<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>2044</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>23</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>19</issue>
    <volume>14</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-10-02</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2021-10-02</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Design Rules for Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Combining Selective Laser Melting and Micromilling</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We report on a comprehensive study to evaluate fundamental properties of a hybrid&#13;
manufacturing approach, combining selective laser melting and high speed milling, and to characterize&#13;
typical geometrical features and conclude on a catalogue of design rules. As for any additive&#13;
manufacturing approach, the understanding of the machine properties and the process behaviour as&#13;
well as such a selection guide is of upmost importance to foster the implementation of new machining&#13;
concepts and support design engineers. Geometrical accuracy between digitally designed and&#13;
physically realized parts made of maraging steel and dimensional limits are analyzed by stripe line&#13;
projection. In particular, we identify design rules for numerous basic geometric elements like walls,&#13;
cylinders, angles, inclinations, overhangs, notches, inner and outer radii of spheres, chamfers in build&#13;
direction, and holes of different shape, respectively, as being manufactured by the hybrid approach&#13;
and compare them to sole selective laser melting. While the cutting tool defines the manufacturability&#13;
of, e.g., edges and corners, the milling itself improves the surface roughness to Ra &lt; 2 µm. Thus,&#13;
the given advantages of this hybrid process, e.g., space-resolved and custom-designed roughness&#13;
and the superior geometrical accuracy are evaluated. Finally, we exemplify the potential of this&#13;
particular promising hybrid approach by demonstrating an injection mold with a conformal cooling&#13;
for a charge socket for an electro mobile</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Design and Post Processing for Metal Additive Manufacturing</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/19/5753</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195753</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>David Sommer</author>
    <author>Babette Götzendorfer</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hybrid additive manufacturing; high-speed milling; selective laser melting; construction rules</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Selektives Laserschmelzen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Hochgeschwindigkeitsfräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Angewandte Lasertechnik und Photonik (alp)</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-h-ab/files/2044/materials-14-05753.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>2045</id>
    <completedYear>2022</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>15</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-02-07</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2022-02-07</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Tool Wear and Milling Characteristics for Hybrid Additive Manufacturing Combining Laser Powder Bed Fusion and In Situ High-Speed Milling</title>
    <abstract language="deu">We report on milling and tool wear characteristics of hybrid additive manufacturing comprising laser powder bed fusion and in situ high-speed milling, a particular process in which the cutter mills inside the powder bed without any cooling lubricant being applicable. Flank wear is found to be the dominant wear characteristic with its temporal evolution over utilization period revealing the typical s-shaped dependence. The flank wear land width is measured by microscopy and correlated to the achievable surface roughness of milled 3D-printed parts, showing that for flank wear levels up to 100 μm a superior surface roughness below 3 μm is accessible for hybrid additive manufacturing. Further, based on this correlation recommended tool, life scenarios can be deduced. In addition, by optimizing the finishing tool start position and the number of afore-built layers, the milling process is improved with respect to the maximum millable angle for undercut surfaces of 3D-printed parts to 30° for the roughing process and to 40° for the entire machining process including finishing</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Ultra-Precision Manufacturing Technology for Difficult-to-Machine Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/3/1236</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15031236</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>David Sommer</author>
    <author>Dominik Pape</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>hybrid additive manufacturing; high-speed milling; laser powder bed fusion; tool wear</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Hochgeschwindigkeitsfräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Werkzeugverschleiß</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="">Angewandte Lasertechnik und Photonik (alp)</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-h-ab/files/2045/materials-15-01236-v2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1926</id>
    <completedYear>2020</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2020-09-29</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Current results on laser-based production of complex optics in glass</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">10. Wetzlarer Herbsttagung "Moderne Optikfertigung", 29. - 30. September 2020, Wetzlar</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laserbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Fertigungstechnik</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1927</id>
    <completedYear>2020</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2020-12-03</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">UKP-Prozess mit anschließendem CO2-Laserpolieren zur Fertigung komplexer Optiken</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">10. Workshop Laserbearbeitung von Glaswerkstoffen</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Linse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Array</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laserbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Ultrakurzzeitlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Kohlendioxidlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1929</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>032004</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>032004</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>33</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-06-14</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Development and evaluation of an image processing algorithm for monitoring fiber laser fusion cutting by a high-speed camera</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Applications</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="url">https://doi.org/10.2351/7.0000391</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2351/7.0000391</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Max Schleier</author>
