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In its over 40-year history, Behavior and Social Issues has published articles on a wide range of topics related to important social issues such as environmental sustainability, criminal justice, collective violence, and diversity and bias. These are topics that are rarely or have only been recently covered in other behavior-analytic journals. In 2019, Behavior and Social Issues became an official publication of the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI) and continues to publish peer-reviewed, scholarly articles using cultural analysis and behavior science to address large-scale social issues occurring across the globe (Luke et al., 2017).
Purpose:
Many students have difficulties in public speaking because of their use of filled pauses (e.g., utterances like “um”; misuse of the word “like”). Mancuso and Miltenberger used habit reversal to decrease filled pauses in public speaking. The present study aimed at replicating this study as a student project.
Method:
Participants were four undergraduate students of social work. The training phase and total number of sessions were shortened compared to the original study.
Results:
The mean number of responses (filled pauses) per minute decreased throughout the study and during follow-up measurement.
Discussion:
Nevertheless, the replication of experimental control wasn’t successful because three of the four participants showed a decrease in response frequency already during the baseline. As a project, the study demonstrates that students of social work with only rudimentary training in single systems research methods can implement evidence-based practice procedures in their work with clients.
There are novel structures of society such as Industry 4.0 and Connected Industries. Under the structures, a novel safety management system considering man-machine interaction is very important topic. Safety 2.0, a new safety control, is proposed from Japan. It seems that direct and quantitative validity of risk assessment and risk reduction measure such as reinforcement of safety behavior and/or reduction of unsafe behavior is now not sufficiently accomplished. Some quantitative assessment for residual risks focusing on worker's behavior is necessary to make Vision Zero function better. We introduce to a principle of Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) which might be applicable to reduce residual risk for safety of workers. BBS, focused on behavioral modification using principle of reinforcement, is one group of Behavior Analysis of Psychology. Goals of BBS is prediction, control and quantitative measurement of target behavior.
Risk distribution method from worker behavior measurement using Behavior-Based Safety procedure
(2021)
For the purpose of optimizing work behavior to prevent human error, we conducted an experiment to measure human behavior in an experimental environment imitating a worksite. The experimental results were divided into each stage of work execution, and detailed analysis was performed by a behavior analysis method. As a result, as measures to optimize work behavior, work standards (rules) have been improved (measures by providing information), machine design changes (essential measures), and procedures have been changed to take into account error prevention (equipment-like). In addition, it became clear that it is possible to classify workers themselves into training (measures by behavior change). This result seems to be useful as one of the methods to disperse risk measures for avoiding human error.
Objective:
Behavioral activation constitutes a promising behavioral treatment for depression. Due to its contextual and idiographic approach, the intervention might be well suited for treating depression in culturally diverse populations.
Method:
The authors conducted a systematic literature review on culturally adapted behavioral activation treatments.
Results:
Seventeen studies were identified through database searching involving different target populations and a variety of adapted interventions. Circumstances were frequently shaped by cultural values and a wide range of environmental stressors. Adaptations were found in different dimensions including language, content, methods, and context. Across studies, results indicated the effectiveness of behavioral activation and its cultural adaptations for treating depression in their respective target groups.
Discussion:
The results of this review may serve as an input both for practitioners employing behavioral activation in their daily work with culturally diverse clients and for researchers interested in culturally adapting treatment to specific populations.
In Japan entwickeln und überprüfen Forscher neuartige Systeme für mehr Arbeitssicherheit auf Basis von Wearables und Clouds. Wie kann Informations- und Kommunikationstechnik den unberechtigten Zutritt zu Arbeitsbereichen verhindern? Lässt sich das Verhalten von Beschäftigten voraussagen und beeinflussen? Kann die innovative Technik Arbeitsunfälle verhindern, ohne den Datenschutz zu vernachlässigen?