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Opto-Thermal Investigation of Additively Manufactured Steel Samples as a Function of the Hatch Distance

  • Nowadays, additive manufacturing processes are becoming more and more appealing due to their production-oriented design guidelines, especially with regard to topology optimisation and minimal downstream production depth in contrast to conventional technologies. However, a scientific path in the areas of quality assurance, material and microstructural properties, intrinsic thermal permeability and dependent stress parameters inhibits enthusiasm for the potential degrees of freedom of the direct metal laser melting process (DMLS). Especially in quality assurance, post-processing destructive measuring methods are still predominantly necessary in order to evaluate the components adequately. The overall objective of these investigations is to gain process knowledge make reliable in situ statements about component quality and material properties based on the process parameters used and emission values measured. The knowledge will then be used to develop non-destructive tools for the quality management of additively manufactured components. To assess the effectiveness of the research design in relation to the objectives for further investigations, this pre-study evaluates the dependencies between the process parameters, process emission during manufacturing and resulting thermal diffusivity and the relative density of samples fabricated by DMLS. Therefore, the approach deals with additively built metal samples made on an EOS M290 apparatus with varying hatch distances while simultaneously detecting the process emission. Afterwards, the relative density of the samples is determined optically, and thermal diffusivity is measured using the laser flash method. As a result of this pre-study, all interactions of the within factors are presented. The process variable hatch distance indicates a strong influence on the resulting material properties, as an increase in the hatch distance from 0.11 mm to 1 mm leads to a drop in relative density of 57.4%. The associated thermal diffusivity also reveals a sharp decrease from 5.3 mm2/s to 1.3 mm2/s with growing hatch distances. The variability of the material properties can also be observed in the measured process emissions. However, as various factors overlap in the thermal radiation signal, no clear assignment is possible within the scope of this work.

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Metadaten
Author:Dennis Höfflin, Jürgen Hartmann, Maximilian Rosilius, Philipp Seitz, Andreas Schiffler
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010046
ISSN:1424-8220
Parent Title (English):Sensors
Publisher:MDPI
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of first Publication:2021/12/22
Publishing Institution:Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Würzburg-Schweinfurt
Release Date:2022/02/14
Tag:additive manufacturing processes; material
Volume:22
Issue:1
Pages/Size:46
Institutes and faculty:Fakultäten / Fakultät für angewandte Natur- und Geisteswissenschaften
Fakultäten / Fakultät Maschinenbau
Institute / Institut Digital Engineering (IDEE)
Dewey Decimal Classification:6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 62 Ingenieurwissenschaften / 621 Angewandte Physik
Regensburger Klassifikation:Technik
Open access colour:Gold
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International
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