising, Sebastian A1 - Stadtmüller, Johannes A1 - Riethmüller, Franziska A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Mingwu, Wen A1 - Proserpio, Laura A1 - Damm, Christine A1 - Rellinghaus, Bernd A1 - Döhring, Thorsten T1 - Influence of sputtering pressure on the nanostructure and the X-ray reflectivity of iridium coatings JF - Surface and Coatings Technology N2 - Reflective mirror coatings made of iridium are used in X-ray telescopes of the Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO) launched in 1999 by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to investigate astronomical sources at photon energies below 10. keV. These coatings were produced in a DC magnetron sputtering process and have so far proven their suitability for space-based applications. We are considering in the present paper the processing of thin iridium films for lightweight telescopes using the radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique with an oblique angle deposition. The coating development presented here is focused on the influence of total sputtering pressure on film properties as well as on its impact on the mirror's performance. Characterisation methods such as X-ray diffractometry, X-ray reflectometry, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy have been used. Correlations between morphology, density, surface micro-roughness, crystal structure of the iridium layer and the expected reflectivity of the X-ray mirror are described and discussed. KW - Iridium KW - sputtering KW - microstructure KW - coating KW - X-ray KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenteleskop Y1 - 2017 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.10.062 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 2017 IS - 343 SP - 101 EP - 107 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Mingwu, Wen A1 - Proserpio, Laura ED - Cugny, Bruno ED - Karafolas, Nikos ED - Sodnik, Zoran T1 - Iridium coatings for space based x-ray optics JF - Proceedings of SPIE N2 - Future investigations of astronomical X-ray sources require light weight telescope systems with large collecting areas and good angular resolution. The Wolter I type telescope design offers a suitable possibility for obtaining performant X-ray mirrors with high collecting areas. The technology based on replicated slumped glass optics using thin glasses thereby provides the opportunity to fulfil the light weight and mass production requirements. In NASA's telescope NuSTAR this technology has been proven as advantageous compared to previous systems. Coating thin glasses with iridium, gold or platinum enhances the reflectivity of X-ray mirrors. KW - Iridium KW - coating KW - X-ray KW - astronomy KW - mirror KW - Iridium KW - Spiegelteleskop KW - Röntgenastronomie Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2296167 VL - 2017 IS - 10562 SP - 105621E-01 EP - 105621E-09 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wegener, Georg T1 - Concepts and Methods from the Field of Vehicle Dynamics for Safety Considerations of Light Electric Vehicles T2 - LEVS2017 - Light Electric Vehicle Summit, 22-23 November 2017, Rotterdam, Netherlands N2 - Vehicle dynamic considerations regarding the safety of lightweight vehicles need to cover different aspects than those regarding conventional automobiles. New problems and effects require dedicated research and modified methods. The present contribution discusses these new challenges covering aspects like specific vehicle design concepts (e.g. three-wheelers) and the significance of human body mass in relation to the total mass. Some initial simulation results are presented that were gained with an example design of a three-wheeled two seater vehicle. The results show that the seating position and number of passengers have a significant influence on the stability against rollover. Thus they illustrate that the mass of the human body is of importance for the dynamic behaviour of the overall system. The article gives a list of further effects like the stiffness and damping properties of the human body and also the influence of the human as part of the system in terms of control engineering. A strategy is suggested which combines computer simulation and road tests. This strategy minimizes the need for costly testbed experiments for optimizing the simulation models. Particularly when simulation is employed in order to reduce the need for sensors that would require complicated structural modification (e.g. force sensors in suspension components). Ideally, sensor application can be limited to inertial sensors and other positioning