TY - CHAP A1 - Specht, Karl A1 - Kondziella, Hendrik A1 - Bruckner, Thomas A1 - Scheller, Fabian T1 - Scenarios for the decarbonization of district heating: the case of Leipzig T2 - 2023 19th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) N2 - This study derives the levelized cost of heat (LCOH) for exemplary post-fossil district heating (DH) scenarios. The DH system of Leipzig in 2040 under the assumption of a completely climate-neutral heat supply is considered. Accordingly, four generation scenarios (GS) are proposed based on different energy carriers that are characterized as follows: (1) natural gas with carbon capture and storage, (2) hydrogen, (3) diversified mix of biomass, waste heat and solar, and (4) electricity. In addition, the scenarios’ robustness toward commodity prices is investigated using a sensitivity analysis. A modeling environment was used to optimize the hourly economic dispatch. Based on this, levelized costs are determined. For the reference case, the LCOH of the GS 1 and 2 exceeds the LCOH of GS 3 and 4. Furthermore, the results indicate that relying on singular energy carriers as opposed to diversified generation portfolios leads to less robust LCOH regarding price sensitivities. Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-3503-1258-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/eem58374.2023.10161822 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hermann, Julian A1 - Kachirayil, Febin A1 - Lohrmann, Alena A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Roskosch, Dennis A1 - McKenna, Russell T1 - A critical reflection on modelling approaches for heat pumps and building envelope retrofits in local energy system optimisations JF - Applied Energy N2 - Integrating heat pumps and adopting building envelope retrofit (BER) measures is vital for decarbonising the built environment. This paper systematically reviews modelling approaches for these technologies within 84 local energy system optimisation studies. Our findings show that most studies simplify heat pump operation using a constant coefficient of performance (COP), perfect modulation, or a fixed heating capacity. While existing methods account for temperature-dependent COPs, only a few studies include more advanced approaches considering additional impacts. Two main approaches for modelling BER measures are identified: pre-defined retrofit sets with exogenous heat demand or an integrated retrofit selection with endogenous heat demand. While the pre-defined approach offers lower computational effort, it limits the BER solution space. The integrated approach achieves the opposite: a wider solution space but higher complexity. Moreover, only two studies consider the impact of BER measures on the heat supply temperature, an essential link between retrofit measures and heat pump efficiency. Based on our qualitative review, we derive recommendations for energy system modellers. For modelling heat pumps, we recommend using a temperature-dependent COP and heating capacity, as well as a lower modulation limit. Regarding BER measures, the integrated approach should be used for smaller scales (single buildings) while the pre-defined sets are suitable for larger scales. Finally, we propose a research agenda to address limitations and gaps in the current modelling approaches, such as addressing the performance gap between existing COP estimations and heat pump field performance and including a more detailed method for the heat supply temperature. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126525 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 400 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Siddique, Muhammad Bilal A1 - Keles, Dogan A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Nielsen, Per Sieverts T1 - Dispatch strategies for large-scale heat pump based district heating under high renewable share and risk-aversion: A multistage stochastic optimization approach JF - Energy Economics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107764 VL - 136 SP - 107764 EP - 107764 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Breitschopf, Barbara A1 - Keil, Julia A1 - Burghard, Uta A1 - Scheller, Fabian T1 - Forms of financial participation and acceptance of the energy transition-are there any relations? JF - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-024-1256-6 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 38 EP - 57 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morrissey, Karyn A1 - Scheller, Fabian T1 - It takes a village: the role of community attributes in shaping solar photovoltaic adoption intention in Germany JF - Renewable Energy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2024.121542 SP - 121542 EP - 121542 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Fabian T1 - The future demand of renewable fuels in Germany - Understanding the impact of electrification levels and socio-economic developments JF - Heliyon N2 - The Climate Change Act recently enacted in Germany highlights the urgency of understanding the future demand for renewable fuels. In this study, we combine technological progress and socio-economic pathways in an energy system analysis to assess future renewable fuel demands in Germany. We apply the whole-system optimisation model, TIMES, to investigate transition pathways with varying electrification levels and socio-economic developments. The results show that renewable fuels demand varies between 388 PJ and 1310 PJ depending on the electrification rates. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate that considering socio-economicaspects and behavioural change, as represented by different Shared-Socio-economic Pathways, can significantly alter the demand for renewable fuels within a narrower yet still noteworthy range compared to the electrification scenarios. This provides country-level evidence highlighting the often-overlooked influence of social developments on demand projections. Consequently, it becomes crucial to prioritize the consideration of the climate mitigation potential arising fromsocioeconomic-induced changes in demand patterns within the broader framework of energyefficiency measures. Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:863-opus-53637 VL - 9 IS - 11 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Lerch, Philipp A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Bruckner, Thomas T1 - Potential of demand response for chlor-alkali electrolysis processes T2 - 19th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) N2 - Chlor-alkali electrolysis indicates significant demand response potential, accounting for over 2% of Germany’s total electricity demand. To fully analyze this potential, digital models or digital twins are necessary. In this study, we use the IRPopt modeling framework to develop a digital model of an electrolysis process and examine the cost-optimal load shifting application in the day-ahead spot and balancing reserve market for various price scenarios (2019, 2030, 2040). We also investigate the associated CO 2 emissions. Combined optimization at both markets results in greater and more robust cost savings of 16.1% but cannibalizes the savings that are possible through optimization separately at each market. In future scenarios, the shares of savings from spot and reserve market could potentially reverse. CO 2 savings between 2.5% and 9.2% appear only through optimization at the spot market and could even turn negative if optimized solely at the reserve market. Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-3503-1258-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/eem58374.2023.10161892 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lerch, Philipp A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Reichelt, David G. A1 - Menzel, Katharina A1 - Bruckner, Thomas T1 - Electricity cost and CO2 savings potential for chlor-alkali electrolysis plants: Benefits of electricity price dependent demand response JF - Applied Energy N2 - Chlor-alkali electrolysis plays a significant role in Germany's electricity demand, with a share of >2%. It offers a promising avenue for leveraging demand response strategies. In times of escalating electricity prices, load shifting can help to maintain economic competitiveness of domestic industries. This study aims to assess the potential for electricity cost savings and related CO2 emission reductions through optimal load shifting practices for chlor-alkali electrolysis, considering both current and projected future electricity prices. The research employs the mixed-integer energy system modeling framework IRPopt to model and optimize a chlorine value chain under various scenarios. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to identify the primary factors driving electricity cost savings. The findings reveal that, based on the 2019 electricity price distribution (before pandemic and energy crisis), load shifting can yield electricity cost savings of 5.8% and CO2 emission reductions of 2.7%. As the share of variable renewable energy sources increases along with other driving factors, the electricity price spread is projected to rise from 28% in 2019 to an average of 87% in 2040 scenarios. Consequently, electricity cost savings rise up to 22% and CO2 emission reductions up to 10%. The primary drivers behind electricity cost savings include electricity price spreads and the utilization and operating range of the electrolyzer. In addition to the business-level advantages, the resulting decrease in residual load and lower CO2 emissions contribute to the integration of variable renewable energy sources and the achievement of decarbonization targets at the economic level. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.122263 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 355 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Morrissey, Karyn A1 - Neuhoff, Karsten A1 - Keles, Dogan T1 - Green or greedy: the relationship between perceived benefits and homeowners' intention to adopt residential low-carbon technologies JF - Energy Research & Social Science N2 - Transitioning to a net-zero economy requires a nuanced understanding of homeowners’ decision-making pathways when considering the adoption of Low Carbon Technologies (LCTs). These LCTs present both personal and collective benefits, with positive perceptions critically influencing attitudes and intentions. Our study analyses the relationship between two primary benefits: the household-level financial gain and the broader environmental advantage. Focusing on the German homeowners’ intention to adopt Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems, Energy Efficient Appliances, and Green Electricity Tariffs, we employ Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling to demonstrate that the adoption intention of the LCTs is underpinned by the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Our research also highlights the pivotal role of perceived benefits in shaping attitudes and intentions. Attitudes towards the LCTs are more strongly related to product-specific benefits than affective constructs. In terms of evaluative benefits, environmental benefits exhibit a higher positive association with attitude formation compared to financial benefits. However, this relationship switches as homeowners move through the decision process with the financial benefits of selected LCTs having a consistently higher association with adoption intention. At the same time, financial benefits also positively affect attitudes. Observing this trend across both low- and high-cost LCTs, we recommend that policymakers and businesses enhance homeowners’ awareness of the personal advantages and implement strategies to make these financial benefits more tangible and accessible. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103388 SN - 2214-6296 VL - 108 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vibrans, Luise A1 - Schulte, Emily A1 - Morrissey, Karyn A1 - Bruckner, Thomas A1 - Scheller, Fabian T1 - Same same, but different: Explaining heterogeneity among potential photovoltaic adopters in Germany using milieu segmentation JF - Energy Research & Social Science N2 - Adoption of new technologies necessitates changes in behaviours, attitudes, and social norms that cannot be sufficiently explained by a single predictor or group of predictors, particularly in heterogeneous populations. Aiming to add a greater understanding of intention to adopt Rooftop Photovoltaic (PV), this paper utilised an established population segmentation tool, the Sinus-Milieus and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to account for population heterogeneity of the sample of German homeowners (n = 1800). By employing partial least squares structural equation modelling, we confirmed that attitudes, social norms, and financial evaluation significantly influence adoption intention at the population level. A multi-group analysis revealed noteworthy variations in the relative impact of attitudes and social norms on adoption intention across different milieugroups. Notably, even milieugroups sharing the same broad social status and/or values, as defined by the Sinus-Milieu tool, exhibited significant differences in the influence of attitudes and social norms on adoption intention. Moreover, a Kruskal–Wallis H-test indicated significant differences in the reported level of adoption intention among milieugroups, with the Leading milieus showing the highest intention and the Deprived the lowest. Differences were also observed for the determinants of social norms, attitudes, environmental concern, and novelty-seeking behaviour. Our findings confirm the relevance of considering potential adopters as a heterogeneous group in terms of overall lifestyle characteristics. Tailoring communication strategies to target the underlying motivations of specific milieus can lead to more effective interventions. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2023.103212 SN - 2214-6326 VL - 103 SP - 103212 EP - 103212 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Andreas Gunkel, Philipp A1 - Klinge Jacobsen, Henrik A1 - Bergaentzlé, Claire-Marie A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Møller Andersen, Frits T1 - Variability in electricity consumption by category of consumer: The impact on electricity load profiles JF - International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems N2 - Residential electrification of transport and heat is changing consumption and its characteristics significantly. Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of socio-techno-economic determinants on residential consumption. However, they fail to capture the distributional characteristics of such consumer groups, which impact network planning and flexibility assessment. Using actual residential electricity consumption profile data for 720,000 households in Denmark, we demonstrate that heat pumps are more likely to influence aggregated peak consumption than electric vehicles. At the same time, other socio-economic factors, such as occupancy, dwelling area and income, show little impact. Comparing the extrapolation of a comprehensive rollout of heat pumps or electric vehicles indicates that the most common consumer category deploying heat pumps has 14% more maximum consumption during peak load hours, 46% more average consumption and twice the higher median compared to households owning an electric vehicle. Electric vehicle show already flexibility with coincidence factors that ranges between 5 and 15% with a maximum of 17% whereas heat pumps are mostly baseload. The detailed and holistic outcomes of this study support flexibility assessment and grid planning in future studies but also the operation of flexible technologies. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108852 SN - 1879-3517 VL - 147 SP - 108852 EP - 108852 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Johanning, Simon A1 - Abitz, Daniel A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Bruckner, Thomas T1 - The Influence of Financial Benefits and Peer Effects on the Adoption of Residential Rooftop Photovoltaic Systems T2 - 19th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) N2 - The uptake of residential photovoltaic systems is essential for energy system transformation towards carbon neutrality and decentralization. However, despite numerous campaigns to incentivize their uptake, adoption by residential homeowners is lacking behind. While countless drivers and barriers have been identified, the decision process is not fully understood. To address this gap, we developed an agent-based residential rooftop photovoltaic adoption model called PVact. Our model analyzes the interactions of potential household adopters based on their utility functions and social network, with a focus on the role of monetary evaluation and social pressure in adoption behavior. In this paper, we aim to assess the influence of monetary evaluation and social pressure in an abstract case study based on real-world data from the municipality of Leipzig, Germany. We consider stochastic dynamics through scenario analysis to investigate the influence of these factors on adoption behavior. Our results show that monetary evaluation and social pressure have a significant impact on adoption behavior. Specifically, we find shifting adoption patterns with an increased requirement for monetary returns and higher level of normative pressure required for households to act. Higher resistance against these pressure shows more stochastic variations, more pronounced tipping points and stronger run-away effects. Y1 - 2023 SN - 979-8-3503-1258-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/eem58374.2023.10161765 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border: A meta-analysis JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy N2 - Importing green chemical energy carriers is crucial for meeting European climate targets. However, estimating the costs of supplying these energy carriers to Europe remains challenging, leading to a wide range of reported supply-cost estimates. This study analyzes the estimated supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border using a dataset of 1050 data points from 30 studies. The results reveal significant variations in supply costs, with a projected four-fold difference in 2030 and a five-fold difference in 2050 across all energy carriers. The main drivers of cost differences are varying production costs, particularly influenced by the weighted average costs of capital and capital expenditures of renewable energy sources, electrolyzers, and carrier-specific conversion processes. Transport costs also contribute to variations, mainly influenced by the choice of energy carrier and the weighted average costs of capital. To optimize cost-efficiency and sustainability in the chemical energy carrier sector, this paper recommends prioritizing transparency and sensitivity analyses of key input parameters, classifying energy carriers based on technological and economic status, and encouraging research and development to reduce production costs. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.06.180 SN - 1879-3487 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Domenig, Christoph A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Gunkel, Phillipp Andreas A1 - Hermann, Julian A1 - Bergaentzlé, Claire-Marie A1 - Lopes, Marta AR A1 - Barnes, Jake A1 - McKenna, Russell T1 - Overcoming the landlord–tenant dilemma: A techno-economic assessment of collective self-consumption for European multi-family buildings JF - Energy Policy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114120 VL - 189 SP - 114120 EP - 114120 ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Abitz, D A1 - Voigt, E A1 - Johanning, S A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Bruckner, T T1 - ODD+ D Protocol for Agent Based Simulation Model PVact Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Simon-Johanning/publication/388333701_ODDD_protocol_for_agent_based_simulation_model_PVact/links/67934689207c0c20fa56c386/ODD-D-protocol-for-agent-based-simulation-model-PVact.pdf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Muesgens, Felix T1 - Supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border: A meta-analysis JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.06.180 VL - 48 IS - 98 SP - 38766 EP - 38781 ER -