    <author>Benedikt Adelmann</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Uwe Glatzel</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser cutting</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Image processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Optical imaging</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Image sensors</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser applications</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Faserlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laserschneiden</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Bildverarbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1932</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>42</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>46</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>16</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-02-01</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Tangential Laser Turning of Fused Silica Using Ultra-short Laser Pulses</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Laser turning with ultra-short laser pulses provides the possibility of manufacturing rotationally symmetric geometries, even of hard to machine materials as fused silica, down to a micrometer scale. In this laser micro machining approach, the laser beam is oriented perpendicularly to the rotational axis and tangentially to the material, whereas the target geometry is realized by moving the constantly rotating specimen according to the specified geometry under the focused laser spot. Due to the fric-tion-less laser ablation it is possible to realize a turning process in fused silica without the use of a contacting tool and therefore without causing mechanical tensions in the work piece. The processing head focuses the laser to a calculated spot size of 18 μm in diameter and the applied processing gas pressure assists in removing the ablated material. In this study, femto-second laser turning of fused silica with a diameter of 3.7 mm is investigated. The influence of the applied pulse energy is stated and the use of a trepanning optic during the turning process is characterized. Furthermore, compre-hensive parameter studies in order to optimize roughness and to find the maximum achievable abla-tion rate are shown. Limited by the mechanical speed of the rotational axis, the highest feasible abla-tion rate is 19.5 mm³/min. A roughness of Ra 0.65 μm are demonstrated.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2961/jlmn.2021.01.2008</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Julian Zettl</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultra-short Laser Pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Laser Turning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Fused Silica</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ablation Rate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Process Efficiency</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laserbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Mikrobearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Quarzglas</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Ultrakurzer Lichtimpuls</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1933</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1562</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1568</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>68</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-07-07</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser turning with ultrashort laser pulses</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We report on a comprehensive micromachining study of rotationally symmetric parts using femtosecond laser. A&#13;
laser turning process with tangential impingement of the laser radiation complemented by a trepanning optics is&#13;
implemented as to accomplish a true laser lathe micromachining approach. With the objective of optimized&#13;
ablation rate and reduced surface roughness, the influence of pulse energy, feed rate, trepanning diameter and&#13;
angular beam incidence, respectively, is investigated for processing stellite rods. We find the smallest feasible&#13;
feature sizes of 8.5 μm in diameter and smoothest surfaces with an arithmetic average of the roughness profile as&#13;
low as 0.18 μm. The surface roughness, however, appears to be limited by the occurrence of laser induced periodic&#13;
surface structures provoked by the femtosecond laser radiation. Furthermore, the variation of the fluence&#13;
in accordance to the incidence on a curved surface is discussed and the heat input into the material is examined&#13;
through a longitudinal cross section.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Manufacturing Processes</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.jmapro.2021.06.025</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Julian Zettl</author>
    <author>Maximilian Klar</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ultrashort laser pulses</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Turning</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Ablation rate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tangential processing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Trepanning optic</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Ultrakurzer Lichtimpuls</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laserbearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Mikrobearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1923</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>282</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>285</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>46</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-01-15</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Enhanced ablation efficiency using GHz bursts in micromachining fused silica</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Optics Letters</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Fräsen</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Mikrobearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Quarzglas</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1924</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1018</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1018</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>11</issue>
    <volume>2021</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-01-23</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Compact Beam Homogenizer Module with Laser-Fabricated Lens-Arrays</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">applied sciences</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Babette Götzendorfer</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Linse</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Array</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1925</id>
    <completedYear>2021</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>deu</language>