sensors like GPS. KW - light electric vehicles KW - vehicle dynamics KW - multi body system simulation KW - inertial sensors KW - model verification KW - Leichtfahrzeug KW - Fahrzeugdynamik Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Alber, Oliver A1 - Ehehalt, Ulrich A1 - Markert, Richard A1 - Wegener, Georg ED - Awrejcewicz, Jan T1 - Experimental observations on rotor-to-stator contact T2 - Vibration, Control and Stability of Dynamical Systems N2 - If a flexible rotor contacts its stator, the nonlinearities induced by contact may result in a great variety of vibration phenomena. This article presents experimental results gained at test rigs. Fundamental phenomena are analyzed and discussed. First, a modular kit for rotordynamic experiments is described. The kit allows customizing the properties of rotor and stator that are relevant for the dynamic behavior. The system allows to specify target values for natural frequencies, modal damping, clearance width, contact fric- tion and others. Basic con� gurations based on this kit were used to study the in uence of mass, sti� ness and damping of both rotor and stator, contact fric- tion and misalignment of the stator on the vibration of the rotor-stator system. Extensions of the kit allowed the experimental investigation of systems with a multitude of natural frequencies, highly exible stators and even drop down and overload incidents of rotors supported by active magnetic bearings. The article also analyzes and explains the various vibration phenomena resulting from contact. In particular, resonance diagrams from run-up and run-down processes, orbit plots and frequency spectra are utilized to discuss the dynamic characteristics. The motion types encountered include not only rotor syn- chronous motions, but also multi frequency motions (forward and backward whirl), sub- and super-harmonic motions, motions including sidebands as well as chaotic motions. Emphasis is put on sensitive system parameters and on existence and stability of the various types of motion. KW - Rotor, Maschine KW - Ständer, Technik Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-83-935312-5-7 SP - 9 EP - 24 PB - DSTA CY - Lodz, Poland ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kück, Nico-Wei T1 - In Vitro Platform for Acoustic and Electrophysiological Investigations of Ultrasound Neuromodulation N2 - The quality of life has increased dramatically over the past decades. Approximately one billion individuals worldwide will be aged 65 years or older by 2030. With the increasing age of human population, prevalence of neurodegenerative ailments, such as Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease, increases. Brain pacemakers are proposed to treat their symptoms. They provide the electrical stimulation of neuronal regions of the central or peripheral nervous system. But for the implantation of brain pacemakers, surgery is needed. Those surgical interventions can be avoided by using transcranial stimulation methods such as Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS). However, magnetic fields lack the possibility of focusing. Ultrasound (US) offers transcranial characteristics as well and allows focusing on a specific target area in the brain. Over 60 years ago, the Hodgkin-Huxley (H-H) model was presented to simulate the electrophysiological activity of neurons but it lacks to describe the impact of mechanical soundwaves on action potentials in a neuron. N2 - Poster KW - In Vitro, Ultrasound, Neuromodulation, Neuron KW - Nervenstimulation KW - Ultraschall Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jost, Thomas T1 - Fehlentwicklungen: Hausaufgaben für die Schuldnerländer JF - Euro am Sonntag KW - Eurozone, Reformen, Europäischer Währungsfonds KW - Eurozone Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reuter, Rebecca A1 - Hauser, Florian A1 - Gold-Veerkamp, Carolin A1 - Mottok, Jürgen A1 - Abke, Jörg T1 - Towards a Definition and Identification of Learning Obstacles in Higher Software Engineering Education T2 - EDULEARN17 Proceedings KW - Hochschuldidaktik KW - Software Engineering Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-84-697-3777-4 SN - 2340-1117 SP - 10259 EP - 10267 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Borgeest, Kai A1 - Höfer, Patrik A1 - Seubert, Michael A1 - Stein, Simon T1 - Model Based EGR Control T2 - Proceedings of the Fev Diesel Powertrains 3.0, July 11th & 12th 2017 N2 - Almost stationary control of the correct EGR rate (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) is state of the art. More aggressive emission tests such as