TY - JOUR A1 - Klemm, Marcus T1 - Well-being Changes from Year to Year BT - A Comparison of Current, Remembered and Predicted Life Satisfaction JF - Journal of Happiness Studies N2 - I study yearly changes in personal well-being combining data on current, retrospective and prospective life satisfaction from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Predicted and remembered changes in life satisfaction are both positive on average and match well, whereas the average year to year-change inferred from reports of current life satisfaction is negative. Retrospective assessments of past well-being are strongly influenced by current life satisfaction, significantly related to past life satisfaction and linked to past predictions of current satisfaction. Due to different problems related to the ordinal measurement scale, changes in subjective reference systems and recall ability, the analysis overall suggests that direct reports of intertemporal changes provide valuable additional information for the analysis of individual well-being. KW - well-being KW - life Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-021-00468-0 SN - 1573-7780 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Klemmt, Malte A1 - Henking, Tanja T1 - Wishes and needs of nursing home residents and their relatives regarding end-of-life decision-making and care planning BT - A qualitative study JF - Journal of Clinical Nursing N2 - Aims and Objectives To explore wishes and needs, such as existing and preferred communication processes, of residents and relatives regarding medical and nursing planning at the end of life. Background Nursing home residents are a relevant target group for advance care planning (ACP) due to their high age and multimorbidity. Their relatives seem to be important partners in terms of communication and their documentation of wishes and needs. Design A qualitative descriptive design was used. Methods Thirty-two guideline-based interviews with nursing home residents (n = 24) and relatives (n = 8) were conducted in nursing homes in Germany (n = 7). All interviews were analysed by content-structured content analysis. The COREQ checklist was used to document reporting of the study. Results Residents particularly express wishes and needs regarding their health, like the desire to maintain or improve one's current state of health and to be active and mobile and also regarding their social situation, for example the well-being of relatives and beloved ones. A limited group of people was identified with whom residents spoke about issues such as preparedness and self-determination. These were mainly their relatives. Relatives themselves have a need for more communication. Various communication barriers could be identified. Conclusion Residents express diverse and partly explicit wishes and needs. Although many of the respondents had already drafted advanced directives, the demand for offers of communication to plan ahead for the end of life remains clear. The results indicate the unconditional participation of relatives and people close to the residents, if they are available. Relevance to clinical practice Derivations for a target group-related ACP concept in the study region are identified. Besides the involvement of relatives, nurses could also be involved in the communication and decision-making process of residents in nursing homes under certain conditions. KW - nursing home KW - care Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15291 SN - 1365-2702 VL - 29 IS - 13-14 SP - 2663 EP - 2674 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heusinger, Moritz T1 - Dimensionality reduction in the context of dynamic social media data streams JF - Evolving Systems N2 - In recent years social media became an important part of everyday life for many people. A big challenge of social media is, to find posts, that are interesting for the user. Many social networks like Twitter handle this problem with so-called hashtags. A user can label his own Tweet (post) with a hashtag, while other users can search for posts containing a specified hashtag. But what about finding posts which are not labeled by the creator? We provide a way of completing hashtags for unlabeled posts using classification on a novel real-world Twitter data stream. New posts will be created every second, thus this context fits perfectly for non-stationary data analysis. Our goal is to show, how labels (hashtags) of social media posts can be predicted by stream classifiers. In particular, we employ random projection (RP) as a preprocessing step in calculating streaming models. Also, we provide a novel real-world data set for streaming analysis called NSDQ with a comprehensive data description. We show that this dataset is a real challenge for state-of-the-art stream classifiers. While RP has been widely used and evaluated in stationary data analysis scenarios, non-stationary environments are not well analyzed. In this paper, we provide a use case of RP on real-world streaming