TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Mielke, Rosemarie A1 - Klink, Andreas T1 - Wechselseitige Differenzierung zwischen sozialen Gruppen: Ein Vorhersagemodell der Theorie der sozialen Identität JF - Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie N2 - Hypotheses derived from social identity theory (Tajfel, 1978) were tested by investigating intergroup differentiation between 2 natural groups. In line with the predictions, members of the low status group (East Germans) favored their in-group (IG) on the status-unrelated (social) comparison dimension, while members of the high status group (West Germans) perceived their IG to be superior on the status-related (material) dimension. The more group members favored their IG over the out-group (OG), the more they emphasized the relative relevance of the pertinent comparative dimension for their IG. Furthermore, a predictive model of intergroup differentiation was tested in which IG favoritism was set to be a function of the perceived stability and legitimacy of the status-difference as well as the perceived permeability of group boundaries. The results showed that members of the low status group favored their IG on the status-unrelated dimension the more the intergroup structure was perceived as being stable, illegitimate, and impermeable and the more they identified themselves with their East-German IG. On the other hand, members of the high status group favored their IG on the status related dimension the more legitimate they perceived the status-difference between both groups. N2 - Allgemeine Aussagen der Theorie der sozialen Identität von Tajfel (1978) über Stereotypisierung von Mitgliedern sozialer Gruppen wurden exemplarisch anhand der Intergruppen-Differenzierung zwischen zwei natürlichen Gruppen überprüft. In Übereinstimmung mit der Theorie favorisierten Mitglieder der statusniedrigen Gruppe (Ostdeutsche) ihre Eigengruppe auf der statusunabhängigen (sozialen) Vergleichsdimension, während Mitglieder der statushohen Gruppe (Westdeutsche) eine relative Überlegenheit ihrer Eigengruppe auf der statusbezogenen (materiellen) Dimension wahrnahmen. Darüber hinaus ergaben sich Hinweise auf eine ‘indirekte’ Diskriminierung bei beiden Gruppen: Je stärker die jeweilige Eigengruppe favorisiert wurde, desto wichtiger wurde die entsprechende Vergleichsdimension für die Eigengruppe eingeschätzt. Zusätzlich wurde ein Vorhersagemodell zur Intergruppen-Differenzierung geprüft, in dem Eigengruppen-Favorisierung als Funktion der wahrgenommenen Stabilität und Legitimität der Statusdifferenz sowie der Durchlässigkeit (Permeabilität) der Gruppengrenzen betrachtet wurde. Zusätzlich wurde die Identifikation mit der Eigengruppe als Mediator in das Prädiktionsmodell aufgenommen. Mitglieder der statusniedrigen Gruppe favorisierten ihre Eigengruppe auf der statusunabhängigen Vergleichsdimension um so mehr, je stabiler, illegitimer und impermeabler die Intergruppenstruktur wahrgenommen wurde und je höher sie sich mit ihrer Eigengruppe identifizierten. Für Mitglieder der statushohen Gruppe war die Favorisierung ihrer Eigengruppe auf der statusbezogenen Dimension hingegen mit einer erhöhten Legitmitätswahrnehmung der Statusdifferenz verbunden. Y1 - 2023 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 239 EP - 259 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Mielke, Rosemarie A1 - Klink, Andreas T1 - Responding to negative social identity: A taxonomy of identity management strategies JF - European Journal of Social Psychology N2 - Taken from literature on social identity theory and social comparison theory, 12 strategies of identity management were identified as possible responses to negative social identity. A taxonomy with two orthogonal axes is proposed as theoretical organization of these diverse strategies. While the first axis considers responses as being either individual or collective, the second axis refers to the distinction between behaviours and cognitions. It is assumed that the German unification process implied a lower status position of East Germans relative to West Germans on relevant comparison dimensions, and that East Germans have to deal with this threat to their identity. Hence, data of an East German sample are used to empirically systematize identity management strategies, and, thus, to test the proposed taxonomy. Results support the expected four-factor solution only for those strategies taken from social identity theory, while the responses derived from social comparison research build a fifth factor. In addition, the empirical assignments of strategies to cells of the taxonomy are only partly in line with the expected pattern. The empirical findings suggest some clarification and modifications of the proposed response taxonomy. The most important refers to a re-interpretation of the taxonomy's first axis, which now differentiates between responses according to the specific changes of the comparison parameters they imply. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199809/10)28:5%3C697::AID-EJSP889%3E3.0.CO;2-%23 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 697 EP - 729 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Haeger, Gabi A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Mielke, Rosemarie A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Kanning, U. P. T1 - Zum Zusammenhang von negativer sozialer Identität und Vergleichen zwischen Personen und Gruppen: Eine Felduntersuchung in Ost- und Westdeutschland JF - Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie N2 - Studied interactions between social identity (SI) and social comparisons (SCs) in East German and West German populations to test the assumptions that East Germans feel inferior when comparing themselves to West Germans and that their negative SI can be improved by alternative SCs. Human Ss: 35 normal male and female East German adults (aged 21–57 yrs) (mixed occupations) (Study 1). 226 normal male and female East German adults (mean age 38 yrs) (Study 2). 123 normal male and female West German adults (mean age 38 yrs) (Study 2). In individual interviews, the Ss in Study 1 were asked to indicate the types of SCs they considered relevant for their own life satisfaction (LS) and for the LS of East Germans in general. Study 2 focused on assessing strategies for improving a negative SI. The Ss completed questionnaires assessing (1) their satisfaction with their own and their group's (East Germans or West Germans) life situations and (2) characteristics of their SCs (i.e., the subjects, objects, dimensions, and outcomes of the SCs). Interactions between LS and SCs were analyzed, and results for East German and West German Ss were compared. Y1 - 2023 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 259 EP - 277 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Klink, Andreas A1 - Mielke, Rosemarie A1 - Wenzel, Michael A1 - Blanz, Mathias T1 - Socio-structural characteristics of intergroup relations and identity management strategies: Results from a field study in East Germany JF - European Journal of Social Psychology N2 - In a field study in East Germany, predictions by Social Identity Theory concerning relations among socio-structural characteristics of intergroup relations (stability, legitimacy, permeability) and identity management strategies (e.g. social competition) were examined. In general, East Germans were expected to consider their status position as inferior compared to West Germans. Moreover, depending on whether they regard such a status difference as legitimate or illegitimate, as stable or unstable, and whether they perceive group boundaries as permeable or impermeable, East German participants should differ with respect to identity management strategies such as change of status relations, change of categorization, change of comparison dimension, change of comparison object and change of group membership. Five hundred and seventeen participants from different regions of East Germany completed a questionnaire on various aspects of life satisfaction. A path model including stability, legitimacy and permeability as predictors, ingroup identification as mediator and identity management strategies as criteria was tested. Results are mainly in line with assumptions on main effects derived from Social Identity Theory. However, some extensions and clarifications with respect to assimilation situations seem to be adequate. In addition, results show that ingroup identification can be regarded as a powerful mediator between perceived intergroup relations and identity management strategies. Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199903/05)29:2/3%3C259::AID-EJSP927%3E3.0.CO;2-F VL - 29 IS - 2-3 SP - 259 EP - 285 ER -