WLTP and RDE require a dynamic control of the EGR rate, otherwise a too low EGR rate results in increased NOx emissions, a too high EGR rate in particulate emissions. The difficulty in any EGR control is the missing plant knowledge; the EGR rate is controlled although the present EGR rate is not exactly known. EGR flow sensors are available, but due to additional costs they have not found a broad acceptance. A different approach for high pressure EGR investigated in this paper is a control using a second lambda sensor between EGR and inlet valves. This approach improves the dynamic response, but it might come with costs similar to an EGR flow sensor. Alternatively a model based approach can be used which shows high potential. KW - Exhaust Gas Recirculation KW - Abgasrückführung Y1 - 2017 SP - 64 EP - 66 PB - FEV CY - Aachen ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Borgeest, Kai T1 - Manipulation von Abgaswerten N2 - Dieses kleine Buch stellt Hintergründe zum Abgasskandal dar, z. B. welche Schadstoffe kritisch sind, wie Motorsteuergeräte, Abgasrückführung und Abgasnachbehandlung funktionieren, wie Manipulationen auf dem Prüfstand möglich sind, mit welchen Fahrzyklen getestet wird und in welchem rechtlichen und politischen Umfeld dies lange Zeit unbemerkt mit unterschiedlichen Konsequenzen in der EU und den USA geschehen konnte. Es werden Maßnahmen vorgestellt, mit denen Fahrzeuge auch real gesetzliche Grenzwerte einhalten können und wie Manipulationen zukünftig rechtlich und politisch verhindert werden können. Dem Leser werden durch Literaturhinweise zusätzliche Details erschlossen. KW - Abgasemmission KW - Grenzwert KW - Kraftfahrzeugelektronik KW - Abgase KW - Steuergerät KW - Abgasskandal KW - Abgasrückführung KW - Abschaltfunktion KW - Manipulation KW - Messung KW - Wirtschaftskriminalität Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-3-658-17180-3 PB - Springer-Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Reuter, Carsten T1 - Understanding Directed Sourcing in Triadic Supply Networks N2 - Firms experience that an increasingly complex supply base is a costly investment. In order to keep specialized suppliers but to reduce the effort of managing it, OEMs contract second-tier firms and direct them to first-tier suppliers. We conduct four embedded case studies in the international automotive industry to record types and possible motivations of directed sourcing. Our findings show that directed sourcing triads may be set up to achieve operational efficiencies but also for strategic reasons such as to gain access to foreign markets. This research contributes to literature on triadic supply chains in general and network buyer-supplier relationships specifically. KW - Directed Sourcing KW - Triadic Supply Networks KW - Case Research KW - Beschaffung KW - Supply Chain Management Y1 - 2017 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rücker, Michael T. A1 - Pancratz, Nils A1 - Gold-Veerkamp, Carolin A1 - Pinkwart, Niels A1 - Brinda, Torsten ED - Diethelm, Ira T1 - Workshop zu Alltagsvorstellungen in der Informatik: Erhebungsmethodik und Implikationen für den Unterricht T2 - Informatische Bildung zum Verstehen und Gestalten der digitalen Welt N2 - Ein zentrales Konzept jeder konstruktivistisch geprägten Auffassung von Lernen ist, dass das Vorwissen, die Präkonzepte und ggf. Fehlvorstellungen der Lernenden einen direkten Einfluss auf den Lernprozess haben: sowohl negativ als auch positiv. Speziell für die Informatik gilt, dass Lernende heutzutage von Beginn an in einer Welt aufwachsen, die von informatischen Artefakten und Systemen nahezu vollständig durchdrungen ist. Sie beobachten sie, interagieren mit ihnen und formen so Vorstellungen über ihre Funktionsweisen und Eigenschaften. Sie bilden somit bereits im Alltag und vor dem Beginn jeglicher Schulbildung kohärente Konzeptionen über zentrale Gegenstände und Inhalte der Informatik. Im Rahmen dieses Workshops werden zunächst verschiedene methodische Ansätze und erste Ergebnisse zu Erhebungen solcher Lernervorstellungen vorgestellt. Anschließend sollen diese anhand von drei Leitfragen verglichen und diskutiert werden: Welche Stärken und Schwächen haben die jeweils verwendeten empirischen Methoden bei der Erhebung von Lernervorstellungen in der Informatik? Wie können sie sich ggf. sinnvoll ergänzen? Welche Implikationen haben die erhobenen Vorstellungen für die Unterrichtspraxis? KW - Forschungsmethode KW - Konstruktivismus Y1 - 2017 UR - https://dl.gi.de/bitstream/handle/20.500.12116/4340/paper.