data, especially on NSDQ dataset. We discuss why RP can be used in this scenario and how it can handle stream-specific situations like concept drift. We also provide experiments with RP on streaming data, using state-of-the-art stream classifiers like adaptive random forest and concept drift detectors. Additionally, we experimentally evaluate an online principal component analysis (PCA) approach in the same fashion as we do for RP. To obtain higher dimensional synthetic streams, we use random Fourier features (RFF) in an online manner which allows us, to increase the number of dimensions of low dimensional streams. KW - social media KW - data Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12530-021-09396-z SN - 1868-6486 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heusinger, Moritz T1 - Passive concept drift handling via variations of learning vector quantization JF - Neural Computing and Applications N2 - Concept drift is a change of the underlying data distribution which occurs especially with streaming data. Besides other challenges in the field of streaming data classification, concept drift has to be addressed to obtain reliable predictions. Robust Soft Learning Vector Quantization as well as Generalized Learning Vector Quantization has already shown good performance in traditional settings and is modified in this work to handle streaming data. Further, momentum-based stochastic gradient descent techniques are applied to tackle concept drift passively due to increased learning capabilities. The proposed work is tested against common benchmark algorithms and streaming data in the field and achieved promising results. KW - concept drift KW - data Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-020-05242-6 SN - 1433-3058 VL - 34 SP - 89 EP - 100 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Henking, Tanja T1 - Suizid und Suizidbeihilfe aus rechtlicher und ethischer Perspektive JF - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz N2 - Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat im Jahr 2020 das Verbot der geschäftsmäßigen Beihilfe zur Selbsttötung für verfassungswidrig und nichtig erklärt. Das Gericht leitet aus dem allgemeinen Persönlichkeitsrecht ein Recht auf selbstbestimmtes Sterben ab. Dieses Recht schließe auch die Freiheit ein, sich das Leben zu nehmen sowie hierfür bei Dritten Hilfe zu suchen und Hilfe, soweit sie angeboten wird, auch in Anspruch zu nehmen. Inzwischen liegen einige Regelungsvorschläge und Gesetzesentwürfe vor, die unterschiedliche Konzeptionen einer möglichen zukünftigen Regelung der Suizidbeihilfe verfolgen. Der Suche nach einer neuen Regelung sollte aber aus strafrechtlicher Perspektive stets die Frage nach der Erforderlichkeit einer neuen Regelung vorausgehen. Eine Neuregelung darf sich nicht auf bestimmte Personengruppen, wie beispielsweise Personen mit unheilbarer, tödlicher Erkrankung, beschränken, weil andernfalls das Suizidmotiv bewertet würde. Dieses bringt die besondere Herausforderung mit sich, eine Regelung zu finden, die ohne eine Bewertung des Suizidmotivs die unterschiedlichen Problem- und Bedürfnislagen erfasst und dabei auch in den Blick nimmt, dass die Autonomie des Einzelnen in unterschiedlicher Weise gefährdet sein kann. Der Beitrag nimmt seinen Ausgangspunkt in dem Recht auf Selbsttötung, beleuchtet unterschiedliche Konzepte und diskutiert ihre Vor- und Nachteile, ohne einzelne Gesetzesvorschläge explizit herauszustellen. Hierdurch soll die weitere Debatte um einzelne Aspekte bereichert werden. Zugleich wird dafür geworben, gesetzgeberische Zurückhaltung zu üben. N2 - In 2020, the Federal Constitutional Court declared the ban on assisted suicide unconstitutional and invalid. The court derived a right to self-determined dying from the general right of personality. This right also includes the freedom to take one’s own life and to seek help from third parties for this purpose and to make use of help if it is offered. In the meantime, there are several proposals for regulations and draft laws that pursue different concepts of a possible future regulation of assisted suicide. However, from the perspective of criminal law, the search for a new regulation should always be preceded by the question of the necessity of a new regulation. A new regulation must not be limited to certain groups of persons, such as persons with incurable, terminal illnesses, because otherwise the suicide motive would be assessed. This brings with it the particular challenge of finding a regulation that covers the different problem and need situations without assessing the suicide motive and also takes into account that the autonomy of the individual can be endangered in different ways. The article takes its starting point in the right to suicide, sheds light on different concepts, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages without explicitly highlighting individual legislative proposals. This is intended to enrich the further debate with individual aspects. At the same