TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Koalick-Blanz, S. T1 - Effekte einer Kombinationsbehandlung durch Konzentrations- und Entspannungstraining nach Subarachnoidalblutung (Einzelfallanalyse) JF - Die Rehabilitation Y1 - 2023 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 246 EP - 253 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Otten, Sabine T1 - Wahrgenommene Motive für soziale Diskriminierung BT - Einflüsse von Stimulusvalenz und Beurteilerperspektive JF - Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie Y1 - 2023 VL - 26 SP - 135 EP - 147 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Otten, Sabine T1 - Perceptions of relative group size and group status BT - Effects on intergroup discrimination in negative evaluations JF - European Journal of Social Psychology N2 - The positive–negative asymmetry in social discrimination proposes a threshold for ingroup favouritism within the negative domain: in contrast to comparable studies dealing with in- and outgroup evaluations on positive attributes, ingroup favouritism does not occur when negative attributes are used. The present study focuses on two aspects of this threshold: it investigates processes, which may influence the absence of ingroup favouritism in the negative domain, and it tests ‘aggravating’ variables, which seem to be suficient to elicit ingroup favouritism even in the negative domain. Results show that ingroup favouritism occurred within the negative domain when several aggravating conditions were included, namely high salience of size- and status- similarity between groups and high ingroup identification. Furthermore, subjects under minimal conditions tended to overestimate relative size as well as relative status of their ingroup. The perception of group members to belong to a high status majority is interpreted as a sufficient condition counteracting tendencies towards ingroup favouritism within the negative domain. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420250208 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 231 EP - 247 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schruijer, Sandra A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Tedeschi, Jim A1 - Banfai, Beata A1 - Dittmar, Helga A1 - Kleibaumhüter, Petra A1 - Mahjoub, Abdelwahab A1 - Mandrosz-Wroblewska, Joanna A1 - Molinari, Luisa A1 - Petillon, Xavier T1 - The group-serving bias in evaluating and explaining harmful behavior JF - The Journal of Social Psychology N2 - Group-serving biases in evaluating and explaining harmful behavior were investigated. Members of the Italian Communist party judged and explained an in-group or an out-group actor's harmful behavior toward an in-group or an out-group victim. The results support the notion of an in-group bias: Out-group actors were perceived as more aggressive and intentional in their actions than in-group actors. An in-group bias was also observed with regard to predictions about whether the victim would attempt retaliation. Group-based explanations were used more often when the group identities of actor and victim were different than when they were the same. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1994.9710882 VL - 134 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 53 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias T1 - Das Placebo-Phänomen aus sozialpsychologischer Perspektive: Zur Rolle von Erwartungen JF - Jahrbuch für Kritische Medizin Y1 - 2023 VL - 21 SP - 77 EP - 99 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias T1 - Plazebobehandlungen: Bedingungsfaktoren, Theorien und Anmerkungen zur Effektivität JF - Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin Y1 - 2023 VL - 69 IS - 7 SP - 175 EP - 180 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Blanz, Mathias ED - Feiereis, Hubert ED - Saller, Reinhard T1 - Placebo-Therapie - gibt es Indikationen? BT - Generelle Überlegungen zum Thema T2 - Drei heiße Eisen: Der schmerzende Dialog - Placebo-Therapie - Rehabilitation bei rheumatischen Leiden Y1 - 2023 SP - 119 EP - 132 PB - Marseille Verlag CY - München ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias T1 - Placebos BT - Medizinhistorische Aspekte und Definitionsansätze JF - Fortschritte der Neurologie und Psychiatrie Y1 - 2023 VL - 59 IS - 9 SP - 361 EP - 370 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias T1 - Ethische und rechtliche Aspekte des Plazeboeinsatzes in Forschung und Praxis JF - Fortschritte der Neurologie und Psychiatrie Y1 - 1990 VL - 58 IS - 5 SP - 167 EP - 174 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias T1 - Accessibility and fit as determinants of the salience of social categorizations JF - European Journal of Social Psychology N2 - The present article proposes a theoretical model of factors affecting the salience of social categorizations. The model is strongly related to the accessibility×fit formulation by Bruner (1957) and to Oakes' (1987) functional perspective on category salience. The results of an experimental series using the ‘Who said what?’ paradigm are presented, which examined several hypotheses derived from the model. In Study I it was shown that the salience of a social categorization with high chronic accessibility (sex categorization) was related to perceptions of issue relevance (normative fit) and intercategory differences (meta-contrast ratio). Furthermore, in line with the salience model measures to increase the situational accessibility, (i.e. a priming procedure) of categorizations with low chronic accessibility (educational group and home town categorizations) failed to affect category salience as long as participants perceived no comparative and normative fit of these categorizations (Study II). Under conditions where comparative fit of these categorizations was perceived, however, the priming procedure successfully enhanced category salience (Studies II and III). Results are largely consistent with the hypotheses derived from the salience model and support Oakes' functional approach to category salience. Finally, the complex interrelation between situational accessibility and perceived fit will be discussed. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/%28SICI%291099-0992%28199902%2929%3A1%3C43%3A%3AAID-EJSP913%3E3.0.CO%3B2-Z VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 74 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Mielke, Rosemarie A1 - Klink, Andreas T1 - Wechselseitige Differenzierung zwischen sozialen Gruppen: Ein Vorhersagemodell der Theorie der sozialen Identität JF - Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie N2 - Hypotheses derived from social identity theory (Tajfel, 1978) were tested by investigating intergroup differentiation between 2 natural groups. In line with the predictions, members of the low status group (East Germans) favored their in-group (IG) on the status-unrelated (social) comparison dimension, while members of the high status group (West Germans) perceived their IG to be superior on the status-related (material) dimension. The more group members favored their IG over the out-group (OG), the more they emphasized the relative relevance of the pertinent comparative dimension for their IG. Furthermore, a predictive model of intergroup differentiation was tested in which IG favoritism was set to be a function of the perceived stability and legitimacy of the status-difference as well as the perceived permeability of group boundaries. The results showed that members of the low status group favored their IG on the status-unrelated dimension the more the intergroup structure was perceived as being stable, illegitimate, and impermeable and the more they identified themselves with their East-German IG. On the other hand, members of the high status group favored their IG on the status related dimension the more legitimate they perceived the status-difference between both groups. N2 - Allgemeine Aussagen der Theorie der sozialen Identität von Tajfel (1978) über Stereotypisierung von Mitgliedern sozialer Gruppen wurden exemplarisch anhand der Intergruppen-Differenzierung zwischen zwei natürlichen Gruppen überprüft. In Übereinstimmung mit der Theorie favorisierten Mitglieder der statusniedrigen Gruppe (Ostdeutsche) ihre Eigengruppe auf der statusunabhängigen (sozialen) Vergleichsdimension, während Mitglieder der statushohen Gruppe (Westdeutsche) eine relative Überlegenheit ihrer Eigengruppe auf der statusbezogenen (materiellen) Dimension wahrnahmen. Darüber hinaus ergaben sich Hinweise auf eine ‘indirekte’ Diskriminierung bei beiden Gruppen: Je stärker die jeweilige Eigengruppe favorisiert wurde, desto wichtiger wurde die entsprechende Vergleichsdimension für die Eigengruppe eingeschätzt. Zusätzlich wurde ein Vorhersagemodell zur Intergruppen-Differenzierung geprüft, in dem Eigengruppen-Favorisierung als Funktion der wahrgenommenen Stabilität und Legitimität der Statusdifferenz sowie der Durchlässigkeit (Permeabilität) der Gruppengrenzen betrachtet wurde. Zusätzlich wurde die Identifikation mit der Eigengruppe als Mediator in das Prädiktionsmodell aufgenommen. Mitglieder der statusniedrigen Gruppe favorisierten ihre Eigengruppe auf der statusunabhängigen Vergleichsdimension um so mehr, je stabiler, illegitimer und impermeabler die Intergruppenstruktur wahrgenommen wurde und je höher sie sich mit ihrer Eigengruppe identifizierten. Für Mitglieder der statushohen Gruppe war die Favorisierung ihrer Eigengruppe auf der statusbezogenen Dimension hingegen mit einer erhöhten Legitmitätswahrnehmung der Statusdifferenz verbunden. Y1 - 2023 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 239 EP - 259 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Blanz, Mathias A1 - Mummendey, Amélie A1 - Mielke, Rosemarie A1 - Klink, Andreas T1 - Responding to negative social identity: A taxonomy of identity management strategies JF - European Journal of Social Psychology N2 - Taken from literature on social identity theory and social comparison theory, 12 strategies of identity management were identified as possible responses to negative social identity. A taxonomy with two orthogonal axes is proposed as theoretical organization of these diverse strategies. While the first axis considers responses as being either individual or collective, the second axis refers to the distinction between behaviours and cognitions. It is assumed that the German unification process implied a lower status position of East Germans relative to West Germans on relevant comparison dimensions, and that East Germans have to deal with this threat to their identity. Hence, data of an East German sample are used to empirically systematize identity management strategies, and, thus, to test the proposed taxonomy. Results support the expected four-factor solution only for those strategies taken from social identity theory, while the responses derived from social comparison research build a fifth factor. In addition, the empirical assignments of strategies to cells of the taxonomy are only partly in line with the expected pattern. The empirical findings suggest some clarification and modifications of the proposed response taxonomy. The most important refers to a re-interpretation of the taxonomy's first axis, which now differentiates between responses according to the specific changes of the comparison parameters they imply. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0992(199809/10)28:5%3C697::AID-EJSP889%3E3.0.CO;2-%23 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 697 EP - 729 ER -