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y SN - 978-3-88579-668-8 SP - 393 EP - 401 PB - Köllen Druck+Verlag GmbH CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Klopp, Marco A1 - Gold-Veerkamp, Carolin A1 - Kuhn, Martina A1 - Abke, Jörg T1 - Can Pair Programming Address Multidimensional Issues in Higher Education? T2 - International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL) N2 - To handle heterogeneity within students, to foster needed generic competencies, to motivate them, and to increase their employability, a didactical method to teach and learn programming in non-major degree programs shall be found. Therefore, this paper covers strategies and the theoretical underpinning concerning these four challenges and gives solutions how to cope with them. Finally, Pair Programming is presented as a method that addresses the issues introduced here. KW - Extreme programming KW - Teamwork Y1 - 2017 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-h-ab/frontdoor/index/index/docId/863 SP - 327 EP - 334 PB - Springer ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Nentvich, Ondrej A1 - Urban, Martin A1 - Inneman, Adolf A1 - Sieger, Ladislav A1 - Marsikova, Veronika A1 - Döhring, Thorsten T1 - Development of iridium coated silicon X-ray mirrors for Lobster Eye astronomical telescopes T2 - Proceedings of EOSMOS 2017 N2 - In the field of X-ray astronomy different types of telescope optics based on grazing incidence mirrors can be used. This contribution presents a special design of a Lobster Eye wide-field telescope with mirrors based on flat silicon wafers and the task of coating such mirror substrates with reflective iridium layers. KW - X-ray KW - mirror KW - telescope KW - Lobster Eye KW - iridium KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenteleskop Y1 - 2017 VL - 2017 IS - EOSMOS 2017 SP - 1 EP - 2 PB - European Optical Society ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Proserpio, Laura A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Madarasz, Emanuel A1 - Breunig, Elias A1 - Burwitz, Vadim A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine T1 - Indirect glass slumping of grazing incidence mirror segments for lightweight x-ray telescopes T2 - Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE) N2 - The paper provides a description of recent progress in the development of lightweight, precision and highthroughput grazing-incidence mirrors for X-ray astronomy made of glass. In particular, the indirect slumping technology under investigation at the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) is reviewed and recent activities are presented together with the research approach. The glass slumping technique foresees several steps: a thermal forming process using a suitable mould; a re ective layer application; the alignment and integration of mirror segments into a supporting structure; and the � nal veri� cation of prototype modules using X-rays. Each step is considered at MPE, with the involvement of partner institutes and universities. The last year of activities was mainly dedicated to the procurement of new moulds and to the application of Iridium coating. The main results will be presented. KW - X-ray KW - iridium KW - telescope KW - slumping KW - glass KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenteleskop Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2272671 VL - 2017 IS - 10399 SP - 103991Z-1 EP - 103991Z-7 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Emmerich, Florian A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Friedrich, Peter A1 - Damm, Christine T1 - Development of iridium coated X-ray mirrors for astronomical applications T2 - Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE) N2 - Future space-based X-ray observatories need to be very lightweight for launcher mass constraints. Therefore they will use a reduced mirror thickness, which results in the additional requirement of low coating stress to avoid deformation of the initial precisely shaped mirror substrates. Due to their excellent reflection properties iridium coatings are sometimes applied for grazing incidence mirrors in astronomical X-ray telescopes. At Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences the coating of thin iridium films by an RF-magnetron sputtering technique is under development. The work is embedded in collaborations with the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics in Germany, the Czech Technical University in Prague, the Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera in Italy, the German Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research in Dresden, and the French Institute