time, it advocates legislative restraint. KW - suizid Y1 - 2021 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-021-03469-9 SN - 1437-1588 VL - 65 IS - 1 SP - 67 EP - 73 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Kristin T1 - Insider Threats T1 - Insider Threats BT - Der Feind in den eigenen Reihen BT - Hidden Enemies JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Eine große Bedrohung für die Informationssicherheit geht von Mitarbeitern aus, die absichtlich der eigenen Organisation schaden wollen. Mitarbeiter besitzen Zugriffsrechte für sensible Informationen und genießen das Vertrauen des Unternehmens. Werden sie allerdings aufgrund persönlicher Motive oder äußerer Umstände zu Whistleblowern, Spionen, Betrügern, Saboteuren, Malicious Enablern oder Datendieben, können sie großen Schaden anrichten. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Motive sogenannter Malicious Insider und stellt die sechs verschiedenen Typen anhand von realen Beispielen der jüngeren Vergangenheit vor. Er zeigt, welche erkennenden, präventiven und reaktiven Maßnahmen Organisationen ergreifen sollten, um die Risiken durch Attacken von böswilligen Insidern zu minimieren. Der Fokus liegt auf den erkennenden Maßnahmen. Durch frühzeitiges Eingreifen werden Mitarbeiter gar nicht erst zu Malicious Insidern. Eine Kombination aus persönlicher Veranlagung (z. B. Introversion, Gier, Kritikunfähigkeit), Stressfaktoren (z. B. Frustration, Unzufriedenheit) und auffälligem Verhalten (z. B. außergewöhnliche Arbeitszeiten oder Reiseziele) weist häufig auf potentielle Täter hin. N2 - Employees that intentionally want to harm their organization pose a major threat to information security. Employees have access rights to sensitive information, and their organization trusts them. However, they can substantially harm their organization, if they become Whistleblowers, Spies, Scammers, Saboteurs, Malicious Enablers, or Data Thieves due to different personal motives or external circumstances. This paper analyzes motives of so-called Malicious Insiders. It introduces the six types of Malicious Insiders by showing real cases from the recent past. The paper lays out which recognizing, preventive, and reactive measures organizations can take in order to minimize the risks associated with insider threats. The focus is on recognizing potential Malicious Insiders, because through early intervention, employees might not become malicious first. A combination of personal predispositions (e.g., introversion, greed, inability to accept criticism), stressors (e.g., frustration, dissatisfaction), and concerning behavior (e.g., unusual working hours or travel destinations) often points towards potential offenders. KW - informationssicherheit KW - mitarbeiter Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-020-00616-9 SN - 2198-2775 VL - 57 SP - 613 EP - 627 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Müller, Nicholas T1 - Mensch und Technik in der angewandten Forschung T1 - People and Technology in Applied Research JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Empirische Erkenntnisse der Grundlagenforschung in den Alltag zu überführen, ist eine der elementaren Herausforderungen der angewandten Forschung. Insbesondere im Zusammenhang der Mensch-Technik-Interaktionsforschung werden Erkenntnisse der Ingenieurs‑, Kognitions- und Sozialwissenschaften interdisziplinär kombiniert und in nutzbringende Kontexte überführt. Der vorliegende Artikel betrachtet ausgewählte Themengebiete aus dem Forschungsgebiet Human-Computer-Interaction: Roboter und künstliche Intelligenz, Virtual und Augmented Reality sowie Datensicherheit im Hinblick auf IoT-Geräte. In den einzelnen Abschnitten wird ein Überblick über die Themengebiete gegeben und die aktuelle Forschung, sowie Herausforderungen für die Anwendung der Technologien betrachtet. Den verschiedenen Herausforderungen müssen Forscher dabei mit Interdisziplinarität und Praxisbezug begegnen. N2 - Transferring empirical findings from basic research into everyday life is one of the fundamental challenges of applied science. Especially in the research of human-technology interaction, findings from engineering, cognitive and social sciences are combined in an interdisciplinary way and transferred into useful contexts. This article gives an overview of selected topics from the domain of Human-Computer Interaction: Robots and Artificial Intelligence, Virtual and Augmented Reality as well as data security with regard to IoT devices. Latest research and challenges for the application of the technologies are considered in the corresponding sections. Researchers have to address the various challenges with interdisciplinarity and practical relevance. KW - mensch-technik-interaktionsforschung KW - angewandte forschung Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-020-00615-w SN - 2198-2775 VL - 57 SP - 372 EP - 384 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bördlein, Christoph T1 - Promoting Hand Sanitizer Use in a