TY - CHAP A1 - Dörnemann, Tim A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Dörnemann, Kay A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Smith, Matthew A1 - Freisleben, Bernd T1 - Secure Grid Service Engineering for Industrial Optimization T2 - Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Optimization: Techniques and Applications (ICOTA) Y1 - 2007 SP - 371 EP - 372 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Mathes, Markus T1 - Time-Constrained Web Services for Industrial Automation N2 - Service-oriented architectures based on web services have become the de facto standard for the design and implementation of distributed applications. Due to their standardization, web services are widely adopted for inter-organizational communication, but their use for intra-organizational communication is challenging, especially within enterprises of the manufacturing domain. Business processes within an industrial enterprise have to satisfy predefined time constraints. More precisely, the manufacturing process has to guarantee real-time, i.e. predefined deadlines have to be kept. Todays industrial enterprises use specialized hard- and software at the manufacturing layer - industrial PCs (IPCs) and programmable logic controllers (PLCs) - that run under vendor-specific operating systems and are implemented using vendor-specific tools. This mixture of technologies of different vendors leads to numerous breaks in the communication paradigm. The interconnection of these technologies results in additional costs and is often quite error-prone. This thesis investigates the seamless use of web services as a homogeneous communication backbone throughout the overall industrial enterprise with a focus on the manufacturing layer. The common layered organization of an industrial enterprise - consisting of the business layer, the intermediate layer, and the manufacturing layer - is avoided by using web services as the communication backbone. The need for real-time makes the use of web services in industrial automation challenging. Web service standards (e.g. SOAP for the invocation and WSDL for the description of web services) and technologies (e.g. available SOAP engines) have emerged from the Internet domain where processing is based on a best-effort basis (time constraints are of little or no interest). The Time-Constrained Services (TiCS) framework presented in this thesis is a technical foundation for using web services in time-constrained environments with a specific focus on industrial automation. TiCS is a tool suite for the development, deployment, publication, composition, and execution of web services with time constraints, especially real-time constraints. TiCS consists of several components to ease the entire development process for automation engineers who are normally not familiar with web service technologies. The main components of the TiCS framework can be distinguished according to their functionality: - permit access to the manufacturing layer using web services - permit the composition of several web services to a value-added workflow that represents a production process - offer a mechanism to describe the time constraints of web services and workflows - permit the efficient transmission of binary web service parameters To access the manufacturing layer using web services, the TiCS framework offers a real-time SOAP engine for IPCs called SOAP4IPC and for PLCs called SOAP4PLC. Both engines permit an evolutionary change to a web service based communication backbone, since existing hardware can be used further. Most real-world production processes consist of several steps. Due to this reason, it is necessary to combine web services to a multi-step workflow. The TiCS Modeler supports an automation engineer to define such workflows with regard to the required time constraints. The WS-TemporalPolicy language permits the description of time constraints for web services and entire workflows. Since time constraints may vary over time, e.g. compare processing during peak time and off-peak time, WS-TemporalPolicy permits the definition of a validity period for time constraints. The protocol predominantly used for the invocation of web services is SOAP. Since SOAP is based on XML, it is necessary to encode binary parameters, resulting in a remarkable overhead. For an efficient parameter transmission - a fundamental prerequisite to process a web service within a given deadline - the TiCS framework contains a component called Flex-SwA. Despite the fact that the technologies developed in this thesis focus on industrial automation, they can also be used in related research areas where web services are used as the communication technology. Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17192/z2009.0466 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Friese, Thomas A1 - Smith, Matthew A1 - Freisleben, Bernd T1 - Flex-SwA: Flexible Exchange of Binary Data Based on SOAP Messages with Attachments T2 - 2006 IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS'06) N2 - SOAP is the standard protocol for message exchange in Web service environments. As an XML-based protocol, SOAP is not suitable for the transmission of large amounts of binary data. This fact has been addressed by the SOAP messages with attachments specification, which regulates the transfer of a SOAP message together with an arbitrary number of binary attachments composed within a MIME multipart/related message. Although this leads to a reduction of transmission overhead, Web service communication using SOAP messages with attachments still lacks communication and processing flexibility. In this paper, we present a novel and more flexible way of handling attachments in SOAP-based Web service environments. In contrast to SOAP messages with attachments, our approach offers message forwarding without additional communication cost and demand-driven evaluation and transmission of binary data, thus providing the opportunity to save time by overlapping service execution and data transmission Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICWS.2006.65 SP - 3 EP - 10 PB - IEEE Computer Society Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Friese, Thomas A1 - Freisleben, Bernd T1 - Enabling Post-Invocation Parameter Transmission in Service-Oriented Environments T2 - International conference on Networking and Services (ICNS'06) N2 - This paper addresses two drawbacks associated with using SOAP RPC to invoke services in service-oriented environments. First, overlapping of parameter production, parameter transmission and service execution is not possible, since all parameters of a service call have to exist prior to service invocation; until all parameters are available, a service caller has to defer service invocation. Second, the XML format of SOAP is not suitable to transfer large binary parameters, because encoding consumes a considerable amount of time. In this paper, a new approach to invoke Web services is presented, which enables post-invocation parameter transmission and efficient transmission of binary parameters, thus enabling the overlapping of parameter production, parameter transmission and service execution to reduce the overall processing time. To realize post-invocation parameter transmission, an extension of WSDL is proposed. It is shown how post-invocation parameter transmission enables the efficient implementation of stream-based production/consumption of parameters and pipelining. Furthermore, measurement results are presented demonstrating a noticeable performance gain Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNS.2006.44 SP - 55 EP - 62 PB - IEEE Computer Society Press ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Heidinger, Florian A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Dohmann, Helmut T1 - Java Message Service (JMS) – Einsatz in der Industrieautomation JF - Automatisierungstechnische Praxis Y1 - 2004 IS - 5 SP - 61 EP - 70 PB - Oldenbourg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heidinger, Florian A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Dohmann, Helmut T1 - Werkzeug zur Visualisierung und Administration von Kommunikationsbeziehungen in nachrichtenorientierter Middleware T2 - CeBIT 2004 Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Mathes, Markus T1 - Middleware in Java BT - Leitfaden zum Entwurf verteilter Anwendungen — Implementierung von verteilten Systemen über JMS — Verteilte Objekte über RMI und CORBA T3 - IT-Professional N2 - Dieses Buch vermittelt beispielhaft das notwendige Know-how zum Entwurf und zur Entwicklung verteilter Anwendungen. Die Umsetzung erfolgt mittels der relevanten Middleware-Technologien in Java. Die Darstellung erfolgt nachvollziehbar anhand praxisnaher Beispiele, Aufgaben helfen das Gelernte aktiv einzuüben. Der Quellcode der vorgestellten Programme und Präsentationen zur Unterstützung von Dozenten und Studenten werden zum Download angeboten. Als besonderer Service für Dozenten werden auch die Lösungen zu den Aufgaben bereitgestellt. Y1 - 2005 SN - 978-3-528-05912-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80262-0 PB - Vieweg+Teubner Verlag CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Stoidner, Christoph A1 - Schwarzkopf, Roland A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Dörnemann, Tim A1 - Dohmann, Helmut A1 - Freisleben, Bernd T1 - Time-Constrained Services (TiCS): A Framework for Using Real-time WS in Industrial Automation JF - Service Oriented Computing and Applications (SOCA) Journal Y1 - 2009 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 239 EP - 262 PB - Springer CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Stadelmann, Thilo A1 - Seiler, Dominik A1 - Diegelmann, Marcel A1 - Dohmann, Helmut A1 - Freisleben, Bernd T1 - The Web Service Browser: Automatic Client Generation and Efficient Data Transfer for Web Services T2 - Proceedings of the 7th IEEE Int'l Conf. on Web Services (ICWS) Y1 - 2009 SP - 743 EP - 750 PB - IEEE Press ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mathes, Markus A1 - Schwarzkopf, Roland A1 - Dörnemann, Tim A1 - Heinzl, Steffen A1 - Freisleben, Bernd T1 - Composition of Time-Constrained BPEL4WS Workflows Using the TiCS Modeler T2 - Proceedings of the 13th IFAC Symposium on Information Control Problems in Manufacturing (INCOM) Y1 - 2009 SP - 892 EP - 897 PB - Elsevier ER -