Fresnel. Sputtering with different parameters leads to iridium films with different properties. The current work is focused on the microstructure of the iridium coatings to study the influence of the substrate and of the argon gas pressure on the thin film growing process. Correlations between coating density, surface micro-roughness, the crystalline structure of the iridium layers, and the expected reflectivity of the X-ray mirror as well as coating stress effects are presented and discussed. The final goal of the project is to integrate the produced prototype mirrors into an X-ray telescope module. On a longer timescale measurements of the mirror modules optical performance are planned at the X-ray test facility PANTER. KW - X-ray KW - telescope KW - mirror KW - iridium KW - coating KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenteleskop Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2273988 VL - 2017 IS - 10399 SP - 103991C-1 EP - 103991C-8 PB - SPIE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten T1 - Critical discussion on the UV absorption properties of Earth's atmosphere T2 - Proceedings of SPIE N2 - Sun´s ultraviolet radiation is classified into UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C bands. Thereby UV-A passes through Earth´s atmosphere, while UV-B is partially absorbed by ozone. The limitations of the commonly accepted statement, that UV-C is always completely absorbed by Earth´s atmosphere, are discussed critically. Below 200 nm the solar spectrum is strongly absorbed by molecular oxygen. The stratospheric ozone layer has strong absorption between 200 nm and 300 nm. However, the “ozone hole” increases UV-B radiation just below 300 nm and may also open a transmitting atmospheric window for harmful UV-C at the overlap region between oxygen absorption and ozone absorption. KW - ultraviolet KW - UV-C KW - absorption KW - atmosphere KW - ozone hole KW - Ozonloch KW - Ultraviolett KW - Atmosphäre KW - Absorption Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2271645 VL - 2017 IS - 10453 SP - 104530I-1 EP - 104530I-10 PB - SPIE ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Döhring, Thorsten ED - Slovak Academy of Sciences Astronomical Institute, T1 - JEUMICO: Czech-Bavarian astronomical X-ray optics project JF - Contributions of the Astronomical Observatory Skalnaté Pleso N2 - Within the project JEUMICO, an acronym for Joint European Mirror Competence, the Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences and the Czech Technical University in Prague started a collaboration to develop mirrors for X-ray telescopes. Corresponding mirror segments use substrates of at silicon wafers which are coated with thin iridium � lms, as this material is promising high re ectivity in the X-ray range of interest. The sputtering parameters are optimized in the context of the expected re ectivity of the coated X-ray mirrors. In near future measurements of the assembled mirror modules optical performances are planned at an X-ray test facility. KW - JEUMICO KW - astronomy KW - mirror KW - iridium KW - Iridium KW - Spiegelteleskop Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.ta3.sk/caosp/Eedition/Abstracts/2017/Vol_47/No_2/pp170-177_abstract.html VL - 2017 IS - 47 SP - 170 EP - 177 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Skala, Petr A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Hudec, Rene T1 - Colors of the universe – market study on optical filters for professional astronomy T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - For astronomers, filters are essential observational tools and in many cases, it is hard for them to find the best supplier. We present list of filters manufacturers and their capabilities sorted and discussed. KW - filter KW - astronomy KW - market study KW - Marktübersicht KW - Optisches Filter Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/118/118_p30.pdf SN - 1614-8436 VL - 2017 IS - 2017 PB - DGaO ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hudec, Rene A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Remisova, Katerina T1 - Lobster Eye Optics & Biomimetics T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - We present optic designs based on biomimetic, namely technical applications of animal eyes principles (here: Lobster Eyes) for the special application of wide field X-ray imaging. Thereby we show and discuss some experimental results and correlate them with simulations. Preliminary results of an ongoing study on other strange animal mirror eyes with potential scientific and technical applications are also discussed. Some of