University Cafeteria JF - Behavior and Social Issues N2 - Handwashing is the most cost-efficient method to lower the risk of the transmission of infectious diseases. Especially before eating in public places like cafeterias, handwashing is recommended. Often, people do not wash their hands before eating because of the response effort associated with going to the bathroom. As an alternative way to improve hygiene, disinfection with a hand sanitizer gel is recommended. The current study used an A-B-C-A design (and a no-intervention control site) with prompts and feedback to increase the number of cafeteria patrons using hand sanitizer. Dispensers for hand sanitizer gel were placed at the entrance area of two halls of a university cafeteria. Intervention took place in one hall, whereas the other served as a control. After baseline, a poster explaining the usefulness of hand sanitizing was posted near the entrance of the cafeteria. This led to a doubling of the percentage of cafeteria patrons using the hand sanitizer, from 10.79% during baseline to 24.45%. A second poster provided feedback about the percentage of patrons sanitizing their hands and asked for more participation. This led to no further increases in hand sanitizing (23.73%). After all posters were removed, the percentage dropped to 15.63% in the mean. This research demonstrated that a simple, informative prompt can have a considerable impact on hand-sanitizing behavior. However, the role of feedback in such interventions remains questionable. KW - sanitizer KW - handwashing KW - cafeteria Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42822-020-00026-y SN - 2376-6786 VL - 29 SP - 255 EP - 263 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Kristin T1 - Rezension „Security Awareness“ JF - HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik N2 - Der „Faktor Mensch“ ist heute im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung wichtiger denn je für die Gewährleistung der Informationssicherheit in Organisationen. Durch geeignete Sensibilisierungsmaßnahmen werden die Anwender zu wertvollen Ressourcen für den Schutz sensibler Informationen und der IT-Infrastruktur. Und obwohl diese Sensibilisierung – oder Information Security Awareness – ein hochaktuelles und relevantes Thema ist, gibt es derzeit sehr wenige deutschsprachige Bücher dazu auf dem Markt. Grund genug, sich mit einer von zwei Neuerscheinungen der letzten Jahre auseinanderzusetzen. KW - informationssicherheit KW - rezension Y1 - 2020 UR - https://doi.org/10.1365/s40702-020-00617-8 SN - 2198-2775 VL - 57 SP - 631 EP - 633 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Diethelm, Kai A1 - Kiryakova, Virginia A1 - Luchko, Yuri A1 - Tenreiro Machado, José A. A1 - Tarasov, Vasily E. T1 - Trends, directions for further research, and some open problems of fractional calculus JF - Nonlinear Dynamics N2 - The area of fractional calculus (FC) has been fast developing and is presently being applied in all scientific fields. Therefore, it is of key relevance to assess the present state of development and to foresee, if possible, the future evolution, or, at least, the challenges identified in the scope of advanced research works. This paper gives a vision about the directions for further research as well as some open problems of FC. A number of topics in mathematics, numerical algorithms and physics are analyzed, giving a systematic perspective for future research. KW - fractional calculus Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-021-07158-9 SN - 1573-269X VL - 107 SP - 3245 EP - 3270 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Diethelm, Kai A1 - Tuan, Hoang The T1 - Upper and lower estimates for the separation of solutions to fractional differential equations JF - Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis N2 - Given a fractional differential equation of order α∈(0,1] with Caputo derivatives, we investigate in a quantitative sense how the associated solutions depend on their respective initial conditions. Specifically, we look at two solutions x1 and x2, say, of the same differential equation, both of which are assumed to be defined on a common interval [0, T], and provide upper and lower bounds for the difference x1(t)−x2(t) for all t∈[0,T] that are stronger than the bounds previously described in the literature. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13540-021-00007-x SN - 1314-2224 VL - 25 SP - 166 EP - 180 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hell, Maximilian A1 - Brandmeier, Melanie A1 - Briechle, Sebastian A1 - Krzystek, Peter T1 - Classification of Tree Species and Standing Dead Trees with Lidar Point Clouds Using Two Deep Neural Networks: PointCNN and 3DmFV-Net JF - PFG – Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science N2 - Knowledge about tree species distribution is important for forest management and for modeling and protecting biodiversity in forests. Methods based on images are inherently limited to the forest canopy. Airborne lidar data provide information about the trees’ geometric structure, as well as trees beneath the upper canopy layer. In this paper, the potential of two deep learning architectures (PointCNN, 3DmFV-Net) for classification of four different tree classes is evaluated using a lidar dataset acquired at the Bavarian Forest National Park (BFNP) in a leaf-on situation with a maximum point density of about 80 pts/m2. Especially in the case of BFNP, dead wood plays a key role in forest biodiversity. Thus, the presented approaches are applied to the combined classification of living and dead trees. A total of 2721 single trees were delineated in advance using a normalized cut segmentation. The trees were manually labeled into four tree classes (coniferous, deciduous, standing dead tree with crown, and snag). Moreover, a multispectral orthophoto provided additional features, namely the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. PointCNN with 3D points, laser intensity, and multispectral features resulted in a test accuracy of up to 87.0%. This highlights the potential of deep learning on point clouds in forestry. In contrast, 3DmFV-Net achieved a test accuracy of 73.2% for the same dataset using only the 3D coordinates of the laser points. The results show that the data fusion of lidar and multispectral data is invaluable for differentiation of the tree classes. Classification accuracy increases by up to 16.3% points when adding features generated from the multispectral orthophoto. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-022-00200-4 SN - 2512-2819 VL - 90 SP - 103 EP - 121 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schweighart, Roxana A1 - Thätz, Jessica A1 - Demar, Lisa A1 - Zehl, Franziska A1 - Neuderth, Silke A1 - Löbmann, Rebecca T1 - Welche Bedarfe haben Studierende hinsichtlich gesundheitsförderlicher Maßnahmen und welche sind ihnen bekannt? T1 - What needs do students have regarding health-promoting measures and which ones do they know about? BT - Eine Befragung an zwei Hochschulstandorten BT - A survey at two university locations JF - Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung N2 - Hintergrund Viele Studierende in Deutschland sind von gesundheitlichen Beeinträchtigungen, darunter primär von Stress und psychischen Belastungen, betroffen. Die Prävalenz psychischer Störungen nimmt unter Studierenden kontinuierlich zu. Im Rahmen des Studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements an der Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Würzburg-Schweinfurt wurden Bedarfe und Wünsche zu Gesundheitsbereichen, die Studierende als relevant für ihr Studium betrachten, erfasst und das Wissen über vorhandene Gesundheitsangebote ermittelt. Methoden Im Mai 2022 wurde ein standardisierter Online-Fragebogen per E‑Mail an alle Studierenden der Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt geschickt. Unterschiede zwischen den Hochschulstandorten sowie zwischen deutsch- und nicht-deutschmuttersprachigen Studierenden wurden über nonparametrische Verfahren ermittelt. Ergebnisse Stress und psychische Belastung sind gesundheitsgefährdende Probleme, mit denen sich die Befragten besonders häufig konfrontiert sehen. Studieren in Schweinfurt und Fremdsprachlichkeit stehen in Zusammenhang mit einer erhöhten Relevanz einiger Gesundheitsbereiche. Unterstützungsangebote wünschen sich die Befragten v. a. in den Bereichen Sport/Bewegung, psychische Belastung/Erkrankung und Stressreduktion. Die Studierenden haben mitunter kaum Kenntnis über vorhandene Angebote. Vor allem Studierende in Schweinfurt und internationale Studierende sind kaum informiert. Schlussfolgerungen Erstens sollten vorrangig Angebote zur Reduktion von Stress und psychischer Belastung an der Hochschule implementiert werden. Zweitens sollten zukünftig die gesundheitlichen Belange von Studierenden in Schweinfurt und internationalen Studierenden stärkere Beachtung finden. Drittens sollten alle Studierenden verstärkt über bereits bestehende Angebote informiert werden. N2 - Background Many students in Germany face health problems, primarily stress and psychological strain. The prevalence of mental disorders is continuously increasing among students. In the context of the student health management at the University of Applied Sciences Würzburg–Schweinfurt, we recorded needs and wishes regarding health areas that students consider to be relevant for their studies and we also assessed their knowledge about existing health offers. Methods In May 2022, we sent a standardized online questionnaire via email to all students at the University of Applied Sciences Würzburg–Schweinfurt. Differences between university locations and between German- and non-German-native speaking students were determined using non-parametric tests. Results Stress and psychological strain are health-threatening problems that respondents face particularly frequently. Studying in Schweinfurt and being a foreign language speaker relate to an increased relevance of some health areas. Respondents desire support especially in the areas of sports/exercise, mental stress/illness, and stress reduction. Students sometimes have little knowledge about existing offers. Especially students in Schweinfurt and international students are barely informed. Conclusions First, offers to reduce stress and mental burden should be implemented at the university as a matter of priority. Second, the health concerns of students in Schweinfurt and international students should be given greater attention in the future. Third, all students should be informed more about existing offers. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11553-023-01031-w ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Diethelm, Kai A1 - Thai, Ha Duc A1 - Tuan, Hoang The T1 - Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to non-commensurate fractional-order planar systems JF - Fractional Calculus and Applied Analysis N2 - This paper is devoted to studying non-commensurate fractional order planar systems. Our contributions are to derive sufficient conditions for the global attractivity of non-trivial solutions to fractional-order inhomogeneous linear planar systems and for the Mittag-Leffler stability of an equilibrium point to fractional order nonlinear planar systems. To achieve these goals, our approach is as follows. Firstly, based on Cauchy’s argument principle in complex analysis, we obtain various explicit sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of linear systems whose coefficient matrices are constant. Secondly, by using Hankel type contours, we derive some important estimates of special functions arising from a variation of constants formula of solutions to inhomogeneous linear systems. Then, by proposing carefully chosen weighted norms combined with the Banach fixed point theorem for appropriate Banach spaces, we get the desired conclusions. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effect of the main theoretical results. KW - non-commensurate fractional order planar systems KW - asymptotic behaviour of solutions Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13540-022-00065-9 SN - 1314-2224 VL - 25 SP - 1324 EP - 1360 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Bördlein, Christoph A1 - Vorbeck, Benedict T1 - Using auditory feedback in body weight training JF - Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis N2 - Auditory feedback has been successfully used to enhance performance in several sports such as golf and dance. The current study used auditory feedback procedures (i.e., a clicker) to improve the performance of 3 students performing a handstand. Handstands are part of a discipline called body weight training, that uses only the weight of an individual's own body to gain strength and body control. A multiple baseline design across four components was used to evaluate the effectiveness of auditory feedback. The results showed that auditory feedback was effective. The students and the trainer were highly satisfied with the auditory feedback procedure. Implications for future research are discussed. KW - auditory feedback KW - training Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jaba.723 SN - 1938-3703 VL - 53 IS - 4 SP - 2349 EP - 2359 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fleischmann, Carolin A1 - Henking, Tanja A1 - Neuderth, Silke T1 - Wissensstand und Fehlvorstellungen zu Vorsorgedokumenten - Ergebnisse einer Bürgerbefragung T1 - Knowledge and misconceptions on advance directives - results of a citizen survey JF - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz N2 - Einleitung Vorsorgedokumente wie Patientenverfügung oder Vorsorgevollmacht sind bedeutsame Instrumente der Vorausplanung für Situationen, in denen ein Mensch nicht mehr für sich selbst entscheiden kann. Obwohl immer mehr Bürger:innen in Deutschland solche Dokumente erstellen, ist über ihr Wissen zu Zweck, Arten und Anwendung von Vorsorgedokumenten wenig bekannt. Nach über 10 Jahren seit der gesetzlichen Verankerung der Patientenverfügung soll diese Studie das Wissen von Bürger:innen erfassen und Wissenslücken detektieren. Methoden In der Stadt und im Landkreis Würzburg wurde 2021 eine Querschnittsbefragung von volljährigen Bürger:innen u. a. zu Besitz, Umgang mit und Wissensstand zu Vorsorgedokumenten durchgeführt. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte über Werbeanzeigen und lokale Netzwerke. Ergebnisse Von den 282 Befragten (MAlter = 50 J., zu 2 Drittel weiblich) hatten 43,4 % nach Selbstangabe zumindest ein Vorsorgedokument verfasst. Im Wissenstest wurden im Mittel 22/34 Punkten erreicht. Fragen zur konkreten Anwendung von Vorsorgedokumenten anhand eines Fallbeispiels sowie zu Sterbehilfearten wurden häufig korrekt beantwortet, wohingegen beim Faktenwissen zu den einzelnen Dokumenttypen größere Wissensdefizite bestanden. Objektiv getestetes Wissen und Variablen zum subjektiven Wissensstand korrelieren positiv. Diskussion Die relativ hohe Quote an erstellten Dokumenten in dieser Stichprobe ist Ausdruck ihrer raschen Verbreitung in den letzten Jahren. Das Wissensniveau ist als niedrig einzuschätzen und zeigt Fehlvorstellungen zu Rechten und Pflichten der verfassenden Person sowie der beteiligten Akteure. Das gemessene Wissen der Bürger:innen steht in Diskrepanz zum häufig geäußerten Wunsch, durch informiertes Erstellen von Vorsorgedokumenten ihre Selbstbestimmung zu wahren. N2 - Background Advance directives (ADs) such as living wills or healthcare powers of attorney are important tools to anticipate medical treatment decisions when decision-making capacity is lost in the future. Although a rising number of citizens in Germany are creating such documents, little is known about their knowledge of the purpose, types, and use of ADs. After more than 10 years since legislation on ADs came into force, this study intends to measure the objective knowledge of citizens and detect deficits in knowledge. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative survey of citizens aged 18+ in the city and county of Wuerzburg. The questionnaire included, among other things, possession, experience, and knowledge of ADs. Sampling was conducted via advertising and local networking. Results Of the 282 participants who took part in the survey (Mage = 50 years, 2/3 female), 43.4% reported having created a minimum of one document. In the knowledge test, an average of 22/34 points was achieved. While questions about the specific application of ADs based on a case study were often answered correctly, we found deficits about the single document types. The results in the knowledge test and the variables on the subjective level of knowledge correlate positively. Discussion The relatively high rate of ADs in this sample indicates their rapid dissemination during the past few years in Germany. Overall, the level of knowledge ADs appears to be low, revealing misconceptions about the creator’s and involved people’s rights and obligations. The measured knowledge level contradicts with the frequently expressed desire of citizens to preserve their autonomy by creating ADs for themselves. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-023-03751-y ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Olberding, Helge A1 - Vetter, Mark T1 - Dynamic 3D-Cartographic Symbols for VR Geovisualizations JF - KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information N2 - Geovisualizations that use a virtual reality headset can have a more immersive effect on users than when only a desktop application is viewed. However, to have an overview, a VR 3D map is usually viewed from a top-down perspective. On the other hand, the first-person perspective is used when the scenario is visualized as realistically as possible, and the ultimate goal is to feel present inside the 3D city. With the help of dynamic cartographic visualization methods, such as animated symbols appearing or a dynamic change of selected or complete visualization, it is possible to convey targeted information while being inside the 3D. For this purpose, techniques and ideas from cartography and video games were utilized and combined. The combination resulted in dynamically changeable symbol objects, which can be placed automatically using tables or building information, and dynamically changeable post-processing methods. Users can interactively select a predefined set of visualization methods and show/hide dynamic cartographic symbols in the running application via an interface. The study aims to develop cartographic visualization methods that can be technically used within a game engine for VR applications to improve spatial perception. KW - 3D KW - Cartographic symbols KW - Geovisualization KW - Interactive KW - NPR KW - Virtual reality Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53072 SN - 2524-4965 VL - 73 IS - 4 SP - 265 EP - 275 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sesselmann, Stefan T1 - An intratendious ganglion cyst of the patellar tendon - A rare cause of anterior knee pain JF - Georgian Medical News N2 - Ganglion cysts in the knee region can manifest as anterior knee pain. Unlike synovial cysts, these lesions lack synovial epithelial lining and occur secondary to mucoid degeneration of connective tissue because, often in response to chronic irritation and repetitive traumas. However, an intratendinous location is a rare finding. In the knee region, infrapatellar fat pad, the alar folds, and the anterior cruciate ligament are recognized to degenerate into ganglion. There are few case reports describing an involvement of the patellar tendon. We present the clinical case of a 72 years old male patient suffering from anterior knee pain attributed to an intratendinous ganglion cyst of the patellar tendon, obviously after a single traumatic event. After aspiration of the ganglion cyst the patient reported no complaints, and there has been no recurrence during the latest follow-up examination. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53678 UR - https://www.geomednews.com/Articles/2023/10_2023/204-205.pdf VL - 343 IS - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sesselmann, Stefan T1 - Cubital tunnel syndrome due to an intraneural ganglion cyst of the ulnar nerve JF - Georgian Medical News N2 - Cubital tunnel syndrome is the second most common neuropathy of the upper extremity. Cubital tunnel syndrome caused by intraneural ganglion cysts is rare in clinical practice. We present the case of a 71-year-old male patient with a 4-month history of cubital tunnel syndrome of the left elbow due to an intraneural ganglion cyst. After revision of the ulnar nerve and resection of the intraneural cyst nearly complete recovery was achieved within a 5 month follow-up but some sensory deficits of the fifth fingertip. We recommend preoperative ultrasound examination of the cubital tunnel even in cases with clear diagnosis. Ganglion cyst as a cause of cubital tunnel is rare but needs to be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible to prevent irreversible complications. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53666 UR - https://www.geomednews.com/Articles/2023/10_2023/50-52.pdf VL - 343 IS - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hart, Lukas A1 - Koblach, Stefan A1 - Möser, Michael T1 - Automation Strategies for the Photogrammetric Reconstruction of Pipelines JF - PFG – Journal of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Science N2 - A responsible use of energy resources is currently more important than ever. For the effective insulation of industrial plants, a three-camera measurement system was, therefore, developed. With this system, the as-built geometry of pipelines can be captured, which is the basis for the production of a precisely fitting and effective insulation. In addition, the digital twin can also be used for Building Information Modelling, e.g. for planning purposes or maintenance work. In contrast to the classical approach of processing the images by calculating a point cloud, the reconstruction is performed directly on the basis of the object edges in the image. For the optimisation of the, initially purely geometrically calculated components, an adjustment approach is used. In addition to the image information, this approach takes into account standardised parameters (such as the diameter) as well as the positional relationships between the components and thus eliminates discontinuities at the transitions. Furthermore, different automation approaches were developed to facilitate the evaluation of the images and the manual object recognition in the images for the user. For straight pipes, the selection of the object edges in one image is sufficient in most cases to calculate the 3D cylinder. Based on the normalised diameter, the missing depth can be derived approximately. Elbows can be localised on the basis of coplanar neighbouring elements. The other elbow parameters can be determined by matching the back projection with the image edges. The same applies to flanges. For merging multiple viewpoints, a transformation approach is used which works with homologous components instead of control points and minimises the orthogonal distances between the component axes in the datasets. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41064-023-00244-0 IS - 91 SP - 313 EP - 334 PB - Springer Nature ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Diethelm, Kai A1 - Uhlig, Frank T1 - A New Approach to Shooting Methods for Terminal Value Problems of Fractional Differential Equations JF - Journal of Scientific Computing N2 - For terminal value problems of fractional differential equations of order α∈(0,1) that use Caputo derivatives, shooting methods are a well developed and investigated approach. Based on recently established analytic properties of such problems, we develop a new technique to select the required initial values that solves such shooting problems quickly and accurately. Numerical experiments indicate that this new proportional secting technique converges very quickly and accurately to the solution. Run time measurements indicate a speedup factor of between 4 and 10 when compared to the standard bisection method. KW - Fractional differential equation KW - Caputo derivative KW - Terminal condition KW - Terminal value problem KW - Shooting method KW - Proportional secting KW - Secant method Y1 - 2023 UR - doi.org/10.1007/s10915-023-02361-9 SN - 0885-7474 VL - 97 IS - 2 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schweighart, Roxana A1 - Demar, Lisa A1 - Thätz, Jessica T1 - Unterstützungsgespräche als Teil des Studentischen Gesundheitsmanagements - Erfahrungen an der Technischen Hochschule Würzburg-Schweinfurt JF - Zeitschrift für Beratung und Studium (ZBS) Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.universitaetsverlagwebler.de/_files/ugd/7bac3c_8fa2cedff53440969cc17812a38f5c47.pdf SN - 1860-3068 VL - 18 IS - 2+3 SP - 48 EP - 53 PB - UniversitätsVerlagWebler CY - Bielefeld ER -