    <pageFirst>23477</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>23486</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>15</issue>
    <volume>29</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2021-07-19</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="deu">Ultrashort pulsed laser backside ablation of fused silica</title>
    <parentTitle language="deu">Optics Express</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Quarzglas</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Mikrobearbeitung</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1580</id>
    <completedYear>2019</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>13</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>43</issue>
    <volume>7</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2019-05-17</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>2019-05-17</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Possibilities of Dry and Lubricated Friction Modification Enabled by Different Ultrashort Laser-Based Surface Structuring Methods</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this contribution we report on the possibilities of dry and lubricated friction modification&#13;
introduced by different laser surface texturing methods. We compare the potential of Laser-Induced&#13;
Periodic Surface Structures and Laser Beam Interference Ablation on 100Cr6 steel in a linear&#13;
reciprocating ball-on-disc configuration using 100Cr6 steel and tungsten carbide balls with load&#13;
forces between 50mN and 1000 mN. For dry friction, we find a possibility to reduce the coefficient&#13;
of friction and we observe a pronounced direction dependency for surfaces fabricated by Laser&#13;
Beam Interference Ablation. Furthermore, Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures result in&#13;
a load-dependent friction reduction for lubricated linear reciprocating movements. This work helps&#13;
to identify the modification behaviour of laser generated micro structures with feature sizes of&#13;
approximately 1μm and reveals new possibilities for surface engineering</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Lubricants</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/lubricants7050043</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Kevin Bokan</author>
    <author>Frederick Kleinwort</author>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Peter Simon</author>
    <author>Jan-Hendrik Klein-Wiele</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>laser-induced periodic surface structures</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>laser beam interference ablation</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>dry friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>lubricated friction</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>laser surface texturing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Oberflächenstruktur</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-h-ab/files/1580/lubricants-07-00043-v2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1581</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>160</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>165</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-12-01</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures on 100Cr6 Steel for Modification of Friction Demonstrated with Stribeck Test</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this contribution, we report on surface functionalization by introducing laser induced periodic surface structures on 100Cr6 bearing steel to modify complex tribological properties. The advanced approach of this study is the measurement of the coefficient of friction by performing a ball-on-disk Stribeck test on laser structured surfaces with polytetrafluoroethylene balls in a lubricant environment. The Stribeck test reveals the modified friction behavior using translation speeds up to 106 mm/min and load forces between 100 mN and 5000 mN. Our results show increased stiction and coefficient of friction for laser structured surfaces in the regime of boundary lubrication which is attributed to the laser induced surface asperities. Decreased coefficient of friction is observed in the regime of mixed and hydrodynamic lubrication, i.e. for velocities higher than 1000 mm/min, for surfaces covered by laser induced periodic surface structures with low spatial frequency.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.2961/jlmn.2018.03.0004</identifier>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Kevin Bokan</author>
    <author>Kevin Rutsch</author>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Laser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Oberflächenstruktur</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
    <file>https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-h-ab/files/1581/775904578c8f8fb46e0c044125111df2.pdf</file>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1585</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>23287</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>23294</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>18</issue>
    <volume>26</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-09-03</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Fabrication of a high-quality axicon by femtosecond laser ablation and CO2 laser polishing for quasi-Bessel beam generation</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Optics Express</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1588</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>292</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>295</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-12-01</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Influence of pulse duration on high-precision manufacturing of 3D geometries</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Dreidimensionale Geometrie</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1589</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>90</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>94</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-09-01</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Homogeneous low spatial frequency LIPSS on dielectric materials generated by beam-shaped femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1590</id>
    <completedYear>2020</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>012001</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>012001</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>1</issue>
    <volume>32</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2020-02-16</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Rapid fabrication of precise glass axicon arrays by an all laser-based manufacturing technology</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Applications</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1591</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1624</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>1624</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>9</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-09-12</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Surface Plasmon Polariton Triggered Generation of 1D-Low Spatial Frequency LIPSS on Fused Silica</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Applied Sciences</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">0</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Simon Schwarz</author>