them are based on the principle of multilayer multi-mirror active optics arrangements. The Lobster Eye X-ray optics needs special reflective coatings for a better performance, which are currently developed within the Bavarian-Czech cooperation project JEUMICO. KW - Lobster KW - X-ray optic KW - mirror KW - Röntgenastronomie Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/118/118_a41.pdf SN - 1614-8436 VL - 2017 IS - 2017 PB - DGaO ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Skala, Petr A1 - Inneman, Adolf A1 - Hudec, Rene T1 - JEUMICO – Bayerisch-tschechische Kooperation zur Entwicklung von Röntgenteleskopen T2 - DGaO-Proceedings N2 - Das Projekt JEUMICO wird vom Projektträger BAYHOST im Rahmen eines Programms für bilaterale wissenschaftliche Projekte zwischen Tschechien und Bayern gefördert. Inhaltlich werden von der Hochschule Aschaffenburg und der Technischen Universität Prag hier gemeinsam Röntgenoptiken für ein geplantes astronomisches Experiment an Bord einer NASA-Höhenrakete entwickelt. KW - Röntgenstrahlung KW - Teleskop KW - Astronomie KW - Spiegel KW - Röntgenstrahlung KW - Spiegelteleskop Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.dgao-proceedings.de/download/118/118_p4.pdf SN - 1614-8436 VL - 2017 IS - 2017 PB - DGaO ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Zeising, Sebastian A1 - Salmaso, Bianca A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Proserpio, Laura T1 - Challenges in metrology of mirror segments for X-ray telescopes T2 - Proceedings of the 8th High Level Expert Meeting Asphere Metrology N2 - High angular resolution, large collecting area and reduced weight per unit area are required for astronomical X-ray telescopes of the next generation observatories. New technologies for processing X-ray mirrors are under development to fulfill these needs. One option is to realize a Wolter I type telescope constituted of several hundred nested thin and light-weight X-ray mirror segments. The individual mirror segments need to be coated with an about 100 nm thick film of a high-reflective material to enhance the reflectivity for X-rays. Thereby an accurate shape metrology of the segments is necessary to predict the angular resolution of the astronomical telescope as well as to control the development process of X-ray mirrors. We present the challenges in shape measurements of thin glasses used to control the coating process and first experimental results about the repeatability of the measurements. KW - metrology KW - mirror KW - telescope KW - Spiegelteleskop Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.upob.de/index.php?option=com_phocadownload&view=category&download=198:8th-high-level-expert-meeting-2017-detailed-programme&id=21:upob-high-level-expert-meetings&Itemid=70 VL - 2017 IS - 8 PB - UTOB e.V. CY - Braunschweig ER - TY - PAT A1 - Speit, Burkard A1 - Wolff, Silke A1 - Döhring, Thorsten T1 - LEAD-CONTAINING RADIATION RESISTANT GLASS AND MANUFACTURING THE SAME N2 - PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiation resistant glass having radiation resistance and high transparency.SOLUTION: There is provided a radiation resistant glass containing, by wt.%, the following components: SiO of 12 to 45, BO of 0 to 4, AlO of 0 to 4, TiO of 0 to 5, PbO of 50 to 82, NaO of 0 to 4, KO of 0 to 8, and at least 3 doping agents selected from a group consisting of CeO, MoO, BiO, WO, AgO, SnO, SbO and AsO where the total of these doping agents are at least at 0.1 wt.% and the weight percentage of AsO is 0 to <0.2%. KW - Glas KW - glass KW - space KW - radiation resistant Y1 - 2017 UR - https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=JP&NR=6081532B2&KC=B2&FT=D&ND=4&date=20170215&DB=EPODOC&locale=en_EP# ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Stehlikova, Veronika A1 - Urban, Martin A1 - Nentvich, Ondrej A1 - Inneman, Adolf A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine ED - Hudec, Rene T1 - Study of lobster eye optics with iridium coated X-ray mirrors for a rocket experiment T2 - Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE) N2 - In the field of astronomical X-ray telescopes, different types of optics based on grazing incidence mirrors can be used. This contribution describes the special design of a lobster-eye optics in Schmidt's arrangement, which uses dual reflection to increase the collecting area. The individual mirrors of this wide-field telescope are made of at silicon wafers coated with reflecting iridium layers. This iridium coatings have some advantages compared to more common gold layers as is shown in corresponding simulations. The iridium coating process for the X-ray mirrors was developed within a cooperation of the Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences and the Czech Technical University in Prague. Different mirror parameters essential for a proper function of the X-ray optics, like the surface microroughness and the problematic of a good adhesion quality of the coatings were studied. After integration of the individual mirrors into the final lobster-eye optics and the corresponding space qualification testing it is planned to fly the telescope in a recently proposed NASA rocket experiment. KW - Lobster Eye KW - Iridium KW - mirror KW - coating KW - Iridium KW - Spiegelteleskop KW - optische Schicht Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265769 VL - 2017 IS - 10235 SP - 1023505-1 EP - 1023505-7 PB - SPIE International Society for Optics and Photonics CY - Bellingham WA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Döhring, Thorsten A1 - Probst, Anne-Catherine A1 - Stollenwerk, Manfred A1 - Emmerich, Florian A1 - Stehlíková, Veronika A1 - Inneman, Adolf ED - Hudec, René ED - Pina, Ladislav T1 - Prototyping iridium coated mirrors for X-ray astronomy T2 - Proceedings of the International Society for Optics and Photonics N2 - X-ray astronomy uses space-based telescopes to overcome the disturbing absorption of the Earth´s atmosphere. The telescope mirrors are operating at grazing incidence angles and are coated with thin metal films of high-Z materials to get sufficient reflectivity for the high-energy radiation to be observed. In addition the optical payload needs to be light-weighted for launcher mass constrains. Within the project JEUMICO, an acronym for “Joint European Mirror Competence”, the Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences and the Czech Technical University in Prague started a collaboration to develop mirrors for X-ray telescopes. The X-ray telescopes currently developed within this Bavarian- Czech project are of Lobster eye type optical design. Corresponding mirror segments use substrates of flat silicon wafers which are coated with thin iridium films, as this material is promising high reflectivity in the X-ray range of interest. The deposition of the iridium films is based on a magnetron sputtering process. Sputtering with different parameters, especially by variation of the argon gas pressure, leads to iridium films with different properties. In addition to investigations of the uncoated mirror substrates the achieved surface roughness has been studied. Occasional delamination of the iridium films due to high stress levels is prevented by chromium sublayers. Thereby the sputtering parameters are optimized in the context of the expected reflectivity of the coated X-ray mirrors. In near future measurements of the assembled mirror modules optical performances are planned at an X-ray test facility. KW - X-ray KW - iridium KW - mirror KW - lightweight optic KW - Lobster Eye KW - Iridium KW - Röntgenastronomie KW - Spiegelteleskop Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2265931 VL - 2017 IS - 10235 SP - 1023504-1 EP - 1023504-8 PB - SPIE International Society for Optics and Photonics CY - Bellingham WA ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gold-Veerkamp, Carolin A1 - Abke, Jörg A1 - Diethelm, Ira T1 - What About Misconceptions in Software Engineering? T2 - Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) N2 - In Software Engineering education didactical foundation is still at its beginnings. In recent years, this topic is put into stronger focus, as Software Engineering becomes more and more important in our everyday life. However, it is hard to teach and learn, because of diverse factors, e.g. the immateriality of the product. Therefore it is significant to improve the learning process on the one hand and to minimise obstacles to learning on the other hand. Other disciplines – with a long historical background in their ”Fachdidaktik” (e.g., biology or chemistry) – have already dealt with one sort of learning barriers; so-called misconceptions. The hurdle that misconceptions create can and will be explained by the constructivist learning theory. This paper covers a research approach to identify, analyse, filter and Cluster misconceptions in Software Engineering. KW - Software Engineering Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-5090-5466-4 SP - 704 EP - 708 PB - IEEE ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bieshaar, Maarten A1 - Reitberger, Günther A1 - Zernetsch, Stefan A1 - Sick, Bernhard A1 - Fuchs, Erich A1 - Doll, Konrad T1 - Detecting intentions of