    <author>Stefan Rung</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Quarzglas</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1571</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>032016-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>032016-6</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>30</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-08-08</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Control of femtosecond laser generated microfluidic channels inside poly (methyl methacrylate)</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this study, the authors report on femtosecond laser direct generation of microchannels inside poly(methyl methacrylate) with variable dimensions ranging from a channel height of 20 to 350 μm and an aspect ratio down to 1.2. Focused ultrashort laser pulses are used to trigger a material modification in the focal area which can be selectively opened by a subsequent annealing process. A 3D microchannel architecture can easily be realized by moving the specimen using motorized stages, allowing freely chosen complex shaped channel layouts. While the laser wavelength is identified as one of the main parameters determining process effectiveness, another core of this study is the variation of channel dimensions by the numerical aperture of the applied objective to focus the laser. The authors find that both size and shape of the modified region and the resulting microchannel can be controlled by altering the numerical aperture.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Applications</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Gian-Luca Roth</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Polymethylmethacrylate</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1573</id>
    <completedYear>2019</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>022603-1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>022603-5</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>2</issue>
    <volume>31</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2019-05-10</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Circular microchannels inside bulk polymethylmethacrylate generated by femtosecond laser using slit beam shaping</title>
    <abstract language="eng">The authors report on the laser generation of three-dimensional microchannel architectures with fundamentally unlimited channel length by focused 514 nm femtosecond laser pulses inside polymethylmethacrylate bulk material. The three-dimensional channel layout is implemented by moving the specimen using three-dimensional motorized stages, allowing freely chosen complex shaped channel architectures. Based on nonlinear absorption of high intensities around the focal volume, a material modification, including a refractive-index shift is triggered. After laser exposure, the channel is created by a gaseous degradation of exposed areas during an annealing process. Cross section and aspect ratio of thus generated microchannels are strongly influenced by the numerical aperture of the applied objective. To obtain a circular cross-sectional shape, high focusing objectives are necessary. In this report, the authors improve the existing setup by using an elliptical input beam, transforming the intensity distribution of the focal area in the propagation direction to a circular shape even for low and medium numerical aperture focusing objectives and therefore avoiding a small working distance as a limiting factor for processing depth. The elliptical input beam is obtained by insertion of a slit mask in front of the focusing objective. The ellipticity of the incident beam defines the aspect ratio of the generated microchannels. Furthermore, the size of internal microchannels is adjustable by varying laser and annealing process parameters.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Applications</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Gian-Luca Roth</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>1574</id>
    <completedYear>2018</completedYear>
    <publishedYear/>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>155</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>159</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>3</issue>
    <volume>13</volume>
    <type>article</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2018-01-12</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Vertical Microchannels for Microfluidic Multilayer Interconnections in PMMA</title>
    <abstract language="eng">We report on laser generation of microchannels by focused femtosecond laser pulses inside PMMA bulk material. This process enables direct fabrication of three dimensional microfluidic channel architectures with generally unlimited channel length. Based on nonlinear ultrashort pulse laser absorption of high intensities around the focal volume, a material modification including a refractive index shift is triggered. After laser exposure the channel is created by a gaseous degradation of exposed areas during an annealing process. The 3D channel layout can easily be realized by moving the specimen using 3D motorized stages, allowing freely chosen complex shaped channel architectures. In this report, the creation of inner lying vertical microchannels is examined. In addition to previously shown horizontal channel architectures vertical channels are necessary to fulfill the definition of an internal three-dimensional microfluidic structure and to create interconnections in multilevel lab on chip devices. The cross section and geometry of vertical channels are strongly influenced by laser parameters such as pulse duration, laser power and writing speed. The influence of these process parameters on the channels diameter is determined and parameters are optimized regarding a controllable, stable and reproducible process. The functionality of vertical microchannels as an interconnection between multilayer microfluidic devices is demonstrated using a Rhodamine B solution.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering</parentTitle>
    <enrichment key="copyright">1</enrichment>
    <licence>Keine Lizenz - es gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht</licence>
    <author>Gian-Luca Roth</author>
    <author>Cemal Esen</author>
    <author>Ralf Hellmann</author>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Polymethylmethacrylate</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>deu</language>
      <type>swd</type>
      <value>Femtosekundenlaser</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Intelligent Sensors and Signals</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Innovative Material Processing</collection>
    <collection role="forschungsschwerpunkte" number="">Material Testing &amp; Sensor Technology</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