vulnerable road users based on collective intelligence T2 - AAET – Automatisiertes und vernetztes Fahren N2 - Vulnerable road users (VRUs, i.e. cyclists and pedestrians) will play an important role in future traffic. To avoid accidents and achieve a highly efficient traffic flow, it is important to detect VRUs and to predict their intentions. In this article a holistic approach for detecting intentions of VRUs by cooperative methods is presented. The intention detection consists of basic movement primitive prediction, e.g. standing, moving, turning, and a forecast of the future trajectory. Vehicles equipped with sensors, data processing systems and communication abilities, referred to as intelligent vehicles, acquire and maintain a local model of their surrounding traffic environment, e.g. crossing cyclists. Heterogeneous, open sets of agents (cooperating and interacting vehicles, infrastructure, e.g. cameras and laser scanners, and VRUs equipped with smart devices and body-worn sensors) exchange information forming a multi-modal sensor system with the goal to reliably and robustly detect VRUs and their intentions under consideration of real time requirements and uncertainties. The resulting model allows to extend the perceptual horizon of the individual agent beyond their own sensory capabilities, enabling a longer forecast horizon. Concealments, implausibilities and inconsistencies are resolved by the collective intelligence of cooperating agents. Novel techniques of signal processing and modelling in combination with analytical and learning based approaches of pattern and activity recognition are used for detection, as well as intention prediction of VRUs. Cooperation, by means of probabilistic sensor and knowledge fusion, takes place on the level of perception and intention recognition. Based on the requirements of the cooperative approach for the communication a new strategy for an ad hoc network is proposed. The evaluation is done using real data gathered with a research vehicle, a research intersection with public traffic and mobile devices. KW - Verkehrsverhalten Y1 - 2017 SP - 67 EP - 87 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lieb, Florian A1 - Stark, Hans-Georg A1 - Thielemann, Christiane T1 - A stationary wavelet transform and a time-frequency based spike detection algorithm for extracellular recorded data JF - Journal of Neural Engineering N2 - Objective. Spike detection from extracellular recordings is a crucial preprocessing step when analyzing neuronal activity. The decision whether a specific part of the signal is a spike or not is important for any kind of other subsequent preprocessing steps, like spike sorting or burst detection in order to reduce the classification of erroneously identified spikes. Many spike detection algorithms have already been suggested, all working reasonably well whenever the signal-to-noise ratio is large enough. When the noise level is high, however, these algorithms have a poor performance. Approach. In this paper we present two new spike detection algorithms. The first is based on a stationary wavelet energy operator and the second is based on the time-frequency representation of spikes. Both algorithms are more reliable than all of the most commonly used methods. Main results. The performance of the algorithms is confirmed by using simulated data, resembling original data recorded from cortical neurons with multielectrode arrays. In order to demonstrate that the performance of the algorithms is not restricted to only one specific set of data, we also verify the performance using a simulated publicly available data set. We show that both proposed algorithms have the best performance under all tested methods, regardless of the signal-to-noise ratio in both data sets. Significance. This contribution will redound to the benefit of electrophysiological investigations of human cells. Especially the spatial and temporal analysis of neural network communications is improved by using the proposed spike detection algorithms. KW - spike detection KW - wavelet TEO KW - extracellular recording KW - Neuronales Netz Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/aa654b VL - 2017 IS - 14 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jost, Thomas A1 - Reitz, Stefan T1 - 25 Jahre Maastrichter Verträge - reale Divergenzen und institutionelle Reformen JF - Wirtschaftsdienst - Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik KW - Maastricht, Eurozone, Euro, Konvergenz KW - Maastrichter Vertrag Y1 - 2017 VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 124 EP - 129 PB - Springer ER -